领先商务英语阅读 2
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit 2
The survey revealed that 47 percent of Americans don’t know when it’s appropriate to see a mental health professional and 68 percent don’t know how to find a mental health professional to help them.
Unit 2
Psychology in Daily Life
Reading One
Reading One
Check your comprehension
Answer the following questions with the information from the
text. What training does a psychologist need to receive before he / she can practice independently in any health car arena?
Reading One
the italicized parts.
Check your vocabulary
Paraphrase the following sentences with a special focus on
When you have a question about your emotional health, psychห้องสมุดไป่ตู้logists can be a great resource.
Unit 2
Psychology in Daily Life
Pre-reading Questions
剑桥商务英语2 Unit 2 Growing the company
Product Development (New Products/Existing Market)
• to roll out a new product(s) in a market with which you are already familiar. • requires the business to develop new abilities and continuously adapt the products until they achieve marketplace success.
Mergers and acquisition
• Merger (合并) • no acquirer or the acquired • Participate in establishing the management structure • Similar size, no domination • A share swap > cash payment • Acquisition （收购） • The acquirer or the acquiree • A controlling interest in the company’s stocks or business operation or its assets • Acquired by cash > stock swap
Why is it important for companies to grow?
Why is it important for companies to grow?
• Give shareholders a regular return on their investment • To create jobs and maintain job security • Growth means more market share and market share establishes the company in the market • …….
商务英语阅读第二版 How China Works )
Chapter 1 A How China Works Class_______ No._____ Name_________ Score ______I. Write down English phrases and expressions according to the given Chinese.（每小题4分，本小题共20分）1)削减房贷2)大幅提升盈利能力3)资金密集型行业4)支撑经济增长5)进行民意测验6)遭遇信贷危机II. Translate the first sentence into English and the second sentence into Chinese, using the phrases provided as the clue. （每句6分，本小题共12分）1)让农民变成(turn…into…)拥有土地的消费者可以长时期(go a long way toward…)大大推进创造一个消费型的社会，让中国减少对出口的依赖，让世界经济重获平衡(rebalancing…)。
2)While the yuan did fall a bit in recent months, most economists believe Beijing willcontinue to allow a modest appreciation, weighing its need for export competitiveness against the world’s need for more balanced trade flows.III. Read the following passages and finish the exercises followed. (1-4每空1.5分；5-16每空1分；本小题共18分)答案1___2____3____4___ 5___6___7___8___ 9___ 10___11___12___ 13___14___15___16___Passage ALatin America’s second-largest economy has emerged as a powerful exporter••••••The shift in production at Siemens(from China to Mexico) is part of a little publicised manufacturing revolution in Mexico taking place across a range of industries from cars and aircraft to refrigerators and computers. For the first time in a decade, Latin America’s second-largest economy has become a credible competitor to China.During the first half of this year, Mexico accounted for 14.2 per cent of manufactured imports into the US, the world’s largest importer. In 2005, Mexico’s share was just 11 per cent. Surprisingly, China, which gained huge chunks of the US import market for many years, has started to lose ground. From a high of 29.3 per cent of the total at the end of 2009, it has now shrunk to 26.4 per cent.While winning a bigger slice of the US market, Mexico has diversified its customers. A decade ago, about 90 per cent of the country’s exports went to the US. Last year, that figure fell to less than 80 per cent. Suddenly, it seems, Mexico has become the preferred centre of manufacturing for multinational companies looking to supply the Americas and, increasingly, beyond. Today, Mexico exports more manufactured products than the rest of LatinAmerica put together.The result of this turnround can often seem counter-intuitive. Chrysler, for example, is using Mexico as a base to supply some of its Fiat 500s to the Chinese market. During last year’s inauguration of the US company’s $500m investment in Mexico, Felipe Calderón, the country’s president, told the nation: “I think it is the first time that a Mexican vehicle, at least in recent times, is to be exported to China ... we always thought it was going to be the other way around.”