新版泛读教程4 unit3 globalization
英语泛读教程4第三版翻译(全)

1天才与工匠许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说,但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。
以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程,以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。
有一次,我在暮色中来到小树林边一棵鲜花盛开的小桃树前。
我久久站在那里凝视着,直到最后一道光线消逝。
我看不到那树原先的模样,看不见曾穿透果核,能崩碎你的牙齿的力量,也看不到那使它与橡树和绿草相区别的原则。
显现在我面前的,是一种深邃而神秘的魅力。
当读者读到一部杰出的小说时,他也会这样如痴如狂,欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心,不提出任何问题。
但即使是个初学写作者也知道,除那将小说带到世上的文字之外,还有更多的构成小说生命的因素,小说的生命并不始于写作,而始于内心深处的构思。
要创作出有独创性的作品,并不要求懂得创造的功能。
多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑,而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。
然而,在我看来,对创造工作一定程度的了解,至少会使我们通过知道两个事实,增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。
首先,天赋不是掌握了技艺的艺术家独有的特性,而是人脑的创造性功能。
不仅所有对技艺的掌握都含有天赋,而且每个人都具有天赋,无论他的天赋发展是何等不充分。
对技艺的掌握是天赋的显现,是经过培养的,发展了的和受过训练的天赋。
你的天赋在最原始的层面上起作用。
它的任务就是创造。
它是你的故事的创造者。
第二,将你的小说带进世界的文字是艺术家的工作,它就和一个泥瓦匠的工作一样,有意识、谨慎而实实在在。
天赋正如理解力、记忆力和想象力一样是我们的精神禀赋中的天然部分,而技艺却不是。
它必须通过实践才能学到,并要通过实践才能掌握。
如果要使在我们内心深处浮现的故事跃然纸上,光彩照人,那么,每个故事都须有感染力极强的优雅文笔。
只有健全的技艺才能使我们做到这一点。
一个故事是如何酝酿成的呢?据说,我们从一生中的前二十年,或许前五年起就开始写作。
这可能取决于个人,而写作中的很多事都取决于个人。
上外版泛读教学教程第四册答案解析

* * 上外泛读教程第四册答案Unit 1 Language TestingSection AWord Pretest1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A6.C7.C8.CReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.B7.C8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. works his fingers to the bone2. burns the midnight oil3. falls down on the job4. hits the books5. does back-breaking work6. works like a dogGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.D2.C3.A4.B5.D6.D7.D8.D9.A 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.AAnalogies* * 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.AClozeits progress leaving onerefer both which withleads that since madeSection B1.B2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.C8.B9.C 10.C 11.B 12.BSection C1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.F7.T8.TUnit 2 ExplorationSection AWord Pretest1.C2.C3.B4.A5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B 10.C 11.AReading Comprehension* * 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. has a green thumb2. is a breeze3. has two left feet4. has a golden touch5. has a nose for6. is easy as pieGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. illegality2. ambitiously3. discriminative4. persistent5. resistance6. Contamination7. invalid8. fantastically9. specifically10. have amused11. magical 12. ignorant 13. survive 14. explored 15. intimidate 16. bulky 17. pilgrimage 18. galaxy 19. transformation 20. alienatedAnalogies1.B2.A3.D4.A5.D6.B7.B8.BCloze* * until Most reached fromice combined and deepover includes inSection B1.F2.T3.F4.T5.C6.B7.A8.C9.A 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.BSection C1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.T 10.T 11.T 12.TUnit 3 RefugeeSection AWord Pretest1.C2.C3.C4.C5.A6.A7.B8.CReading Comprehension1.C2.D3.D4.A5.D6.A7.C8.B9.CVocabulary Building* *Idioms1. down to earth2. putting on airs3. is showing off4. thinks he is God’s gift to mankind5. put…in their place6. blowing his own hornGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. D2.D3.A4.B5.A6.A7.A8.B9.B 10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.A 19.D 20.DAnalogies1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D6.C7.C8.DClozemost take grow costing protecting middle found affected for powerlessSection B1.D2.C3.D4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.T 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B Section C* * 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.TUnit 4 CigarettesSection AWord Pretest1.B2.B3.B4.B5.A6.A7.C8.B9.CReading Comprehension1.C2.B3.C4.B5.C6.B7.C8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. held his tongue2.see eye to eye3. mind his own business4. rocked the boat5. buried the hatchet6. flowed with the tide7. button her lips 8. let sleeping dogs lifeGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. retaliatory2. rudimental3. presumptuous4. perplexed5. averted* * 6. conjecture 7. satirist 8. boisterously 9. abundance 10. improvised 11. various 12. intention 13. proposed 14. original 15. created 16. advocating 17. trendy 18. promising 19. consultation 20. graciousAnalogies1.B2.B3.D4.D5.B6.C7.D8.CClozeagainst increased in warnings Moreover smoking observance around bring consumptionSection B1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.C7.F8.T9.B 10.C 11.A 12.CSection C1.C2.B3.C4.B5.B6.C7.C8.CUnit 5 GlobalizationSection A* * Word Pretest1.A2.C3.C4.B5.B6.B7.B8.BReading Comprehension1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. left us high and dry2. faces up to3. passes the