12层住宅楼毕业设计计算书有外文翻译
(完整版)建筑工程毕业设计计算书
本科生毕业论文（设计）中文题目长春某医院八层住院楼设计英文题目Design for an eight-storey Changchun学生姓名**** 班级*******学号*********学院建设工程学院专业土木工程指导教师****** 职称教授摘要此毕业设计分为两个部分：建筑设计和结构设计。
在建筑设计中完成了建筑设计总说明、建筑平面图、立面图、剖面图和节点详图等施工图纸；在结构设计中完成了结构设计计算书以及梁、板、柱等结构施工图纸。
由于整个框架空间体系比较复杂，因此在计算时进行了适当简化。
选取了一榀有代表性的横向框架进行结构抗震设计。
首先，确定框架布局，进行各层重力荷载代表值的计算；其次，利用顶点位移法求出自振周期，再用底部剪力法计算水平地震荷载作用大小，求出水平荷载作用下的结构内力（弯矩、剪力、轴力）；再次，进行竖向荷载作用下的结构内力计算。
内力计算完成后，按照最不利情况进行内力组合，并进行梁、柱的配筋计算。
此外，还进行了楼板、楼梯和基础等设计计算以及墙体稳定性验算等。
关键词：结构设计抗震设计框架结构建筑设计AbstractThis graduation design mainly includes two parts: Architectural design and structural design. In the architectural design, of construction design , building construction blueprints, architectural plans, elevation drawing and sectional drawing ,etc. In the structural design, calculation book, working drawing of beam, board and column,etc.Because the entire framework three-dimensional system is complex, the calculation when appropriate the simplification. Select a framework structural to carry on seismic design. First, according to the structural arrangement and the calculation diagram, ; Secondly, use apical displacement method to calculate the structure vibration cycle, and then at bottom shearing force method, calculated the structural internal force ( bending moment, shear force, axial force) under the , under the vertical load to the structure of the internal force, the combination of internal forces to identify the most disadvantaged group, or a combination of several sets of internal forces, select the results of the most secure to carried on beams, columns reinforcement calculation. In addition, the structure of the program carried out in the staircase design, floor design, checking the stability of wall ,etc.Key words:structural design seismic designframe structure architectural design目录第一部分建筑总说明 (1)第一章工程概况 (1)第二章设计依据和原则 (2)2.1 设计依据 (2)2.2 设计原则 (2)第三章建筑体型和立面的设计 (4)3.1 建筑体型和立面设计的要求 (4)3.2 建筑体型的组合 (4)3.3 建筑立面设计 (4)第四章平面的设计 (6)4.1 使用房间的设计要求 (6)4.2 使用房间的面积、形状和尺寸 (6)4.3 门窗在房间平面中的布置 (6)4.4 辅助房间的平面设计 (6)第五章细部构造做法 (7)5.1 屋面做法 (7)5.2 楼面做法 (7)5.3 地面做法 (7)5.4 散水做法 (7)5.5 踢脚做法 (8)5.6 内墙做法 (8)5.7 外墙做法 (8)5.8 顶棚做法 (8)第二部分结构设计 (9)第一章结构布置和计算简图的确定 (9)1.1工程概况 (9)1.2 设计条件 (10)1.3 梁柱截面、梁跨度及柱高的确定 (10)第二章框架侧移刚度的计算 (12)2.1 横梁线刚度的计算 (12)2.2 柱的线刚度计算 (12)2.3 横向框架柱的侧移刚度的计算 (12)第三章重力荷载代表值的计算 (14)3.1 屋面、楼面荷载 (14)3.2 梁柱相关尺寸 (15)3.3 墙体重力荷载 (15)3.4门墙标准值 (16)3.5各层重力代表值 (16)第四章地震作用的侧移计算 (25)4.1横向框架自震周期的起算 (25)4.2 水平地震作用及楼层地震剪力的计算 (25)4.3验算横向框架水平位移 (27)第五章水平地震作用下框架内力计算 (29)第六章竖向荷作用下框架内力计算 (33)6.1就算单元的选择确定 (33)6.2 荷载汇集 (33)6.3内力计算 (35)6.4 横向框架内力组合 (41)第七章截面设计 (48)7.1 框架梁 (48)7.2 柱截面尺寸验算 (50)第八章楼板计算 (54)8.1 楼板结构布置 (54)8.2 楼板配筋计算 (54)第九章板式楼梯计算书 (58)9.1楼梯段计算 (58)9.2 平台板的计算 (60)9.3平台梁设计 (64)第十章基础计算 (66)10.1基础形式的确定 (66)10.2平面布置图 (67)10..3示意图 (67)10.4基本资料 (68)10.5 计算过程 (68)10.6计算结果 (71)第十一章墙体稳定性验算 (72)11.1 墙体高厚比的验算方法 (72)11.2 选择静力计算方案 (72)11.3 确定计算高度和允许高厚比 (73)11.4 验算墙体高厚比 (73)参考文献 (74)第一部分建筑总说明第一章工程概况本工程名称：长春某医院八层住院楼工程。
土木工程专业毕业设计十二层板式剪力墙住宅
摘要该设计是哈尔滨地区的一高层板式住宅。
主体十二层，一梯三户，总建筑面积7529.76m2。
本设计包括两章，建筑设计和结构设计。
建筑设计部分包括：平面图设计、立面图设计、剖面图设计。
平面图设计中考虑了高层建筑的抗震与选型及防火和朝向的要求，采用规则的矩形，平面布局合理；立面简洁大方，满足功能要求。
结构设计部分包括：荷载计算（重力荷载、风荷载、水平地震荷载），剪力墙、现浇楼梯、楼板，以及基础的设计计算和结构配筋。
在结构计算中，地震作用采用底部剪力法。
在荷载内力计算的基础上，进行了内力组合，取最不利荷载进行了配筋计算。
在配筋计算中，考虑了构造和抗震要求，并进行了相应的构造配筋，计算结果较准确。
该设计平面布局合理，满足要求。
结构计算叫全面、详实。
满足设计任务书的要求。
