职称英语新增文章B级：Style,NotFashion
职称英语新增综合B
完形填空综合类B级*第六篇T eaching and Learning【教与学】Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with1 the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect student to be familiar with the ____1____ in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The ____2____ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of2 ___3____, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned ___4____brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is ___5____for learning the material assigned. When research is ____63___, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with ____7____guidance. It is the stu dent’s responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain ___8____a university library works; they expect students _____9___ graduate students to exhaust the reference ____10____in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but ____11____ that their students should not be ___12____dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties ___13____teaching, such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is ___14_____. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either ___15____ a professor during office hours3 or make an appointment.练习：l. A) suggestion B) context C) abstract D) information2. A) poor B) ideal C) average D) disappointed3. A) fun B) work C) learning D) prize4. A) by B) in C) for D) with5. A) criticized B) innocent C) responsible D) dismissed6. A) collected B) distributed C) assigned D) finished7. A) maximum B) minimum C) possible D) practical8. A) when B) what C) why D) how9. A) particularly B) essentially C) obviously D) rarely10. A) selections B) collections C) sources D) origins11. A) hate B ) dislike C) like D) prefer12. A) too B) such C) much D) more13. A) but B) except C) with D) besides14. A) plentiful B) limited C) irregular D) flexible15. A) greet B) annoy C) approach D) attach答案1. D2. B3. C4. D5. C6. C7. B8. D9. A10. C 11. D 12. A13. D 14. B 15. C第六篇教与学许多教师认为学习是学生的责任。
2014职称英语-综合B级新增及补全文章(含译文)
阅读判断What Is a Dream？1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. A2.According to Freud，people dream about things that they cannot talk about. A3.Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself.B4.In the past，people believed that dreams involved emotions. C5.According to Domhoff，babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.A6.Men and women dream about different things.A7.Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.B什么是梦？许多世纪以来，人们都对他们梦到的奇异事情感到疑惑。
一些心理学家认为，这种大脑的夜间活动并没有特殊含义。
另一些人则认为，梦是生命中重要的一部分。
实际上，许多专家认为，梦能揭示人的心理和情感活动。
近代以前，很多人认为梦传递的是上帝的信息。
直到20世纪，人们才开始从科学的角度研究梦。
奥地利心理学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德或许是第一个用科学的方法研究梦的人。
在他的著作《梦的解析》(1900)中，弗洛伊德写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。
他认为梦打开了一扇窗，让人们得以表达在生活中不敢表达的情感、思想和恐惧。
瑞士精神病学家卡尔·荣格曾是弗洛伊德的学生，但他对梦的看法与弗洛伊德不同。
他认为，做梦的目的是要给做梦的人传递一种信息。
而人们想想自已做的梦，便能对自己有一个更深刻的了解。
比如，如果梦到从高处坠落，那么他应该反思自己是不是白视过高。
职称英语等级考试（综合类B级）真题附答案和解析（2）
职称英语等级考试（综合类B级）真题附答案和解析（2）第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusualnot to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They findthat the phones are more than a means of communication —having a mobile phone showsthat they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems fromthe use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobilephone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that thereis no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of somepeople who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can bedetected with modern scanning(扫描)equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had toretire at a young age because of serio us memory loss. He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone forabout six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctorblamed his mobi le phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? Theanswer is radiation. High-techmachines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phonecompanies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worryabout.As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phonesless often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phoneonly when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially inemergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad foryour health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.31.People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT thatA.they’re popular.B.they’re cheap.C.they’re useful.D.they’re convenient.32.The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced byA.cured.B.removed.C.discovered.D.caused.33.The salesman retired young becauseA.he disliked using mobile phones.B.he couldn’t remember simple tasks.C.he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.D.his employer’s doctor persuaded him to.34.On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturingcompaniesA.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation.B.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation.C.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health.D.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.35.The writ er’s purpose of writing this article is to advise peopleA.to use mobile phones less often.B.to buy mobile phones.C.to update regular phones.D.to stop using mobile phones.第二篇 Excessive Demands on Young PeopleBeing able to multitask is hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recentstudy which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-calledGeneration M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as theymultitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering(浪费) away as much as halfof their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.Some young people are using an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At thesame time they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending outemails to their friends, and/or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods oron another computer. As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather thanreplacing one of the existing devices.Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way families themselvesfunction as young peopleare too wrapped up in(沉湎于)their own isolated worlds to interactwith the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enterthe house nor can they eat at the family table.All this electronic wizardry(魔力)is supposedly also seriously affecting young people’sperformance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of theimpact of modern gadgets(小装置)on their performance of tasks, the great majority ofyoung people gave a favorable response.The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The formerfeel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of studyskills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack ofconcentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently needremedial(补救的)help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering theworkforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become skilled.While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of youngpeople nowadays; in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due in respect of the waytoday’s youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them.36.What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M?A.They feel they are more efficient than others.B.They waste more time than they should spend.C.They put more energy on important tasks.D.They need to improve their analytical skills.37.With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens tothe Generation M’s present e-devices?A.They give way to the latest.B.They are quickly put aside.C.They are sold to their friends.D.They become part of their collection.38.Multitasking makes the Generation MA.feel lonely and pitiful.B.selfish and aggressive.C.distant to their family.D.silent and sad.39.The academics feel that many undergraduates badly need toA.adjust their social attitudes.B.seek psychological assistance.C.improve their study skills.D.take more business courses.40.What attitude should the older generation adopt towards the multitasking youth?A.Critical.B.Thankful.C.Negative.D.Supportive.