职称英语新增文章B级：TheRomanceofArthur
职称英语考试真题理工类B级阅读理解(文字版)
职称英语考试真题理工类B级阅读理解（文字版）Can you hear This ?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)，listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls , floor ,and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound , which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls , ceiling, floor , and contents of the room (including the people ) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time . The light ,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between .Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectors to change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.1.This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with~ 2 / 3 ~A a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3.This passage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problemsD function as well as clouds5.The word “acoustic “in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noiseSmart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting，but the light coming through the window also provides heat.However，windows are notsomething people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology.Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist.He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3.“It’s contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So，windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.Yet，windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control.In the winter，cold air leaks in.When it’s hot and sunny，sunlight streams in.All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy.And all of this extra heat forces people to turn ontheir air conditioners.Producing blasts of cold air，which can feel so refreshing，actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years，scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating，glazing，and layering windows to make them more energy efficient.Smart windows go a step further.They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color.For example，a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery.Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed，that is，when the amount of voltage is decreased，the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away.So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other.Then，it stays that way.Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes，depending on the size of the window.The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need.“In the future,” Granqvist says,“our buildings may look different.”练习：1. Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?A Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.B Windows help to save energy by letting light in.C Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.2. When are windows the weak link in a building?A In the cold winter.B In the hot summer.C When air conditioners are turned on.D Both A and B.3. What are smart windows，according to Paragraph 4?A Windows that are coated.B Windows that are glazed.C Windows the color of which can be changed.D Windows that have many layers.4. To make electrochromic windows change color，what is applied to the windowglass?A Electricity.B Tungsten oxide.C A battery.D A voltage.5. What will he the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful，according to the last paragraph?A The buildings will look different.B Windows can be as large as you want.C We may not need air conditioners any more.D They are less expensive than traditional windows.词汇：flip n.比喻意为“最先进的，科技含量的”。
(完整word版)英国文学期末考试题目(英语专业必备)
一．中古英语时期♦Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.♦The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds.♦Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature.♦Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism.二．文艺复兴Renaissance♦Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world.♦It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe.♦Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. ♦This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth reigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare.♦The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe.♦Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies”is themost popular of Bacon’s 58 essays.♦Thomas More ——Utopia♦Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene相关练习♦ 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language?♦ A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene♦ C. Beowulf D. Hamlet♦ 2. _____ is the father of English poetry.♦ A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare♦ C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer♦ 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England.♦ A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer♦ C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare♦“All the world 's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”——William Shakespeare♦William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have meaning beyond the time and place of his plays. His four tragedies are Hamlet(《哈姆雷特》), Othello(《奥赛罗》), King Lear(《李尔王》) and Macbeth(《麦克白》).♦Shakespeare’s sonnets, 154 in number, are the only direct expression of the poet’s own feelings; Sonnet 18 deserves its fame because it is one of the mostbeautifully written verses in the English language♦诗选♦Sonnet 18♦Shall I compare thee to a Summer’s day?♦Thou art more lovely and more temperate.♦Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,♦And Summer’s lease hath all too short a date.♦（我怎能将你与夏日相比? /你比它更温和可爱：/动人的花蕾在五月咆哮的风中颤抖，/夏日的美好时光也绝不长久：）♦Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,♦And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;♦And every fair from fair sometime declines,♦By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d;♦（太阳的金色光芒虽然耀眼，/却常常以灰暗的面貌出现；/再美貌的物什都逃不过凋谢，/命运流转或无意间将其拆解；）♦But thy eternal Summer shall not fade,♦Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st♦Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,♦When in eternal line to time thou grow’st.♦So long as men can breath or eyes can see,♦So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.♦（可你如夏日般不会褪色, /你的美貌也将永存; /死神无法夸耀你曾在它的阴影中游荡, /伴随永恒的诗篇你将留存。
2014职称英语(理工B)阅读理解新增文章ill be bach
第二十九篇：I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers' brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns; Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren't good, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work todo-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more. complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database.,A few years later, Cope's computer program, called "Emmy", was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music ,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!注释：1．J．S．Bach：约翰•塞巴斯蒂安•巴赫(德语：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日--1750年7月28日)，巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。