关键词：住宅；结构设计；剪力墙；荷载；配筋AbstractThis design is a high-rise residential buildings in HaErBin city,called the apartment of plank buildings.Its main body is 12 storeys with one staircase for three.Its construction area is 7529.76m2.The design includes two chapters,architecture design and structural design.The following work is done in the architectural design:the plan design,the elevation design and the section design.During the plan design,considering the demands of earthquake resistance the orientation of the building and chooses the size,and the design of fireproof and dispersion.the rectangular plan is designed,The plan is arrangement is reasonable.Its semblance is succinct and generous,which satisfies the function is requirement.The structural design includes :the calculating of the load,(the gravity loading,the wind loading and the horizontal earthquake action).The design of shear wall,pour the staircase and floor and the foundation.In the calculating of the structural,the horizontal earthquake action adopts shear strength calculation of the end.On the basis of calculating the internal force,I make the combination of internal force,and choose the most disadvantageous force to design the steel reinforcing bar.In consideration of the requirment of the constitution and anti-seismic,and carrying out designing the steel reinforcing bar.The result is fairly exact.The design whose plane is reasonable,satisfies the function’s requirement.Structural design is fairly full and accurate,and also satisfies the requirement of the designing task.Key words:residential buildings;structural design ;Shear wall; loading;design the steel reinforcing bar目录第1章建筑设计 (1)1.1高层住宅特点 (1)1.2总体布局 (2)1.3平面交通 (2)1.4竖向交通 (2)1.5建筑物的朝向 (2)1.6户型设计 (3)第2章结构计算 (7)2.1 概述 (7)2.2重力荷载计算（标准值）................... 错误！未定义书签。
某一梯两户十二层住宅楼建筑施工图（含节能计算书）
毕业设计-某市住宅小区综合楼计算书
毕业设计-某市住宅小区综合楼计算书1前言毕业设计是大学本科教育培养目标实现的重要阶段，是毕业前的综合学习阶段,是深化、拓宽、综合教和学的重要过程,是对大学期间所学专业知识的全面总结。
通过毕业设计,可以将以前学过的知识重温回顾,对疑难知识再学习,对提高个人的综合知识结构有着重要的作用。
通过毕业设计,使我们在资料查找、设计安排、分析计算、施工图绘制、口头表达等各个方面得到综合训练,具备从事相关工作的基本技术素质和技能。
目前，我国建筑中仍以钢筋混凝土结构为主，钢筋混凝土造价较低，材料来源丰富，且可以浇筑成各种复杂断面形状，节省钢材，承载力也不低，经过合理设计可以获得较好的抗震性能。
今后几十年，钢筋混凝土结构仍将活跃在我国的建筑史上。
框架结构体系的主要特点是平面布置比较灵活，能提供较大的室内空间，对于办公楼是最常用的结构体系。
多层建筑结构的设计，除了要根据建筑高度、抗震设防等级等合理选择结构材料、抗侧力结构体系外，要特别重视建筑体形和结构总体布置。
建筑体形是指建筑的平面和立面；结构总体布置指结构构件的平面布置和竖向布置。
建筑体形和结构总体布置对结构的抗震性能有决定性的作用。
毕业设计的三个月里，在指导老师的帮助下，经过查阅资料、设计计算、论文撰写以及图纸绘制，加深了对规范等相关内容的理解，巩固了专业知识，提高了综合分析、解决问题的能力。
并熟练掌握了AutoCAD和结构设计软件PKPMCAD，基本上达到了毕业设计的目的与要求。
框架结构设计的计算工作量很大，在计算过程中以手算为主，后面采用建筑结构软件PKPMCAD进行电算,并将电算结果与手算结果进行了误差分析对比。
由于自己水平有限，难免有不妥和疏忽之处，敬请各位老师批评指正。
2建筑设计2.1 设计要求本工程为某市住宅小区综合楼，建筑地点为某市西郊主要交通干线的路南，建筑物一面临街。
1.根据要求，综合楼总建筑面积约5000m2,建筑主体为6层。
一、二层为自选商场，三～六层为对外出租商业办公用房。
高层住宅楼毕业设计计算书[管理资料]
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依景花园A1栋高层住宅楼结构设计摘要本工程为依景花园A1栋，拟建高层住宅楼。
根据现场的土地使用面积将该楼设计成一对称布置的住宅楼，设置一部电梯，一层设置四户。
，。
，抗震设防烈度7度，，Ⅱ类场地，设计地震分组为第一组。
本工程结构设计采用框架-剪力墙结构，结构计算按纵向框架承重分析。
具体内容包括：结构方案和初选截面尺寸；楼板结构设计；结构计算简图及刚度参数计算；荷载计算及结构位移验算；水平荷载作用下的结构内力分析；竖向荷载作用下的结构内力分析；荷载效应及内力组合；截面设计和构造要求；基础设计；结构施工图的绘制；计算机辅助设计。
在进行截面抗震设计时，柱按偏压构件计算，保证延性框架要“强剪弱弯，强柱弱梁，强节点弱构件强锚固”的设计原则，且满足构造要求。
