理解长难句
阅读理解长难句解析
阅读理解长难句解析一、定语从句1.P3 Y et members of the nation’s present educational and cultural elite still cling to thenotion that the United States belongs to some vaguely defined entity they refer to as “Western civilization,” by which they mean, presumably, a civilization created by people of Europe, as if Europe can even be viewed as completely uninfluenced by the rest of the world.2.P6 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there aremany stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appreciate responses will experience greater intellectual development.3.P9 In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is madeof statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.4.P10 Thus, to rectify the positions taken previously, where we contented ourselves withcondemnations, in my delegation’s opinion, we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which, after all, serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agenda.5.P11 We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical changein matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.6.P13 The revolution soon spread to Western Europe and the United States which, duemainly to the development of her northeastern iron industry, became the world’s leading industrial nation by the late 1800s.7.P13 The man who has not learned anything about how to understand his own intentionsand to make them effective, who has not learned something about what is possible and what impossible through experiences and books, will be enslaved by the political and social intentions of other men.8.P16 Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiologicalmechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the ocean’s surface and last for over 70 minutes.9.P19 While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since ininternational law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent the demarcation between that maritime area (internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.10.P19 He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in puttingeverything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.11.P 20 But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as apinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.12.P53 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine howsleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers.二、分割结构1. P54 I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of she after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.2. P54 Such an outcome, if it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.3. P 55 That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led by Britain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multisystem entity, with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.4. P55 This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.5.P58 Y ou have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense , manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.6. P63 The main burden of assuring that the resources of the federal government are well managed falls on relatively few of the five million men and women whom it employs.7. P65 It means that the United States, as compared with that position we found ourselves in immediately after World War II, had a challenge such as we did not even dream of.8. P70 Every particle has acting on it a force which urges it downward.13.P70 A new trend in radio broadcasting that developed during the late 1960s was the “talkshow”, featuring conversations between listeners and announcers or guests in the studio. 14.P72 They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individuallives.15.P74 And numerous experiments have shown once the concept of self is changed, otherthings consistent with the new concept of self are accomplished easily and without strain. 16.P75 He had no thought of the time to come when his muscles would not be so mighty, norhis health so superb, and when he would not be able to work harder.