时代的叛逆者_霍尔顿形象分析_焦玲玲

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《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析(Word最新版)

《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析通过整理的《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析相关文档，希望对大家有所帮助，谢谢观看！《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析黑体小二号居中，单倍行距摘要霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。

显而易见，形象鲜活的霍尔顿给各个时代的读者都带来了深深地震撼。

本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。

主人公所处的现实社会是矛盾的、对立的。

“假模假样”是这部小说中的一个经典词语，也是主人公常用的词语。

本文将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。

同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。

为了让读者能够更深入的了解主人公和第二次世界大战后美国的社会现状，及作品背后蕴藏的深意，本文对霍尔顿这个具有代表性的人物形象作了深刻的剖析。

关键词: 纯真；性格分析；假模假样；反叛Abstract Holden is the young protagonist of the famous literaryworks “The Catcher in the Rye“, which is written by Salinger. At the same time, Holden also represents the youth of American at that time. It is obvious that the vivid image of Holden profoundly impacts all its readers. This thesis will focus on analyzing the personality characteristics of Holden. The real society in which the protagonist lives is contradictory and antagonistic. “Phony“ is a classic words in the novel, and it is also commonly used by the protagonist. It vividly described social hypocrisy and ugliness in the eyes of Holden. This article will analyze Holden’s contradictory character from two aspects, including the rebelliousness in his personality and his noble ideals of defending for purity and chasing happiness. Meanwhile, this paper also explores causes that formed Holden’s contradictory personality by analyzing social and environmental factors, aiming to find out the root of his character. In order to give the reader a deeper understanding on the protagonist, the social situation of the United States after in the Second World War, and the profound meaning behind the works, this article makes a profound analysis on the representative image of Holden. Key words: Purity; personality analysis; phony; rebel Contents 摘要ⅰ Abstract ⅱ Contents ⅲ Chapter One Introduction 2 1.1 Holden Caulfield 2 1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel 2 Chapter TowHolden—the Innocent image in The Catcher in the Rye 2 2.1 Holden — A Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time 2 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children 2 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden 2 2.2.2 A Catcher 2 Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 2 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs 2 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School 2 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel— Red Hunter Cap 2 3.2 Evading in the Revolt 2 3.3 Growing in the Revolt 2 Chapter Four The reasons of Contradictory character 2 4.1 The social environment 2 4.2 The education environment 2 Chapter Five Conclusion 2 Bibliography 2 Acknowledgements 21 Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Holden Caulfield The hero in The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield, was a middle school student, who was born in a rich middle-class family. He was only 16 years old, but he was taller than normal teenagers of the same age. He always wore a cap and trench coat every day. Holden did not like studying at school, and was expelled from school three times. Although he was expelled for failing four of his five subjects at the end of one semester, he didn＇t feel sorry. After fighting with his classmates, he didn’t dare to go home. Then he found a small hotel to live in for one day. And he saw some men and women with disordered life there. There was a man who wore women clothes; each of his postures made Holden feel sick.He would hang out in clubs every time he felt bored. He was annoyed when returning back to the hotel. So he agreed with Maurice’s advice to work as an elevator worker, since Maurice would find a prostitute for him. But when the prostitute came, he felt nervous and scared, and finally had to give five dollars to the prostitute. The next day, Holden donated $10 to two nuns while wandering in the street. Holden went skating with his girlfriend Sally after watching a match. When he saw Sally’s insincerity, Holden felt bad. Holden didn’t want to go home or continue to go to school. Therefore, he decided to make a living in the west and pretended to be a deaf and dumb to live his rest life. But before leaving, he would like to see his sister. So he called her. Having waited for her for a long time, he saw his sister Phoebe arrived dragging a big suitcase full of her clothes. She was determined to go with her brother to the west. Finally, because of his sister’s persistence, he had to give up his plan to the west. 1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel The Catcher in the Rye is one of the greatest works of modern literature. The author, Jerome David Salinger, wrote this novel whiling publishing some short novels. However, it had made significant impact on the society and literature of America. The Catcher in the Rye was popular among American teenagers, because it reflected their inside feeling. Critics believed itwas the best “initiation novel”. The y considered that the novel had some similarities with Huckleberry Finn, a masterpiece of Mark Twain. After it published, The Catcher in the Rye directly influenced creating novels o f this kind. “I just wanted to be a catcher in the rye” is its symbolic image, representing the whole meaning of the novel. Salinger hoped to have such a dream that he could accompany the growth of children. Holden’hunter red hat, another profound meaning of the image, consistently existed through the whole novel. The hero wo uld like to be “the catcher in the rye” and