关键词：高层，抗震，框剪，结构设计A1 Block Of King Garden In High-rise Residential Buildings,Structural DesignAuthor: Rui ChenTutor: Quan GaoAbstractKing Garden in the works for A1 block, the proposed high-rise residential buildings. According to the land use area will be carried into a symmetrical layout design of residential buildings, the installation of a lift, one of four households. The level of the first floor is and the remaining eleven floors are high-level layers. The total height of the building is . A total construction area is . Basic wind pressure value is , earthquake intensity of 7 degrees security, the basic design for seismic acceleration values , category II sites, design for the earthquake-first group.This engineering construction design adoption the frame-shear wall construction. The structure of the vertical longitudinal loading analysis. Concrete contents include: structural programmes and primary cross-sectional size; floor structural design; Structural calculation diagrammatic drawing and stiffness parameter calculation; Structural load calculation and displacement calculation; Level load role of endogenous force structure analysis; Vertical load role of the endogenous force structure analysis; Load effects and endogenous force portfolio; Cross-sectional design and construction requirements; Foundation design; Structural construction mapping; computer-aided design. Earthquake in cross-sectional design, pillar by bias components calculated to ensure extensive framework to "strong reminder and weak bends, strong column and weak beam, strong joint weak components strong anchorage" design principles, and the cross-section must to meet the demand of construction requirements.Key words: Tall structures, Earthquake proofing construction, Frame -Shear wall, Structural design目录１工程概况 (1)２结构布置和初选构件截面尺寸 (2)柱截面尺寸 (2)梁截面尺寸 (3)板的厚度 (3)剪力墙数量的确定 (3)3 楼板结构设计 (6)楼梯设计 (6)梯段板计算 (6)梯梁设计 (8)楼板设计 (9)荷载计算 (9)计算跨度L0 (11)弯矩和配筋计算 (11)４非框架梁的设计 (17)非框架梁的内力计算 (17)非框架梁的配筋计算 (25)正截面承载力计算 (25)斜截面承载力计算 (26)5 计算简图及刚度参数 (29)计算简图 (29)刚度参数 (29)总剪力墙的等效抗弯刚度 (29)总框架的抗推刚度 (32)主体结构刚度特征值λ (40)6 竖向荷载及水平荷载计算 (41)竖向荷载 (41)各种构件的荷载标准值 (41)重力荷载代表值 (43) (43)结构总水平地震作用——底部剪力标准值F Ek (43)各层水平地震作用Fi (45)横向风荷载计算 (46)7 水平荷载作用效应分析 (48)水平地震作用折算及水平位移验算 (48)水平地震作用折算 (48)水平位移验算 (48)水平地震作用下的内力计算 (49)总剪力墙、总框架和总连梁的内力 (49)各根柱、各根连梁、各片剪力墙的内力 (51)（2）各片剪力墙的弯矩和剪力 (51)框架梁、柱的内力计算 (54)8 竖向荷载作用下结构的内力计算 (61)框架内力计算 (61)计算简图 (61)分配系数及固端弯矩 (62)分配与传递 (64)剪力墙内力计算 (69)轴力的计算 (69)弯矩的计算 (72)9 荷载效应组合 (74)框架梁柱的内力组合 (74)梁、柱内力调整 (74)框架梁、柱的内力组合 (79)剪力墙的内力组合 (80)10 截面设计 (82)框架梁 (82)正截面受弯承载力计算 (82)斜截面受剪承载力计算 (83)框架柱 (84)剪跨比和轴压比 (84)正截面抗弯承载力计算 (85)斜截面抗剪承载力计算 (88)节点的抗剪承载力计算 (90)剪力墙 (91)正截面承载力计算 (91)斜截面承载力计算 (92)11 基础设计 (95)基础选型 (95)基础平面布置 (95)承台计算和配筋 (97)致谢 (103)参考文献 (104)依景花园A1栋 高层住宅楼结构设计１ 工程概况依景花园为12层住宅楼，框架-剪力墙结构，。
住宅楼设计计算书毕业设计
住宅楼设计计算书毕业设计目录一设计任务书 (1)1.1设计任务书 (1)1.2工程设计概况 (5)1.2.1 建设项目名称 (5)1.2.2建设地点 (5)1.2.3 设计资料 (5)1.2.4地基承载力：180KPa (5)1.2.5气候条件 (5)1.2.6.抗震设防要求 (5)8度第二组，场地为ⅱ类。
(5)1.2.7耐火等级 (5)1.3摘要 (6)二．楼盖设计 (8)2.1设计资料 (8)2.2楼盖的结构平面布置(见图2-1) (9)(1）板的布置图：(见图2-2) (9)1 配筋计算 (15)2 屋面板设计 (17)（2）配筋计算 (21)2．2次梁的设计 (22)2.2.1次梁l1 (22)2.2.2次梁l2 (24)2.2.3次梁l3 (26)2.2.4次梁l4 (28)2.2.5次梁l5 (30)2.2.6次梁l6 (31)2.2.7次梁l7 (33)三.框架结构布置方案 (35)3.1结构布置方案及结构选型见图3-1 (35)3.1.1结构承重方案选择 (35)3.1.2主要构件选型及尺寸初步估算 (35)3.2荷载标准值计算 (38)3.2.1 永久荷载 (38)3.2.2 竖向可变荷载 (42)3.2.4 水平地震作用计算 (45)3.3 荷载作用下框架的力分析 (48)3.3.1恒荷载作用下框架的力分析 (48)3.3.2活荷载作用下框架的力计算 (52)3.3.3风荷载作用下力分析。
(57)3.3.4地震作用下力分析 (60)四．力组合 (65)4．1梁力组合 (66)4．2柱力组合 (72)五.截面设计 (81)5．1梁截面设计 (81)5.1.1正截面受弯承载力计算 (81)5.1.2斜截面受弯承载力计算 (85)5．2柱截面设计 (87)5.3楼梯板计算 (95)5.3.1设计资料： (95)5.3.2 荷载计算 (96)5.3.3 截面设计 (97)5.3.4平台板计算 (97)5.3.5.平台梁B1计算 (98)六 . 基础设计 (100)6．1基础设计 (100)6．2抗冲切检验 (102)6．3配筋计算 (102)致谢 (106)一设计任务书1.1设计任务书设计题目——市某住宅楼建筑结构设计(方案三)一设计题目某住宅楼结构设计二设计任务及要求根据所提供的建设要求，通过调查及搜集有关技术资料，进一步确定平面设计，正确选择结构方案，完成指定设计题目的扩大初步设计，并提出规定的设计文件。
12层框架结构宾馆毕业设计计算书
