pajek 中文使用手册
pajek中文使用手册

Pajek分析和可视化大型网络的程序参考手册List of commands with short explanatio nversion 1.16Vladimir Batagelj and Andrej Mrvar翻译:先红、一生有我、傻大师、沧海回眸、AndyChang、comp network、遥遥、大头、三叶草整理:饭团Ljubljana, October 4, 20061996, 2006 V. Batagelj, A. Mrvar. Free for noncommercial use.PdfLaTex version October 1, 2003Vladimir BatageljDepartment of Mathematics, FMF University of Ljubljana, Slovenia http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/****************************.siAndrej MrvarFaculty of Social Sciences University of Ljubljana, Slovenia http://mrvar.fdv.uni-lj.si/***********************.si目录1.Paje k介绍 (1)2.数据对象 (3)3 主窗口工具栏 (7)3.1 File(文件) (7)3.2 N et(网络) (11)3.3 N ets(网) (26)3.4 Operation(操作) (28)3.5 Partitio n(分类) (34)3.6 Partitions(分类) (35)3.7 Vector(向量) (35)3.8 V ect ors(向量) (36)3.9 Permutation(排序) (37)3.10 Cluster(类) (37)3.11 Hierarchy(层次) (37)3.12 Options(选项) (38)3.13 Info(信息) (40)3.14 Tools(工具) (40)4 绘图窗口工具 (42)4.1 主窗口绘图工具 (42)4.2 Layout(布局) (42)4.3 Layers(图层) (43)4.4 GraphOn l y(仅图形) (44)4.5 Previous(退回到前一次操作) (44)4.6 Redraw(重绘) (44)4.7 N ext(下一步) (44)4.8 Options(选项) (45)4.9 Export (导出) (47)4.10 Spin(旋转) (49)4.11 Mo ve(移动) (49)4.12 Info (信息) (49)5 Exports to E PS/SVG/VRML (50)5.1 Defaults (默认值) (50)5.2 Parameters in EPS,SVG and VRML Defaults Window(在EPS/SVG/VRML默认窗口中的参数) (50)5.3 Exporting Pictures to EPS/SVG —在输入文件中定义参数 (52)6 在Pajek中使用Macros(宏) (57)6.1 什么是Macro(宏)? (57)6.2 怎样标明一段宏? (57)6.3 如何运行宏? (57)6.4 例子 (57)6.5 重复最后的命令 (57)附加信息 (59)希望对使用Pajek 进行网络分析有一个概览,请阅读NICTA 工作室的幻灯片:Batagelj V.: Workshop on Network Analysis, Sydney, Australia: 14th to 17th June 2005; at Nicta (National ICT Australia). http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/doc/#NICTA2.数据对象Pajek 是专门用来分析大型网络(含有成百上千个结点)的专用程序。
pajek使用手册

pajek使用手册Pajek使用手册1:简介1.1 Pajek是什么?1.2 Pajek的特点和优势1.3 Pajek的主要应用领域2:安装与配置2.1 和安装Pajek2.2 配置Pajek的环境变量2.3 打开Pajek界面3:数据导入与导出3.1 导入网络数据3.2 导入节点属性数据3.3 导入边属性数据3.4 导出网络数据3.5 导出分析结果4:基本操作4.1 创建新项目4.2 打开已有项目4.3 添加、删除和编辑节点4.4 添加、删除和编辑边4.5 设置节点和边属性4.6 图形操作:缩放、平移、旋转和放大 4.7 保存和关闭项目5:网络分析5.1 度分布分析5.2 群聚系数分析5.3 中心性分析5.4 社区检测算法5.5 强连通分量分析5.6 可视化网络分析结果5.7 导出分析结果数据6:高级功能6.1 模型拟合与预测6.2 动态网络分析6.3 多网络拓扑分析6.4 插件和扩展功能7:常见问题与解决方案7.1 Pajek运行缓慢怎么办?7.2 如何导入大规模网络数据?7.3 如何处理缺失数据?7.4 如何解释分析结果?8:附件本文档附带的附件包括演示数据、示例项目和额外资料,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用Pajek。
9:法律名词及注释- 知识产权:指人们在创作上所享有的权益。
- 数据隐私:指对个人或组织的数据进行保护,防止未经授权的访问和使用。
- 著作权:指对文学、艺术作品享有的独占权利。
- 许可证:指授权他人使用某一产品或服务的合法凭证。
注:本文档仅供参考使用,未经许可不得用于商业目的。
Pajek操作手册

2 Pajek 的主要特点
简单的说,Pajek 的特点主要表现在三个方面。在本章的三小节中将一一简单介绍。
2.1 计算的快速性
Pajek 为用户提供了一整套快速有效的算法,可用于分析大型的(节点书数以万计的)
一般来说,图的分类有两种方法。根据图中的边是否具有方向性,可以将图分为有向图 和无向图两种。实际上,当我们忽略边的方向的时候,或者反过来看认为任何一条边都是双 向的时候,有向图就成为无向图。因此,关于无向图的所有性质都可以在有向图中研究。另 外,根据图中是否考虑各条边的权重,可以将它分为有权图和无权图。同样地,如果将有权 图的各边权值都设为 1,有权图就称为无权图。因此,关于无权图的所有性质也可以在有权
used sequence of elementary operations as a macro and run it as a single command. Using systems of macros, Pajek is adapted to special groups of users. In this article, with some typical examples, the main applications of Pajek are discussed to analysis the topology of complex networks.
复杂网络仿真平台
摘要
复杂网络的概念已经在计算机、生物、物理以及社会科学等各个领域中得到广泛的应用。 尽管复杂网络的类型举不胜举,但是所有的复杂网络都可以用共同的模型——图来描述。 Pajek 以网络图的模型为基础,以六种数据类型为形式,以其快速有效性和人性化的特点, 为复杂网络的分析提供了一个仿真平台。它集成了一系列快速有效的算法用于分析复杂网络 的拓扑结构,包括从局部的角度分析网络节点和边的性质、利用抽象化的手段分析网络的全 局结构、实现各种类型网络图之间的相互转换以及随即图的生成等。Pajek 利用一个三维的 可视化界面,为用户提供了一系列可视化工具。允许用户通过手动或者自动的调节节点位置、 旋转网络图等方法,从视觉的角度直观地分析网络模型。此外,Pajek 中的宏文件允许用户 将一系列常用的操作保存为一个文件,从而能够有效地满足各种类型用户的不同需求。本文 将结合具体的实例,分章节讨论 Pajek 在分析复杂网络拓扑结构中的应用。
Pajek操作手册(新)

摘要
复杂网络的概念已经在计算机、 生物、 物理以及社会科学等各个领域中得到广泛的应用。 尽管复杂网络的类型举不胜举,但是所有的复杂网络都可以用共同的模型——图来描述。 Pajek 以网络图的模型为基础,以六种数据类型为形式,以其快速有效性和人性化的特点, 为复杂网络的分析提供了一个仿真平台。 它集成了一系列快速有效的算法用于分析复杂网络 的拓扑结构, 包括从局部的角度分析网络节点和边的性质、 利用抽象化的手段分析网络的全 局结构、实现各种类型网络图之间的相互转换以及随即图的生成等。Pajek 利用一个三维的 可视化界面, 为用户提供了一系列可视化工具。 允许用户通过手动或者自动的调节节点位置、 旋转网络图等方法,从视觉的角度直观地分析网络模型。此外,Pajek 中的宏文件允许用户 将一系列常用的操作保存为一个文件, 从而能够有效地满足各种类型用户的不同需求。 本文 将结合具体的实例,分章节讨论 Pajek 在分析复杂网络拓扑结构中的应用。
used sequence of elementary operations as a macro and run it as a single command. Using systems of macros, Pajek is adapted to special groups of users. In this article, with some typical examples, the main applications of Pajek are discussed to analysis the topology of complex networks.