then he would be responsible for the safety of children and alert like a hunter. His hat stood for his ideal and responsibility and also the harbor of body and mind. Later he gave the hat to his most beloved sister hoping that she could approve with his thoughts and actions. Chapter Two Holden—the Innocent Image in The Catcher in the Rye 2.1 Holden —a Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time It can be known from the novel that Holden did not like the hypocrisy of society, and looked forwards to chase the purity of childhood. As long as purity is mentioned, it will make the pure world occur to our mind. In this novel, the pure world was demonstrated by the representative characters. The first one was Alley who was Holden＇s younger brother. He loved Alley for the reason that Alley was hisbrother as well as because his chasteness and wisdom. As Holden remembered, he slept in the carbarn at the time when Alley died. So he always thought that he should be responsible for Alley’s death. Because he was particularly sad, his fists fiercely broke the glass window. Additionally, he also had the mind that he would die, too. There is another detail that also could found he loved Alley very much: he had been keeping Alley’s baseball glove. As Stradlater＇s request Holden created an article whose content is concerning about the gloves. He often talked to Alley, and it seemed that his younger brother still stayed beside him. As Phoebe asked Holden about what kind thing and person he liked, it often easily made hime to has his cute brother in mind. He knew that Alley had died, but he was the symbol of purity in his heart. Holden exerted all his energies to conrcern with Phoebe when faced her. He looked forward to defend her innocent and pure heart. As he was swallowed by the hypocritical people as well as society, and even as he almost lost hope for everything, then he entered Phoebe’s room. He told her that he was afraid he would not have an opportunity to see her any more before his death. At the time he made up his mind to go to the West, he said goodbye to Phoebe. He was almost insane when he found the obscene words on the her school walls. It was very has for him toimagine that if students see these kinds of words, what would appear in their mind. Phoebe had expressed her willing to company with him, but he refused frankly. He looked forward her keeping a positive and optimistic attitude towards her life. One time she just said a simple words “shut up”, which surprised him a lot. In Holden＇s mind, when encounter troublesome things, he would think the little girls wearing skating shoes wew very lovable. Here, the word “lovable“ was employed to describe the world in opposition to “hypocritical”. As to the meaning of “lovable“, it contained the quality of sincerity and innocent, and all of them were illustrated by children. Holden had encountered two nuns, both of them were quite nice because they put all their heart and soul to help others, which was different to his aunts who would not do good things. In addition, his aunt would never appear before the public without making up. However, the nuns were not do the same, so they were the symbol of adult＇s purity. What＇s more, there were a lot of other things occured in his mind every now and then, for example his girlfriend Jane, Richard who spoke unconstrainedly in oral class, the changeless duck, the fish in lake, as well as the relic in museum, and even a hunter＇s red cap, all of which transmitted intrinsic signals in his sub-consciousness. In “Survey of Contemporary American Novel”proposed by Huang Tiechi who argued that the signals just keeps two information: the first one is that Holden loves purity and keeps chasing it, and also looks forward to keep innocence as children; the other is changeless and freezing things, and they all demonstrate his intelligence and dignity. (Huang, 2000: 7). 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children As Holden had fight against the ugly world, he felt quite tired, and he had disappointment about the corruption and mendacity in the society. He desired to run into the real Eden, at which place he could live with purity and honesty. 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden As to Holden, the ideal Eden was a pure and innocent place for children. Holden agued the world he lived in were full of wicked and brutal things, and the people were all lousy. Therefore, he preferred to isolate himself from the hated world and people. Different with the inveracious and wicked adult world, children＇s simplicity made him be pleased and comforted. To him, together with children was very important to him, as well as his dream about childhood was significant to him. The children world was as clear as crystal, and it was a world filled with love, and warm could be found everywhere. Holden kept the ideal it s hould protect children from disturbing, so that they can keep the pure and real nature of human. It is the ideal Eden that made Holden to become a protector toprotect the good nature of children. In the adult world, dismay and corruption were here and there. So, in Holden’s mind, the single thing that worth him to do is to make all his effort to protect children from not to be influenced, and try his best to maintain their innocent nature. “Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody’s around-nobody big, I mean-except me. And I’m standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff-I mean if they’re running and they don’t look where they’re going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That’s all I’d do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the rye and all.”