三、否定句1.P171 But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social patterns of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence.2.P172 Descriptive linguists cannot explain how a sentence is transformed – or, in other words, indicate such relationships as that between active and passive voice.3.P173 For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life – growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one –as a personal recognition of your limitations.4.P175 Who knows but it will rain tomorrow?5.P176 I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation or what river. I neither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.6.P176 He had never touched anything in the library other than American novels.7.P177 Don’t tell him more than you can help.8.P177 Rather than condemnation there was some kindness in the man’s voice.9.P178 Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.10.P179 They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law.11.P181 He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.12.P182. One can’t be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.13.P;183 Y ou cannot be careful enough. Y ou cannot take enough care.14.P184 There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents… No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children.15.P185 A book may be compared to your neighbor, if it be good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.四、省略句1.P80 If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?2.P81 Neither do we know how the universe begin, nor how it will end – if, indeed, it ends at all.3. Son and father, together, had saved the day – he by holding out for something he enjoyed and I by having the sense, finally, to realize that he was right, and to let go of my dream of how things should be.4.P85 The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.5.P85 The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some one poor ones.6.P86 To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.7.P87 For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever.8.P88 Airline pilots, in fact, whose experience is so obviously relevant that it ought to serve as a guide, often live by their own watches, ignoring local tim e, and have breakfast at midnight if necessary.9.P91 The question “what are the roads like?”may when asked at one time, refer to the condition of the surface, at another, to their narrowness, at another to the traffic upon them, and at still another to the presence or otherwise of ice or snow.10.P92 The largest known raindrops are slightly less than a quarter inch across or would be if they were perfectly round.11.P92 Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.12.P93 In their hearts, women think it is men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it – if possible during their husband’s life, but, at any rate, after his death.13.P95 I could accept this fact with calmness because I know that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.14.P98 By taking thought, men can move mountains – and have.五、分词作状语1.P150 Americans have always been deeply ambivalent, revering the nation’s immigrationroots and enjoying cheap immigrant labor, but resenting the newcomers who flood their cities,drain their service and dilute their culture.2.P152 The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently, however, with attacksmainly confined to tourists visiting the south of the country.3.P153 Blake, now 73 and living in relative poverty in a flat in Moscow, was responsible forthe deaths of several British agents after he became a Russian spy, following his capture by North Koreans and conversion to communism.4.P154 There are many other exchange expressions, but those who are not well versed inexchange terminology would do well to confine themselves to the use of expressions “favorable”and “unfavorable”when describing movements in exchange from the point of view of their countries, or to the use of “appreciate”and “depreciate”when describing a movement in the value of any particular currency.5.P155 The fuel is easy enough to produce: hydrogen can be extracted from water, usingelectricity, or cooled