1.2 Pajek 的产生背景
与一般计算机图的结构相比, 复杂网络的复杂性最主要表现在节点数目庞大, 通常达到 几千甚至几万个。比如,一个大型的家谱图,它的节点数(即人数)可以达到一万个。另外, 一个高分子的结构图中,通常也包含几千个原子。因此,复杂网络的结构比一般的计算机图 的结构要复杂得多。目前,虽然已经存在不少算法来对复杂网络的这种拓扑结构进行分析, 但它们通常都是基于复杂网络的矩阵表达形式, 因而非常耗时耗空间, 它们仅仅适用于中等 规模(即节点数为几百)的网络。因此,当务之急就是需要一种快速有效的软件来分析和仿 真复杂网络。Pajek 就是这样一种软件[13]。 Pajek 在斯拉夫语中表示的意思是“蜘蛛” 。众所周知,蜘蛛是生物中的织网高手,它编 织网络的能力令人叹为观止。而 Pajek 这个软件不仅为用户提供了一整套快速有效的用来分 析复杂网络的算法, 而且还提供了一个可视化的界面。 让用户可以从视觉的角度更加直观地 了解复杂网络的结构特性。 接下来的几个章节,第二章简单介绍了 Pajek 功能的三个主要特点;第三章中初步介绍 了 Pajek 的六种数据类型;第四章到第七章将结合复杂网络的拓扑结构特点详细分析 Pajek 的功能,并且给出具体的应用实例;第八章讨论了 Pajek 的可视化特点,从视觉的角度分析 复杂网络图的结构;第九章介绍了 Pajek 中宏文件的应用。
派贝克服装CAD操作手册2009

目录目录 (1)第一章系统介绍 (3)第一节派贝克®(PAYBACK)服装CAD系统简介 (3)第二节派贝克®(PAYBACK)服装CAD系统制作流程 (3)第三节派贝克®(PAYBACK)服装CAD系统的价值 (4)第二章软件操作说明(基础编) (5)第一节菜单栏介绍 (5)一.文件 (5)二.素材库 (5)三.输入 (7)四.系统设置 (9)五.尺码表 (11)第二节纸样中心 (12)一.纸样中心常用工具 (12)二.纸样中心专用工具 (15)I.画线工具组: (15)II.求点工具组: (18)III.专用工具组 (19)IV.点线编辑工具组 (21)V.省褶工具组; (23)VI.生成裁片 (26)第三节裁片中心 (26)一.裁片中心常用工具 (26)二.裁片中心专用工具 (29)I.裁片标识 (29)II.工艺线 (31)III.裁片分割 (32)IV.褶裥 (33)V.旋转修整 (34)VI.放码 (35)第四节排料中心 (38)一.设置 (38)二.排料 (39)三.显示 (40)四.检测 (41)五.清除 (41)六.对条格 (41)七.排料报告 (41)八.其它 (42)九.裁片区 (43)十.混排 (44)第五节打印输出 (44)一.绘图仪输出 (44)二.切割机输出 (46)三.打印机输出 (46)第六节文件格式转换 (47)一.PLT格式文件 (47)二.DXF格式文件 (47)I.打开DXF格式文件 (47)II.保存DXF格式文件 (47)三.裁床格式文件 (47)第七节帮助 (48)一.主题 (48)二.快捷键列表 (48)I.文件处理快捷键 (48)II.纸样中心快捷键 (48)III.显示快捷键 (48)IV.裁片中心快捷键 (49)V.排料中心快捷键 (49)三.关于 (49)第三章智能模式(高级编) (50)第一节纸样设计 (50)一.绘图功能 (50)二.编辑功能 (52)三.特殊功能 (55)四.右键菜单 (57)第二节裁片处理 (58)一.缝边标记 (58)二.缝角处理 (60)三.内部线及工艺线设置 (61)四.裁片分割 (62)五.移动裁片 (62)六.点放码 (62)七.右键菜单功能 (65)八.空白处右键功能 (67)第三节快捷键功能 (69)第四章实例 (69)第一节女短裙 (69)第二节女裤 (73)第三节女衬衫 (81)第四节八片开身西服 (86)第一章系统介绍第一节派贝克®(payback)服装CAD系统简介由上海千派服装科技有限公司最新推出的派贝克®(payback)智能服装CAD系统是至今为止智能化程度最高的服装CAD系统。
Parker K2 Quick Couplings Pneumatic 系列产品说明说明书

Quick Couplings — Pneumatic10 Series (Tru-Flate Interchange) 20 Series (Industrial Interchange) 30 Series (Push To Connect)GF Series (Special Purpose Propane)HF Series (Industrial Interchange) 50 Series (ARO 210 Interchange) 70 Series (Lincoln Interchange) UC Series (Universal Coupler) Tool-Mate SeriesE-z-mate SeriesIndustrial Interchange Nipples RF Series (High Flow European Interchange)Link to Section Table of Contents Link to Master Table of ContentsQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : V i s u a l I n d e xTable of ContentsFor Selection Guide, Media Chart, and complete descriptions, specifications and performance charts, contact your Authorized Parker Fleet Distributor or consult Catalog 3800.General Description ................................................................................................................K2Visual Index ............................................................................................................................K310 Series (T ru-Flate Interchange) . .........................................................................................K6May be used only with 10 Series Nipples. Rated pressure 300 psi. Temperature ranges -40°F to +250°F .Vacuum data: Disconnected — not recommended; Connected — 27.4 inches Hg 20 Series (Industrial Interchange). ..........................................................................................K7 Sleeve type Couplers will interchange push-type Couplers and other manufacturers’ Couplers which accept Industrial Interchange “&” Nipples that conform to MIL-C4109. Rated pressure 300 psi. Temperature ranges -40°F to +250°F .Vacuum data: Disconnected — not recommended; Connected — 27.4 inches Hg 30 Series ................................................................................................................................K7Push To Connect GF Series – Natural & Propane Gas ......................................................................................K8Special Purpose Propane HF Series (Industrial Interchange). .........................................................................................K8Push type coupler which will accept the Industrial Interchange Nipples that conform to MIL-C-4109. Rated pressure 300 psi. Temperature ranges -40°F to 250°F .50 Series (ARO 210 Interchange) ..........................................................................................K9Rated pressure 300 psi. T emperature ranges -40°F to +250°F .Interchanges with ARO 210 and similar design Couplers and Nipples.70 Series (Lincoln Interchange) ..............................................................................................K9Rated pressure 300 psi. T emperature ranges -40°F to +250°F . Interchanges with Lincoln “Long Stem” series couplings.UC Series (Universal Coupler) ...............................................................................................K9Universal design interchangeable with 10 Series, 20 Series and 50 Series Nipples. Rated pressure 150 psi.Tool-Mate Series ...................................................................................................................K10PBS Tool-Mate Series is built to the Industrial Interchange profile.PES Tool-Mate Series is designed for use with high flow RF Series Nipples. Exhaust style T ool-Mate Couplers meet the ISO 4414 specification to allow trapped air pressure to be vented prior to disconnection.E-z-mate Series ....................................................................................................................K10Rated pressure 300 psi. Push-to-connect, exhaust-style coupler.Use industrial 20 Series interchange Nipples.Industrial Interchange Nipples ..............................................................................................K11Q u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : V i s u a l I n d e xRF Series ..............................................................................................................................K12High Flow European Interchange“How to Order” Information ......................................................................................................16Chemical Compatibility Guide..................................................................O10, Visual Index10 Series Couplers, Tru-Flate Design*Female Pipe Threadpage K6Male Pipe Threadpage K6Standard Hose Barbpage K6Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K6Female Pipe Threadpage K6Male Pipe Threadpage K6Standard Hose Barbpage K6Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K6Repair Kits page K620 Series Couplers*Female Pipe Threadpage K7Male Pipe Threadpage K7Standard Hose Barbpage K7Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K7Repair Kits page K730 Series Couplers*Female Pipe Threadpage K7Male Pipe Threadpage K7Standard Hose Barbpage K7Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K7CouplersNipplesRepair KitsCouplersRepair KitsCouplersQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : V i s u a l I n d e xGF Series – Natural & Propane Gas*Couplerspage K8Nipplespage K8HF Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K8Male Pipe Threadpage K8Standard Hose Barbpage K8Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K8Female Pipe Threadpage K8Male Pipe Threadpage K8Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K850 Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K9Male Pipe Threadpage K9Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K9Female Pipe Threadpage K9Male Pipe Threadpage K9Standard Hose Barbpage K9Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K970 Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K9Male Pipe Threadpage K9Female Pipe Threadpage K9Male Pipe Threadpage K9UC Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K9Male Pipe Threadpage K9Couplers Nipples1/4", 3/8", 1/2"Body Size CouplersHeavy