目录第1章建筑设计 (1)1.1 设计思想 (1)1.2 整体布局 (1)1.3 平面及立面设计[1] (1)1.4 防火设计 (3)第2章结构方案确定及荷载计算 (4)2.1 结构方案选择 (4)2.2 结构基本尺寸的初步确定 (4)2.3 框架结构计算简图 (6)2.4 荷载与荷载汇集 (6)第三章横向水平荷载作用下框架结构的内力分析 (12)2.5 横向水平地震作用下框架结构内力计算 (12)2.6 横向风荷载作用下框架结构内力和侧移计算 (18)2.7 风荷载作用下框架结构内力计算 (20)第3章竖向荷载作用下的内力计算 (23)3.1 横向框架内力计算 (23)3.2 横向框架内力组合 (34)第4章截面设计 (47)4.1 框架梁 (47)4.2 框架柱 (53)4.3 板配筋 (69)第5章基础设计 (72)5.1 地质条件 (72)5.2 桩基础设计资料 (72)5.3 单桩承载力设计值[8] (72)5.4 桩基各柱承载力验算 (72)5.5 单桩设计 (73)5.6 承台设计计算 (74)结论..............................................................................错误！未定义书签。
第1章建筑设计1.1设计思想本设计从经济实用的角度出发，在设计上力求简单实用。
结构布置上尽量采用对称形式以提高抗震性能和整体稳定性。
在设计中参考了概念设计中一些经验和设计方法，从结构整体布置到框架梁柱的配筋。
框架结构空间布置灵活，内外墙为非承重构件，可选用空心砌块，减轻自重。
立面设计也灵活多变。
21世纪的高层建筑在设计中更突出地表现了以下特征：（1）空间的可变性；（2）形象的艺术性；（3）交通的方便性；（4）功能分区的明显性；（5）建筑的地域性。
把握现代高层宾馆的时代特征，安全实用是设计追求的目标。
该建筑是综合性宾馆，建筑规模大约在10000米，建筑能与周围花草树木相协调，建筑外表采用白色瓷面砖，显得雅观、素净。
建筑土木毕业设计中英文翻译建筑及高层建筑的组成
建筑土木毕业设计中英文翻译--建筑及高层建筑的组成英文原文Components of A Building and Tall BuildingsAndre1. AbstractMaterials and structural forms are combined to make up the various parts of a building, including the load-carrying frame, skin, floors, and partitions. The building also has mechanical and electrical systems, such as elevators, heating and cooling systems, and lighting systems. The superstructure is that part of a building above ground, and the substructure and foundation is that part of a building below ground.The skyscraper owes its existence to two developments of the 19th century: steel skeleton construction and the passenger elevator. Steel as a construction material dates from the introduction of the Bessemer converter in 1885.Gustave Eiffel (1832-1932) introduced steel construction in France. His designs for the Galerie des Machines and the Tower for the Paris Exposition of 1889 expressed the lightness of the steel framework. The Eiffel Tower, 984 feet (300 meters) high, was the tallest structure built by man and was not surpassed until 40 years later by a series of American skyscrapers.Elisha Otis installed the first elevator in a department store in New York in 1857.In 1889, Eiffel installed the first elevators on a grand scale in the Eiffel Tower, whose hydraulic elevators could transport 2,350 passengers to the summit every hour.2. Load-Carrying FrameUntil the late 19th century, the exterior walls of a building were used as bearing walls to support the floors. This construction is essentially a post and lintel type, and it is still used in frame construction for houses. Bearing-wall construction limited the height of building because of the enormous wall thickness required；for instance, the 16-s tory Monadnock Building built in the 1880’s in Chicago had walls 5 feet (1.5 meters) thick at the lower floors. In 1883, William Le Baron Jenney (1832-1907) supported floors on cast-iron columns to form a cage-like construction. Skeleton construction, consisting of steel beams and columns, was firstused in 1889. As a consequence of skeleton construction, the enclosing walls become a “curtain wall” rather than serving a supporting function. Masonry was the curtain wall material until the 1930’s, when light metal and glass curtain walls were used. After the introduction of buildings continued to increase rapidly.All tall buildings were built with a skeleton of steel until World War Ⅱ. After the war, the shortage of steel and the improved quality of concrete led to tall building being built of reinforced concrete. Marina Tower (1962) in Chicago is the tallest concrete building in the United