buck4. will shoulder the responsibility5. worm out of6. points his finger atGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.D2.B3.C4.C5.B6.A7.B8.A9.B 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.BAnalogies* * 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.AClozeEnglish information trouble risinggrave survival promotes proclaimed benefits exceptions accompanied stemsSection B1.C2.B3.C4.F5.T6.T7.A8.A9.C 10.A 11.T 12.F 13.TSection C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.TUnit 6 ImmigrantsSection AWord Pretest1.A2.A3.C4.A5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B* *Reading Comprehension1.C2.B3.B4.C5.B6.C7.D8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. find middle ground2. all or nothing3. meet people halfway4. sticks to her guns5. middle-of-the-road6. give-and-takeGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. frustrating2. exaggeration3. inspiring4. industrious5. conversed6. comfortably7. inappropriate8. Distinguished9. traditional10. descriptively11. tyrant 12. uncertainty 13. persecuted 14. pursues15. hostile16. flight 17. labor 18. chaos 19. exceptional 20. strengthen Analogies* * 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.CClozesuffered freedom leave aboardjourney elected faced experiencewithout until including helpplant celebrateSection B1.A2.B3.A4.D5.C6.F7.F8.F9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C Section C1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.TUnit 7 EcologySection AWord Pretest* * 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.BReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.A5.A6.C7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. give up2. go through with3. hang in there4. stick with5. sweat…outGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.C2.C3.C4.A5.C6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.AAnalogies1.C2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.D8.CClozebranch made more onproblem less realize ecologynatural without strict results* * Section B1.B2.C3.B4.F5.T6.C7.A8.C9.A 10.B 11.BSection C1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.FUnit 8 HolocaustSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.B 10.BReading Comprehension1.A2.B3.B4.C5.C6.B7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is on her own2. is a copycat3. lead her by the nose4. cut the apronstrings5. is a yes-man6. has a mind of her own7. stand on his own two feetGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. aggravated2. resolve3. method/methodology4. admonishments/admonitions5. clinic6.congenial7. acute8. derision9. dramatic 10. implement 11. artistic 12. marked/ remarkable 13. terrorized 14. mentality 15. diverted 16. monstrous17 perceptions 18. extremity 19. spontaneous 20. dictatedAnalogies1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C6.D7.D8.CClozewhich by attached inbut as regarded belegendary rooted moved knownSection B1.A2.B3.C4.A5.T6.F7.T8.B9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A Section C1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.FUnit 9 Diplomatic PracticeSection AWord Pretest1.B2.C3.A4.B5.B6.C7.C8.BReading Comprehension1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.B7.C8.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. was as tough as nails2. went to pieces3. keep your chin up4. hold his head up5. was cool as a cucumber6. fell apart7. pulled herself togetherGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.C2.B3.B4.D5.B6.B7. B8.A9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.DAnalogies1.B2.B3.A4.D5.A6.C7.D8.DClozeThere within law under also examples which for usedSection B1.C2.C3.A4.A5.F6.T7.T8.F9.C 10.A 11.F 12.T 13.TUnit 10 ChristianitySection AWord Pretest1.C2.C3.B4.B5.A6.C7.A8.B* *Reading Comprehension1.C2.B3.C4.C5.A6.B7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. reached the boiling point2. blew up3. gritted his teeth4. held her temper5. was hot-headed6. counted to tenGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. transient2. partial3. vaguely4. picturesque5. humbleness6. consolation7. showy8. casually9. province 10. meek 11. authorizes 12. weakened 13. resentful 14. confession 15. criticism 16. guidance17. reliance 18. obedience 19. characterizedAnalogies1.D2.C3.C4.C5.B6.D7.D8.CCloze* * associated work Protestant brought distinction with colonies rootat called merged denomination Section B1.A2.B3.C4.C5.B6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.C 13.C 14.A Section C1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.TUnit 11 PoliticsSection AWord Pretest1.B2.C3.B4.C5.B6.B7.C8.A9.B 10.AReading Comprehension1. B2.D3.C4.C5.C6.D7.B8.DVocabulary Building* *Idioms1. icy stare2. gave me the cold