上海高级口译一般问答及Spot-dictation题型详解
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试C1参考答案
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试C1参考答案SECTION 1：LISTENING TESTPART A：Spot Dictation1. produce fuel 2. four main areas3. a possible solution 4. look at the oil crisis5. alternative energy sources 6. fossil fuels7. harnessing of wind and waves 8. human and animal waste9. conversion of plant material 10. a large agriculture sector11. possiblility of using 12. in the production of alcohol13. has fallen dramatically 14. in the last decade15. dependent on 16. using their sugar17. relatively economical 18. other starchy plants19. in tropical countries 20. corn and sugar beetPART B: Listening Comprehension1-5 B D C A B 6-10 D B C A B11-15 C D B A B 16-20 A B B D BSECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 B C B D B 6-10 C C D B B11-15 D C C B B 16-20 D C B D CSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST对美国文化常见的批评，是说美国人过分热衷于物质产品而忽视人的精神。
据称，美国人只崇拜“万能的美元”。
我们美国人在生活上竞相攀比。
高级口译听力技巧全解
听力综述上海市高级口译笔试部分的听力测试共包括以下几道题：第一题为Spot Dictation （听写填空），边听边填空，共有二十个空格，每格需要填2 至4 个词。
相对于家熟悉的学英语四六级听力测试中的Compound Dictation （复合式填空），考生在中高级口译笔试部分的听力测试中的文章只会朗读一次，所以难度相对较高。
第二题为Listening Comprehension （听力理解），其中共有两道小题，第一小题为Statements （陈述），考查考生的同意置换能力，即听完一句20 字左右的句子，在12 秒内找出4 个选项中意思最相近的。
另一小题为Talks Conversation （选择），即听完段落或对话后进行4 道题的选择， 5 篇文章共20 题。
第三题为Note-Taking and Gap-Filling，后文当中会给出详解。
最后一道题为Listening Translation （听译），当中包含5 句Sentence Translation （句子听译）及2 段Passage Translation （段落听译），听完后考生一段时间作答。
其中句子听译时间间隔为50 秒，段落听译时间间隔为150 至200 秒。
1. Spot Dictation （30%）1.1 评分标准1）拼写错误，但不影响理解的，如：intrest。
不扣分2）每空格写对其中一半词的，给1分。
1.2 注意事项做Spot Dictation要放弃两种期望：我可以听懂这篇文章的意思，我可以写全大部分的单词。
事实上考试中肯定做不到听懂文章意思，也没有必要，只需要在给定的格子里写下词组即可，而写全单词应该是听完后把答案抄到答题纸上时顺便完成的，那个时候短期记忆应该还没有完全消退，加上自己熟悉的书写习惯，再加“考试只需要60％”的心理暗示，过关是完全现实的。
要做好漏听漏记的准备，通常比较优秀的学生这个部分也很难做到80％以上，有的题目，比如在四五秒钟内连续听到some very interesting research recently…different jobs or professional careers，失分是正常的，也是可以接受的，也许下面有的格子会简单到诸如in politics，而分值是相等的。
高级口译考试评分标准详解
高级口译考试评分标准详解听力部分：1. 听力Spot Dictation20个空，每个1.5分，只有名、动、形、副词直接扣分，视该次考试的标准及该单词在词组中的重要程度扣分，比如，a vital element如果vital没写，扣0．5分，element 同理，如果a不写，不直接扣，教师在卷面做标注，比如红点，然后20个格子阅完后视标注情况整体再扣1-3分。
不是很严重的拼写错误不扣分，比如resistant写成resident。
允许适当连笔书写，只要不影响老师的评改。
2. 听力选择共20题，每题1分，共计20分。
3. 听力Note-taking & Gap-filling所听的内容文字长度为700词左右，语速为每分钟170词左右，听一遍。
在给出的长度为200词左右的所听内容的概述中，有20个空白要求考生填写，每空填一个词。
20格，每格1分，答案基本是确定的，有限的，阅卷标准会给出可以接受的近义词，比如答案是decrease，那么凡是写到下降这个意思的词，都可以考虑算对，这些词会由阅卷指导委员会给出。
4. 听译Sentence & Passage translation句子翻译每句3分，也是整体评分，比如通读译文，大致给出是0，1，2，3档，这个标准与第二试的口译一致，要求给出大意，及主要的细节；要求逐字对应，不得出现严重误译，反译。
举个简单例子，原文是Britain witnessed sharp increase in its criminal activities from l999 to 2003。
如果译文是1999-2003年间英国犯罪率上升了。
那么基本是满分3分，不强求要把sharp体现出来，而witness目睹了这个意思也不用很精确。
如果写成1999-2002，扣0．5，如果没写出犯罪率或者犯罪案件这个概念，得分不超过1分，因为意思都不对了。
如果把increase译成了犯罪率下降，起码扣1分。
2006年3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2006年3月上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING TEST 2. READING TEST 3. TRANSLATION TEST 4. LISTENING TEST 5. READING TEST 6. TRANSLATION TESTSECTION 1 LISTENING TESTPart A Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.听力原文：Marks ＆Spencer has a very good reputation for job security and looking after its staff, with things like good perks, good canteen, that sort of thing. Do those things actually motivate people in their work? I think it is, it is very important. When people have been working on the sales floor, and they may have been in from seven or eight o’clock in the morning, they can come off the sales floor and can go to the staff restaurant and obviously they can have tea, coffee, or a drink provided free of charge, and can then buy at very reduced rates a full cooked breakfast, if they want one, or a roll and cheese, in a pleasant environment, in a hygienic environment, food of the highest quality, there’re areas where they can rest and read papers, or play pool or something, yeah, that is very important because they need a break from the customers. At busy times, they need to get away from it, they need to be able to relax. In terms of all the health screening programmes we’ve got, that is very important, when people know that they will be having medicals, and the staff discount is another thing, obviously there’s an amount of merchandise that they will buy which they will be able to buy at discounted rates. For Christmas bonus, we give all our general staff a 10% of their salary which is guaranteed, and the motivational effect of that, actually, at the busiest time of the year when they’re under the most pressure and working hard, is fantastic and to see their faces as you hand them the envelope with 10% of their salary in it. I believe the environment that you work in, the quality of the people that you work with, the way you are treated, with respect and dignity, and the fact that your views are listened to, and you feel you are consulted, that makes people happy and satisfied in their job and makes them get up and come to work in the morning.Marks ＆Spencer has a very good reputation for job security and looking after its staff, with things like good perks, (1) , that sort of thing. Do those things actually (2) ? I think it is, it is very important. When people have been working (3) , and they may have been in from seven or eight o’clock in the morning, they can come off the sales floor and can go to (4) and obviously they can have tea, coffee, or (5) , and can then buy at very reduced rates (6) , if theywant one, or a roll and cheese, in a pleasant environment, (7) , food of the highest quality, there’re areas where they can (8) , or play pool or something, yeah, that is very important because they need (9) . At busy times, they need to get away from it, they need to be able to relax. In terms of all the (10) we’ve got, that is very important, when people know that they will be having medicals, and (11) is another thing, obviously there’s (12) that they will buy which they will be able to buy (13) . For Christmas bonus, we give all our general staff (14) which is guaranteed, and the (15) of that, actually, at the busiest time of the year when they’re (16) and working hard, is fantastic and to see their faces as you (17) with 10% of their salary in it. I believe the environment that you work in, (18) that you work with, the way you are treated, (19) , and the fact that your views are listened to, and you feel you are consulted, that makes people (20) and makes them get up and come to work in the morning.1．