States；its height—588 feet (179 meters)—is exceeded by the 650-foot (198-meter) Post Office Tower in London and by other towers.A change in attitude about skyscraper construction has brought a return to the use of the bearing wall. In New York City, the Columbia Broadcasting System Building, designed by Eero Saarinen in 1962,has a perimeter wall consisting of 5-foot (1.5meter) wide concrete columns spaced 10 feet (3 meters) from column center to center. This perimeter wall, in effect, constitutes a bearing wall. One reason for this trend is that stiffness against the action of wind can be economically obtained by using the walls of the building as a tube；the World Trade Center building is another example of this tube approach. In contrast, rigid frames or vertical trusses are usually provided to give lateral stability.3. SkinThe skin of a building consists of both transparent elements (windows) and opaque elements (walls). Windows are traditionally glass, although plastics are being used, especially in schools where breakage creates a maintenance problem. The wall elements, which are used to cover the structure and are supported by it, are built of a variety of materials: brick, precast concrete, stone, opaque glass, plastics, steel, and aluminum. Wood is used mainly in house construction；it is not generally used for commercial, industrial, or public building because of the fire hazard.4. FloorsThe construction of the floors in a building depends on the basic structural frame that is used. In steel skeleton construction, floors are either slabs of concrete resting on steel beams or a deck consisting of corrugated steel with a concrete topping. In concrete construction, the floors are either slabs of concrete on concrete beams or a series of closely spaced concrete beams (ribs) in two directions toppedwith a thin concrete slab, giving the appearance of a waffle on its underside. The kind of floor that is used depends on the span between supporting columns or walls and the function of the space. In an apartment building, for instance, where walls and columns are spaced at 12 to 18 feet (3.7 to 5.5 meters), the most popular construction is a solid concrete slab with no beams. The underside of the slab serves as the ceiling for the space below it. Corrugated steel decks are often used in office buildings because the corrugations, when enclosed by another sheet of metal, form ducts for telephone and electrical lines.5. Mechanical and Electrical SystemsA modern building not only contains the space for which it is intended (office, classroom, apartment) but also contains ancillary space for mechanical and electrical systems that help to provide a comfortable environment. These ancillary spaces in a skyscraper office building may constitute 25% of the total building area. The importance of heating, ventilating, electrical, and plumbing systems in an office building is shown by the fact that 40% of the construction budget is allocated to them. Because of the increased use of sealed building with windows that cannot be opened, elaborate mechanical systems are provided for ventilation and air conditioning. Ducts and pipes carry fresh air from central fan rooms and air conditioning machinery. The ceiling, which is suspended below the upper floor construction, conceals the ductwork and contains the lighting units. Electrical wiring for power and for telephone communication may also be located