Duty CouplersCouplersNipplesCouplers NipplesCouplersQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : V i s u a l I n d e xTool-Mate Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K10Male Pipe Threadpage K10Female Pipe Threadpage K10Male Pipe Threadpage K10Female Pipe Threadpage K10Male Pipe Threadpage K10Female Pipe Threadpage K10Male Pipe Threadpage K10E-z-mate Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K10Male Pipe Threadpage K10Standard Hose Barbpage K10Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K10Industrial Interchange NipplesFemale Pipe Threadpage K11Male Pipe Threadpage K11Standard Hose Barbpage K11Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K11RF Series CouplersFemale Pipe Threadpage K12Male Pipe Threadpage K12Standard Hose Barbpage K12Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K12Female Pipe Threadpage K12Male Pipe Threadpage K12Standard Hose Barbpage K12Push-Lok Hose Barbpage K12Industrial Interchange RFInterchangeExhaust Industrial Inter- changeExhaust RF InterchangeCouplersNipplesCouplersNipplesQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : 10 S e r i e s C o u p l e r s , T r u -F l a t e D e s i g nRepair KitsPart Number Body Size Seal Material 21K 1/4Nitrile21KW 1/4Ethylene Propylene 21KY 1/4Fluorocarbon 14K 3/8Nitrile14KW 3/8Ethylene Propylene 14KY 3/8Fluorocarbon 16K 1/2Nitrile16KW 1/2Ethylene Propylene 16KY1/2FluorocarbonPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size B13A –1/41/8-27 NPTF B13 –1/41/4-18 NPTF B13E –1/43/8-18 NPTF –15C 3/81/4-18 NPTF B15*153/83/8-18 NPTF –15F 3/81/2-14 NPTF –17E 1/23/8-18 NPTF B17*171/21/2-14 NPTF –17G1/23/4-14 NPTF* Coupler has Brass body and steel sleeve.CouplerFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size B12A –1/41/8-27 NPTF B12 –1/41/4-18 NPTF B12E –1/43/8-18 NPTF –14C 3/81/4-18 NPTF B14*143/83/8-18 NPTF –14F 3/81/2-14 NPTF –16E 1/23/8-18 NPTF B16*161/21/2-14 NPTF –16G1/23/4-14 NPTF* Coupler has Brass body and steel sleeve.CouplerMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Hose ID B10-3B –1/41/4B10-4B –1/45/16B10-5B –1/43/8 –14-5B 3/83/8 –14-6B 3/81/2 –16-5B 1/23/8 –16-6B 1/21/2 –16-7B1/23/4Add suffix “N” to Brass coupler Part Number for stainless steel springs and locking balls (ie B15N).Add suffix “-SL” for Sleeve-Lok option.Add suffix “R” for grip-ring sleeve (1/4” size only).CouplerStandard Hose BarbPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Hose ID B10-3BP –1/41/4B10-5BP –1/43/8 –14-5BP 3/83/8 –16-5BP 1/23/8 –16-6BP1/21/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.CouplerPush-Lok Hose Barb*NipplesFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size –1C 1/41/8-27 NPTF B3C 3C 1/41/4-18 NPTF –3C-E 1/43/8-18 NPTF –1E 3/81/4-18 NPTF –3E 3/83/8-18 NPTF –1F 1/23/8-18 NPTF –3F 1/21/2-14 NPTF –H3F-G1/23/4-14 NPTFPart Number Brass Part Number Steel PartNumberStainlessBodySizeThread Size –0C 1/41/8-27 NPTFB2C 2C S2C 1/41/4-18 NPTF –2C-E –1/43/8-18 NPTF –0E –3/81/4-18 NPTF –2E –3/83/8-18 NPTF –0F –1/23/8-18 NPTF –2F –1/21/2-14 NPTF –H2F-G –1/23/4-14 NPTFNipplesMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Steel Body Size Hose ID 8C 1/41/49C 1/43/85E 3/83/8H4F 1/23/85F 1/21/2H5F-G1/23/4NipplesStandard Hose BarbPart Number Steel Body Size Hose ID 8CP 1/41/49CP 1/43/85EP 3/83/8H4FP 1/23/8H5FP1/21/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.NipplesPush-Lok Hose Barb*10 Series Couplers, Tru-Flate DesignQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : 20 S e r i e s C o u p l e r s , 30 S e r i e s C o u p l e r sPart Number Brass Part Number SteelPartNumber Stainless Steel (303)Body Size Thread Size B23A – –1/41/8-27 NPTFB23 –S231/41/4-18 NPTF B23E – –1/43/8-18 NPTF –25C –3/81/4-18 NPTF B2525 –3/83/8-18 NPTF –25F –3/81/2-14 NPTF –17E –1/23/8-18 NPTF B1717 –1/21/2-14 NPTF –17G–1/23/4-14 NPTFFemale Pipe Thread–24-5BP 3/83/8 –16-5BP 1/23/8 –16-6BP 1/21/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.Note: See Table of Contents for pneumaticIndustrial Interchange nipples used with 20 Series couplers.Couplers Push-Lok Hose Barb*Part Number Brass Part Number Steel Part NumberStainlessSteel (303)BodySizeThread SizeB22A – –1/41/8-27 NPTFB22 –S221/41/4-18 NPTF B22E – –1/43/8-18 NPTF –24C –3/81/4-18 NPTF B2424 –3/83/8-18 NPTF –24F –3/81/2-14 NPTF –16E –1/23/8-18 NPTF B1616 –1/21/2-14 NPTF –16G–1/23/4-14 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart NumberBody Size Seal Material21K 1/4Nitrile21KW 1/4Ethylene Propylene 21KY 1/4Fluorocarbon 14K 3/8Nitrile14KW 3/8Ethylene Propylene 14KY 3/8Fluorocarbon 16K 1/2Nitrile16KW 1/2Ethylene Propylene 16KY 1/2Fluorocarbon 38K 3/4Nitrile38KW 3/4Ethylene Propylene 38KY3/4FluorocarbonRepair KitsPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Hose ID B20-3B –1/41/4B20-4B –1/45/16B20-5B –1/43/8 –24-5B 3/83/8 –24-6B 3/81/2 –16-5B 1/23/8 –16-6B 1/21/2 –16-7B1/23/4CouplersStandard Hose BarbPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size B33A 1/41/8-27 NPTF B331/41/4-18 NPTF B33E 1/43/8-18 NPTF B35C 3/81/4-18 NPTF B353/83/8-18 NPTF B35F 3/81/2-14 NPTF B37E 1/23/8-18 NPTF B371/21/2-14 NPTF B37G 1/23/4-14 NPTF B39F 3/41/2-14 NPTF B393/43/4-14 NPTF B39J3/41-11 1/2 NPTFCouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size Hose ID B30-3B 1/41/4B30-4B 1/45/16B30-5B 1/43/8B34-5B 3/83/8B34-6B 3/81/2B36-6B 1/21/2B36-7B 1/23/4B38-7B 3/43/4B38-8B3/41CouplersStandard Hose BarbPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size B32A 1/41/8-27 NPTF B321/41/4-18 NPTF B32E 1/43/8-18 NPTF B34C 3/81/4-18 NPTF B343/83/8-18 NPTF B34F 3/81/2-14 NPTF B36E 1/23/8-18 NPTF B361/21/2-14 NPTF B36G 1/23/4-14 NPTF B383/43/4-14 NPTF B38J3/41-11 1/2 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size Hose ID B30-3BP 1/41/4B30-5BP 1/43/8B34-5BP 3/83/8B36-6BP1/21/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.CouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*30 Series Couplers 20 Series CouplersQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : G F S e r i e s – N a t u r a l & P r o p a n e G a s , H F S e r i e s C o u p l e r sPart Number Brass Body Size Port End BVGFC4-4F 1/41/4-18 NPTF BVGFC6-6F 3/83/8-18 NPTF BVGF-1C8-8F 1/21/2-14 NPTF BVGF-1C12-12F 3/43/4-14 NPTF BVGFC16-16F 11-11-1/2 NPTF BVGFC20-20F1-1/41-1/4-11-1/2 NPTFCouplersPart Number BrassBody Size Port End BPGFN4-4F 1/41/4-18 NPTF BPGFN6-6F 3/83/8-18 NPTF BPGF-1N8-8F 1/21/2-14 NPTF BPGF-1N12-12F 3/43/4-14 NPTF BPGFN16-16F 11-11-1/2 NPTF BPGFN20-20F1-1/41-1/4-11-1/2 NPTFNipplesPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size HF-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPSF HF-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPSF HF-371-4FP 3/81/4-18 NPSF HF-371-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPSF HF-371-8FP 3/81/2-14 NPTF HF-501-8FP 1/21/2-14 NPTF1/4", 3/8", 1/2" Body Size CouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart NumberBrass Body Size Thread Size HF-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF HF-251-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF HF-371-4MP 3/81/4-18 NPTF HF-371-6MP 3/83/8-18 NPTF HF-371-8MP 3/81/2-14 NPTF HF-501-8MP 1/21/2-14 NPTF1/4", 3/8", 1/2" Body Size CouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size ID HF-251-4HB 1/41/4HF-251-6HB 1/43/8HF-371-6HB 3/83/8HF-371-8HB 3/81/21/4", 3/8" Body Size CouplersStandard Hose BarbPart Number Brass Body Size Hose ID HF-251-4PL 1/41/4HF-251-6PL 1/43/8HF-371-6PL 3/83/8HF-371-8PL 3/81/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.1/4", 3/8" Body Size CouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size HF-251-4FP-S 1/41/4-18 NPSF HF-251-6FP-S 1/43/8-18 NPSF HF-371-4FP-S 3/81/4-18 NPSF HF-371-6FP-S 3/83/8-18 NPSF HF-371-8FP-S 3/81/2-14 NPTFHeavy Duty CouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number SteelBody Size HF-251-4MP-S 1/41/4-18 NPTF HF-251-6MP-S 1/43/8-18 NPTF HF-371-4MP-S 3/81/4-18 NPTF HF-371-6MP-S 3/83/8-18 NPTF HF-371-8MP-S 3/81/2-14 NPTFHeavy Duty CouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart Number SteelBody Size HF-251-4PL-S 1/41/4HF-251-6PL-S 1/43/8HF-371-6PL-S 3/83/8HF-371-8PL-S 3/81/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.Heavy Duty CouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*HF Series Couplers GF Series – Natural & Propane GasQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : 50 S e r i e s C o u p l e r s , 70 S e r i e s , U C S e r i e s – U n i v e r s a l C o u p l e r sPart Number Steel Body Size Hose ID A8CP1/41/4* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.