正确答案：good canteen2．正确答案：motivate people in their work3．正确答案：on the sales floor4．正确答案：the staff restaurant5．正确答案：a drink provided free of charge6．正确答案：a full cooked breakfast7．正确答案：in a hygienic environment8．正确答案：rest and read papers9．正确答案：a break from the customers 10．正确答案：health screening programmes 11．正确答案：the staff discount12．正确答案：an amount of merchandise 13．正确答案：at discounted rates14．正确答案：a 10% of their salary15．正确答案：motivational effect16．正确答案：under the most pressure 17．正确答案：hand them the envelope 18．正确答案：the quality of the people 19．正确答案：with respect and dignity20．正确答案：happy and satisfied in their jobPart B Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.听力原文：M: Hi, Susan. How’s it going? How was your first week in the AIDS ward?F: OK, I guess. But I never realized how many different things nurses have to do. There’s a lot to learn ...M: There sure is! That’s why we’re having this meeting today, Susan. As your advisor, it’s my responsibility to help you learn your new job. We’ve found that sometimes our new nurses have trouble adjusting to the AIDS ward.F: Actually, I do feel worried about being here.M: That’s normal. I felt the same way when I started. What are you nervous about?F: I know it sounds dumb, but I keep thinking that I might get infected with HIV. I know there isn’t a very big risk, but I’m still worried. My friends are worried, too.M: What are your friends saying?F: Well, some of them don’t want to be around me now. I think they’re afraid that they’ll get HIV somehow. One friend always used to give me rides in her car, but she won’t drive me to work now because she’s afraid I’ll get the virus in her car!M: That’s a difficult situation. But it’s a good opportunity to teach your friends the facts about HIV and AIDS, so they’ll know they’re wrong. And if they don’t want to learn anything, maybe they aren’t good friends. I know I lost a few friends when I started working here.F: My family’s also worried. My mother keeps saying, “You can’t be too careful!” She’s afraid that I’ll get AIDS from a patient. So I try to be very careful. I always wear the protective clothing, you know, the rubber gloves, paper clothing, and plastic glasses. But then something strange happened.M: What happened?F: I went in to see a patient, to bring him his lunch, and he looked at me and said, “Oh, you’re new here, aren’t you.”Then he was acting very angry at me after that, I think it was because of the clothing!M: Why do you think he was angry?F: I’m not sure. I was just trying to protect myself.M: I think the important thing to remember when you’re working with AIDS patients is that you’re working with people, people who are very sick, but who still need to be treated with respect. I remember what my boss told me when I first started working with AIDS patients. He said, “It’s important to isolate the AIDS virus, but not the AIDS patient. “F: What do you mean by “not isolate the AIDS patients?”M: Well, just imagine that you’re very sick. You’re lying in bed in the hospital, worrying that you’re going to die. Then, every time someone comes in the room, they’re covered from head to toe in protective clothing. How would that makeyou feel?F: Terrible! It would make me feel like I was dangerous, like no one wanted to be near me.M: Exactly. You would feel very isolated. We don’t want our AIDS patients to feel that way. It’s important that they feel just like all our other patients.F: So what should I do?M: Well, you have to think carefully before you go into someone’s room. We know that it’s impossible to get AIDS from just touching someone, or breathing the air next to them, or even sharing a glass of water. AIDS, as you know, is passed through blood or bodily fluids. So when you go into a patient’s room, think to yourself. “What am I going to do in here? Will I be in contact with blood or other bodily fluids?” For example, when you serve lunch to someone, do you think you need to wear protective clothing? Is there going to be any blood then?F: Um, no, I guess not. I guess I don’t need to wear the clothing when I serve food.M: How about when you draw someone’s blood? Do you need the protective clothing then?F: Well, there’s a chance that I could prick my finger on the needle. M: Right. In that case I’d wear gloves, just to be safe. I guess the rule to live by is to protect yourself when you need to, but don’t wear the clothing unnecessarily. Part of our job is to take care of the patients’ feelings, as well as their illness, and too much protective clothing can make them feel uncomfortable.1. What is Susan’s job?How does Susan’s family feel about her job?What should Susan do with AIDS patients, according to the man?What contributes to the spread of the AIDS virus?Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the conversation?21．A．A trainee nurse.B．A resident doctor.C．