shoulder3. was cool toward me4. welcomed us with open arms5. turns his nose up at6. turns her back onGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.D2.D3.A4.A5.D6.B7.D8.B9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.BAnalogies1.B2.B3.C4.C5.B6.D7.C8.DClozeminds aided requires peace relationshiplittle for alone recreation doingSection B1.C2.A3.C4.T5.F6.T7.F8.C9.D 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C* * Section A1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.F8.T9.F 10.TUnit 12 ArtSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.B4.A5.A6.B7.A8.B9.C 10.AReading Comprehension1.C2.A3.B4.B5.C6.A7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is a loner2. two heads are better than one3. brainstorms4.goes it alone5. put their heads together6. joined forces7. pools her resources 8. lend…a handGeneral Vocabulary Exercise* * 1. reluctant 2. diversifying/ to diversify 3. optimists 4. serenely 5. expectations 6. imposing 7. expended 8. rarity9. perceptive 10. symbolically 11. traditional 12. essence 13. influential 14. imagination 15.visualize 16. construction17. multiplied 18. ironic/ ironical 19. depth 20. inspiredAnalogies1.B2.A3.D4.A5.A6.D7.B8.CClozewith lay problem Among painter depicts myth as expression ancientsat correctness are proportions toSection B1.C2.C3.B4.A5.C6.F7.T8.T9.B 10.C 11.A 12.ASection C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T* *Unit 13 GeneticsSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.B4.B5.A6.A7.C8.AReading Comprehension1.B2.B3.C4.A5.C6.C7.C8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is hard-hearted2. goes to bat for3. has a heart4. has a heart of gold5. has a heart of stone6. is tight fisted7. is warm-heartedGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.B2.B3.C4.A5.D6.B7.B8.C9.B 10.B 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.B 20.D* * Analogies1.A2.A3.B4.C5.D6.A7.D8.CClozeMoreover interested between identicalup relationships establish whetherwith faithfully combinations afterSection B1.T2.T3.F4.B5.D6.B7.T8.F9.F 10.F 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.C 15.A Section C1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.T 10.TUnit 14 Society and ValuesSection AWord Pretest1.B2.B3.C4.C5.C6.A7.C8.B9.C 10.A* * Reading Comprehension1.B2.C3.C4.B5.C6.A7.C8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is on cloud nine2. is down in the dumps3. is in seventh heaven4. is out of sorts5. is tickled pink6. is feeling blue7. is walking on air 8. is on top of the worldGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. anticipate2. justifiable3. ambition4. determination5. agreed6. befriended7. Perishable8. expression9. theoretical 10. profundity 11. worships 12. mythic/ mythical 13. passionate 14. worthwhile/ worthy 15. longing16. crime 17 fascinating 18. obsessive 19. exposure 20. ridiculedAnalogies1.B2.A3.D4.B5.A6.D7.D8.BCloze* * making which on right markedwith away created with asSection B1.C2.C3.C4.D5.A6.B7.B8.C9.D 10.D 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.C 15.BSection C1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.F7.F8.F9.T 10.T 11.T 12.TUnit 15 EconomicsSection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.B4.A5.C6.C7.A8.BReading Comprehension1.C2.A3.B4.A5.B6.A7.C8.BVocabulary Building* *Idioms1. is right on target2. beats around the bush3. misses the mark4. is off base5. gets to the heart of6. hits the nail on the headGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.A2.B3.A4.D5.B6.D7.C8.B9.C 10.D 11.A 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.AAnalogies1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.A7.D8.CClozecauses out worse Thaton dominant sustaining toexpecting rise form howeverSection B1.C2.B3.T4.F5.T6.B7.C8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.TSection C1.F2.F3.T4.F5.F6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.FUnit 16 TechnologySection AWord Pretest1.C2.B3.C4.A5.C6.A7.B8.CReading Comprehension1.B2.A3.B4.A5.C6.C7.B8.C9.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is an old hand at2. knows…like the back of her hand3. know the ropes4. was not born yesterday5. is…green6. live-and-learnGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. repugnant2. brutally3. intangibles4. detonated5. analysis6. placid7. enormously8. glee9.vexed 10. Rigorous 11. various 12. applied 13. competitive 14. storage 15. knowledgeable16. specialty 17. promising 18. commerce 19. intricate 20. beneficialAnalogies1.D2.D3.C4.A5.D6.D7.C8.BClozeforce dated what intelligent protective species producing protest something extinctionSection B1.C2.C3.C4.T5.F6.T7.F8.B9.C 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.B Section