in this ceiling space or may be buried in the floor construction in pipes or conduits.There have been attempts to incorporate the mechanical and electrical systems into the architecture of building by frankly expressing them；for example, the American Republic Insurance Company Building(1965) in Des Moines, Iowa, exposes both the ducts and the floor structure in an organized and elegant pattern and dispenses with the suspended ceiling. This type of approach makes it possible to reduce the cost of the building and permits innovations, such as in the span of the structure.6. Soils and FoundationsAll building are supported on the ground, and therefore the nature of the soil becomes an extremely important consideration in the design of any building. The design of a foundation dependson many soil factors, such as type of soil, soil stratification, thickness of soillavers and their compaction, and groundwater conditions. Soils rarely have a single composition；they generally are mixtures in layers of varying thickness. For evaluation, soils are graded according to particle size, which increases from silt to clay to sand to gravel to rock. In general, the larger particle soils will support heavier loads than the smaller ones. The hardest rock can support loads up to 100 tons per square foot(976.5 metric tons/sq meter), but the softest silt can support a load of only 0.25 ton per square foot(2.44 metric tons/sq meter). All soils beneath the surface are in a state of compaction；that is, they are under a pressure that is equal to the weight of the soil column above it. Many soils (except for most sands and gavels) exhibit elastic properties—they deform when compressed under load and rebound when the load is removed. The elasticity of soils is often time-dependent, that is, deformations of the soil occur over a length of time which may vary from minutes to years after a load is imposed. Over a period of time, a building may settle if it imposes a load on the soil greater than the natural compaction weight of the soil. Conversely, a building may heave if it imposes loads on the soil smaller than the natural compaction weight. The soil may also flow under the weight of a building；that is, it tends to be squeezed out.Due to both the compaction and flow effects, buildings tend settle. Uneven settlements, exemplified by the leaning towers in Pisa and Bologna, can have damaging effects—the building may lean, walls and partitions may crack, windows and doors may become inoperative, and, in the extreme, a building may collapse. Uniform settlements are not so serious, although extreme conditions, such as those in Mexico City, can have serious consequences. Over the past 100 years, a change in the groundwater level there has caused some buildings to settle more than 10 feet (3 meters). Because such movements can occur during and after construction, careful analysis of the behavior of soils under a building is vital.The great variability of soils has led to a variety of solutions to the foundation problem. Wherefirm soil exists close to the surface, the simplest solution is to rest columns on a small slab of concrete(spread footing). Where the soil is softer, it is necessary to spread the column load over a greater area；in this case, a continuous slab of concrete(raft or mat) under the whole building is used. In cases where the soil near the surface is unable to support the weight of the building, piles