**This dimension represents portion of nipple that is exposed when nipple is inserted in a Parker 50 Series couplerPart Number Steel Body Size Hose ID A8C1/41/4Part Number Brass Body Size Thread Size B531/41/4-18 NPTF B53E1/43/8-18 NPTFCouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Steel Body Size Thread Size A2C1/41/4-18 NPTFNipplesMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size B521/41/4-18 NPTF B52E1/43/8-18 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe ThreadNipplesStandard Hose BarbPart Number Brass Body Size Hose ID B50-3BP 1/41/4B50-5BP 1/43/8* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.CouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*NipplesPush-Lok Hose Barb*Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size A3C1/41/4-18 NPTFNipplesFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body SizeThread Size B731/41/4-18 NPTFCouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size B721/41/4-18 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Steel Body Size Thread Size L3C1/41/4-18 NPTFNipplesFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Steel Body Size Thread Size L2C1/41/4-18 NPTF* This dimension represents portion of nipple that is exposed when nipple is inserted in a Parker 70 Series coupler.NipplesMale Pipe Thread70 Series Couplers UC Series CouplersPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size UC-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPSF UC-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPSFCouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size UC-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF UC-251-6MP1/43/8-18 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe Thread50 Series CouplersQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : T o o l -M a t e S e r i e s C o u p l e r s , E -z -m a t e S e r i e s C o u p l e r sPart Number Body Size Thread Size PER-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PER-251-6MP1/43/8-18 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PER-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PER-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PBH-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PBH-251-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF PBH-371-4MP 3/81/4-18 NPTF PBH-371-6MP 3/83/8-18 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PBH-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PBH-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTF PBH-371-4FP3/81/4-18 NPTF PBH-371-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPTF PBH-371-8FP 3/81/2-14 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PBS-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PBS-251-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF PBS-371-6MP 3/83/8-18 NPTF PBS-371-8MP 3/81/2-14 NPTF PBS-501-8MP 1/21/2-14 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PES-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size PBS-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPTF PBS-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTF PBS-371-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPTF PBS-371-8FP 3/81/2-14 NPTF PBS-501-6FP 1/23/8-18 NPTF PBS-501-8FP 1/21/2-14 NPTF PBS-501-12FP 1/23/4-14 NPTFIndustrial InterchangeFemale Pipe ThreadIndustrial Interchange Male Pipe ThreadRF InterchangeFemale Pipe ThreadRF InterchangeMale Pipe ThreadExhaust Industrial InterchangeFemale Pipe ThreadExhaust IndustrialInterchangeMale Pipe ThreadExhaust RF InterchangeFemale Pipe ThreadExhaust RF InterchangeMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Body Size Thread Size PES-251-4MP1/41/4-18 NPTFPart Number Body Size Thread Size EZ-251-4FP1/41/4-18 NPTF EZ-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTF EZ-371-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPTF EZ-371-8FP 3/81/2-14 NPTF EZ-501-8FP 1/21/2-14 NPTF EZ-501-12FP 1/23/4-14 NPTF EZ-751-12FP 3/43/4-14 NPTF EZ-751-16FP3/41-11 1/2 NPTFCouplersFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Body Size Hose ID EZ-251-4PL 1/41/4EZ-251-6PL 1/43/8EZ-371-6PL 3/83/8EZ-501-8PL1/21/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.CouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*Part Number Body Size Thread Size EZ-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF EZ-251-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF EZ-371-6MP 3/83/8-18 NPTF EZ-501-8MP1/21/2-14 NPTF EZ-751-12MP3/43/4-14 NPTFCouplersMale Pipe ThreadPart Number Body Size Hose ID EZ-251-4HB 1/41/4EZ-251-6HB 1/43/8EZ-371-6HB 3/83/8EZ-501-8HB1/21/2CouplersStandard Hose BarbE-z-mate Series Couplers Tool-Mate Series CouplersQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : I n d u s t r i a l I n t e r c h a n g e N i p p l esPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Part Number Stainless Steel (303)Body Size Hose ID –H8C –1/41/4 – –SH8C 1/41/4 –H8C-D –1/45/16 –H9C SH9C 1/43/8 –H5E –3/83/8 –H6E –3/81/2 –H4F –1/23/8 –H5F –1/21/2 –H5F-G –1/23/4 –H5G-F –3/41/2BH5G H5G –3/43/4 –H5G-J–3/41PartNumber Brass Part Number Steel Body Size Hose ID BH8CP H8CP 1/41/4 –H9CP 1/43/8 –H4EP 3/81/4 –H5EP 3/83/8 –H6EP 3/81/2 –H4FP 1/23/8 –H5FP 1/21/2 –H6FP1/25/8**Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.NipplesStandard Hose BarbNipplesPush-Lok Hose Barb**Part Number Brass Part Number Steel Part Number Stainless Steel (303)Body Size Thread Size –H1C –1/41/8-27 NPTF BH3C H3C SH3C 1/41/4-18 NPTF –H3C-E SH3C-E 1/43/8-18 NPTF –H1E –3/81/4-18 NPTF BH3E H3E –3/83/8-18 NPTF –H3E-F –3/81/2-14 NPTF –H1F –1/23/8-18 NPTF BH3F H3F –1/21/2-14 NPTF –H3F-G –1/23/4-14 NPTF –H3G-F –3/41/2-14 NPTF –H3G –3/43/4-14 NPTF –H3G-J–3/41-11 1/2 NPTFNipplesFemale Pipe ThreadPart Number Brass Part Number Steel Part Number Stainless Steel (303)Body Size Thread Size –H0C –1/41/8-27 NPTF BH2C H2C SH2C 1/41/4-18 NPTF –H2C-E SH2C-E 1/43/8-18 NPTF –H00E –3/81/8-27 NPTF –H0E –3/81/4-18 NPTF BH2E H2E –3/83/8-18 NPTF –H2E-F –3/81/2-14 NPTF –H0F –1/23/8-18 NPTF BH2F H2F –1/21/2-14 NPTF –H2F-G –1/23/4-14 NPTF –H2G-F –3/41/2-14 NPTF BH2G H2G –3/43/4-14 NPTF –H2G-J–3/41-11 1/2 NPTFNipplesMale Pipe ThreadIndustrial Interchange NipplesQ u i c k C o u p l i n g s P n e u m a t i c : R F S e r i e s C o u p l e r sPart NumberBrassBody Size Thread Size RF-251-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPSF RF-251-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPSF RF-371-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPSF RF-371-8FP3/81/2-14 NPTFPart Number Brass Body Size Thread Size RF-251-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF RF-251-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF RF-251-8MP 1/41/2-14 NPTF RF-371-6MP 3/83/8-18 NPTF RF-371-8MP 3/81/2-14 NPTFPart Number Brass Body Size Hose ID RF-251-4HB 1/41/4RF-251-6HB 1/43/8RF-371-6HB 3/83/8RF-371-8HB 3/81/2Part Number Brass Body Size Hose ID RF-251-4PL 1/41/4RF-251-6PL 1/43/8RF-251-8PL 1/41/2RF-371-6PL 3/83/8RF-371-8PL 3/81/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.Part Number Steel Body Size Thread Size RF-254-4FP 1/41/4-18 NPTF RF-254-6FP 1/43/8-18 NPTF RF-374-6FP 3/83/8-18 NPTF RF-374-8FP3/81/2-14 NPTFPart Number Steel Body Size Thread Size RF-254-4MP 1/41/4-18 NPTF RF-254-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF RF-374-6MP 1/43/8-18 NPTF RF-374-8MP3/81/2-14 NPTFPart Number Steel Body Size Hose ID RF-254-4HB 1/41/4RF-254-6HB 1/43/8RF-374-6HB 3/83/8RF-374-8HB3/81/2Part Number Steel Body Size ID RF-254-4PL 1/41/4RF-254-6PL 1/43/8RF-374-6PL 3/83/8RF-374-8PL3/81/2* Push-Lok Hose Barbs are designed for use with Parker Push-Lok hose and do not require clamps.CouplersFemale Pipe ThreadNipplesFemale Pipe ThreadNipplesMale Pipe ThreadNipplesStandard Hose BarbNipplesPush-Lok Hose Barb*CouplersMale Pipe ThreadCouplersStandard Hose BarbCouplersPush-Lok Hose Barb*RF Series Couplers。