C1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T6.F7.T8.FUnit 17 PhilosophySection A* *Word Pretest1.A2.B3.B4.C5.C6.A7.B8.C9.A 10.CReading Comprehension1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.C7.B8.CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is two-faced2. tells it like it is3. talks behind her friends’backs4. bared her soul5. looked her mother in the eye6. lay her cards on the tableGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1.D2.D3.A4.B5.C6.D7.D8.A9.C 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.BAnalogies1.A2.D3.B4.A5.A6.B7.C8.BCloze* * Born associated who hostilityafter which there toown last founded includingbefore wasSection B1.C2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.B8.C9.B 10.B 11.F 12.F 13.TUnit 18 EssayQuestions on “Of Negotiating”1.A2.C3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.C9.C 10.BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. eyes were bigger than his stomach2. lost his head3. bit off more than she could chew4. eats like a horse5. burned herself out6. spread herself too thin7. taking it easyGeneral Vocabulary Building* * 1. association 2. reliability 3. opposite 4. controversy 5. disposal6. Polluted7. attractively8. Conformity9. retiring 10. evasive 11. speech 12. service 13. inferior 14. faithfully 15. quicken 16. crafty 17. awesome 18. ripened 19. solitary 20. trulyAnalogies1.C2.D3.D4.C5.C6.D7.B8.AClozecharacter comparison lacked while intodeep virtue caused excess alsois like scientific which to。
大学英语泛读教程第四册全文翻译

Unit 1Text天才与工匠许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说,但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。
以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程,以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。
1.有一次,我在暮色中来到小树林边一棵鲜花盛开的小桃树前。
我久久站在那里凝视着,直到最后一道光线消逝。
我看不到那树原先的模样,看不见曾穿透果核,能崩碎你的牙齿的力量,也看不到那使它与橡树和绿草相区别的原则。
显现在我面前的,是一种深邃而神秘的魅力。
2. 当读者读到一部杰出的小说时,他也会这样如痴如狂,欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心,不提出任何问题。
3.但即使是个初学写作者也知道,除那将小说带到世上的文字之外,还有更多的构成小说生命的因素,小说的生命并不始于写作,而始于内心深处的构思。
4. 要创作出有独创性的作品,并不要求懂得创造的功能。
多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑,而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。
然而,在我看来,对创造工作一定程度的了解,至少会使我们通过知道两个事实,增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。
5. 首先,天赋不是掌握了技艺的艺术家独有的特性,而是人脑的创造性功能。
不仅所有对技艺的掌握都含有天赋,而且每个人都具有天赋,无论他的天赋发展是何等不充分。
对技艺的掌握是天赋的显现,是经过培养的,发展了的和受过训练的天赋。
你的天赋在最原始的层面上起作用。
它的任务就是创造。
它是你的故事的创造者。
6. 第二,将你的小说带进世界的文字是艺术家的工作,它就和一个泥瓦匠的工作一样,有意识、谨慎而实实在在。
天赋正如理解力、记忆力和想象力一样是我们的精神禀赋中的天然部分,而技艺却不是。
它必须通过实践才能学到,并要通过实践才能掌握。
如果要使在我们内心深处浮现的故事跃然纸上,光彩照人,那么,每个故事都须有感染力极强的优雅文笔。
泛读第四册Unit3 讲义

Unit Three: RefugeesI. Time Allotment: all together 3 periodsII. Teaching Objectives and Requirements1. The students will learn the seriousness of refugee problems in different regions andcountries of the world like Africa, former Yugoslavia, Asia, and Caribbean countries.2. The students will learn some of the words related to the topic of text like repatriation,UNHCR, Humanitarian concern, mandate, displace, asylum, CIS and so on.3. The students will learn the English names of some of the countries and regions which areclosely related with refugee problems and can be often heard in radio international news. III. Teaching Methods and Means1. teacher explanation and clarification2. questions and answers3. students reflection and discussionIV. Teaching Process1. Students will be given two minutes to solve the vocabulary problems listed in Word Pretest and then check the answers with the teacher2. Global reading: Students will be given another 3 minutes to skim the text to find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para 1: This paragraph is about the introduction to the refugee crisis in the world.Para 2: This paragraph is mainly about the deterioration of the humanitarian crisis in Africa.Para 3: This paragraph is mainly talking about the refugee situation in Europe.Para 4 and 5: These two paragraphs are illustrated the refugee situation in Asia.Para 6: This paragraph is mainly about the refugee situation in America.3. Text understanding:Students will be given another 2 minutes to scan the each paragraph and answer the following questions:paragraph One:1) What is UNHCR? 