（Salinger, 1951:173）His biggest wish was to defend purity and children. He believed that people were naive and pure when they were children before decaying by adult. There was no doubt that the ideal Eden was equivalent to a faultless Holy Land. 2.2.2 A Catcher Holden created by the author was test himself and his life concept again. Finally, Holden started to clearly make up his thoughts—a bit incoherently, it was true—concerning the thing he was willing to do in his life. His hope is to be the “catcher”, who can defend children and their purity. He struggled to protect naive children from being disturbed by decadent adult world.He thirsted for philosophical meaning of his life, which keeps a primary moral aim overpassing the reality and practice. The task was as important as a savior. He didn’t mean to be sacrilegious intent, but his only hope was to keep human away from wickedness. The point of view of Holden was that all the unhappy features of a child were because he or her touch the adult world too early. Therefore, he longed for children to maintain purity, and never involving in adult world. Therefore, Holden preferred to become a catcher in the rye, so that he could save a lot of pure and naive children from the edge of cliff. It can be seen from the novel The Catcher in the Rye that the author assure us that Holden has the noble dream to seek for universal fraternity and spirit. He acted as a mutineer to the society, what’s more, he also manifested as a “catcher” protecting purity and children from the evil adult world. In addition, the purity that the children owned was one of the most distinguished nature of human. Holden’s career was significant, because it was good for children as well as for the whole world. It was no doubt that Holden should get the greatest compliment to some extent. Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs From the novel, it can be recognized that people had the right to obtain education right. For the purpose of achieving success, allpeople tried their best to pursue knowledge. He despised those around him, for example his father, his brother and others. Here giving an example to illustrate, “The fat her who is making a lot of dough and plays golf and plays bridge and buys cars and drinks Martinis and looks like a hot-shot.”（Salinger, 1951: 172）. His brother was quite clever, D. B, he chose the way to Hollywood, and looked forward to earn money by creating scripts. In addition, Anto Nepali married a old woman who had a lot of treasure. Holden hated all things like those. Therefore, he started to fight against the real world, and hoped to have a wonderful life as he want. 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School In the first part of the novel, it described that Holden was weeded out of Pencey because he fail one course out of five ones. However, he hadn’t as the school’s stipulated time, in fact, he left school in advance, which was his own way to revolt against the school. On his own initiative, he left school because of his own willing, but not because of outside driving. He was reluctant to make effort to learn, which clearly demonstrated he revolted against the educational system at that time. From some details in the story, they could also manifest Holden’s rebellion characters. Here giving an example, once he had visited his teacher Mr. Antolini, who compared and analyzed the difference between immature and mature man, and gave him thesignificant suggestions, but not suicidal suggestion.What was Holden’s response to the sincere advice? He had no interests in listening to suggestions of the teacher, since he only cared for himself. Holden didn’t accept the roles in the world by the constructive way, on the contrary, he rebelled against the school and the family, even the world with the immature attitude. Additionally, he displayed the revolt mood through the words of counter-legitimate and counter-cultured. For instance, it appeared frequently in his words “damn, goddamn, ass, o ld and so on.” These words appeared with extremely high frequency. It seemed as if Holden was degenerating. The implied meanings in these words are his attitude to the society, and they also expressed he was disgruntled and sad. His weird words and action made him out of the standards rule of society. 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel— Red Hunter Cap As to the red hat from a hunter, it was an unique symbol of the whole novel. The cap stood for Holden’s passive attitude and quality towards a lot of unhappy things in life. He bought it at the time he was repelled in school, and he had mentioned that if he did not want unhappy things to happen, he would wear it. The hunter cap had particular meaning in his dormitory. He said he knew it was hateful to wear the peak to back, but he liked to do it like that.（Salinger，1951:45）After struggling withStradlater, he displayed his behavior in an idiosyncratic way again. When he left Pencey, he wore the cap again and place the peak behind, which manifested his joyfulness and deliberateness. He often explained that he liked it that way, and highlighted that he just liked to do as that, from which it could be seen that demonstrated his choice explicitly, and also displayed that he rebelled against the social rule and norm. He made effort to express his wish by unnormal way. He looked forward to be himself, and had to manifest him in the hypocritical and insincere world. Generally speaking, the action of rebellion had agitative feature. It was no doubt that this kind of behavior had unique and particular meaning. Therefore, when recognizing the real society was impacted by decadent things, Holden revolted at once. While, his defiance was too negligible, hard and slow to be caught in mire. The more he rebelled, the deeper he would be caught, until to be swallowed. 