out of natural gas and even municipal waste, using heat.6.P156 Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, yourfingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.7.P158 Therefore, both jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be hazardous.8.P159 Since the 1950s scores of major urban newspapers have ceased operation, leavingmost large U.S. cities with no more than one morning and one afternoon newspaper.9.P159 Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever longer warning labels, tryingto anticipate every possible accident.10.P161 Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirelyautomatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.11.P162 The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in intergalactic spaceand ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a “cooling flow”, falling into the central galaxy. 12.P165 Further, many universities have become enslaved to their own bureaucratic process,often placing first-year students in classes beyond their actual level of competence, based on placement exams that do not accurately measure true ability.13.P166 Finally he had saved $ 50, which some Henning people living in Chicago, who wereback home visiting, had assured him was enough to see him eat and sleep long enough to find himself a job that would put him on his feet.。
英语阅读理解长难句分析技巧指南
英语阅读理解长难句分析技巧指南英语长句和难句一般结构复杂，逻辑层次多；并列成分和插入成分多；修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长；各种从句多，并且从句与从句之间的关系复杂；省略和倒装经常出现；由于结构的需要，常见的搭配常常会颠倒或提前等等。
长难句分析方法指南英语句子无论多么复杂，它们都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来的。
所以，在理解英语句子的时候，理解并且拆分句子的语法结构和逻辑结构就自然而然成为了我们解题的突破口。
怎么拆分呢？我们可以把主句和从句拆分出来，即找出全句的主语，谓语和宾语；找出句中所有的谓语结构，非谓语结构，介词短语和从句的引导词；分析各从句的作用以及它们之间的关系。
说的具体一点，可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分，进而更加有效地理解英语原文。
长难句分析注意事项在分析句子成分时，还应该特别注意下列几点：1 是否有同位语和插入语。
2 是否有省略，倒装和分隔等现象。
3 替代词的所指对象。
4 判断并列成分的层次。
通常起承上启下的作用，不要将5 并列连词and, or, but, for它们归入后文的句法分析。
6 在从句多的句子中，从句中又包含从句的现象。
7 非谓语动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时又带着自己较长的从属成分，尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。
8 在有多个的复合句和并列句中，状语（单个词，短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。
长难句分析实例1. Decision-thinking is unlike poker---it often matters not only what you think, b ut also w hat others t hink you think and what you think they think you think.分析：这句话不长，但是由于有多个从句，并且还有省略，所以难度很大。
破折号把这个长句分成为两个句子，前边是简单句，其中not unlike构成双重否定表肯定；后面的是复合句，进一步说明前面的内容。
长难句分析理解课件+-2022届高考英语复习
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.
确定主语，调整语序，把握大意
Exercise 6
英语长难句结构分析法
枝叶1：介词短语作状语
枝叶2：同位语
忽略插入成分，直奔句子主题
Exercise 4
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ·阅读D) . The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients， while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
介词短语
数字
介词短语
时间状语
目的状语
时间状语
时间状语
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
较复杂单句的处理方法---去枝叶，留主干
枝叶3：后置定语
枝叶1:时间状语
枝叶2：插入语
Exercise 2
第二类：并列句（句中含大量的插入语、修饰成分、同位语等，他们打断读者的思路） 方法：一圈，二划，三会意
英语学习中的常见阅读障碍及克服方法
英语学习中的常见阅读障碍及克服方法英语学习中的阅读障碍对很多学习者来说是一个普遍存在的问题。
无论是理解长难句、掌握生词、还是解析隐含意义，都可能给学习者带来困扰。
然而，通过一些科学有效的方法，我们可以克服这些阅读障碍。
本文将介绍英语学习中的常见阅读障碍及相应的克服方法。
1. 障碍一：理解长难句在英语阅读中，一些复杂的句子结构可能会让学习者困惑。
然而，我们可以通过以下方法来解决这个问题：首先，学习者应该建立自己的语法基础。
通过学习和掌握英语语法的规则和结构，能够更好地理解长难句的含义。
其次，尝试分解长难句。
将长句分解成简单的短句，逐步理解每个短句的意思，然后再将这些短句组合在一起，得到整个句子的含义。
最后，多读多练。
通过大量的阅读练习，不断接触各种类型的长难句，可以提高对复杂句子的理解能力。
2. 障碍二：生词掌握困难在阅读过程中，遇到一些生词可能会妨碍对文章整体的理解。
为了克服这个问题，我们可以使用以下方法：首先，学习者可以通过上下文推测生词的意思。
在句子中寻找关键词，了解上下文给出的线索，从而猜测生词的含义。
其次，使用词典查询。
当遇到无法推测的生词时，可以使用英汉词典或者网络词典进行查询。
学习者要善于利用各种资源。
最后，记忆和复习。
将学到的生词记录下来，定期进行复习，帮助巩固记忆，提高词汇量。
3. 障碍三：解析隐含意义有时，一些文章中的隐含意义和引申意义可能会让学习者感到困惑。
为了更好地理解文章的真正含义，我们可以采取以下方法：首先，培养推理能力。
通过分析语境和逻辑关系，推测出语句背后的真实意图。
通过将隐含意义与自己的经验和知识联系起来，加深理解。
其次，学习者应该注重扩大自己的文化背景知识和阅读广度。
了解不同文化的背景和形成的习惯用语，有助于更好地理解文化隐喻和引申意义。
最后，和其他学习者讨论。
参与讨论和交流可以帮助理解和阐释隐含意义。
通过和他人分享理解和观点，可以提供不同的角度和思考方式。
总结：阅读是英语学习中重要的一部分，同时也是一个可能存在障碍的过程。
大学英语阅读理解长难句解析
大学英语阅读理解长难句解析
长难句在大学英语阅读理解中是一个普遍存在的现象。
在阅读理解的过程中，要理解长难句是必不可少的，因为长难句的结构往往复杂，需要仔细分析和研究。
而理解长难句也需要一些技巧和方法，以下是一些简单有效的技巧和方法：
1. 找出主干
长难句通常包含多个从句和各种修饰语，如果没有找出主干，就难以理清其结构。
所以，找出主干是理解长难句的第一步。
主干是句子中最重要的成分，也是句子的中心思想所在。
2. 利用标点符号