2) What is another word for refugee?3) What is the author’s purpose to give a list of statistics concerning the problems ofrefugees?paragraph Two:1) Which event caused the humanitarian crisis in the African Great Lakes region?2) What factors turned the African countries that had traditionally welcomed refugees to be less generous?3) What is the factor that may complicate the return of the new refugees? Why?4) Why UNHCR should implement small-scale projects to bridge the gap between emergency and long-term development?paragraph Three:1) What is possible to happen as a result of territorial adjustment in former Yugoslavia?2) What happened in 1994 on western Europe?paragraph Four & Five:1) Who were the largest refugee caseload of concern to UNHCR?2) Why are Mozambicans mostly reluctant to return to their motherland?3) How many Sri Lanka remained in camps in India in the first half of 1995?paragraph Six:1) What increased the wariness of potential returnees in Mexico?4. The teacher further checks students comprehension with the use of comprehension questions listed below the text and clarifies the points where their comprehension breaks down.5. The teacher will check the answers with the students concerning vocabulary exercises asafter-class assignments, giving further explanation in class for the points that students fail to get right.V. Key Points and Difficult Points in Teaching1.total number of persons of concern to the Office of the United Nations HighCommissioner for Refugees had risen to…: the total number of persons for whomUNHCR shows concern for had risen toif sth. is of concern to you, it is important to you and you feel worried about it.eg. The rise of unemployment is of great concern to the government.2.fell under the mandate of : fell within the scope of the mission of…. The word mandatehere means mission.3.other displaced persons(L6): other persons who have been forced to leave theirhomeland or their own country to live elsewhere, for example,1.Many people were forcibly displaced by the flood.# repatriate(L8): to send sb back to their own countryeg. At the end of the war, prisoners were repatriated.4.implement: usually collocates with the words like plan, policy, program, and so on,meaning to put into effect or to carry out.5.seeking permanent solution to their dislocation: seeking to dissolve the problem of theirdislocation permanently. Here the word dislocation means the same as the worddisplacement, referring to the fact that the refugees have been forced to live away fromtheir native country or land.6. preferably through voluntary repatriation:here the author means that the mostsatisfying means to solve the problem of refugee dislocation is to sending them back totheir own country out of their own will.7continue to fester: continue to get more serious8strained the generosity of those countries:here the author means that the existing problems have been putting too much pressure on those countries and cause them to become less generous in accepting and helping the refugees from neighboring countries.9asylum: seek asylum/ take asylum10caseload: all those people for whom a doctor or social worker is responsible. In this text, the word refers to the total number of refugees.11UNHCR turned its focus to helping their long-integration into a devastated country: here the author means that UNHCR changed the focus of its mission and began to helprefugees who have returned to their home countries become long-term members of theirown countries that have been completely destroyed during the wars.12 A duplication of the Mozambican repatriation was hoped for in Angola: UNHCRwas hoping to repatriate Angola refugees in the same way as they had repatriatedMozambican refugees.13…where a fragile peace prevailed after 20 years of civil war…: here the author means that in Angola, after 20 years of civil war, the country was in peace. However, with an unstable political climate, the peace might not last. Any minor racial or political conflict might put an end to the peaceful situation.14nationals: as a noun the word refers to citizens of a country15UNHCR assisted their reintegration by means of small-scale projects intended to bridge the gap between emergency relief and long-term development: : In the past, the major mission of UNHCR was to provide refugees with emergency relief, now the institution realizes that emergency relief is not sufficient to assist the refugees reintegrate into the races in the countries, so they launch some small-scale projects aiming atimproving the well-being of the refugees to bridge the gap between emergency relief and long-term development16Ushered in prospects for: marked the start of the bright prospects for17In former Yugoslavia aggressors and victims changed roles as the war increased the displaced-person population: here the author means that because the war increased the displaced-person population, even aggressors suffered, and they themselves also became victims of the war. This is the same to say that for a war there should be no complete winner.18…more people could be displaced to accommodate territorial adjustments: As a result of the war in former Yugoslavia, the country split up into several independentcountries. This fact led to a change in territorial division among the