第三篇 Three Ways to Become More CreativeMost people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone hasimagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn’talways connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free timeroutinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a trickyquestion to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques tohelpyou.This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First,think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image,word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated withcandles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The nextstage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend anoriginal present; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as youwant. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn toski(滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time andthe money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, orevery Monday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators(谈判者)use thistechnique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the charactersin their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can’t she ge t it? Whatchanges must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goalinvolves other people, put yourself “in their shoes”. The best fishermen think like fish!41.According to the passage, when we become adults, ______A.we can still learn to be more creative.B.most of us are no longer creative.C.we are not as imaginative as children.D.we are unwilling to be creative.42.According to the first technique, if you need to solve a problem, ______A.you could find an image and try to link it with the problem.B.you should link it with candles.C.you have to think of buying a present for a friend.D.you should link it with as many words as possible.43.The second technique suggests that you just imagineA.setting a goal is as simple as skiing.B.you have every resource to achieve your goal.C.new possibilities will soon appear.D.December and January are the best months for skiing.44.The phrase “put yourself ‘in their shoes’” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA.dress yourself like them.B.do as they ask you to.C.think as they would.D.put on their shoes.45.We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself:A.what do I usually do?B.what did my boss tell me to do?C.what are my customers’ needs?D.how should I sell my products?第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案（word版）（4）
职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案（word版）（4）第四部分：阅读理解短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇 Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talentedmusician, but you might not be a good reader . Each of us is different .Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words ,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests ,and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test ,do the same on all tests .Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School ofEducation ,has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by oneintelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .31.What is the main idea of this passage ?A. The importance of intelligence .B. The development of intelligence tests .C. How to understand intelligence .D. How to become intelligent .答案：C32.Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence ?A. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests .B. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests .C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests .D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oraltests .答案：A33.Gardner believes that ________ .A. all children are alike .B. children have different intelligences .C. children should take one intelligence test .D. there is no general intelligence .答案：B34.According to Gardner, schools should ________ .A. test students’ IQs .B. train students who do poorly on tests .C. focus on finding the most intelligent students .D. promote development of all intelligences .答案：D45.Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .A. biological foundation .B. musical foundation .C. intrapersonal foundation .D. linguistic foundation .答案：A第二篇The Worker's Role in ManagementTraditionally, it has been the worker's role to work and management's role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the worker's opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellersof labor——they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs(失业), often with no warning. At least 90 day's notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the company's profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.36.It can be interred from Paragraph 1 that managers________.A. seldom obtained workers’opinionsB. were not qualifiedC. disliked “suggestion boxes”D. never consulted the labor force.答案：B37.In recent years, many management specialists have been arguing that workers________.A. are no longer sellers of the productsB. are less affected by company decisions than before.C. are able to make final decisions for the company.D. should have a say in management of the company.答案：D38.The word “rank-and-life”Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. seniorB. ordinaryC. intelligentD. capable答案：B39.According to the passage, what happened between 1980 and 1985?A. Managers consulted workers before closing a plant.B. Workers did not make necessary concession.C. About five million workers were laid off without advance notice.D. Many companies were closed because of strikes.答案：C40.It not given a voice in managenal decision making workers_____.A. may lack the incentive to increase their productivity.B. cannot get a share in the company’s profits.C. can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity.D. will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant.答案：A第三篇Obesity(肥胖) in the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference —— of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries 一 1. 