A researcher of AIDS.D．An advisor to nurses.正确答案：A22．A．They don’t care what she does at her job.B．They have bad feelings about her job.C．They think it is a good job.D．They have no worries about the job.正确答案：B23．A．To isolate them completely.B．To watch them carefully.C．To treat them with respect.D．To provide them with nutritious food.正确答案：C24．A．Sharing bodily fluids with an AIDS patient.B．Shaking hands with an AIDS patient.C．Serving meals to an AIDS patient.D．Staying very close to an AIDS patient.正确答案：A25．A．The man is Susan’s advisor.B．It is not possible to get AIDS from sharing a glass of water.C．There is a high risk of getting infected with HIV at work.D．Susan’s patient was angry when she wore protective clothing to bring himlunch.正确答案：C听力原文：United Nations UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan cancelled a two-week trip to Asia which was scheduled to start on Saturday because of the debate over the UN budget and other “urgent political issues,”the organization announced late on Thursday. Deputy spokeswoman Marie Okabe said the secretary-general had informed the governments of China, the Republic of Korea, Japan, and Viet Nam that he was postponing the visit. Vienna, Austria Two US allies in Iraq are withdrawing forces this month and a half-dozen others are debating possible pullouts or reductions, increasing pressure on Washington as calls mount to bring home US troops. Bulgaria and Ukraine will begin withdrawing their combined 1,250 troops by mid-December. If Australia, Britain, Italy, Japan, Poland and South Korea reduce or recall their personnel, more than half of the non-American forces in Iraq could be gone by next summer. Japan and South Korea help with reconstruction, but Britain and Australia provide substantial support forces and Italy and Poland train Iraqi troops and police. Their exodus would deal a blow to American efforts to prepare Iraqis to take over the most dangerous peace-keeping tasks and craft an eventual US exit strategy. Honduras More than 30,000 people in Honduras have been left homeless by Tropical Storm Gamma, which killed 34 people there earlier this month and flooded low-lying areas, the government spokesman said on Thursday. Some 90,000 people were affected by the November 18-to-20 storm, which also damaged banana farms. The relevant government departments have deployed five teams across the nation to conduct damage assessments in collaboration with local officials. Haiti Armed kidnappers hijacked a school bus carrying 14 children on Thursday, and a US missionary was shot and abducted while driving outside Haiti’ s capital, police said. The separate kidnappings came five weeks before national elections are to be held to restore democracy and stability in the troubled nation. Police said they did not appear to be politically related. The bus was taking the children to school whenseveral armed men stopped it, boarded it and drove off down a main road heading west from Port-au-Prince, the capital, Police Commissioner Francois Henry Doussous said. He also said the captors contacted the children’s families and demanded US $50,000 for their release. The children are aged 5-17. Viet Nam Viet Nam on Friday started construction of a US $2.4 billion hydropower plant, promising to take good care of the nearly 100,000 people in three provinces who will be displaced by the project. “I ask the governments of the three provinces to do a good job in relocating people and resettling them, so that people will have a better life than in their old homes,” Prime Minister Phan Van Khai said in a nationally televised speech at the launch in earthquake-prone northern Son La province. Viet Nam’s power consumption has increased by some 15 per cent annually in recent years, and the Son La plant will generate nearly one-fifth of the country’s power output when completed, said Vu Duc Thin, deputy general director of state utility electricity of Vietnam Corp.6. What did the deputy UN spokeswoman announce on Thursday?Which of the following US allies in Iraq are withdrawing forces by mid-December?How many people in Honduras were killed by Tropical Storm Gamma earlier this month?What happened in Haiti on Thursday?What project was started in Viet Nam on Friday?26．A．The UN Secretary-General had cancelled his trip to Europe.B．The UN Secretary-General would visit Asia at a later date.C．The UN Secretary-General would discuss the UN budget with the US.D．The UN Secretary-General had withheld the debate over the budget.正确答案：B27．A．Bulgaria and Ukraine.B．Australia and Britain.C．Italy and Japan.D．Poland and South Korea.正确答案：A28．A．18 to 20.B．30.C．34D．Around 90.正确答案：C29．A．National elections.B．Arrest of a U. S. missionary.C．Hijacking of a civil airplane.D．Two separate kidnappings.正确答案：D30．A．Relocating people from an earthquake-prone province.B．Constructing more posts to predict about earthquakes.C．Economizing on electricity nationally.D．Building a hydropower plant.