countries that used to be only provinces of former Yugoslavia. As a result, more people had to be moved out of the area where they used to live so that they would live in a newly independent country where the people of their own races dominate the population.19As a token of this, s ome 750 rebels against the Bosnian government, fearful of their reception, returned from Croatia: As an example or symbol of the displacement ofpopulation due to territorial adjustment, about 750 people, who used to rebel against Bosnian government, returned from Croatia to Bosnia for fear that they would not be received by Croatia government.20UNHCR and concerned governments of the CIS developed a regional approach to the problems affecting refugees…: UNHCR and governments of some of CIS countries related to the problems of refugees, displaced persons, and migrants of the wardeveloped means which could help to solve the refugee problems within the region.21As Afghanistan remained divided into regions of relative peace and ongoing combat, UNHCR attempted to encourage repatriation and reduce further outflows by intensifying its activities in safer areas within the country: In Afghanistan combat was going on in some regions, but in some other regions people enjoyed relative peace. According to this actual situation, UNHCR attempted to encourage Afghan refugees in the neighboring countries to return to the safer areas in their own country and it also tried to reduce the number of refugees who might further flow out of the country by intensifying its relief operations in safer areas of the country.22 A major impediment to return and rehabilitation- as was the case also in Angola,Cambodia, and Mozambique-was the presence of indiscriminately sown land mines: To encourage refugees to return to their own country and to restore the refugees to theirnormal state of life, a major barrier was the fact that in Afghanistan there were numerous land mines which had been planted or sown everywhere without discrimination by Taliban. These land mines are a major threat to the lives of returnees. This is also the situation for refugee relief works in some other countries like Angola, Cambodia, and Mozambique where land mines sown during the war also constitutes a major threat to people’s lives.23in a departure: in the beginning24…their camps were targeted: their camps became the target of attacks of Turkish military operations25…make Iran the top country of asylum: make Iran a country which accepted the largest number of refugees26…ebbed and flowed with development of Sri Lanka: the refugees increased and decreased in number with the development of war between Sri Lankan governmentalarmies and Tamil Tiger militants.27Plight: serious and difficult situation or condition28Proceed: go on29grant asylum to somebody: to allow somebody enjoy the status of refugeesVI. Reflection Questions and Assignment1. The following question is for students to reflect and discuss in class:What do you think is the most fundamental cause of the world refugee problem?What do you think people in the world should do to sustain the peaceful development of the world?2. For assignments, students will do the exercises to the text and read text two in Section C autonomously after class.VII. Major ReferenceKeys To Reading Courses 1-4 王守仁赵文书等编上海外语教育出版社2005年12月第1版VIII. Teaching JournalIt seems that the text is quite difficult for students according to their performance in the class. Students are unfamiliar to the background knowledge about refugees in different countries.1. 让·贝特朗·阿里斯蒂德(Jean-Bertrand Aristide) 1953年7月15日生于海地南部的萨尔特鲁,1979年,阿里斯蒂德毕业于海地国家大学,获心理学硕士学位。
泛读教程第四册答案

Unit 1 Language TestingSection AWord pretest1. AReading ComprehensionVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. works his fingers to the bone2. burns the midnight oil3.falls down on the job4. hits the books5.does back-breaking work6. works like a dogGeneral Vocabulary ExerciseAnalogiesClozeits progress leaving one refer both which leads that sincewith madeSection BSection CUnit 2 ExplorationSection AWord Pretest1. CReading Comprehension2. BVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. has a green thumb2. is a breeze3. has two left feet4.has a golden touch5. has a nose for6. is easy as pieGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. 