••••••Mexico’s new-found competitiveness has become so clear that Marco Oviedo of Barclays co ncludes: “After lagging Chinese manufacturing exports for a decade, Mexico has taken the lead post-2008-09. We believe this change is likely to be structural and persistent.”Go back to the beginning of the century and none of this seemed possible. Back then, as China burst on to the global stage following its accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001, Mexico seemed to be in serious trouble.For much of the rest of Latin America, China was a voracious customer of agricultural and mineral commodities. By contrast, Mexico saw China as an unstoppable competitor that produced exactly the same sorts of cheap manufactured goods at a tiny fraction of the cost.Against that backdrop, it is hardly surprising that Mexico was the last WTO member to vote for Chi na’s accession –a vote that it gave only after a long and bitter negotiation.But several important shifts have taken place since then that have improved Mexico’s comparative advantages, giving it a new and dynamic role as a global manufacturer. The first is that Mexico has embraced trade and openness like few other countries in the world.Its free trade agreements with 44 countries – more than twice as many as China and four times more than Brazil –have given companies based in Mexico the ability to source parts and inputs from a wide range of nations, often without paying duty.Partly as a result, the sum of Mexico’s imports and exports as a percentage of its gross domestic product, a strong indicator of openness, rose to 58.6 per cent in 2010. In the case of China, it was 47.9 per cent, and just 18.5 per cent in the case of Brazil. HSBC in Mexico City estimated recently that the figure for Mexico could increase to as much as 69 per cent this year.There is also an increased confidence inspired by agreements, particularly the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement, which binds Mexico with the US and Canada. “Nafta creates a rule of law, which is not perceived to be a particularly Mexican concept ... it forces you to do what is right, and to do it for eve r, ” says Luis de la Calle, an economist and trade expert who helped negotiate Nafta for Mexico.As if to prove the point, Mr de la Calle devised an unorthodox index based on how many alphabetical letters appear about a given country in the US Trade Repres entative’s annual report on barriers to US exports and investment, divided by US exports to that same country. Last year, from a list of 22 countries, Mexico beat Canada to the top place of best-behaved countries. Pakistan was the worst offender and China was 10th worst.. . .Of course, Mexico is not without its problems. While the country is making strides in its attempts to diversify, it is stillheavily beholden to the ups and downs in the US.But perhaps the most alarming concern of foreign investors and the general population alike is the deterioration in security.The murder rate has almost tripled to about 22 per 100,000 inhabitants from just over eight when Mr Calderón declared an all-out offensive against the country’s drug cartels at the end of 2006. The war, which has claimed at least 55,000 lives over the past six years, has dominated headlines about Mexico as the press reports on a seemingly endless flow of horror stories involving beheadings, kidnappings and massacres.This year, it also prompted the US state department to issue a travel advisory telling US citizens to put off “non-essential travel” to many areas of Mexico, and warning that nearly half of the country’s 31 states are so dangerous that travellers should avoid them if possible.So far, the violence has had little impact on multinationals, which generally operate in safe industrial parks around the country. But there are no guarantees that organised crime will not start to try to extort large foreign companies in the future – and in the same way it has been doing with smaller, domestic companies.Until that happens, foreign companies continue to eye Mexico – in part because China has not turned out to be quite the manufacturing nirvana that it once appeared. While executives long complained of Chinese red tape and the threat to intellectual property there, they were willing to balance those risks against cheap labour and transport.But rising wages and higher fuel prices have made it increasingly expensive to export from China to the US market. This is all to Mexico’s advantage. In 2009, Mexico overtook South Korea and China to became the world’s leading producer of flatscreen television sets. The bulkier the item, the more Mexico makes sense. According to Global Trade Atlas, the country is also the leading manufacturer of two-door refrigerators.Thanks to a 2,000-mile border with the US, and extensive rail and road links, it is not only cheap but fast and easy to ship goods north. Shipments from China to the US typically take between 20 days and two months. From Mexico, they take a week at most and usually just two days.For many industries operating in today’s cost-conscious environment, “Made in Mexico” is becoming a serious consideration in their attempts to shorten supply chains, which potentially allows them to cut costs because quicker delivery times mean that they can minimise the amount of money invested in inventories. As Bruno Ferrari, Mexico’s economy minister, told the Financial Times recently: “The proximity that Mexico offer s industry allows companies to reduce their financing costs.”Rising labour costs in China have presented Mexico with an additional opportunity. According to HSBC, Mexican wages were 391 per cent higher than those of China a decade ago. Today, they are just 29 per cent more. Experts predict that Chinese wages will even overtake those of Mexico within five years.Mr de la Calle argues that