of wood, steel, or concrete are driven down to firm soil.The construction of a building proceeds naturally from the foundation up to the superstructure. The design process, however, proceeds from the roof down to the foundation (in the direction of gravity). In the past, the foundation was not subject to systematic investigation. A scientific approach to the design of foundations has been developed in the 20th century. Karl Terzaghi of the United States pioneered studies that made it possible to make accurate predictions of the behavior of foundations, using the science of soil mechanics coupled with exploration and testing procedures. Foundation failures of the past, such as the classical example of the leaning tower in Pisa, have become almost nonexistent. Foundations still are a hidden but costly part of many buildings.The early development of high-rise buildings began with structural steel framing. Reinforced concrete and stressed-skin tube systems have since been economically and competitively used in a number of structures for both residential and commercial purposes. The high-rise buildings ranging from 50 to 110 stories that are being built all over the United States are the result of innovations and development of new structural systems.Greater height entails increased column and beam sizes to make buildings more rigid so that under wind load they will not sway beyond an acceptable limit. Excessive lateral sway may causeserious recurring damage to partitions, ceilings, and other architectural details. In addition, excessive sway may cause discomfort to the occupants of the building because of their perception of such motion. Structural systems of reinforced concrete, as well as steel, take full advantage of the inherent potential stiffness of the total building and therefore do not require additional stiffening to limit the sway.中文译文建筑及高层建筑的组成安得烈1 摘要材料和结构类型是构成建筑物各方面的组成部分，这些部分包括承重结构、围护结构、楼地面和隔墙。
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文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.设计题目：富贵小区2号楼设计一、设计题目：富贵小区2号楼设计二、建筑地点：，北临黄河路，西临燕山路。
三、基本要求1、建筑规模：建筑面积：4300-44002m，建筑层数：12层。
2、认真贯彻“适用、安全、经济、美观”的设计原则。
3、掌握建筑及结构设计的内容、方法和步骤，充分考虑影响设计的各种因素。
4、明确建筑与结构的关系。
5、学会查阅和运用有关设计规范和设计规程。
6、正确选择结构形式并进行结构布置，掌握多层建筑结构的设计方法和构造要求。
7、认真绘制图纸和编写说明书、计算书。
四、设计条件1、自然条件（1）拟建区地势平坦，拟建房屋的地理位置（见附地形图）（2）主导风向：全年主导风向为西南风。
（3）土壤冻结深度：2.0m（4）地质资料：根据工程地质勘察报告，室外地面绝对标高107.4m，土层分布均匀，自地面以下土质情况和土层厚度依次为：杂填土0.6m可塑状粉质粘土 1.2m，地基承载力130kPa硬塑状粉质粘土 2.0m，地基承载力180 kPa硬塑状粘土 3.0m，地基承载力220 kPa中砂 5.0m，地基承载力250 kPa地下静止水位距室外地面4.5m，水质对建筑物无腐蚀作用。
文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.（5）抗震设防烈度按7度进行设计，场地土类型为Ⅱ类。
2、设备条件（1）电力、供水、排水、供热均由城市系统引入。
（2）电梯依据建筑设计与防火要求设置。
五、设计内容1、建筑设计内容：编写建筑设计说明书，基本内容如下：（1）工程简介（包括建设地点、建筑性质、建筑总高度、层数、总占地面积、总建筑面积和建筑设计方案特点等）（2）建筑总平面设计；（3）建筑平面设计；（4）建筑立面设计；（5）建筑剖面设计；（6）建筑细部设计，装修处理及工程做法（如屋面做法，楼面做法，地面做法，墙体，楼梯，屋面防水，屋面排水，室内有水房间防水，门和窗选择，室外台阶，散水，防火疏散，雨篷等）；完成下列图纸绘制：a、总平面图 1：500b、首层平面图 1：100c、标准层平面图 1：100d、立面图 1：100e、剖面图（一般要求剖切楼梯间）1：100f、主要建筑节点详图 1：20或1：302、结构设计部分提供结构设计计算书一份，基本内容如下：（1）结构选型与布置（2）剪力墙类型判别及刚度计算文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.（3）荷载及地震作用计算（4）水平荷载作用下结构位移验算（5）水平荷载作用下结构内力计算（6）竖向荷载作用下结构内力计算（7）内力组合（8）剪力墙截面设计及抗震构造措施并完成下列图纸绘制：a、结构平面布置图（首层梁板布置图和标准层梁板布置图）1：100或1：200b、剪力墙配筋图1：100c、连续梁配筋图1：50d、楼屋面板配筋图1：100e、楼梯配筋图1：50六、其他说明设计图纸量不少于12张2号图，其中手工绘制建筑施工图和结构施工图各一张；结构设计采用手工计算、电算复合，设计说明书不少于15000字，外文翻译在3000字以上。
设计说明书排版格式按学院有关规定执行。