2. ambitiously 3. discriminative 4. persistent resistance6.Contamination 9. specifically amused11. magical 12. ignorant 13. survive 14. exploredintimidate 17. pilgrimageAnalogies 1. B 2. A Cloze until Most reached from ice combined and deep over includes inSection BSection C1. T2. T 4. F7. F 9. T 10. TUnit 3RefugeeSection AWord pretest Reading ComprehensionVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. down to earth3. is showing off to mankind 5. put …in theirplace 2. putting on airs4. thinks he is God' 6. blowing his own horns giftGeneral Vocabulary ExerciseAnalogiesClozemost take grow costing protecting middle affected forpowerlessfound SectionBSection CUnit 4 CigarettesSection AWord Pretest1. B2. BReading Comprehension2. B 5. CVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. held his tongue2. see eye to eye his ownbusiness4. rocked the boat5. buried the hatchet6. flowed with the tide7.button his lips8. les sleeping dogs lieGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. retaliatory2. rudimental3. presumptuous4. perplexed5.averted6. conjecture7. satirist8. boisterously9. abundance 10. improvised 11. various 12. intention13. proposed 14. original 15. created 16. advocating17. trendy 18. promising 19. consultation 20. gracious Analogies 2. BClozeagainst increased in warnings Moreover smoking observance around bring consumptionSection B1. C 6. CSection CUnit 5 GlobalizationSection AWord PretestReading ComprehensionVocabulary Building1. left us high and dry2. faces up tothe buck 4. will shoulder the responsibility5. worm out of6. points his finger atGeneral Vocabulary ExerciseAnalogiesClozeEnglish information trouble rising grave survival promotes proclaimed benefits exceptions accompanied stemsSection BSection CUnit 6 ImmigrantsSection AWord Pretest4. AReading ComprehensionVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. find middle ground2. all or nothing3. meet people halfway4. sticks to her guns5. middle-of-the-road6. give-and-take General Vocabulary ExerciseAnalogiesClozesuffered freedom leave aboard journey elected faced experiencewithout until including help celebrateSection B11. BSection CUnit 7 EcologySection AWord PretestReading ComprehensionVocabulary BuildingIdioms up through with in therewith …outGeneral Vocabulary ExerciseAnalogiesClozebranch made more on problem less realize natural without strict resultsSection BSection Cplant ecologyUnit 8 HolocaustSection AWord Pretest2. B3. AReading ComprehensionVocabulary BuildingIdioms1. is on her own2. is a copycat3. lead her by the nose4. cut the apron strings5. is a yes-man6. has a mind of her own on his own two feetGeneral Vocabulary Exercise1. methodology4. admonishments/admonitions 6. congenial7. 8. derision10. implement remarkable13. terrorized 14. mentality 15. diverted16. monstrous 17. perceptions 18. extremity19. spontaneous 20. dictatedAnalogies1. A2. DClozewhich by attached in but as regardbe longer to moved known legendary rootedSection B1. A2. B3. C. 5. T 6. FSection C。
英语泛读4 Unit_5 Globalization 2

As countless individuals and groups are becoming global actors along with states, insecurity and vulnerability are rising. Clash of Globalizations -- Stanley Hoffman
The United Nations.
Established at the conclusion of the Second World War, it has become a promoter of globalization, arguing that individual states have a dual role with responsibilities to both their own citizens and to the world society as a whole. 9
talent.
Global organization, the UN, WTO, world trade,
multinational corporations, Microsoft, IBM, Toyota. Cultural aggression, Hollywood movies, Disney, internet, information age, resource sharing. Westernization, Americanization, western festivals, the
15
2nd Session
Text I
Why Civilizations Will Clash?
16
• Guides: • You are required to scan the texts quickly for 3 times to get the answer to the question: • Why civilizations will clash ? • For the 1st reading: mark out the marked words "First, Second, Third, etc.". • For the 2nd reading: mark out the first and last sentences of each point. • For the 3rd reading: mark out the key words in each point.
高教版大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)电子教案Unit-3

Before You Start
• Have you ever been unfairly accused of something? If so, what is it?
• What kind of reputation does your country or city have? Do you think it is worthy of the reputation?
U3-p.26
Omar, Vultures
If you’ve ever seen wildlife documentaries, you’ll probably have a low opinion of these carrion-eating raptors. Vultures get a really bad rap and, while it’s not difficult to see why, I think their image is pretty unfair. But for their admittedly unattractive appearance and dining habits, these flying scavengers would be appreciated by more of us for the vital role they play in the food chain. As they have powerful stomach acids, vultures are able to consume the putrid meat of animal carcasses without any ill effects from the bacteria. Without vultures, this meat would remain rotting, allowing disease to spread, especially in hot climates. Rather than detesting these feathered garbage disposal units, we should be praising them for the great job they’re doing.