demographics are behind this. While China is experiencing a squeeze in its working-age population.By contrast, more tha n half Mexico’s 112m population is under 29, so there will be an abundance of cheap labour until at least 2028. “Right now, you have to look at Mexico and conclude that it has the best demographics in the world,” says Mr de la Calle.At the same time, Mexi co’s plentiful working population is becoming more skilled. According to Unesco, the number of engineers, architects and others in disciplines related to manufacturing graduating from Mexican universities hasrisen from almost 0.4 per 1,000 people in 1999 to more than 0.8 today. To set that in a regional context, the number for the US over the same period has remained roughly flat at 0.6 per 1,000.Skilled workers are providing an increasingly attractive environment for high-tech companies – Mexico has in recent years become a world leader in the production of computers and mobile telephones – as well as for car companies, almost all of which are now using Mexican engineers to design parts.. . .Questions 1)-4) are based on the above passage.1). Do you know who is the largest economy in Latin America?A. USAB. MexicoC. ArgentinaD. Brazil2). What was true at the beginning of the century?A. Mexico joined the WTO in 2001.B. China joined the WTO in 2001.C. China's labour cost was higher than Mexico back then.D. Some things happened then impaired Mexico’s comparative advantages.3). Which of the following is not a consequence of Mexico's "embracing trade and openness like few other countries in the world"?A. Free trade agreements reduced costs for companies to do business.B. Mexico's international-trade-to-GDP ratio has risen sharply.C. Openness to the world creates a rule of law.D. Red tape and threat to intellectual property emerged.4). Which of the following is Mexico's advantage over China?A. public security situationB. highly dependent on USC. higher rate of working-age populationD. all of abovePassage BVladimir Putin was on course last night to win the expected first-round v ictory in Russia’s presidential election. But this is not business as usual. The middle-class protests of recent weeks show that politics, after a 12-year slumber, have reawoken. Just months ago, it was assumed Mr Putin could be back for two more presidential terms. Instead, yesterday’s poll marks the beginning of what is in all probability his final six-year term; the beginning of the end of the Putin era.Two big questions remain. One is whether Mr Putin will even complete the full six years of the coming term. The second is whether the Putin “system”, even if in modified form, will survive under a new leader from within the ruling group, or whether it will sooner or later give way to something new – in an orderly or disorderly way.What is clear is that M r Putin’s popularity is in decline. Pre-election polls suggested he now enjoys less than 50 per cent support in Moscow and St Petersburg, Russia’s political capitals. His base remains stronger in rustbelt cities and the countryside. But even there, focus group research and anecdotal evidence suggest creeping disillusionment.The discontent is not, primarily, economic. Russians live far better today than when Mr Putin became president 12 years ago, thanks to soaring oil prices. Working-class Russians are often more reliant on the state for jobs and benefits, and so less ready to go on to the streets. But they share many middle-class concerns: rampant corruption, official cronyism, lack of representation and legal protections. The surge in living standards that once anaesthetised them against these downsides of Putinism has slowed. And barring further, unlikely, oil price rises, Russia’s growth outlook is today less rosy.A decline in Mr Putin’s popularity has important implications. Broad support from ordinary Russians has been thefoundation of his authority. It enabled him to consolidate the elites – oligarchs, security services, senior bureaucrats – who run Russia in the absence of real democratic institutions. If his support wanes further, the elites could fracture and start promoting alternative candidates, with unpredictable consequences.One potential way to resuscitate Mr Putin’s popularity would be to tackle Russians’ concerns over corruption and rule of law head-on, and to conduct economic reforms to stimulate investment and growth. Those things are challenging. But Russia has detailed liberalising plans drawn up, and resources to cushion the social impact. It has six years in which it could start modernising what is now a middle-income country, and prepare it for genuinely free presidential elections in 2018. It could be done.More likely, sadly, the regime will attempt to buy popularity with a spending spree that, with Russia’s budget already requiring oil at $120 a barrel to break even, could threaten its hard-won fiscal stability. Real reform threatens vested interests around Mr Putin. We can only hope the returning president is sincere, at least, in claiming the Kremlin does not plan a post-election crackdown on opposition.In response, the