3.2 Evading in the Revolt There was such a description in the novel. Holden wandered outside for three days and nights, observing and found the adult world was filled with wickedness, insincerity and evil. He was sensitive, but was not recognized by the society. He did not wants to live lonely, and hoped to get understand from the noisy world, therefore he tried to employ adult communication mode to talk with other people. Itwas the fact that he was eager to be understood and loved. Holden still kept an overwhelming dream, like a lot of children as well as adult, and need to pay attention. Holden usually appeared in a lot kinds of public places, and used phone to invited peoples including taxi driver and strangers. However, the results are usual out of his expectation, because he was refused or had no common words. Here, giving an example from the novel to demonstrate. After leaving hometown, Holden met Mrs. Morrow. He used lie to make her laugh, but they were glad. The other example was about a prostitute. He called her, but never felt any sexual desire. In fact, his three days experience was the effort he made to try to be understood and to acquire communication. He often looked forward to talk with people, because he was too lonely, and desired and catched all opportunities to communicate. With the more unpleasant communication, the more he was dissatisfied. He intended to revolt, however the fact was that he had no choice but to accept the world, but try to escape from it, however, he had to compromise once again. He even kept the mind that he was a man who could not hear and speak because he could not communicate with others in a long time. The world was repelling him, and there was full of loneliness in his heart, which alert him must be phony as others, as well as doing phony things. Hemade planed for his future life: he imaged he would do a work in gas station where he does not need to think about the type of work or nobody know him; where he does not need to hear and speak, but just get information from the customer’s piece of paper.（Salinger，1951:198）So, it can be easily found that his decision and action had very closely relationship with the real life and world, despite he could not found hope in the society he lived in. Analyzing from this aspect, it could be seen that he accept and understand about the real world, and it was reasonless to escape from the society. He finally went to a distant place in silent. He had no other choice but to do like that. Holden＇s final purpose was not to keep away from people and live in a distant place. The truth was that he experieced had fight between the idal and reality for the aim to find a suitable place. But, after encountering more and more failure, he recognized that no matter what he did, it would be no use. There was no such an ideal place in real world. Wang Lihong was a famous reviewer, and he once said Holden just had two choice, one was to accept the real society, the other was to be insane. In the real world, he had no choice but to accept the reality. Wang also gave an example to argue his point of view: Holden went back to school in Sept. and attempted to integrate i nto the society again. (Wang, 2006:180) As Wang＇s opinion, hechose to compromise totally. 3.3 Growing in the Revolt In his novel, J.D had created two lovely roles who were Holden and Phoebe, and they two were like angles. They possessed good qualities like kindness, honesty and courage. They had sympathy with others, and in particular, had the character of rebellion. They also get rid of the common norms of the society, and finally developed their own thought. His younger sister, Phoebe was the only one who Holden could talk about his ideal with. It was also Phoebe roused Holden’s heart by her loveliness and wisdom. Holden had experienced three days and nights seeking for communication, from which knew how to revolt against reality as well as recognized the important meaning of growth. There was detail description in 25th chapter of his book: Holden sat on a bench, and after a while, he watched his little sister riding wooden horse and playing with other children. Meanwhile, the children revolved again along with music. And he thought that they all were making effort to get the gold ring, including Phoebe, he worried she may fall off, but he still kept silence and did nothing. （Salinger，1951:211）. At the beginning Holden took care of Phoebe as parents, however he recognized that the best parents should allow kids to do something they want, and try to take adventure. Therefore, Holden believed it was important for childrento attempt to tough new things, which may have some risk. After realizing that, he just watched Phoebe grabbing the golden horse by herself tightly, and did not disturbed her. Here, the character’s conflict was manifested, that is to say, he reluctant to accept the adult life, but he had to grow up and learned to be mature. He was not a child any more, and would be adult soon, even though he thought the adult world were decadent. If he want to grow up quickly, he had to take adventure with enough courage. Then, he made effort to know the world and to accept it. This was a very necessary course he had to learn. He finally knew that if there was happiness, there was also sorrow, and the same as beauty and ugliness, which he learned from Phoebe. So, he believed that if the children wanted to grab the gold ring, adult should allow them to do and just keep silence; they may fallen off, but it was not good for adults to stop them . (Salinger，1951:211). Since then, he had been more and more mature. The merry-go-round was like life, as it revolved, the life also continued. Every body was revolved around the center axis. There was a academic article about this novel, and it made