帕克双设点控制器操作手册说明书

Cylinder Division 1000 6th Street East Owen Sound, Ontario Canada N4K 5P1(519) 376-2691Cylinder Division (U.S.A)500 South Wolf Road Des Plaines, IL 60016(847) 298-2400Service Bulletin 0971-G-B2Series SRX Dual Set Point Controller Operation ManualIssued: August 2002Supersedes: NoneSeries SRX – Dual Set Point Controller Operation ManualThe Parker Dual Set Point Controller relies on information provided by the position feedback sensor located inside the cylinder. The position sensor is a Linear Resistive Transducer (LRT) that acts as a voltage divider when a DC voltage is applied to it. The feedback signal produced by the LRT is dependent on the voltage input supplied. When a DC voltage is applied to the LRT, a relative output voltage (relative to piston position) is produced and sent back to the controller.There are four models available (see Figure 1). Each controller has two relay outputs whose on/off points are adjustable for different application needs.Model Number Input Power Scalable Output1493440002120 VAC 0-10 VDC 1493440003120 VAC 4-20 mA 149344000412-24 VDC 0-10 VDC 149344000512-24 VDC4-20 mAFigure 1. Dual Set Point Controller ModelsEach controller is equipped with two adjustable relay outputs that act as adjustable limit switches. These outputs come with Normally Closed (NC) and Normally Open (NO) contacts. If more than two outputs are needed, up to three controllers may be slaved off of one master unit.Standard electrical connections for each controller are shown in Figure 2. Detailed instructions for connecting power and the LRT are shown in Figures 3 and 4, respectively.Figure 3. Power ConnectionsFigure 4. LRT ConnectionsFigure 2. Standard Electrical ConnectionsStandard electrical connections produce standard output operation. Standard output operation is defined by ananalog output signal that is at a minimum when the cylinder is fully retracted, and increases linearly to a maximum when the cylinder is fully extended. Figure 5 on the following page shows ideal voltage output versus cylindertravel and the corresponding relay output actions.Figure 5. Output ConfigurationsThe outputs from Relay 1 and Relay 2 are adjustable over the entire range of cylinder movement. Set-Point 1 can be adjusted beyond Set-Point 2. If the Continuous Cycle Mode is used, Set-Point 2 must be adjusted beyond Set-Point 1. See Figure 5. Figures 6-A thru 6-D show relay contact configurations for standard operating modes.Figure 6-AFigure 6-BFigure 6-CFigure 6-DIndependent Relay ModeNon-Inverted OperationInstall load to Normally Open (NO) side of the relays. Pin 10 for Relay 1 and Pin 13 for Relay 2. Refer to Figure 2for electrical connections. When the load is connected to the NO sides of the relays, the output will turn on when the analog output is greater than its set point and turn off when the analog output is less than its set point.Inverted OperationInstall load to Normally Closed (NC) side of the relays. Pin 9 for Relay 1 and Pin 12 for Relay 2. Refer to Figure 2for electrical connections. When the load is connected to the NC sides of the relays, the output will turn off when the analog output is greater than its set point and turn on when the analog output is less than its set point.Limit Switch OperationInstall load to one Normally Closed (NC) relay lead and one Normally Open (NO) relay lead. Pin 9 for Relay 1 and Pin 13 for Relay 2. Refer to Figure 2 for electrical connections. This arrangement turns on Relay 1 when the analog output is less than Set-Point 1, and turns on Relay 2 when the analog output is greater than Set-Point 2.Continuous Cycle ModeInstall load to Normally Open (NO) side of the relays. Pin 10 for Relay 1 and Pin 13 for Relay 2. Refer to Figure 2 for electrical connections. When the load is connected to the NO sides of the relays, the output will turn on when the analog output is greater than its set point, and turn off when the analog output is less than its set point.As one output turns on, the other turns off and vice-versa. This mode of operation allows for continuous cyclingof a cylinder between two adjustable limits. Set-Point 1 control potentiometer is used to set the inner limit andSet-Point 2 control potentiometer is used to set the outer limit. Set-Point 1 must be less than Set-Point 2.To activate the Continuous Cycle Mode, move Jumper 1 to Position B (see Figure 7). This enables the Continuous Cycle Mode and disables the Independent Relay Mode.As illustrated in Figure 7, the Independent Relay Mode of operation is factory enabled with Jumper 1 in Position A.Position A Independent Relay ModePosition B Continuous Cycle ModeFigure 7. Operating Mode Selection Using Jumper 1Jumper 1 is located on the bottom side of the circuit board. The jumper can be accessed by removing all four corner screws of the controller. At this point, the cover and circuit board should come out of the base. Turn the cover and circuit board over so that the bottom of the circuit board is visible. The jumper is located in the upper right-hand corner. The jumper can be moved into Position A or B by pulling up on the black jumper and placing it over the appropriate pins as illustrated in Figure 7.When the jumper is located in the desired position, place the circuit board and cover back into the base and tighten all four corner screws.Setting the Switch Points of OutputAt this point, make sure all electrical connections have been made properly and apply power to the controller. Each controller has the same controls and uses the same set-up procedure.To set the switch point of output 1:1.Turn Set-Point potentiometer 1 (Set 1) fully counter-clockwise.2.Move the cylinder piston to the desired position where output 1 should switch on and off.3.Observe Set-Point 1 LED.4.Rotate Set-Point potentiometer 1 (Set 1) clockwise until Set-Point 1 LED just changes state (on to off orvice-versa).To set the switch point of output 2:1.Turn Set-Point potentiometer 2 (Set 2) fully clockwise.2.Move the cylinder piston to the desired position where output 2 should switch on and off.3.Observe Set-Point 2 LED.4.Rotate Set-Point potentiometer 2 (Set 2) counter-clockwise until Set-Point 2 LED just changes state.Scalable OutputThere are two different types of output: 0V to 10V and 4mA to 20mA. Each type is available for AC or DC power.Output Boundaries and ActionsStandard output operation produces minimum analog output at minimum cylinder extension and maximum analog output at maximum extension. Figure 8 plots ideal analog output versus cylinder travel.For some applications, it may be desirable to reverse this operation and have