正确答案：D听力原文：M: Could you tell us something about the programme?F: Basically, the soap opera is about life in the East End of London, i.e. the Cockney way of life but that isn’t what, you know, the most important thing about the programme; that isn’t the reason for its success. The reason for its success is it deals with social problems that other soap operas have never dealt with before. I mean our aim isn’t to shock but it’s just that we can’t, we believed that we couldn’t do a realistic situation drama about the East End without incorporating topics like drugs, homosexuality, divorce, adultery, ai1 those things that other soap operas have only skimmed on prison and breaking the law ...M: Very nicely.F: Prison, nervous breakdowns—I mean it’s not just all gloom and doom... There is a lot of humor and there is a lot of love and warmth in the programme as well; so really if anyone says what is EastEnders about? It’s not about Cockneys, I mean, because the situations that we deal with are characteristic of a lot of inner city communities all over Britain, and I’m sure, in other cities in the world. But it’s just that we cover them with an edge on how a Cockney and how a Cockney community reacts and deals with those problems.M: What part do you play?F: I play a girl called Michelle Fowler; well no, Michelle Holloway to start with, she was in a family. She lived in the same house with her mother and father, and her grandmother. The son run away and then the mother had another baby and then she got pregnant by the local landlord—this is Michelle got pregnant, not my morn—by the landlord of the local pub, which nobody knows about; no one knows who the father is—that was the big storyline in the first year. And after she had the baby she married a local lad who she’d known for a few years.M: Is she at all like you?F: Um, she speaks like me, that’s where it ends. No she’s not at all like me; I mean, my circumstances are ... if I hadn’t gone into acting there probably would have been more similarities but because my life is changed and my circumstances have changed so much over the past couple of years ... the only similarities between me and Michelle is our accent.M: Do you like her?F: Yeah I like her. I think she’s very brave, very courageous to have the baby and very strong to keep the consequences of everyone knowing who the father was, which would just be so catastrophic ...M: Catastrophic or something ...F: I’m such a good speaker! Yeah, catastrophic or something or other; so she’s got the strength to keep such a big secret with her and shebelieves that she’ll keep it with her for the rest of her life.11. What type of programme are they talking about?What is the reason for the success of the programme?Who is the woman being interviewed?What was the big storyline in the first year?Why does the woman say Michelle is very brave?31．A．A talk show.B．A case investigation.C．A soap opera.D．A report on the East End of London.正确答案：C32．A．It shocks the audience.B．It is a realistic situation drama.C．It is the first programme that tells about the Cockney way of life.D．It deals with the problems other similar programmes have not done before.正确答案：D33．A．The anchorwoman of the programme.B．The star actress playing a girl in the soap opera.C．The landlady of a local pub in the East End of London.D．The producer of the programme.正确答案：B34．A．Michelle’s brother ran away from home.B．Michelle’s mother had another baby.C．Michelle married the landlord of a local pub.D．Michelle got pregnant and no one knew who the father was.正确答案：D35．A．Because Michelle decided to have the baby.B．Because Michelle married a local lad she had known for a few years.C．Because Michelle revealed who was the father of her new-born child.D．Because Michelle got the strength to keep the secret for the rest of her life.正确答案：A听力原文：With thousands of people traveling every day as a part of their jobs, there is great concern about the effect of jet lag on business travelers. In the world of international business, many men and women have trouble performing their jobs because they feel tired and sick from all their traveling. Businesspeople are not the only professionals who suffer from jet lag. Professional sports players also find that jet lag affects their performance. I have recently read a health report and it looks at the problem of jet lag in professional baseball. You see, researchers have wondered about how jet lag affects the job performance of people who travel for a living. The problem is that it is very difficult to measure exactly how jet lag affects most travelers, how can we measure the performance of, say, an executive who travels to another country to make a business deal? This is where the idea of looking at baseball comes in, so by looking at whether baseball teams win or lose games, researchers believe that we can see how jet lag affects performance in sports, business, and other jobs. In the study, doctors looked at baseball records from 2001 to 2004. They studied the performance of 19 teams from the Eastern and Pacific time zones, looking at the results of the two games immediately after a team traveled from one coast to the other. The study shows that changing time zones may hurt the performance of West Coast baseball teams traveling east for a game, but not East Coast teams traveling west. The reason, the researchers think, is that people traveling east suffer more from the symptoms of jet lag. An example of this effect can be seen in the best-of-seven league championship series played in 2003 between the San Francisco Giants and the Atlanta Braves. The games are played in the home cities of each team, so in 2003 the Atlanta Braves and the San Francisco Giants played the first two games in Atlanta, the next three games in San Francisco, and the last two games in Atlanta. In this contest, Atlanta won four of the seven games and was the winner of the series. Researchers believe that the San Francisco Giants lost because they played more games away from home and therefore had more jet lag. We know from past studies that the symptoms of jet lag are stronger when a person travels east. This is because when we travel east, our day becomes shorter, and a shorter day is more difficult to adjust to. So the players from San Francisco were at a disadvantage when they traveled east for a game in Atlanta. The researchers think