【刘乃银】英语泛读教程4第三版课文翻译

【刘乃银】英语泛读教程4第三版课文翻译【刘乃银】英语泛读教程4第三版课文翻译英语泛读教程4 第三版主编:刘乃银Unit1天才与工匠许多人羡慕作家们的精彩小说,但却很少有人知道作家们是如何辛勤笔耕才使一篇小说问世的。
以下的短文将讨论小说的酝酿过程,以及作家是如何将这小说雕琢成一件精致完美的艺术品。
有一次,我在暮色中来到小树林边一棵鲜花盛开的小桃树前。
我久久站在那里凝视着,直到最后一道光线消逝。
我看不到那树原先的模样,看不见曾穿透果核,能崩碎你的牙齿的力量,也看不到那使它与橡树和绿草相区别的原则。
显现在我面前的,是一种深邃而神秘的魅力。
当读者读到一部杰出的小说时,他也会这样如痴如狂,欲将小说字字句句刻骨铭心,不提出任何问题。
但即使是个初学写作者也知道,除那将小说带到世上的文字之外,还有更多的构成小说生命的因素,小说的生命并不始于写作,而始于内心深处的构思。
要创作出有独创性的作品,并不要求懂得创造的功能。
多少世纪以来的艺术、哲学及科学创造都出自人们的头脑,而创造者也许从未想到去关注创造的内在过程。
然而,在我看来,对创造工作一定程度的了解,至少会使我们通过知道两个事实,增长我们处理正在出现的故事的智慧。
首先,天赋不是掌握了技艺的艺术家独有的特性,而是人脑的创造性功能。
不仅所有对技艺的掌握都含有天赋,而且每个人都具有天赋,无论他的天赋发展是何等不充分。
对技艺的掌握是天赋的显现,是经过培养的,发展了的和受过训练的天赋。
你的天赋在最原始的层面上起作用。
它的任务就是创造。
它是你的故事的创造者。
第二,将你的小说带进世界的文字是艺术家的工作,它就和一个泥瓦匠的工作一样,有意识、谨慎而实实在在。
天赋正如理解力、记忆力和想象力一样是我们的精神禀赋中的天然部分,而技艺却不是。
它必须通过实践才能学到,并要通过实践才能掌握。
如果要使在我们内心深处浮现的故事跃然纸上,光彩照人,那么,每个故事都须有感染力极强的优雅文笔。
只有健全的技艺才能使我们做到这一点。
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19th century Great Britain was an early global superpower.
Organizations
GATT:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
01Cultural Globalization
02 CONTENTS Political Globalization 03Economic Globalization
"Diversity is going to be a fundamental part of our lives.That 's what it's going to mean to modern."
What has the globalization brought us?
FOOD
☜
Education
Films
女神,我稀罕你!
However, it has also brought us these:
Majority of benefits → developed countries
Factories moving out → local losing jobs源自ThyoaunkEnd
✓ Durkheim emphasizes far less the rising of the bourgeoisie as a new revolutionary class and very seldom refers to capitalism as the new mode of production implemented by it.
Native New World crops exchanged globally: Maize, tomato, potato, vanilla, rubber, cacao, tobacco
Modern Globalization
Time: 19th century~
Industrial Revolution.:Globalization approached
Eastern Origins: Without the traditional ideas
from the East, Western globalization would not have emerged the way it did.
Silk Road: opening long-distance, political and economic
✓ In the work of Max Weber, modernity is closely associated with the processes of rationalization and disenchantment of the world.
"Alternative Modernities"
its modern form as a direct result of the industrial revolution.
Organizations:After the Second World War,the
founding of several international institutions intended to facilitate economic growth multiple rounds of trade opening simplified and lowered trade barriers,such as GATT,WTO.
"The process by which local cultures are transformed or absorbed by a dominant outside culture."
"The central problem of today's global interaction [is] the tension between cultural homogenization and cultural heterogenization."
HISTORY
Archaic Globalization
Early Modern Globalization
Modern Globalization
Archaic Globalization
Time:Conventionally referring to globalizing
events and developments from the time of the earliest civilizations until roughly the 1600s.
Cultural Globalization
Hybridization? Homogenization? Conflict intensification?
Some Comments
"Cultural globalization is involving human integration and hybridization, arguing that it is possible to detect cultural mixing across continents and regions going back many centuries"
Globalization
By: 汪苗苗 吴晓璐
祝苗
Definition
Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture.Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities.
"The differences in culture sharpened by this very process of cultural globalization will be a source of conflict."
About Modernity
Modernity
✓ For Marx, what was the basis of modernity was the emergence of capitalism and the revolutionary bourgeoisie.
globalization roughly spanning the years between 1600 and 1800.
Trade arrangements :The shift of hegemony to
Western Europe, the rise of larger-scale conflicts between powerful nations.Early modern trade and communications involved a vast group including European, Muslim, Indian, Southeast Asian and Chinese merchants, particularly in the Indian Ocean region.
interactions between the civilizations,carrying out cultural trade among the civilizations along its network.
Silk Road
Early Modern Globalization
Time:Covering a period of the history of
Shmuel Eisenstadt introduced the concept of
"multiple modernities" . Modernity as a "plural condition" is the central concept of this sociologic approach and perspective, which broadens the definition of "modernity" from exclusively denoting Western European culture to a culturally relativistic definition, thereby: "Modernity is not Westernization, and its key processes and dynamics can be found in all societies"