maximum analog output at minimum extension and minimum output at maximum extension. This can be achieved by switching the wires at Pins 3 and 5 of the control unit as shown before in Figure 2. The resulting output is reversed and is illustrated in Figure 9.Figure 8. Standard Analog Output Figure 9. Reversed Analog OutputScaling the OutputScaling is a feature that allows a controllers output boundaries to be adjusted to individual application needs.The minimum analog output point (offset) is adjustable, as well as the distance from the minimum output that the cylinder must travel until maximum analog output is achieved. This distance is the span. The output boundaries provide minimum and maximum output with linear output between the two limits.Figure 10 illustrates the allowable output adjustment range for standard output operation as a percentage of full cylinder extension. Figure 11 illustrates the allowable output range for reversed output operation. The shaded region of each graph represents the allowable area where full analog output can be achieved.Figure 10. Standard Output Range Figure 11. Reversed Output RangeThe figures illustrate two important facts:1.The maximum offset is 50% of the cylinder stroke.This is the right boundary.2.The minimum span is 50% of the cylinder stroke.This is the left boundary.Figures 12 and 13illustrate acceptable and unacceptable calibrations, respectively, for a cylinder with a 12" stroke.Line #Offset Max. Position Span10"12"12"22"10"8"35"11"6"Figure 12. Acceptable Calibration Schemes Line #Offset Max. Position Span12"7"5"24"8"4"34"Figure 13. Unacceptable Calibration SchemesThe setting of the analog output is accomplished by adjusting the potentiometers “OFFSET” and “SPAN”.ØThe “OFFSET” adjustment is used to set the desired minimum analog output point.ØThe “SPAN” adjustment is used to set the desired maximum analog output point.Clockwise = Output Increases Counterclockwise = Output DecreasesSetting Scalable OutputThe procedure used to set the analog output is as follows:Setting the Offset (minimum output point)1.Move the cylinder piston to the minimum position desired.2.On 0-10 VDC controllers: Place a voltmeter across Pins 6 (Analog Out) and 7 (Analog Gnd).3.On 4-20 mA controllers: Place an ammeter in series with the load to be driven. Current sources from Pin 6(Analog Out) and returns to Pin 7 (Analog Gnd).4.Adjust the offset potentiometer until the desired minimum output is reached. Setting the Span (distance between minimum and maximum analog output)1.Move the cylinder piston to the maximum position desired.2.On 0-10 VDC controllers: Place a voltmeter across Pins 6 (Analog Out) and 7 (Analog Gnd).3.On 4-20 mA controllers: Place an ammeter in series with the load to be driven. Current sources from Pin 6(Analog Out) and returns to Pin 7 (Analog Gnd).4.Adjust the span potentiometer until the desired output is reached.Repeat steps 1 and 2 respectively in order to fine tune the retract and extend output signals.This completes the scaling procedure. At this point, the controller is set up and ready for use.TroubleshootingThe controllers operate on very fundamental principles, which greatly reduce the likelihood of problems. If a problem arises, there are several items to check before consulting your distributor.1.Verify that all connections have been made properly.2.Verify that the required power source is working.3.Verify that the LRT output (0 to 10 VDC) at Pin 4 is changing with cylinder movement.If all of these check out, contact the Cylinder Division for further assistance.System SpecificationsEnclosure Dimensions: 1.31” H x 5.56” W x 3.31”DShipping Weight: 0.80 lbsPower Input Requirements: AC Models 120 V 60 Hz 0.1 AmpsDC Models 12-24 VDC0.1 AmpsInput Fuse: 0.25 AmpsOutput Specification – Set Points:Relay (2) 6 Amps @ 28 VDC6 Amps @ 120/300 VACOutput Specifications: 0-10 VDC, 1 mA MAX output current into 10kΩMIN impedance4-20 mA, into 500Ω MAX impedanceMaximum Zero Offset: 50% of cylinder strokeMinimum Span Range: 50% of cylinder strokeElectronics T emperature Range: 40°F to 160°FFigure 14. Controller DimensionsApplication - Continuous Cycling Using a Three-Position Valve Desired Result: A cylinder/system that will cycle between two adjustable limits.Equipment:Parker Dual Set Point Controller (Continuous Cycle Mode)Double solenoid (24VDC) 3 position valveSeries SRX CylinderFigure 15. Continuous Cycling Electrical Connections Figure 15 illustrates the internal connections of a typical application. Movement of the cylinder is controlled by the double solenoid three position valve. For any movement to occur, an output must be activated.In this application, Relay 1 is used to retract the cylinder and Relay 2 is used to extend the cylinder.By using the Continuous Cycle Mode of the controller, the cylinder will continuously cyclebetween the two set point limits.Figure 16. Output ConfigurationsFigure 16 illustrates the output actions and theideal analog output signal versus cylinder pistontravel.The analog signal can be monitored at Pins 6and 7 (Analog Out and Analog Gnd). Controlpotentiometer 1 (Set 1) is used to adjust Set-Point 1 and control potentiometer 2 (Set 2) isused to adjust Set-Point 2.Relay 1 will be activated while the cylinder isretracting to Set-Point 1. When the pistonreaches Set-Point 1, Relay 1 will deactivate andRelay 2 will be activated.Relay 2 will cause the cylinder to extend untilthe piston reaches Set-Point 2, where Relay 1will activate and the process will repeat.Application – Independent Mode Limit Switch OperationDesired Result: A cylinder/system that will activate a warning light if the system is operating outside of the desired limits.Equipment:Parker Dual Set Point Controller (Independent Relay Mode)Motion Control System (e.g. PLC, Valves, Warning Light)Series SRX CylinderFigure 17. Limit Switch Electrical Connections Figure 17 illustrates the internal connections of a typical limit switch application. Movement of the cylinder is controlled by the Motion Control System.By using the Independent Relay Mode with Limit Switch Operation, the controller will monitor the position of the cylinder. As long as the cylinder is within the two set point limits, the warning light will remain off. But if the cylinder moves outside either limit point, the warning light will activate.Figure 18. Output Configurations Figure 18 illustrates the output actions and the ideal analog output signal versus cylinder piston travel.Control potentiometer 1 (Set 1) is used to adjust Set-Point 1 and control potentiometer 2 (Set 2) is used to adjust Set-Point 2.Relay 1 output will be activated when the cylinder retracts beyond Set-Point 1.Relay 2 output will be activated when thecylinder extends beyond Set-Point 2.。
潘基自动汽车用户手册说明书