that the San Francisco team had more of the symptoms caused by jet lag-problems such as headaches, tiredness, and difficulty thinking clearly. All of these symptoms could result in poor performance by baseball players. However, this is only the first study to look at the effect of jet lag on sports, and more research is needed. Other scientists say that this research doesn’t prove that jet lag causes poor performance in baseball games. This study only looked at baseball records for three years, and much more information must be studied before we can decide if the losses are truly a result of jet lag and not some other reason. What about the “home team advantage”? Yes, the positive effects of the “home team advantage” are well known. It’s much easier for a team to play a game at home where they can sleep in their own beds and where the local fans can come to the game and cheer for the team. However, jet lag adds to the disadvantage for the team that’s playing away from home. So when the San Francisco team traveled east to play in Atlanta, they were at. a disadvantage in two ways. Theywere playing away from home and they had strong jet lag from traveling east.16. How do businesspeople often feel from all their travelingAccording to the report, why did researchers study jet lag in baseball?Researchers analyzed the performance of some baseball teams. Where are these teams from?Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a symptom of jet lag?Which of the following statements is true according to the health report?36．A．Depressed and disappointed.B．Tired and sick.C．Sad and lonely.D．Confused and frustrated.正确答案：B37．A．Because they think people are usually very interested in sports.B．Because they are not interested in how jet lag affects businesspeople.C．Because baseball teams want to know how to win more games.D．Because it is difficult to measure how jet lag affects other types of travelers.正确答案：D38．A．All over the United States.B．The Eastern and Pacific time zones.C．The Pacific time zone only.D．The southern part of the country.正确答案：B39．A．Tiredness.B．Difficulty in thinking clearly.C．Stomachaches.D．Headaches.正确答案：C40．A．Teams are more likely to win when they play a game at home.B．Baseball teams from the West Coast win more games when they travel east.C．The symptoms of jet lag are stronger when a person travels west.D．This study definitely proves that jet lag causes poor performance in baseball games.正确答案：ASECTION 2 READING TESTDirections: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B, C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Pupils at GCSE are to be allowed to abandon learning traditional “hard”science, including the meaning of the periodic table, in favour of “soft” science such as the benefits of genetic engineering and healthy eating. The statutory requirement for pupils to learn a science subject will be watered down under a new curriculum introduced next year. There will be no compulsion to master the periodic table—the basis of chemistry—nor basic scientific laws that have informed the work of all the great scientists such as Newton and Einstein. The changes, which the government believes will make science more “relevant” to the 21st century, have been attacked by scientists as a “dumbing down”of the subject. In June the government had to announce financial incentives to tackle a shortage of science teachers. Academics have estimated that a fifth of science lessons are taught by teachers who are not adequately qualified. Most children now study for the double-award science GCSE, which embraces elements of biology, chemistry and physics. This GCSE will be scrapped and ministers have agreed that from next year all 14-years-old will be required to learn about the general benefits and risks of contemporary scientific developments, in a new science GCSE. A harder science GCSE will also be introduced as an optional course. One expert involved in devising the new system believes it will halve the number of state school pupils studying “hard”science. Independent schools and more talented pupils in the state sector are likely to shun the new papers in favour of the GCSEs in the individual science disciplines of physics, chemistry and biology. These will continue to require pupils to achieve an understanding of scientific principles. The new exams were devised after proposals by academics at King’s College London, who told ministers that science lessons were often “dull and boring”and required pupils to recall too many facts. Their report said: “Contemporary analyses of the labour market suggest that our future society will need a larger number of individuals with a broader understanding of science both for their work and to enable them to participate as citizens in a democratic society. “However, Professor Colin Blakemore, chief executive of the Medical Research Council, warned that reducing the “hard” science taught in schools would create problems. “I can understand the government’s motives,”he said. “There is a crisis of public confidence in science which is reducing the progress of policy on such issues as nuclear energy and stem cell research. But sixth-formers are already arriving at university without the depth of knowledge required.”Others endorse the new approach. Results at North Chadderton upper school in Oldham—one of 80 schools piloting the new “softer”GCSE, named Twenty first Century Science have improved. Martyn Overy, the head of science, said: “The proportion getting higher grades in science went up from 60% to 75%. The course kept their interest, had more project work and was more relevant. “As part of their course, the pupils studied what