七、参考资料：1. 丰定国,王社良.抗震结构设计.武汉理工大学出版社.2001：12-412.沈浦生,梁兴文.混凝土结构.高等教育出版社.2003：28-613. 吕西林,桂国庆.高层建筑结构.武汉理工大学出版社.2003：24-444. 龙驭球,包世华.结构力学教程.高等教育出版社.1999：14-205. 段兵廷,土木工程专业英语.武汉工业大学出版社.2001：6-126. 陈文斌,章金良.建筑工程制图.同济大学出版社.1996：45-497. 方鄂华，叶列平.高层建筑结构设计.中国建筑工业出版社.20038. 李必瑜.房屋建筑学.武汉理工大学出版社.2000：12-449. 丰定国，王社良.抗震结构设计.武汉理工大学出版.2003：102-107文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.10. 龙驭球,包世华.结构力学教程.高等教育出版社.2000：68-85附图：文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.摘要该设计是高层住宅的主体结构设计，采用的是剪力墙结构。
该建筑共12层，一梯三户，总建筑面积约为4400m2，总建筑高度为38.1m。
建筑设计部分主要进行了建筑设计构思，平面布局、立面设计、剖面设计以及防火和疏散设计。
平面布局合理、立面简洁大方，满足功能要求。
结构设计包括荷载计算（重力荷载、风荷载、水平地震荷载）剪力墙、现浇楼梯、楼板的设计计算和结构配筋，在结构计算中，竖向荷载采用分层法；地震作用采用底部剪力法。
在荷载内力计算的基础上，进行了内力组合，根据荷载进行了最不利配筋计算。
在配筋计算中，考虑了构造和抗震要求，并进行了相应的构造配筋，计算结果较准确。
通过对计算结果的分析得知，剪力墙配置的数量对结构的抗侧刚度起着很大作用，而剪力墙主要是一种抵抗侧向力的单元。
在水平荷载作用下其控制截面主要是底层截面，故在一，二层加强了配筋。
关键词：剪力墙，结构设计，底部剪力法文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.AbstractThis design is ahigh-rise residential buildings in Ying County in Shandong Province, it is a shearing force wall the structure main body 12, every ladder includes three households, its construction area is about 4400m2, total built-up height is 38.1 meters .The architectural design part mainly carried on the architectural design idea, the planar configuration, the vertical surface design, the section plane has designed as well as protects from fire and disperses the design. Planar configuration reasonable, vertical surface succinct natural, satisfies the function request. The structural design including the load computation (gravity load, wind load, horizontal earthquake load) the shearing force wall, the cast-in-place staircase, the floor design calculation and the structure matches the muscle, in the structure computation, the vertical load uses the delamination; The earthquake function uses the base shearing force law. In the load endogenic force computation foundation, has carried on the endo genic force combination, carried on according to the load has matched the muscle computation disadvantageously. In matches in the muscle computation, had considered the structure and the earthquake resistance request, and carried on the corresponding structure to match the muscle, the computed result is accurate. Through knew to the computed result analysis that, the shearing force wall disposition quantity is playing the very major role to the structure anti- side rigidity, but the shearing force wall mainly is one kind of resistance side lateral force unit. Under the horizontal load function its control section mainly is the first floor section. Therefore in one, two strengthened has matched the muscle.Key word: Shearing force wall,Structural design,Base shearing force law文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.目录摘要 (I)Abstract (II)第一章绪论 (1)1.1选题背景 (1)1.2设计内容与方法 (1)1.2.1建筑设计 (1)1.2.2结构设计 (2)1.3设计成果 (2)第二章建筑说明 (3)2.1户型设计 (3)2.2立面设计 (4)2.3剖面设计 (4)2.4“四新”技术应用 (4)2.5抗震设计 (4)2.6楼梯的设计 (5)2.7关于防火的设计 (6)第三章结构计算 (8)3.1工程概况 (8)3.2主体结构布置 (8)3.3材料的选用及剪力墙截面尺寸的确定 (8)3.4剪力墙截面的类型判别及刚度计算 (8)3.4.1剪力墙的类型判别 (8)3.4.2剪力墙刚度计算 (11)3.5重力荷载计算 (17)3.6风荷载计算 (20)3.7水平地震作用计算 (21)3.7.1重力荷载代表值计算 (21)3.7.2结构基本自振周期计算 (23)3.7.3水平地震作用计算 (23)3.8结构水平位移验算 (25)3.9水平地震算作用下结构内力计算 (25)3.9.1总剪力墙总框架内力计 (25)文档从网络中收集，已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.3.9.2各片剪力墙内力计算 (26)3.10风荷载作用下结构内力计算 (37)3.10.1总剪力墙总框架内力计算 (37)3.10.2各片剪力墙内力计算 (37)3.11竖向荷载下结构内力的计算 (44)3.12内力组合....................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。