west must tread a fine line. It should continue to entice Russia to be a responsible member of the international community, drawing it into institutions such as the World Trade Organisation. But it should not hesitate to target officials involved in abuses such as the death of the lawyer Sergei Magnitsky. It should engage with the liberal opposition, but avoid heavy-handed “democracy promotion” that would fuel Mr Putin’s unfounded claims that protests against him are a western plot. Without interfering, it should do everything possible to help ensure the Putin era ends not in disorder, but with a calm transition to a more democratic, rules-based future.Questions 5)-8) are based on the above passage.5) According to the author, Russians are discontent with Mr. Putin for all BUTA. Living StandardsB. CorruptionC. CronyismD. Lack of representation and legal protections6) According to the passage, to regain his popularity, Mr. Putin should do all EXCEPTA. Penalize corruptionB. Suppress protesting activitiesC. Stimulate investmentD. Improve the rule of law system7) According to the author, between Russia and the west, which of the following descriptions is correct?A. Russia was not considered to be a responsible member of international affairs.B. Russia was not a member of the World Trade Organisation yet.C. The west once irritated Mr Putin with its heavy-handed “democracy promotion” .D. All of the above8) According to the passage, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Mr Putin will probably end his presidential term in only six years.B. Mr. Putin's popularity in central cities has declined.C. Broad support from ordinary Russians has limited importance for Putin's governance.D. Mr. Putin has considered several protests against him were plotted by the western world.Passage CThe more unequal a society, the greater the incentive for the rich to pull up the ladder behind themWhen the world’s richest countries were booming, few people worried over much that the top 1 per cent were enjoying an ever-growing share of that prosperity. In the wake of a depression in the US, a fiscal chasm in the UK and an existential crisis in the eurozone –and the shaming of the world’s bankers – worrying about inequality is no longer the preserve of the far left.There should be no doubt about the facts: the income share of the top 1 per cent has roughly doubled in the US since the early 1970s, and is now about 20 per cent. Much the same trend can be seen in Australia, Canada and theUK – although in each case the income share of the top 1 per cent is smaller. In France, Germany and Japan there seems to be no such trend. (The source is the World Top Incomes Database, summarised in the opening paper of a superb symposiu m in this summer’s Journal of Economic Perspectives.)But should we care? There are two reasons we might: process and outcome. We might worry that the gains of the rich are ill-gotten: the result of the old-boy network, or fraud, or exploiting the largesse of the taxpayer. Or we might worry that the results are noxious: misery and envy, or ill-health, or dysfunctional democracy, or slow growth as the rich sit on their cash, or excessive debt and thus financial instability.Following the crisis, it might be unfashionable to suggest that the rich actually earned their money. But knee-jerk banker-bashers should take a look at research by Steven Kaplan and Joshua Rauh, again in the JEP symposium. They simply compare the fate of the top earners across different lines of business. Worried that chief executives are filling their boots thanks to the weak governance of publicly listed companies? So am I, but partners in law firms are also doing very nicely, as are the bosses of privately owned companies, as are the managers of hedge funds, as are top sports stars. Governance arrangements in each case are different.Perhaps, then, some broad social norm has shifted, allowing higher pay across the board? If so, we would expect publicly scrutinised salaries to be catching up with those who have more privacy –for instance, managers of privately held corporations. The reverse is the case.The uncomfortable truth is that market forces – that is, the result of freely agreed contracts – are probably behind much of the rise in inequality. Globalisation and technological change favour the highly skilled. In the middle of the income distribution, a strong pair of arms, a willingness to work hard and a bit of common sense used to provide a comfortable income. No longer. Meanwhile at the very top, winner-take-all markets are emerging, where the best or luckiest entrepreneurs, fund managers, authors or athletes hoover up most of the gains. The idea that the fat cats simply stole everyone else’s cream is emotionally powerful; it is not entirely convincing.In a well-functioning market, people only earn high incomes if they create enough economic value to justify those incomes. But even if we could be convinced that this was true, we do not have to let the matter drop.This is partly because the sums involved are immense. Between 1993 and 2011, in the US, average