kind of food they needed to keep fit and healthy. Critics say it is only marginally more demanding than following the advice of Nigella Lawson, the television chef, who promotes the benefits of eating proper meals instead of snacking from the fridge. Some science teachers are skeptical. Mo Afzal, head of science at the independent Warwick school, said. “These changes will widen the gap between independent and state schools. Even the GCSE that is designed for those going on to A-level science is not as comprehensive as the test it replaces.” John Holman, director of the National Science Learning Centre at York University, who advised the government on the content of the new system, said: “The new exam is not dumbing down. The study of how science works is more of a challenge than rote learning. “SCIENCE LESSONS Out In Periodic table______ The drugs debate______ Ionic equations______ Slimming issues______ Structure of the atom______ Smoking and health______ Boyle’s law______ IVF treatment______ Ohm’s law______ Nuclear controversy______41．The phrase “watered down” in the sentence “The statutory requirement for pupils to learn a science subject will be watered down under a new curriculum introduced next year. “ (para. 1) can best be replaced by which of the following?A．removed completelyB．reduced much in forceC．revised greatlyD．reinforced to a certain extent正确答案：B42．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．The government had to use financial incentives to attract more science teachers.B．Some of the secondary school science teachers are not adequately qualified.C．The new science GCSE will include the benefits and risks of contemporary scientific developments.D．A harder science GCSE will also be introduced as a compulsory course.正确答案：D43．What is Professor Blakemore’s attitude towards the new requirement of science GCSE?A．He fully appreciates the government’s motives in revising GCSE science。
上海中级口译听力题型及难点分析新
上海中级口译听力题型及难点分析上海中级口译听力题型及难点分析发布日期：2022-06-05 发表评论信息来源：西祠胡同初级口译初级笔译中级口译中级笔译高级口译高级笔译更多精彩内容尽在竞学网口译笔译频道上海中级口译中的笔试部分，第一项就是听力测试，除了常规的听写填空以外，听力理解以外，还有一项听译，在做这些题的时候有没有什么需要特殊留意的方法和技巧呢？我们来看看本文怎么说。
上海中级口译听力题型：1. spot dictation;2. statements 10个题（4个选项中选一个与所听到的句子意思最接近的；3. talks and conversations 20个题（依据提问4个选一个答案）；4. listening translation：a. sentence translation 5句；b. passage translation 2段口译考试听力难点：口译考试听力难点1 语音（口译考试英美音兼而有之）1. 把握基本美音特点：？音变：如neither，hot，tomato，agile，ask，chance？卷舌：如term，work，teacher？弱读：如stay at home，come from China，go to school？连读：如come on in ，from A to Z？缩读：如I got to go （gotta），I'm going to do it. （gonna）does she，tell them（tell 'em）let me，get out of here？浊化：如matter，letter，butter？同化：如would you，miss you2. 中国同学在说英语时最常消失的几种错误语音（1）。
l/n：light / night（2）。
v/w：very / well（3）th：I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought.口译考试听力难点2 （Spot Dictation）听力第一部分的“spot dictation”是考生易失分的地方。
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试G1参考答案
上海英语高级口译资格证书第1阶段测试G1参考答案参考答案:SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation1. finish training 2. no atmosphere3. football players 4. Team spirit5. motivate the team 6. as individuals7. put too much pressure on them 8. too tense9. giving people autonomy 10. very rarely interfere11. on their results 12. keep on employint them13. making more substitutions 14. leave them alone15. don’t feel 16. want to discuss it17. in a couple of days’ time 18. fight back19. down to your attitude 20. waste my time on themPart B: Listening Comprehension1-5 D B C C D 6-10 C D A B C11-15 C A D D B 16-20 B B C C ASECTION 2: READING TEST1-5 D A C B D 6-10 D C A B B11-15 D B B D C 16-20 D B C D BSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST对家庭未来的担忧，其主要来源不是根植于现实，而是根植于文化上理想化的期望与现实本身之间的紧张关系。
对一种已失落的家庭传统的怀念（实际上，这种家庭传统从未存在过）影响了我们对现代社会家庭状况的了解。
因此，时下对家庭命运的担忧，不仅反映出家庭里的问题，而且也反映了对其他社会问题各种各样的忧虑，而这些社会问题最终都投射到家庭上。
3.15高级口译Spot Dictation 考题分析-口译笔译考试.doc
3.15高级口译Spot Dictation 考题分析-口译笔译考试零九年新春高级口译考试第一部分听力刚刚结束。
听力的第一道题目，是口译课堂上讲的考试十大热点中的人道主义话题之下的粮食危机，我们也静待之后的题目涉及其他九大热点话题。
对于food shortage这一话题，属于08年下半年到09年上半年的加沙地带及非洲的热点话题，也是世界范围内的焦点之一。
在高口课堂上我曾提过要大家去CNN关注这一话题。
对参加今后高级口译的同学，要抓住考试“时效性”和“实用性”的特点。
（双“S”特征）在词汇的复习上需要关注考试日期前一年的世界热点。
平时可以关注CNN或VOA的网页，一段时间内提及频率最高的话题即是该时间段的热点。
不出意外的话，09年的最热话题应该还是经济危机这一话题。
相关的经济类基本热词可以到我博客的考试专区中找到。
粮食危机这一话题的词汇不是问题。
所以对听写这一部分考试来说，重点永远是口译的基本素质-速记。
关于如何在短时间内提高基本的速记本领，我在上海考前串讲和上海模考讲评中介绍了短期能迅速突破并解决考试基本速记分数的四种方法，分别是音节法、数字法、单字母法和头尾法。
在这次考试中，尤其对音节法和单字母法的应用较多，大家可以将本次考试答案和我课堂上的高频缩写词笔记进行比较。
本题针对速记应考的策略应是抓住重点的词汇。
把一些几乎每次必考的词汇速记符号熟记于胸，先得到基本的分数。
除此之外，熟词速记后节省出的时间可使其他词汇的记录更加从容不迫。
本篇考试文章选自于网络的一篇文章：Is hunger really a problem in the United States? When Americans think about hunger, we usually think in terms of mass starvation in far-away countries, but hunger too often lurks in our own backyards. In 2004, 35.1 million people, including 12.4 million children, in the United States did not have access to enough food for an active healthy life. Some of these individuals relied on emergency food sources and some experienced hunger. Who is going hungry in the U.S.? Although most people think of hungry people and homeless people as the same, the problem of hunger reaches far beyond homelessness. While the thought of 35.1 million people being hungry or at the risk of hunger may be surprising, it is the faces of those 35.1 million individuals that would probably most shock you. The face of hunger is the older couple who has worked hard for their entire lives only to find their savings wiped out by unavoidable medical bills; or a single mother who has to choose whether the salary from her minimum wage job will go to buy food or pay rent; or a child who struggles to concentrate on his schoolwork because his family couldn’t afford dinner the