conclusion that Holden was not the only man who doubted and dissatisfied with real society, but if the jockey could follow the rules and adjust himself, then he/her would be safe on the wooden horse, in spite ofeverything outside. (Kong, 2001: 72) Time after time, Holden finally recognized that he longed for peace and solitude. Chapter Four The Reasons of Contradictory characters 4.1 Social Environment Holden met his brother’s ex-girlfriend when he drank in Greenwich Village and talked with his brother about who was a talented writer. His brother had published a good short story. But later he began to write some vulgar plays for Hollywood because of money. The ex-girlfriend pleased Holden and wanted to make up his brother. Holden felt disgusted and depressed about his brother, who was full of wit, submitted to the lure of money. No ordinary people would like his brother’s ex-girlfriend nor would artists like his brother who worked for money. The whole society was full of materialism. Even the art was filled with the worship of money. Holden’s disgust and frustration showed his contempt of adult world which was mired in materialism. Holden met Sarne at the night of his traveling. He sympathized with Sarne who gave in herself to vice due to the burden of life. Sarne was confused, angry with him, beating him and even ransacking him. She was the image of a social victim. Though, she had accepted the rules of the society where people were only interested in their own interests without caring about others as much as themselves. Holden had sympathy for her. He once again felt theindifference of society and the distortion of human nature. Therefore, every time Holden approached to people, he could not build an effective communication with them. Holden was banished from the world before he refused the world. So he expressed himself in a distorted way. He was cynical, sarcastic, liking lying, speaking nonsense, teasing, and even insulting others. He often felt that he was a terrible liar, a madman, and a fool. After he gained insight of the distortion of the adult world and also his own spiritual distortions, it seemed that escape was the only choice for Holden. However reality let him know that “you will never find a comfortable, quiet place, because there is no place like this”. 4.2 Educational Environment The school where Holden studied had a high reputation in the educational field, which should provide a good education and healthy growth for students. On the contrary, there were a lot of unhealthy social trends. Everyone around Holden was “a hypocrite”. Reading books and learning knowledge were only to “get advanced in the society so that in the future they can buy a goddam Cadillac”. What students did was “talking a bout women, alcohol and sex”. Obviously, such school was not an ideal place for Holden. He looked down upon those hypocrites who were senior students and hated those classmates who followed them, which made him unfit tothe surroundings. No one could really understand his rebellious character. Andolini is one of the most important figures whom Holden visited after he left school. He used to be Holden’s teacher. Holden considered him as the best teacher he had in his life, and respected his brave and righteous deeds. Therefore, after Holden suffered a series of defeat, he came to Antonelli’s apartment with confidence and imagined to get understanding and consolation. But the teacher who once left him a good impression told his students: “the sign of an immature m an is that he is willing to die bravely for his cause”, and his mark a mature m an with difference that he prefers to live humbly for his cause. It was clear that Holden was “immature” in his mind, and he himself was “mature”. From the perspective of the adult world, the advice Antonelli gave to Holden might make sense. But it couldn’t release Holden’s confusion. He was lonely and painful because he didn’t want to live humbly like most people. Even his most respected and trusted teacher educated him to be a person like that. He was very confused, very disappointed, especially when he woke up from his sleep and found that his teacher might be a gay. He then immediately found an excuse and escaped away from Antonelli’s house. All his hopes vanished; what the world gave him was only despair. Chapter Five Conclusion In the novel, the authorshowed us a subtle, rebellious and quite self-conscious teenager who found his own identity from the external society, however, in which he found him was inconsistent with the society in reverse. In the novel, Holden stood for a revolt to real society, and stood in the opposite position to combat mendacity and smuttiness. He was tired of and even and dismayed about the decadence and fraud. In the process of rebelling the already built life values in the adult society, he recognized the real meaning and significance of life. As a representative young man, he loved and had a sensitive feeling for the modern world. Meanwhile, he was an adolescent, concatenating these in childhood and adulthood. Therefore, he manifested naivety, sincerity and honesty were needed. In his heart, Childhood was the most wonderful time in his life. What’s more, he desired enter a real Eden at that place all people could pursue naive and genuine life. His willing is to become “a catcher in the rye.” Without any doubt, it was a particular noble work for him. Generally speaking, in this novel, Holden was designed as rebellion to the society and dream pursuer at the same time. In a word, through depicting Holden Caulfield’s feeling to the society, the author vividly presented social problems at that time. At the same time, Holden is a typical adolescent of the time in America. No matter in the past or at present, his particular。