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said，“ Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany，20 per cent of the people are already affected，but in Japan only one per cent. ” But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said, "We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism(新陈代谢) of a stone-age man" “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every comer. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. ”Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said, “Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese，also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose(脂肪的) tissue complaints. ” "Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure. ”Another expert Hermann T oplak said that the state healthservices should improve their financing of preventive programs. "Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier. ”Ludvik said that p revention should begin in school. “ Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates(与……相关) with the time which children spend in front of TV sets. ”The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.41.Which of the following is true about obesiA. People in Japan needn’t worry about obesity.B. Obesity is a disease that lasts for a long time.C.20% of the people in the world are overweight.D.Obesity should be cured with new medication42. Which of the following does Prof. Friendrich Hopichler probably agree?A. Diabetes is mainly caused by obesity.B. 50% of patients with high blood pressure complained about obesity.C. The fast food supplied in American pizza shops is tasteless.D. The more one weights, the more likely he is to suffer from heart disease.答案：D43.Hermann Toplak suggested that more money should be spent on_______.A. health insuranceB. preventive programsC. state health servicesD. obesity-related surgeries答案：B44.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?A. DiabetesB. High blood pressureC. StomachacheD. Adipose tissue complaints答案：A45.”The consequences” in the last paragraph result from people_____.A. reducing their weightB. eating fast foodC. getting obeseD. spending too much time in front of TV sets答案：C。
职称英语新增文章B级
阅读判断*第十一篇Computer Mouse第十一篇Computer MouseThe basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do w ith a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting1，drawing，and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think2 how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak，so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Qther computer pointing devices include light pens，graphics tablets and touch screens，but the mouse is still our workhorse.The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text，it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse，with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983，really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.3 How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom，so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad，it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes (LED) mounted on either side4. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by，the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light，converts the pattern into an electronic signal，and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen.So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used.5One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.词汇:scroll / skrəul/ v. (在显示屏上)上下移动文本 pad /pæd/ n. 垫板mouse pad 鼠标垫板 graphics /'græfiks/ n. 图形，图表tablet /'tæblit/ n. 书写板 graphics tablet 图形书写板workhorse /'wə:khɔ:s/ n. 重负荷工作部件 shaft /ʃa:ft / n. 轴，杆状物emit /i'mit/v. 射出 diode /'daiəud/ n. 二极管cursor /'kə:Sər/ n. 光标 optical /'ɔptikl / adj. 光学的注释:1. copying and pasting: 复制和粘贴2. without stopping to think: 没有停下来想一下。
2013年职称英语综合类(B级)新增文章电子版(阅读理解和完形填空)
第十九篇The Family 家庭1. Another good title for this passage would be这篇文章的题目还可以是什么? A) What Makes a Family? 是什么构成了一个家2. A nuclear family is defined as_核心家庭的定义是什么?A) a married couple with their minor children3. The information in this passage would most likely be found in_这篇文章最有可能出自哪里?A) an anthropology textbook人类学课本4. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through _第一段的信息主要以何种方式陈述的?C) pointing out similarities通过描述共性而阐述出核心家庭的概念。
5. The word mobility means_ Mobility 是mobile 的名词形式B) readiness to move有流动性第二十篇Tales of the Terrible Past 讲述可怕的过去讲述可怕的过去讲述可怕的过去讲述可怕的过去1. This passage is mostly about__这篇文章主要讲什么? D) two novels that deal with slavery 关于奴隶制的两本小说2. Beloved is set__“宠儿”的设置背景是什么?C) in Ohio after the Civil War在内战之后的俄亥俄州。
3. The writer seems to feel that__作者的感觉是什么?B) the books are worthwhile but challenging这些作品非常值得写但又很有挑战性。
2022年职称英语考试理工类B级新增文章(二)新
2022年职称英语考试理工类B级新增文章（二）The Biology of Music(B级)The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing ( and many birds sing .better than a lot of people). However,the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals ,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate things -- especially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, it is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music?If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language. However, they don't automatically lose their musical abilities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose musicuntil his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body, scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have such a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice, and physical ability. That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's.mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes. And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally ,when a man sings to the woman he loves (or vice versa), it may be a way of showing off.However ,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists, this is clearly an area that needs further research.词汇：automatically adv.自动地note n.音符stroke n.中风解释：1.It is also true that humans，not animals，have developed musical instruments：人研制出了乐器，而动物则不能。
2019年职称英语考试理工类B级新增文章(三)
2019年职称英语考试理工类B级新增文章（三）I'll Be Bach(B级)I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers' brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data： it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns;Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren't good, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work todo-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more. complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database.,A few years later, Cope's computer program, called "Emmy", was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeksto finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music ,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!词汇：original adj.有独创性的 collaboration n.合作review n.评论 feedback n.反馈注释：1.J.S.Bach：约翰?塞巴斯蒂安?巴赫(德语：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日--1750年7月28日)，巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
职称英语考试/备考辅导
2016职称英语新增文章B级：Style,
Not Fashion
Style goes way beyondfashion: It is the distinctive way we put ourselves together. It is a uniqueblend of spirit substance-personal identity imposed oil created throughthe wld of things. _____ (1) It is what people really want when they aspireto be fashionable. (if they aren't just adningthemselvesin status symbols).