night before. A December 2006 survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors estimated that 48 percent of thoserequesting emergency food assistance were either children or their parents. Aren‘t most of the people going to soup kitchens to blame for their own situation? Another study, commissioned by America‘s Second Harvest, the nation‘s largest network of food banks, found that about 36 percent of households seeking emergency food banks assistance had one or more family member currently employed. Hunger is becoming a growing problem among the working poor. Although the number of people participating in the Food Stamp Program has risen in recent years, about 40 percent of currently eligible people still do not participate, often because of they do not know that they are eligible or face various other barriers to participation. Food banks have had to help fill the gap. Indeed, America’s Second Harvest estimates that they serve over 25 million people per year, just about the same as the number of people who receive Food Stamp benefits (25.7 million). If people are willing to work, why are they still at risk of going hungry? There are various reasons many working Americans are unable to feed their families. From a broader economic perspective, we can point to the fact that the United States has the highest wage inequality of any industrialized nation. People can work full-time, low-skill jobs and still not make enough money maintain a basic standard of living-buying food, paying their rent and medical bills, buyingclothes for their children and affording a car so that they can travel to work. More than 46 million Americans do not have health insurance. Just providing food seldom gets to the roots of hunger. In the United States, food pantries provide urgently needed help. But food assistance is less important to overcoming hunger than job opportunities. Empowering people, providing them with opportunities or helping them cultivate an awareness of what they can do to improve their lives, is one of the most important ways of overcoming hunger and poverty. How does hunger affect children? Children are twice as likely to live in households where someone experiences hunger and food insecurity than adults. One in ten adults compared to one in five children live in households where someone suffers from hunger or food insecurity. Child poverty is more widespread in the United States than in any other industrialized country; at the same time, the U.S. government spends less than any industrialized country to pull its children out of poverty. We have long known that the minds and bodies of small children need adequate food to develop properly. But science is just beginning to understand the full extent of this relationship. As late as the 1980s, conventional wisdom held that only the most severe forms of malnutrition actually alter brain development. The latest empirical evidence, however, shows that even relatively "mild" undernutrition—the kind of hunger we have in the United States—produces cognitive impairments in children which can last a lifetime, according to Dr. J. Larry Brown, director of the Center on Hunger and Poverty at Brandeis University. By taking youngsters and subjecting them to hunger, we rob them of their God-given potential, Dr. Brown continues. "We then deliver them to the schoolhouse door with one arm tied behind their backs and expect teachers to perform an often-impossible task. This, in turn, results in the waste of billions of dollars we invest in the education of our children because hunger prevents so many of them from getting the full value of their educational experience." What does the global picture look like? 852 million people, mainly in developing countries, are still chronically or acutely undernourished. Although progress against hunger has been made in China and East Asia, the majority of those who are malnourished live in China (114 million) and India (221 million). But Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region in the world where hunger is increasing, with 204 million hungry. How can we prevent starvation, since bad weather and drought are obviously beyond our control? Only a small percentage of hunger deaths are caused by starvation. Most hunger-related deaths are the result of chronic undernutrition, which weakens the body‘s ability to ward off diseases, prevalent in poverty-stricken communities. Most hungrypeople have some food, just not enough food or enough of the right kinds of food. When people actually starve to death—where virtually no food is available—the cause is primarily political, not weather-related. In North Korea, untold millions starved because of the government‘s unwillingness to give up on failed economic policies. In Sudan, millions are threatened with starvation because of an ongoing military conflict that devastated the country‘s ability to produce food and because the government restricts the flow of emergency relief. At the same time India—a country that experiences chronic hunger—has eliminated the threat of famine and mass starvation. Nobel prizewinning economist Amartya Sen explains that "open journalism and adversarial politics" have made it impossible for local governments "to get away with neglecting prompt and extensive anti-famine measures at the first sign of a famine." India‘s free press and the investigative role played by journalists as well as opposition party members require politicians to prevent and respond to frequent dips in food supply and occasional drought. A story of hunger in Bangladesh Malekha Khatun‘s story reflects the situation of many women in developing countries. Born