职称英语综合类阅读理解第24篇The Romance of Arthur逐句翻译
The Romance of Arthur亚瑟的传奇Most cultures have some sort of hero who represents the best values of what its people believe in. 很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。
The unusual thing about King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for several centuries and spread far beyond England, the place where they began. 有关亚瑟王的不同寻常的事情就是他的英雄主义传奇已经持续了几个世纪，并且影响力早已超越它所诞生的英国。
The earliest stories of King Arthur represent him as a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years around A. D. 700. 在有关亚瑟王早期的故事中，他是一个战士，他在公元约700年抗击、震慑入侵的北欧人。
This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. 许多这类亚瑟王的故事大概是基于事实。
Whether called Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence of such a warrior. 无论是否叫作亚瑟，大量证据证明是有这样一个战士存在的。
It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticity is questionable. 后来这些故事被美化修饰，使得它们的真实性受到质疑。
职称英语真题之综合类B级阅读理解
职称英语真题之综合类B级阅读理解3第三篇Centers of the Great European CitiesThe centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition．People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night．A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting，metropolitan(大都市的)atmosphere．Squares，plazas(广场)and arcades(拱廊)form the heart of Europe’s cities．Venice、in Italy has the Piazza San Marco—a beautiful square surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and cafes。
In Barcelona，Spain，La Becquerel is a lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds of goods．London’S Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians，acrobats(杂技演员)and artists by night．The government buildings at the center of many cities often are architecturally impressive In London，they serve as a beautiful backdrop(背景)to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames．These vibrant(有活力的)hearts are the product of centuries of evolution，social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently．”The reason people think Venice is SO great today is you don’t see all the mistakes，”said Girardeau．”Those have all been removed．”Most European cities were laid out before the invention of the car. SO bars，restaurants and cafes were near to people’S homes．Today，the focus of many Europeans’life has moved away from the centers．They live in the suburbs and outskirts. driving to supermarkets to get their supplies．But on a continent where people treasure convention，there are still those who hold onto traditional ways，living and shopping locally．These people，together with tourists，provide the city centers with their reason for existence．Coffee culture plays a part in keeping these city centers flourishing. This isparticularly true of Paris whose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists．This skill is developed over many hours spent chatting over espressos(浓咖啡)and cigarettes．Religion also plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere．People in Roman Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis．Entire communities would gather in the same building and then move out to the markets．cafes and bars in the surrounding streets．An enormous example of this relationship between church and society is the Cuomo．The huge marble cathedral in Florence，Italy is surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops，and caters(迎合)not only to the tourist crowds，but also the local community.41. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in EuropeA. has many large squares.B. has many very magnificent sky-scrapers.C. draws tourists in large numbers every year.D. has a center where tourists meet their spouses.42. Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden?A.It is crowded with people.B.It is located in London.C.It is filled with stalls.考试大论坛D.It is surrounded by shops, churches, restaurants and cafes43. Why do people think that Venice is so great?A. Because it is a famous tourist attraction.B. Because you can reach anywhere by boat.C. Because it is well-known for its merchants.D. Because all the mistakes have been removed44.What are Parisians famous for?A.Their pursuit of independence.来源：B.Their enthusiasm for conversation.C.Their ability to keep the city flourishing.D.Their devotion to developing a multiple culture.45.The writer cites the Cuomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate thatA. there is a tight link between church and society.B. all churches are magnificent.C. old churches are very popular.D. high-rise churches are impressive.。
考研英语阅读高分必背60篇 第51期-难以置信的浪漫
考研英语阅读高分必背60篇第51期:难以置信的浪漫本店铺导读：不管你信不信，有的时候，缘，真是妙不可言！一对夫妻发现，他们并不是长大之后才相识，夫妻俩其实小时候就已经在迪斯尼乐园擦身而过了。
一张老照片记录下了这个奇妙的瞬间。
Incredible Romance难以置信的浪漫Romance: the couple had found their no intention group photo of childhood.夫妻俩发现他们在童年时就曾在无意间擦肩而过。
Alex and Donna Voutsinas are like many couples; they met at work, fell in love and got engaged.唐娜和亚历克斯和其他普通的夫妻没有什么区别，他们在工作中认识，然后相爱，订婚。
Days before their wedding, the couple was looking at old family photos when Donna came across a picture of herself as a child on vacation at Disney and showed it to her fiancé.就在他们举行婚礼的前些天，夫妻俩翻出了家里的老照片一起欣赏。
唐娜无意中发现了自己小时候在迪斯尼度假的时候的一张照片，她拿给她的未婚夫看。
Alex recognized the man in the background because it was his father, who was pushing a stroller during their own family trip to Disney.亚历克斯突然发现，就在唐娜一家和迪斯尼里的史米先生合影的时候，后面站着的人居然是他的父亲，他当时推着一辆婴儿车，带全家到迪斯尼来旅游。
职称英语综合类B级阅读理解考题和答案下
职称英语综合类B级阅读理解考题和答案下笔者英语类考试频道为网友整理职称英语考试，供大家参考学习。