标点符号在长难句中起到了很重要的作用，可以帮助我们理解句子的结构。
比如，逗号可以分割句子成分，引号可以标识出语言或引用的内容。
3. 寻找关键词
长难句通常有很多修饰语和从句，这些语句中的关键词是理解句子结构的关键。
找到关键词可以帮助我们更好地理解整个句子。
4. 确定从句
长难句中常常包含从句，而从句又可以是定语从句、状语从句或者名词性从句。
确定从句是理解长难句的关键。
从句与主句的关系对于整个句子的理解至关重要。
总之，在大学英语阅读理解中，理解长难句是必不可少的。
我们需要采用一些方法和技巧，如找出主干、利用标点符号、寻找关键词和确定从句等，才能更好地理解长难句，并在阅读中获取更多的信息。
2023年高考英语真题解析 阅读理解长难句分析
2023年高考英语真题解析阅读理解长难句分析Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.接下来进行分析解释。
长难句解析：这个句子虽然看起来长而且结构复杂，但是实际上它的结构清晰明了。
第一步：理出来句子的主次，以做到主次分明。
represented之前是主干，主干是一个主系表结构。
represented之后是次要部分。
主干的内容是：Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of everyday object —the book. 意思是：《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》颂扬的是书籍这一日常物品。
主干理解疑难点：1，英语没有专门的书名号，书籍名称、文章名称，电影名称等等需要用斜体表示出来。
当然这篇文章后面也明确提到了这是一本书（book of books关于书籍的书）。
2 celebration表示：庆祝，庆典，还可以表示颂扬。
这里意思不是庆祝书籍，而是颂扬书籍的意思。
第二步，理解句子次要的修饰部分：represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.意思是：这种颂扬体现在《阅读的艺术：关于书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里面，书里面有来自世界各地博物馆约300件艺术作品。
二，次要部分理解疑难点：1，represent的意思很多，可以表示：代表，体现，展示。
这里represented是过去分词表示被动，意思是：对书籍的颂扬被这些艺术作品体现了出来。
2，这个句子中的here（这里）到底是哪里？实际上，here(这里)指的是这本书。
高考英语阅读理解长难句解析
第一部分：高中英语长难句解析在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。
纵观历年高考英语试题，可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。
不难理解，命题者在句子难度上大做文章，无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式，从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。
下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。
一、复合从句这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。
其实，不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
这些从句都很常见，考生比较熟悉，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时，考生应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
二、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。
考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。
此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
三、成分省略在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。
省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。
成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。
英语六级长难句理解技巧
英语六级长难句理解技巧英语六级考试是很多学生们朝思暮想的一场挑战，其中长难句作为考试的一大难点，经常让考生们望而生畏。
但是掌握一些长难句的理解技巧，就能帮助我们更好地应对考试。
下面就来介绍一些英语六级长难句理解技巧：1. 逐词分析法逐词分析法是一种比较基础的长难句理解技巧。
即通过逐个词语的意思来理解整个句子。
这种方法一般适用于较简单的长句，比如由and, but, or等连词连接的句子。
逐词分析法可以帮助我们更清晰地理解句子结构，从而准确把握句子的含义。
2. 主谓宾定补结构分析法主谓宾定补结构分析法是针对复杂长句的一种解析方法。
在遇到较难的长句时，我们可以先找到句子的主语、谓语、宾语、定语和补语，然后逐一分析它们之间的语法关系，找出句子的主线，再理解句子的细节内容。
通过主谓宾定补结构分析法，我们可以更有条理地理解长句的结构和意义。
3. 多角度递进理解法多角度递进理解法是一种较灵活的长句理解方法。
当遇到长句难以理解时，我们可以通过多角度、递进式地分析句子，从不同的角度去理解句子的含义。
比如从上下文、词语、语法结构等多个方面入手，逐步拆解句子的复杂性，最终理解整个句子的意思。
4. 基于逻辑关系的推理法有些长句由于句子结构复杂，很难直接理解，这时我们可以通过逻辑关系进行推理。
通过分析句子中的条件、因果、对比、转折等逻辑关系，我们可以推测出句子的含义，帮助我们更好地理解长难句。
总之，英语六级长难句并不是无法逾越的障碍，只要我们掌握了一些长难句的理解技巧，就能更轻松地应对考试。
希望以上介绍的长难句理解技巧能够帮助到大家，祝大家英语六级考试取得好成绩！。
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找出修饰成分，理解长难句
找出修饰成分，那么理解长难句也就变得轻而易举了。
句子的主干就是“一个角色表演一出戏”，而这些修饰语就是他的服装，妆容和道具。
如果这角色不喜欢穿衣服就有点危险了。
所以演好一出戏还是需要修饰成分。
最简但的修饰就是一个形容词或副词。
通常前者来修饰名词，后者可以描述动词、形容词、副词。
这时候，汉语和英语表达是类似的。
、
如：一个黑不溜秋的包大人 a black Mr. Bao 经常说英语usually speak English 但是你有时候也会遇到这种情况，找不到词来精确地形容。
于是咱们就要把修饰成分变长。
此时，汉语和英语的表达方式就不同了。
1.位置变化
在汉语中，不管修饰语有多长，一般都放在修饰词之前。
我有一个我爷爷去年在家里送给我的祖传书包。
修饰成分
而放在英语中，当修饰成分变长后，他就得放在被修饰词后面。
I have a bag which my grandfather give to me at home last year .
2.形式变化
汉语中的修饰成分长得很朴实。
虽然写法不一样“的得地”但不管用哪个字，都是一个形式——....的、....第、.....地。
长难句中提取出来，关键还在于搞清楚三种修饰成分的起止标志。
介词短语，根据定义，它从一个介词开始到一个名词结束。
With a book/ at home/in a place 非谓语和从句，虽然二者有不同的开始标志:
doing ,done, to do ＆which, that ,who ,what, how, why....
但结束标志是一致的。
1.到标点符号结束
I have a bag given by my grandfather. I have a bag which my grandpa gave to me.
开始结束开始结束
2.到下一个修饰语结束
I have a bag given by my grandpa who is handsome.
I have a bag which my grandpa give to me at home.
3.到下一个谓语动词结束
The bag given to me by my grandpa is yellow.
The bag which my grandpa gave to me looks great.
了解这三种修饰成分从哪里开始到哪里结束自后，咋们就要给从句脱衣服了。
如：After getting the main idea of the story about a dog who is separated from his family, I returned to my home.
1.首先找介词短语after, of , about ,to
2.找非谓语getting the main idea
3.最后看有没有从句who is separated from his family
去掉这些修饰成分，发现了吗？句子的主干就讲了一件事——I returned。