IndexAccessories and Modifications.... 158Accessories................................. 158Additional Safety Precautions.. 159Modifications............................. 159ACCESSORY (Ignition KeyPosition)........................................ 70Accessory Power Socket................ 92Additives, Engine Oil..................... 212Airbag (SRS)...................................... 9Air Cleaner Element...................... 226Air Conditioning............................... 98Maintenance............................... 233Usage............................................. 98Air Conditioning Filter.................. 234Air Outlets (Vents)........................ 100Air Pressure, Tires........................ 235Normal Driving.......................... 236Alcohol in Gasoline........................ 298Antifreeze....................................... 215Anti-lock Brakes (ABS)Indicator Light.................... 55, 179Operation.................................... 177Anti-theft Steering ColumnLock (69)Appearance Care........................... 225Ashtrays............................................ 94Audio System................................. 106Automatic Speed Control................ 66Automatic Transmission............... 170Capacity, Fluid........................... 294Checking Fluid Level................ 221Shifting........................................ 170Shift Lever Position Indicator.. 170Shift Lever Positions................. 170Shift Lock Release (174)BatteryCharging SystemIndicator............................ 54, 281Jump Starting............................. 277Maintenance............................... 229Specifications............................. 294Before Driving............................... 151Belts, Seat........................................... 8Beverage Holder.............................. 88Body Repair.................................... 263BrakesAnti-lock System (ABS) (177)Break-in, New Linings .............. 152Fluid............................................ 224Bulb Replacement..................... 247Parking.......................................... 86System Indicator.................. 54, 284Wear Indicators......................... 176Braking System.............................. 176Break-in, New Car......................... 152Brightness Control, Instruments... 61Brights, Headlights......................... 60Built-in Table.................................... 89Bulb ReplacementBack-up Lights........................... 248Brake Lights............................... 248Cargo Area Light....................... 252Ceiling Light............................... 252Front Parking Lights................. 247Front Side Marker Lights......... 247Headlights.................................. 246High-mount Brake Light.......... 251Interior Light.............................. 252License Plate Lights.................. 249Rear Side Marker Lights.......... 248Specifications (295)CONTINUEDIndexBulb ReplacementSpotlight...................................... 252Turn Signal Lights..................... 247Bulbs, Halogen. (246)Capacities Chart............................. 294Carbon Monoxide Hazard.............. 49Cargo Area Light............................. 95Cargo Floor Pockets........................ 92Cargo Hooks..................................... 93Carrying Cargo.............................. 160Cassette PlayerCare.......................................... 136Operation.................... 112, 133, 148CAUTION, Explanation of .............. ii CD Changer........................... 115, 129CD Player....................... 115, 127, 144Center Pocket.................................. 91Center Table..................................... 87Certification Label......................... 292Chains............................................. 241Change Oil...................................... 213How to......................................... 213When to (202)Changing a Flat Tire ..................... 266Changing Engine Coolant............. 217Charging System Indicator .... 54, 282Checklist, Before Driving............. 151Childproof Door Locks................... 75Child Safety...................................... 21Child Seats........................................ 21Tether Anchorage Points........... 40Cleaner, Air................................... 226CleaningAluminum Wheels..................... 257Carpeting..................................... 259Exterior......................................... 256Fabric............................................ 260Interior........................................ 259Seat Belts.................................... 261Vinyl............................................ 260Windows....................................... 260Clock, Setting the ........................... 87Clutch Fluid................................... 224CO in the Exhaust......................... 300Cold Weather, Starting in............. 167Consumer Information*................ 306Controls, Instruments and.............. 51CoolantAdding (215)Checking..................................... 156Proper Solution.......................... 215Replacing.................................... 217Temperature Gauge.................... 57Corrosion Protection..................... 262Crankcase Emission ControlSystem......................................... 300Cruise Control Operation............... 66Customer Relations Office.. (306)DANGER, Explanation of................. ii Dashboard........................................ 52Daytime Running Lights................. 60Defects, Reporting Safety............. 310Defog and Defrost......................... 103Defogger, Rear Window................. 63Defrosting the Windows............... 103Dimensions..................................... 294Dimming the Headlights ................ 60DipstickAutomatic Transmission........... 221Engine Oil................................... 155Directional Signals........................... 61Disc Brake Wear Indicators.........176IndexDisposal of Used Oil...................... 214DoorsLocking and Unlocking............... 70Power Door Locks....................... 71DOT Tire Quality Grading........... 296Downshifting, 5-speed ManualTransmission.............................. 168Drive Belts...................................... 234Driving............................................ 163Economy..................................... 157In Bad Weather.......................... 180In Foreign Countries................. 299Driving Guidelines. (164)Economy, Fuel............................... 157Emergencies on the Road............. 265Battery, Jump Starting.............. 276Brake System Indicator............ 284Changing a Flat Tire................. 266Charging System Indicator...... 282Checking the Fuses................... 286Low Oil Pressure Indicator...... 281Malfunction Indicator Lamp.... 283Overheated Engine. (279)Emergency Brake............................ 86Emergency Flashers....................... 63Emergency Towing....................... 290Emission Controls......................... 300EngineCoolant Temperature Gauge ..... 57Malfunction IndicatorLamp.................................... 54, 282Oil Pressure Indicator......... 54, 281Oil, What Kind to Use............... 211Overheating................................ 279Specifications............................. 294Starting........................................ 166Ethanol in Gasoline ....................... 298Evaporative Emission Controls.... 300Exhaust Fumes................................ 49Expectant Mothers, Use of SeatBelts by......................................... 19Exterior, Cleaning the. (256)Fabric, Cleaning............................. 260Fan, Interior...................................... 98Features, Comfort andConvenience (97)Filling the Fuel Tank..................... 157FiltersAir................................................ 226Air Conditioning........................ 234Oil................................................ 2135-speed Manual TransmissionChecking Fluid Level................ 222Shifting the................................. 169Flashers, Hazard Warning.............. 63Flat Tire, Changing a.................... 213FluidsAutomatic Transmission ........... 221Brake........................................... 224Clutch.......................................... 224Manual Transmission............... 222Power Steering........................... 225Rear Differential........................ 223Windshield Washer................... 220FM Stereo RadioReception.................................... 