incomes grew a modest 13.1 per cent in total. But the average income of the poorest 99 per cent – that is everyone up to families making about $370,000 a year – grew just 5.8 per cent. That gap is a measure of just how much the top 1 per cent are making. The stakes are high.I set out two reasons why we might care about inequality: an unfair process or a harmful outcome. But what really should concern us is that the two reasons are not actually distinct after all. The harmful outcome and the unfair process feed each other. The more unequal a society becomes, the greater the incentive for the rich to pull up the ladder behind them.At the very top of the scale, plutocrats can shape the conversation by buying up newspapers and television channels or funding political campaigns. The merely prosperous scramble desperately to get their children into the right neighbourhood, nursery, school, university and internship –we know how big the gap has grown between winners and also-rans.Miles Corak, another contributor to the JEP debate, is an expert on intergenerational income mobility, the question of whether rich parents have rich children. The painful truth is that in the most unequal developed nations – the UK and the US – the intergenerational transmission of income is stronger. In more equal societies such as Denmark, the tendency of privilege to breed privilege is much lower.This is what sticks in the throat about the rise in inequality: the knowledge that the more unequal our societies become, the more we all become prisoners of that inequality. The well-off feel that they must strain to prevent their children from slipping down the income ladder. The poor see the best schools, colleges, even art clubs and ballet classes, disappearing behind a wall of fees or unaffordable housing.The idea of a free, market-based society is that everyone can reach his or her potential. Somewhere, we lost our way.Questions 9)-12) are based on the above passage.9) In which developed country we cannot observe a widening income gap?A. UK.B. Canada.C. Australia.D. Germany.10) Why should we care about the widening income gap, according to the writer?A. It implies that the gains of the rich are ill-gotten.B. It means the old-boy network is too strong a vested interest.C. It might result in envy or dysfunctional democracy.D. It is a result of slow growth as the rich sit on their cash.11) What is not a cause for the widening income gap?A. Chief executives of large companies are being paid too much.B. Technological changes favor the highly skilled.C. Winner-take-all markets are emerging.D. Globalisation.12) What is the "painful" conclusion drawn by the JEP resaerch by Steven Kaplan and Joshua Rauh?A. Income gap is small in France, Germany and Japan.B. Intergenerational income mobility has something to do with income equality.C. Intergenerational transmission of income is higher in developed countries.D. A free, market-based society is the best system to reduce the gap.Passage DUS regulators are investigating the hiring practices of JPMorgan Chase in Hong Kong, in a move that could cast an unflattering light on the relationships between Wall Street banks and the sons and daughters of Chinese government officials.JPMorgan disclosed in a recent regulatory filing that it has received a request from the US Securities and Exchange Commission “seeking information and documents relating to, among other matters, the firm’s employment of certain former e mployees in Hong Kong and its business relationships with certain clients”.A person familiar with the investigation said that it involves the bank’s hiring of Tang Xiaoning, son of a former Chinese banking regulator who is now chairman of the state-owned China Everbright Group, and Zhang Xixi, the daughter of a Chinese railway official.A Beijing-based spokesperson for JPMorgan said the bank was fully co-operating with the US authorities but declined to comment further.The investigation is likely to cause consternation on Wall Street and in the corridors of power in China, where hiring the sons and daughters of prominent politicians or business leaders is considered de rigueur as part of a system that places heavy emphasis on “guanxi,” or personal conne ctions, as a way of securing new business.In their rush to capitalise on China’s economic growth, virtually all the big Wall Street and European financial institutions with operations in the country have habitually hired “princelings”, as the children of senior Chinese officials are known.Goldman Sachs once hired Jiang Zhicheng, grandson of the former Chinese president Jiang Zemin, for its direct private investment arm, for instance.A senior Chinese official told the FT that the Chinese government had not launched its own investigation into JPMorgan or its hiring practices in the country, but that the revelations are causing concern because the practice of hiring the children of senior officials to work at financial institutions is very common.Some individual Chinese officials are worried their own children could also be named in media reports or in investigations in the