in the village of Dhemsha in Bangladesh, she lost her father, the family‘s wage-earner, when she was very young. Malekha, her younger brother and mother slept outside since they had no house. Inthis wet climate, they got soaked when it rained unless someone else offered shelter. Her childhood was spent helping her mother work to earn money, attending a few years of school and witnessing the death of her nine-year-old brother from fever. At 14, Malekha was married off to a man from another village for a small dowry equaling about nine U.S. dollars. She became pregnant right away and lived with her husband‘s family, while he left to work as a menial laborer so he could send money back to her and the baby. Upon his return, she became pregnant again. When Malekha‘s husband left a second time, she received no money or word from him. Left on her own with two small children and no means of income, her youngest child died of malnutrition and diarrhea. Malekha worked at a variety of jobs in order to support herself, becoming skilled at knitting and making nets. She moved out of the home of her husband‘s family to live with her mother. Hard work and resourcefulness enabled her to run a small grocery store, but competition caused her business to suffer and she sometimes had to fall back on begging. Malekha‘s constant hard work and industriousness could not overcome the poverty and hunger that shadow a woman alone at the bottom rung of an already poor nation. For all her struggling, Malekha ended up with no food to feed herself, no umbrella to protect her from the rain and only one sari to her name. A story of hunger in HondurasRicardo Cabrera lives with his wife and seven children in a small hut in Marcala, Honduras. Cabrera sums up his life: "Yes, I am a poor man. Bastante, bastante, bastante (a lot, a lot, a lot)." To provide a meager living for his family, he works hard in the fields, along with his children. Half the year he works for the large landowners and half the year he works on his own farm growing food for his family and coffee to sell. Ricardo says, "at the time I was born, people in the mountains were dying of hunger. I had three brothers and a sister; two brothers died of fever. My parents worked from six in the morning to six in the evening. It‘s the rich who don‘t work." When he was 21 and newly married, Ricardo was drafted into the army. After taxes, food money, clothes and medicine were subtracted from his pay, he had only 25 cents a month to send home to his new wife. He has worked hard to get to where he is today, though he is still, as he says, a poor man. "Make no mistake," Ricardo says. My people and I don‘t want any sweet music. We want our children to be educated, we want to know how to farm better. We don‘t want to be cheated" Is it really possible to end hunger in the world? Hunger does not exist because the world does not produce enough food. We have the experience and the technology right now to end the problem. The challenge we face is not production of food and wealth, but more equitable distribution. It would take a modest effort to endhunger and malnutrition worldwide. Hunger is a political condition. And so the key to overcoming hunger is to change the politics of hunger.1 2。
上海英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试E1参考答案
参考答案: SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation 1. the majority of employees 2. that affect them 3. two-way communication 4. within the company 5. set in motion 6. between managers and staff 7. value consultation with our workforce 8. to perform effectively 9. know the basic facts 10. more efficient 11. give you one example 12. new products 13. some outline about a company’s profit 14. its competitors 15. future product plans 16. hear about it 17. ignore the face 18. communicate with supervisors 19. what is going on 20. they haven’t been told formally Part B: Listening Comprehension 1-5 B D C A C 6-10 C B C A C 11-15 C A D A D 16-20 A B D A C SECTION 2: READING TEST 1-5 D D B C B 6-10 B C B D A 11-15 C D B A D 16-20 D B C C B SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST 如果各公司断然采取西⽴国家裁员的做法以增加利润，⽇本⼀度令⼈羡慕的失业率将上升⾄两位数。
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关于上海高级口译证书考试的问答
今天解答两位小朋友关于上海高级口译证书考试的问题，第一个是关于备考的问题，第二个是针对特定题型(spot-dictation)的具体问题。
1.最近做了从2011-2014年的真题，然后找不到近两年的真题了。
请问您那有吗？
笔试
题目共6个section，可以分开做，但是每个部分必须限时。
没有最近的真题不要紧，多看往年的题，或者是其他来源的题目都是一样的。
口试
我自己没有做过真题，买了真题，但是中间的停顿不够，就没有做了。
推荐XDF的《中高级口译备考精要》。
这本书高级部分的22套题(如果没记错)，我每套都练习了至少2遍，多数都3遍，有的还4遍。
建议大家：每次练习必须录音，完全按照考试的要求，千万要遏制住倒回去再听一遍的冲动。
考试是没有机会听第二遍的，这个大家都知道。
另外，每天录音至少2小时以上，我当时是口试前狂练一周，每天录音在3小时以上，如果你备考时间较长，也应该每天录音1小时以上。
量变才能质变，同样是大家都懂的道理。
2.感觉真题中每年都会考到原题，翻译部分三月份不考九月份肯定考原题，我特别想知道三月份考原题了吗？
我是15年3月考的笔试，5月口试。
笔试考原题的可能性没有，口试考原题也几乎没有，但是四段话中会有一段跟官方教材《高级口译教程》中的类似。
3.感觉听译部分理能解但记忆有点差，怎么提高？
如果觉得听懂了，但是记不下，就要在口译笔记上下功夫了。
这部分如果单凭脑记，放在考试的紧张状态下，想记下来很难。
4.词汇方面，您有什么好的推荐或者资料吗？感觉词汇书太泛了，可能来不及看。
任何词汇书多多少少都这样，你可以在书上自己挑出重点来记。
另外，词汇积累不是一朝一夕的功夫，临时记下的考试时候还能碰上并想起来的概率是很小的。
................................................................
关于笔试阶段spot-dictation题型的困惑及解答。
1. 能听懂大概，却记不下来。
这个“大概”有点不妙，最起码要听懂95%以上。
How：试卷拿到手，名字什么的写完，就赶紧开始看文章，播放题目要求也是相当可观的一段时间，要利用好，争取在正式听文章之前已经把文章读过一遍。
2. 记的时候会忽略下面内容
起步阶段常有的现象。
How：文章开始播放时，眼睛就盯住第一个空前的单词或词组，这个空完了后视线赶紧移到第二个空之前的词。
要形成条件反射一般，一听到到了你瞅的那个词了，赶紧动笔。
3. 记的是首字母的话，回忆不起当时的单词。
原因：
1.文章本来意思比较模糊，你回头填写时候不能给你提供大语境。
2.首字母记录法不是很科学，因为确实不好辨认。
How：
1.如问题1的solution.
2.练习科学的缩写方法。
这个跟口译笔记类似，自己总结一套。
比如总统，你只写P，到时候回忆起来的几率很少。
我每次是写pre，右上角画小圈表示人。
3.充分利用文章已有的内容。
有时候你会发现空上要填的词在上一行出现过，赶紧划个箭头指下来。
这就要锻炼盯着空的同时眼睛余光要适当看四周。
4.在空上记的时候开始注意空后的词，不要写超了，白白耽误时间。
5.脑记为主。
比如说，in the coming 5 years, 我一般划向右箭头，写5y就够了，因为这差不多是固定说法了。
如果你怕回忆不起有几次单词，可以用短横线等任何标记占位。