Storms Sink ShipsRescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in Bangladesh.The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21.Hundreds more are missing or feared dead.The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhaka as strong winds and rain hit the South Asian country.The government has since banned a11 ferries and other boats from travelling at night during theApril-May stormy season.One of the ferries, MV Mitali，was carrying far more people than it was supposed to.About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300，police said The second ferry carried about 100 passengers.“The number of deaths is certain to rise,”said an official in charge of the rescue work.”No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry or how many of them survived.”Ferries in Bangladesh don’t always keep passenger lists，making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board.Besides the ferry accidents，at least 40 people were killed and 400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses and trees and the sinking of small boats.Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents.Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people.Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures, too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions.Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh.It is a country covered by about 230 rivers.Some 20,000 ferries use the nation’s waterways(水路)every year.And many of them are dangerously overcrowded(过度拥挤).Since1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.31 How many people have been found dead in the two ferry disasters?A More than 130.B Over 3,000.C About400.D At least 40.32 The two ferry disasters occurredA at noon.B in the morning.C at night.D in the afternoon.33 How many passengers was MV Mitali designed to carry?A 440.B 100.C 400.D 300.34 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the boating accidents?A Strong winds.B Bad weather conditions.C Blockage of waterways.D Lack of safety measures.35 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the two ferry disasters?A They traveled during the April-May stormy season.B They sank on April 21.C The exact number of deaths could be easily determined.D They sank somewhere near Dhaka.答案：31 A 32C 33 D 34 C 35 C。
2015年职称英语综合类B级新增文章翻译
2015年职称英语教材新增文章综合B阅读理解第二十四篇The Romance of ArthurMost cultures have some sort of hero whorepresents the best values of what its people believe in. The unusual thingabout King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for severalcenturies and spread far beyond England, the place where they began.The earliest stories of King Arthur represent himas a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years aroundA. D. 700. This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. Whethercalled Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence ofsuch a warrior. It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticityis questionable. According to these, Arthur was born in a castle in Tintagel onthe stormy western coast of England and because he was the illegitimate son ofKing Uther Pendragon, he was spirited away by the magician Merlin and his trueidentity kept from him. He became king after freeing the sword Excalibur fromthe stone into which it was thrust. He married the beautiful Guinevere andassembled in his court all the noblest knights of the land, including Lancelot,with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him. He was finally defeatedin battle by his illegitimate son Mordred, and his body was spirited away tothe isle of A Valon.This romantic tale greatly appealed to the Englishand the French in the Middle Ages, when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities ofknighthood-constituted an important part of many stories. Tales of the heroismof Galahad, Percival, Gawain, and many other of Arthur's knights werecirculated as well.In England today, there are many sites claiming apiece of the Arthurian an legend. There is a mined castle at Tintagel. NearGlastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey where Arthur’s and Guinevere'sbodieswere supposedly exhumed in the 12th century. Neither of these provesthat the legend is true, but they do keep its mystique alive.词汇：Arthurn.亚瑟（中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领）authenticityn.可靠性，真实性spiritv.偷偷地带走；拐走；绑架warriorn. 战士，勇士chivalryn. 骑士subduev. 制服，慑服embellishmentn. 美化，修饰mystiquen. 神秘气氛注释：1. This much of theArthurian tale……：许多这类亚瑟王的故事2. ...was spirited awayby ……被偷偷地带走……亚瑟的传奇很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。
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职称英语考试/备考辅导
2016职称英语新增文章B级：The
Romance of Arthur
Most cultures have some st of hero whepresents the best values of what its people believe in. The unusual thingabout King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted f severalcenturies spread far beyond Engl, the place they began.
The earliest sties of King Arthur represent himas a warri who fought subdued the invading Nsemen in the years aroundA. D. 700. This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. Whethercalled Arthur not, there is a body of evidence suppting the existence ofsuch a warri. It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticityis questionable. Accding to these, Arthur was bn in a castle in Tintagel onthe stmy western coast of Engl because he was the illegitimate son ofKing Uther Pendragon, he was spirited away by the magician Merlin his
trueidentity kept from him. He became king after freeing the swd Excalibur fromthe stone into which it was thrust. He married the beautiful Guinevere assembled in his court all the noblest knights of the l, including Lancelot,with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him. He was finally defeatedin battle by his illegitimate son Mdred, his body was spirited away tothe isle of A Valon.
This romantic tale greatly appealed to the English the French in the Middle Ages, when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities ofknighthood-constituted an imptant part of many sties. Tales of the heroismof Galahad, Percival, Gawain, many other of Arthur's knights werecirculated as well.
In Engl today, there are many sites claiming apiece of the Arthurian an legend. There is a mined castle at Tintagel. NearGlastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey Arthur’s Guinevere'sbodies were supposedly exhumed in the 12th century. Neither of these provesthat the legend is true, but they do keep its mystique alive. 词汇：
Arthurn.亚瑟(中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领)
authenticityn.可靠性，真实性
spiritv.偷偷地带走;拐走;绑架
warrin. 战士，勇士
chivalryn. 骑士
subduev. 制服，慑服
embellishmentn. 美化，修饰
mystiquen. 神秘气氛
注释：
1. This much of theArthurian tale……：许多这类亚瑟王的故事
2. ...was spirited awayby ……被偷偷地带走……
练习：
1. King Arthur’s famer was ______
A. Lancelot
B. Avalon
C. Mdred
D. Uther Pendragon
2. The writer seems to feel that the truth aboutArthur is that he ______.
A. existed
B. was married to Guinevere
C. had many knights
D. was bn at Tintagael
3. The infmation in the second paragraph ismostly presented in ______.
A. spatial der
B. der from latest to earliest
C. der from earliest to latest
D. der from least persuasive
4. In the last paragraph the wd “exhumed”means_____
A. dug up from the grave
B. buried
C. quarreled over
D. built a church around
5. Another good title f this passage would be
______
A. Kings in the Seventh Century
B. The Knights of the Round Table
C. Real Legend?
D. Arthur’s Marriage to Guinevere.
2016职称英语新增文章B级：The Romance of Arthur.doc [全文共1640字] 编号：6466590。