US, the senior official said.Two people familiar with the matter confirmed that Tang Xiaoning and Zhang Xixi had previously worked at JPMorgan and that Mr Tang left the company in December 2012. Attempts to reach Mr Tang and Ms Zhang were unsuccessful.A spokesman for the SEC declined to comment on the investigation, which was first reported by the New York Times.US authorities ha ve to date rarely investigated Wall Street’s business practices in China, though a former Morgan Stanley adviser was last year sent to prison after bribing a Chinese official to win lucrative real estate investments for the bank.In recent years, foreign banks are said to have found it increasingly difficult to attract the offspring of the country’s most senior leaders thanks to the rise of a domestic private equity industry that provides lucrative opportunities for Chinese investors with powerful family backgrounds.In private conversations, executives at western banks admit they are now more likely to hire the children of vice-ministers or provincial vice-governors, whereas a few years ago the parents of their recruits were usually minister level or above.The investigation could add to JPMorgan’s recent regulatory woes. The investment bank faces a string of regulatory investigations related to its $6bn “London Whale” trading loss, as well as questions over its commodities and energy businesses.With additional reporting by Kara Scannell and Stephen Foley in New York.Questions 13)-16) are based on the above passage.13) Where is JPMorgan's hiring practices being scrutinized?A. London.B. New York.C. Hong Kong.D. Shanghai.14) Why the investigation is likely to cause consternation?A. Wall Street giants fear being kicked out of China.B. Officials fear being removed from office.C. A social system that emphasizes on “guanxi” might be altered.D. The common business model of hiring princelings might be finished.15) Why is it "increasingly difficult to attract the offspring of the country’s most sen ior leaders"?A. US regulators have been taking actions.B. China's domestic private equity industry is booming.C. Officials are worried that their names might be mentioned on media.D. General Secretary Xi launched a campaigne against “the four winds”.16) JPMorgan is facing with several regulatory woes, except?A "Occupy Wall Street" Movement.B"London Whale" trading loss.C Questions about its commodities and energy businesses.D Hiring practises in Hong Kong.（本小测满分50分，阅读答案不抄到第1页阅读答案横线处者扣2分。
领先商务英语阅读
领先商务英语阅读1. In today's competitive business environment, staying ahead of the curve is essential.在当今竞争激烈的商业环境中，保持领先地位至关重要。
2. Our company is committed to delivering innovative solutions that drive business growth.我们公司致力于提供推动业务增长的创新解决方案。
3. Effective communication is the key to success in the business world.有效的沟通是在商业世界取得成功的关键。
4. We pride ourselves on providing exceptional customer service and support.我们以提供卓越的客户服务和支持为傲。
5. To stay competitive, companies must constantly adapt and evolve.为了保持竞争力，公司必须不断适应和发展。
6. Our team of experts has extensive industry knowledge and experience.我们的专家团队拥有广泛的行业知识和经验。
7. We are dedicated to building long-term relationships with our clients.我们致力于与客户建立长期关系。
8. In business, timing is everything.在商业中，时机就是一切。
9. Our goal is to exceed our clients' expectations and deliver outstanding results.我们的目标是超越客户的期望，提供卓越的结果。
王关富商务英语阅读 第二版chapter 2 详解
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Given that the scale of the downturn was so epochal, it should not be surprising that the nature of the recovery would likewise be the stuff of history. And it has been. As they make their way to Davos for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) by helicopter, bus, car or train (which is the right way to do it), the members of the global economic and political elite will find themselves coming to terms with something they have never known before. Given –considering 鉴于 考虑到 Epochal 新纪元的;划时代的;有重大意义的 epoch 时代纪元 Epochal decisions made by Roosevelt and Churchill. 罗斯福和邱吉尔做出的有重大意义的决定 epochal stupidity. 无与伦比的愚蠢 Make one‘s way to 前往某处 He looked around , then made his way to the lavatory. DAVOS Davos 瑞士达沃斯 是“世界经济论坛”the World Economic Forum (WEF) 的主办 地. Come to terms with 勉强接受 妥协 安于 It took a long time for him to come to terms with his disability. Buyers can‘t come to terms with the car‘s styling, and its high price proved a bitter pill.不得不接受的现实 考虑到经济衰退幅度如此的跨时代，经济复苏进程会很慢也是理所当然的，对此我们 不应该感到吃惊。事实也正如我们所料，复苏进程确实很慢。全球经济政治精英乘直 升飞机、大巴、小汽车或是火车前往达沃斯参加一年一度的世界经济论坛会议，此次 会议上，全球经济政治精英会发现自己开始接受一些闻所未闻的事情。
商务英语阅读(专业篇) unit 2
Reading Practice
Text A
Marketing and Marketing Concept
Reading Practice
Text A
Marketing, a vital part of any business undertaking, is a group of activities designed to facilitate and expedite exchanges. Marketing activities ensure that the products consumers want to purchase are available at a price they are willing to pay and that consumers know that the product is available. These activities occur in a dynamic environment-that is, an environment of constantly changing laws, regulations, social pressures and opinions, economic conditions, and technological advances.