125Folding Rear Seat............................ 82Foreign Countries, Driving in...... 299Four-way Flashers (63)CONTINUEDIndexFuel.................................................. 152Fill Door and Cap....................... 153Gauge............................................ 57Octane Requirement................. 152Oxygenated................................ 298Reserve Indicator......................... 55Tank, Filling the......................... 153Fuses, Checking the. (285)Gas Mileage, Improving................ 157Gasohol........................................... 298Gasoline.......................................... 152Fuel Reserve Indicator................ 55Gauge............................................ 57Octane Requirement................. 152Tank, Filling the......................... 153Gas Station Procedures................. 153GaugesEngine Coolant Temperature .... 57Fuel................................................ 57Speedometer................................ 56Tachometer.................................. 56Gearshift Lever PositionsAutomatic Transmission (170)5-speed ManualTransmission.......................... 169Glass Cleaning............................... 261Glove Box.. (77)Halogen Headlight Bulbs.............. 246Hazard Warning Flashers............... 63HeadlightsAiming......................................... 244Daytime Running Lights............. 60High Beam Indicator................... 55Reminder Beeper......................... 60Replacing Halogen Bulbs ......... 246Turning on.................................... 60Head Restraints............................... 79Heating and Cooling........................ 98High Altitude, Starting at.............. 167High-Low Beam Switch .................. 60High-mount Brake Light............... 237Hood Latch..................................... 227Hood, Opening the ........................ 154Horn................................................... 59Hydraulic Clutch............................ 224Hydroplaning. (180)Identification Number, Vehicle.... 292IgnitionKeys............................................... 69Switch............................................ 69Timing Control System............. 285Important Safety Precautions .......... 6Indicator Lights, InstrumentPanel.............................................. 53Infant Restraint................................ 29Infant Seats....................................... 29Tether Anchopage Point............. 40Inflation, Proper Tire .................... 235Normal Driving.......................... 236Inside Mirror.................................... 85Inspection, Tire.............................. 237Instrument Panel............................. 53Instrument Panel Brightness......... 61Interior Cleaning............................ 259Interior Light.................................... 94Introduction.. (i)Jacking up the Vehicle..................269。
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Pajek分析和可视化大型网络的程序参考手册List of commands with short explanationversion 1.16Vladimir Batagelj and Andrej Mrvar翻译:先红、一生有我、傻大师、沧海回眸、AndyChang、comp network、遥遥、大头、三叶草整理:饭团Ljubljana, October 4, 20061996, 2006 V. Batagelj, A. Mrvar. Free for noncommercial use.PdfLaTex version October 1, 2003Vladimir BatageljDepartment of Mathematics, FMF University of Ljubljana, Slovenia http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/ vladimir.batagelj@fmf.uni-lj.siAndrej MrvarFaculty of Social Sciences University of Ljubljana, Slovenia http://mrvar.fdv.uni-lj.si/ andrej.mrvar@fdv.uni-lj.si目录1.Pajek介绍 (1)2.数据对象 (3)3 主窗口工具栏 (7)3.1 File(文件) (7)3.2 Net(网络) (11)3.3 Nets(网) (26)3.4 Operation(操作) (28)3.5 Partition(分类) (34)3.6 Partitions(分类) (35)3.7 Vector(向量) (35)3.8 Vectors(向量) (36)3.9 Permutation(排序) (37)3.10 Cluster(类) (37)3.11 Hierarchy(层次) (37)3.12 Options(选项) (38)3.13 Info(信息) (40)3.14 Tools(工具) (40)4 绘图窗口工具 (42)4.1 主窗口绘图工具 (42)4.2 Layout(布局) (42)4.3 Layers(图层) (43)4.4 GraphOnly(仅图形) (44)4.5 Previous(退回到前一次操作) (44)4.6 Redraw(重绘) (44)4.7 Next(下一步) (44)4.8 Options(选项) (45)4.9 Export (导出) (47)4.10 Spin(旋转) (49)4.11 Move(移动) (49)4.12 Info (信息) (49)5 Exports to EPS/SVG/VRML (50)5.1 Defaults (默认值) (50)5.2 Parameters in EPS,SVG and VRML Defaults Window(在EPS/SVG/VRML默认窗口中的参数) (50)5.3 Exporting Pictures to EPS/SVG — 在输入文件中定义参数 (52)6 在Pajek中使用Macros(宏) (57)6.1 什么是Macro(宏)? (57)6.2 怎样标明一段宏? (57)6.3 如何运行宏? (57)6.4 例子 (57)6.5 重复最后的命令 (57)附加信息 (59)1.Pajek介绍Pajek 运行在Windows环境,用于带上千及至数百万个结点大型网络的分析和可视化操作。
在斯洛文尼亚语中Pajek 是蜘蛛的意思。
最新Pajek版本通过以下途径获取,但限于非商业用途:http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/pajek/我们于1996年11月应用Delphi(Pascal)语言,开始开发Pajek,其中的一些程序由Matjaz Zaversnik提供。
当看到现有的几种大型网络已有机器可读格式时,我们萌发了开发Pajek的动机。
Pajek 向以下网络提供分析和可视化操作工具:合著网、化学有机分子、蛋白质受体交互网、家谱、因特网、引文网、传播网(AIDS,新闻,创新)、数据挖掘(2-mode网)等。
大型网络集在这里也可找到:http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/data/对Pajek的设计工作,得益于我们先前的开发经历:包括开发gragh数据结构,以及Gragh和X-graph的算法库,集成Stran, RelCalc, Draw, Energ,以及基于SGML的图形描述语言 NetML等的经历。
http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/default.htm图1:Pajek / 蜘蛛图2:处理大型网络的途径设计Pajek的主要目的:z支持将大型网络分解成几个较小的网络,以便使用更历久的方法进一步处理;z向作用者提供一些强大的可视化操作工具;z执行分析大型网络有效算法(subquadratic)。
通过Pajek可完成以下工作:在一个网络中搜索类(组成,重要结点的邻居,核等);析取属于同一类的结点,并分别地显示出来,或者反映出结点的连接关系(更具体的局域视角);在类内收缩结点,并显示类之间的关系(全局视角)。
除普通网络(有向、无向、混合网络)外,Pajek还支持多关系网络,2-mode网络(二分(二值)图—网络由两类异质结点构成),以及暂时性网络(动态图—网络随时间演化)。
图3:Pajek 教材此手册简单地解释了运行于最新版本Pajek上的所有程序。
我们建议初学者阅读以下Pajek教材:de Nooy W., Mrvar A., Batagelj V. (2002) Exploratory Social Network Analysis With Pajek. Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences 27, Cambridge University Press, 2005.希望对使用Pajek进行网络分析有一个概览,请阅读NICTA 工作室的幻灯片:Batagelj V.: Workshop on Network Analysis, Sydney, Australia: 14th to 17th June 2005; at Nicta (National ICT Australia). http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/doc/#NICTA2.数据对象Pajek是专门用来分析大型网络(含有成百上千个结点)的专用程序。
包含如下六种参数:图4:Pajek主窗口works(网络)-主要对象(结点和边)。
默认扩展名为:.net。
在输入文件中,网络有多种表现方法:·利用弧线/边(如:1 2-从1到2的连线)·利用弧线列表/边序列(如:1 2 3-从1到2的连线和从1到3 的连线)·矩阵格式·UCINET,GEDCOM,化学式关于网络绘制的更详细的信息包含在输入文件中,在'Exports to EPS/SVG/VRML'章节中对此有相关介绍。
2.Partitions(分类)-它指明了每个结点分别属于哪个类,默认扩展名为:.clu。
3.Permutations(排序)-将结点重新排列,默认扩展名:.per。
4.Clusters(类)-结点的子集(如:来自分类中的一个类)。
默认扩展名:.cls。
5.Hierarchies(层次)-按层次关系排列的结点,例:根结点Root下面有两个子群-g1和g2。
g2是一个叶结点,包含v5、v6、v7三个结点。
g1又包含两个子群---g11和g12...默认扩展名:.hie。
6.Vectors(向量)-指明每个结点具有的数字属性(实数)。
默认扩展名:.vec。
双击所选的网络、分类…就可以在屏幕上显示这个对象。
pajek主窗口中的程序(见图4)是根据输入时的数据类型来组织编排的。
排序、分类和向量用于分别从不同角度反映结点的性质,例如结点组织顺序、类别和数字特性。
3 主窗口工具栏3.1 File(文件)六种数据对象的输入/输出操作:z网络network-N- Read(读)-从Ascii文件中读取网络。
- Edit(编辑网络)-选择结点,显示其邻居,然后:* 添加新边到选定结点(在新边上双击鼠标左键)* 删除边(双击左键)* 更改边的属性值(单击右键)* 通过增加不可见的新结点将边细分为两条相互垂直的边(单击鼠标中键)-Save -保存网络为Ascii文件-Export Matrix to EPS(将矩阵输出为EPS)-用EPS格式生成矩阵* Original(普通)-利用默认的计数方法(适合1-Mode和2-Mode网络)* Using Permutation(排序)-利用当前排序。
通过绘制附加线来区分选中的分类中不同的类。
此选项适合于1-Mode和2-Mode网络。
如果在2-Mode网络中绘制附加线,则需要首先定义从属分类和以包含的类作为第二个分区的分区(在分类菜单中)。
* Using Partition(分类)-利用当前的分类。
在记录窗口中列出了不同的类中边的数目和密度(以及所选的两个类中的结点)。
另外,当密度用阴影图表示时,矩阵被输出到EPS。
1.Structural(结构化)-根据类间最大可能的连边数目来定义密度(适合于密度网络图)2.Delta(三角化)-根据拥有最大的输入和输出邻居结点数来定义密度(适合于稀疏网络)。
* only black borders(只有黑色边框)-如果被检测到,则矩阵中的所有方阵都将有黑色边框,否则,黑色边框将会变成白的,明亮的边框会变成黑色的。
-Change Label修改选定网络的标签。
-dispose从内存中删除所选的网络。
表1:时间事件列表事件注释TI t 原始事件-后续事件从时间点t开始发生TE t 终止事件-当时间点t结束后发生A V vns 添加标签为n,属性为s结点vHV v 隐藏结点vSV v 显示结点vDV v 删除结点vAA uvs 添加具有属性s的弧线(u,v)HA uv 隐藏弧线(u,v)SA uv 显示弧线(u,v)DA uv 删除弧线(u,v)AE uvs 添加具有属性为s的边(u:v)HE uv 隐藏边(u:v)SE uv 显示边(u:v)DE uv 删除边(u:v)CV vs 改变结点属性-将结点v 的性质改为sCA uvs 改变弧线属性-将弧线(u,v)的属性改为sCE uvs 改变边的属性-将边(u:v)的属性改为sCT uv 改变类型-改变连线(u,v)的方向(无)CD uv 改变弧线(u,v)的方向PE uvs 用属性为s的单边(u:v)替代一对弧线(u,v)和(v,u)AP uvs 添加一对具有s属性的弧线(u,v)和(v,u)DP uv 删除弧线对(u,v)和(v,u)EP uvs 用具有s属性的弧线对(u,v)和(v,u)来替换边(u:v)z Time Events Networks 网络-N-Read Time Events-读取用时间事件描述的网络。