Through clothes, wereinvent ourselves every time we get dressed. Our wardrobe is our visual vocabulary. Style is ourdistinctive pattern of speech, our individual poetry.
Fashion is the least of it.Style is, f starters, one part identity: self-awareness self-knowledge._____ (2) And style requires security-feeling at home in your body, physically mentally. Of course, like all knowledge, self-knowledge must
be d as yougrow evolve; style takes ongoing self-assessment.
Style is also one partpersonality: spirit: verve, attitude, wit, inventiveness. It dems the desire confidence to express whatever mood one wishes. Such variability is notonly necessary but a reflection of a person's unique complexity as a humanbeing. _____ (3) In der to wk, style must reflect the real self, thecharacter personality of the individual; anything less appears to be acostume?
Lastly, style is one partfashion. It's possible to have lots of clothes not an ounce of style. Butit’s also possible to have very few clothes
lots of style. Yes, fashion isthe means through which we express style, but it takes fewer clothes to bestylish than you might imagine.
Whatever else it is, styleis optimism made visible. Style presumes that you are a person of interest:that the wld is a place of interest that life is wth making the efft f.It also shows that
you are mally responsible. It shows that you don't buythings at the whim of the marketplace the urging of marketers. _____ (4) Styleexposes people's ambivalence over good looks. It always demonstrates that appearancesdo count. Deep down we suspect this, since we ourselves make judgments aboutothers from how they look.
No one should be penalizedf not having style, of course, but those who have it are distinctive thusme memable. _____ (5) They announce to the wld that they are in commof themselves. 词汇：
adn v.装饰，使更美观
wardrobe n. (个人的)全部服装
suspect v.怀疑，猜想
wit n.风趣，说话风趣的人
blend v.混在一起，混合
ambivalence n.矛盾心理，矛盾心态
注释：
1.aspire to be fashionable:渴望赶上时尚潮流
2.an ounce of style: 一丁点的风格
3.atthe whim of:心血来潮(突发奇想)
练习：
A It is a way of capturing something vibrant,making a statement about ourselves in clothes.
B Fashion is part of sty1e.
C Rather, you focus on what is personallysuitable expressive.
D You can’t have style until you have a senseof who you are.
E They create a unique identity f themselves express it through grooming a few well-chosen clothes.
F People want to be themselves to be seenas themselves. 答案与题解：
A 第一段都在解释什么是风格，六个选项中A、B、D
三项都涉及风格，根据文章内容和句式的排比可以看出答案是选项A。
D 本段的主旨句是第二句话，本句是对主旨句的阐释，讲风格与自我认知的关系。
只有选项D符合。
F 本段的主旨句是第一句话，全段在解释风格与个性的关系。
所以，只有选项F符合。
C 前一句在讲有风格的人不是心血来潮，可以推测此处应该讲有风格的人应该是如何的。
只有选项C的句意与其对照，且符合整个段意。
所以，正确答案是选项C。
E 前一句讲有风格的人是独特的，因此也更容易被人记住，选项E在解释他们是通过什么方式做到这一点的。
所以，选项E符合本段段意。
2016职称英语新增文章B级：Style, Not Fashion.doc [全文共1833字] 编号：6466606。