商务英语阅读教程2答案
商务英语阅读教程2答案商务英语阅读教程2是一本针对商务英语学习者的教材，主要讲解商务英语阅读技巧和提高商务英语阅读能力的方法和策略。
本书共分为十个单元，每个单元都包含了真实的商务场景和商务英语阅读材料，通过阅读这些材料，学习者可以了解商务英语的基本知识和相关的词汇和表达方式。
根据我阅读这本书的经验，以下是对每个单元的问题的回答和一些关键点的总结：单元1：商务沟通这个单元主要是讲解商务谈判和商务会议中的常用语言和表达方式。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以学习到如何提出建议、表达意见和达成共识。
单元2：商务合作这个单元主要是讲解商务合作中的重要概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何制定商务合作计划、寻找合作伙伴和管理合作关系。
单元3：市场调研这个单元主要是讲解市场调研中的基本步骤和方法。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何进行市场调研、分析市场需求和制定市场营销策略。
单元4：销售与市场推广这个单元主要是讲解销售和市场推广中的关键概念和技巧。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以学习到如何制定销售目标、开展市场推广活动和建立客户关系。
单元5：供应链管理这个单元主要是讲解供应链管理中的关键概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何管理供应链、优化物流和提高供应链效率。
单元6：人力资源管理这个单元主要是讲解人力资源管理中的基本原则和方法。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何招聘、培训和管理员工。
单元7：财务管理这个单元主要是讲解财务管理中的基本概念和技巧。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何编制财务报表、分析财务状况和制定财务策略。
单元8：国际贸易这个单元主要是讲解国际贸易中的关键概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何开展国际贸易、解决贸易争端和制定国际贸易政策。
单元9：商务法律与伦理这个单元主要是讲解商务法律和商务伦理中的基本原则和要求。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何遵守法律法规、处理商务纠纷和维护商业道德。
商务英语综合教程2 汉译英
商务英语综合教程2 汉译英原文P19近年来在布鲁塞尔不难看到，英语正以不可遏止的态势日益成为欧洲的通用语言。
哪些母语是英语、懒于学习汉语的人们（的确有这样的人），可以毫不费力地在布鲁塞尔工作或游览，这让人感觉难堪。
在这个迷人的比利时城市，到处可以听到英语，看到英文，并越来越普遍，在水泥和玻璃构成的欧洲区更是如此。
但是，与这一趋势相反的迹象也日益彰显，这倒不是因为怀旧，而是出于经济效益和政治公平的考虑。
非常巧合，在布鲁塞尔你也能看到反对英语成为通用语的态势的增长。
在欧洲区，欧盟的扩张使得英文不仅领先于其他语言，而且出于绝对优势地位。
欧盟号称拥有27个成员国，23种官方语言，但只有重要会议才用翻译；事实上，较低级别的会议中唯一的工作语言是英语。
这对于欧洲是否有益？给人的感觉是这样比较高效，但是对于很多人来说，英语本族语人享有不公平的优势：用母语辩论要容易得多。
并且，对于非英语本族语人来讲，听懂其他国家非英语本族语人的英语是很难的，但对于英国人或爱尔兰人来讲，破译各种口音的英文并非难事。
瑞士经济学家弗兰克斯。
格林（Francois Grin）说，借助英语的优势，英国人每年从邻国隐性获利数十亿欧元。
他给出了多种理由，其中之一是，英国用于学校语言教学的支出，远远少于法国、瑞士等国家。
更令人难以接受的是，英国从教外国人学英语中获利。
In recent years Brussels has been a fine place to observe the irresistible rise of English as Europe’s lingua franca. For native speakers of English who are lazy about learning languages (yes, they exist), Brussels has become embarrassingly easy place to work or visit. English is increasingly audible and visible in this charming Belgian city, and widespread in the conerete-and-grass European quarter. Now , however, signs of a backlash are building. This is not based sentiment, but on points of economic efficiency and political fairness. And in a coincidence, Brussels is again a good place to watch the backlash develop.Start in the European district, where the expansion of the European Union has left English not just ahead of other languages, but in the position of utter dominance. The union now boasts 27 members and 23 official languages, but important meetings use interpreters. At lower levels, as a matter of fact, English is the language spoken.Is this good for Europe? It feels efficient, but being a native English-speaker also seems to many to confer an unfair advantage. It is far easier to argue a point in your mother tongue. It is also hard work for even the best non-native speakers to understand other non-native versions of English, whereas it is no great strain for the British or Irish to decipher the various accents.Francois Grin, a Swiss economist, argues that Britain enjoys hidden transfer from its neighbors worth billions of Euros a year, thanks to the English language. He offers several reasons, starting with spending in Britain on language teaching in schools, which is proportionately lower than in France or Switzerland, say, to add insult to injury Britain profits from teaching English to foreigners.P421986年，飞机制造商们发布了他们第一部简化技术英语（Simplified Technical English）指南，随后被美国航空运输协会(Air Transport Association of America)采用，并自那时起成为一个国际标准。
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Key to the exercisesUnit OneText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. F4. F5. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. B3. D4. C5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. F5. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit TwoText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. C3. D4. C5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThreeText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. D3. C4. A5. CIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. T5. FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FourText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. C3. D4. B5. CIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FiveText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. B3. D4. A5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if youthink it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.T2. N3. F4. F5. N6. FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit SixText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. N3. N4. T5.N6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. A3. D4. B5. CIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. N4. F5. F6.TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit SevenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. N6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. A2. B3. D4. C5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. N5. F6.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit EightText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. T4. N5. N6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. B3. C4. C5. AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit NineText AI. (Group work) Work in a group of four and exchange your understandings of the following sentences based on the text.OpenII.Match the words in Column A with the explanations in Column B.1. d2. j3. h4.a5. i6. g7. b8. e9. c 10. fIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. T2. F3. T4. F5. TIV. Choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices in each item according to your understanding of the text.1. C2. D3. B4. CV. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on the text.Openplete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.1. engender2. sync up with3. get by4. masochistic5. bully6. pay in full7. abstain from 8. concur with 9. against-the-grain 10.devastateIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. F.Unit TenText AI. (Group work) Work in a group of four and exchange your understandings of the following sentences based on the text.OpenIII.Match the words in Column A with the explanations in Column B.1. i2. e3. a4.j5. b6. d7. c8. g9. f 10. hIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. F2. T3. T4. T5.FIV. Choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices in each item according to your understanding of the text.1. D2. C3. B4. B5.CV. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on the text.Openplete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.1. phenomenal2. step down from3. reminisce4. envision5. failed in hisattempt to 6. standing ovation 7. gain ground against 8. bolster 9. bow to10.do justice toIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. TUnit ElevenText AI. (Group work) Work in a group of four and exchange your understandings ofthe following sentences based on the text.OpenIV.Match the words in Column A with the explanations in Column B.1. h2. i3. j4.d5. g6. a7. f8. e9. c 10. bIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. F2. F3. F4. T5. TIV. Choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices in each item according to your understanding of the text.1. D2. C3. C4. C5. B6. DV. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on the text.Openplete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.1. shake up2. abounding3. compelling4. ensure5. end up6. access to7. considering 8. devote to 9. account for 10.to featureIII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. T2. F3. T4. F5. TUnit TwelveText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. D3. C4. AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThirteenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. D3. B4. C5. CIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FourteenText AI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. T2. F3. T4. T5. FIII. Chose the best answer according to the passage.1. B2. A3. B4. D5. DIV. Question for further discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Topic for further discussion:OpenUnit FifteenText AI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. TIII. Chose the best answer according to the passage.1. B2. D3. B4. A5. DIV. Question for further discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Topic for further discussion:OpenUnit SixteenText AI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Decide whether each of the following statement is true or false. Put a T at the end of the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. TIII. Chose the best answer according to the passage.1. B2. D3. A4. C5. D6. A7. D8. C IV. Question for further discussion:OpenText BI. Answer the following questions based on your understanding of the text.OpenII. Topic for further discussion:Open。