《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿人物形象分析霍尔顿是个怎样的人

《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿人物形象分析霍尔顿是个怎样的人（最新版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。

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《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析

《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析发布时间：2021-12-07T05:36:38.907Z 来源：《教育研究》2021年12月中35期作者：陈姣姣[导读] 霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。

本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。

将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。

同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。

西安外事学院陈姣姣摘要：霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。

本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。

将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。

同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。

关键词: 霍尔顿;人物形象;性格前言《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作，从这部世界知名的作品中，我们可以看到作者通过细腻的笔触为我们塑造了一位具有复杂且矛盾的独特性格的主人公。

显然，上述塑造人物的方式并不是塞林格独创的，最早在上世纪初期，海明威等一些作家在创作有关战争对青少年心理影响的作品时，此类小说的着手点就是叙述战争对青少年产生的伤害。

和海明威等人的作品不同的是，即便《麦田里的守望者》也重点叙述战争对青少年的现实影响，但其更加关注主人公性格中叛逆和反抗精神的叙述，本文主要基于《麦田里的守望者》主人公的复杂性格开展全面且详细的探究，同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以及对当前社会发展和个人成长带来积极的影响。

一、《麦田里的守望者》人物性格（一）积极向上的性格特点1.追求纯真理想由于霍尔顿与丑陋的世界作斗争，他对社会的腐败和虚伪感到失望。

浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格

浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作，全书通过主人公霍尔顿的视角展现了一个叛逆、犹豫不决、思想敏感的青少年形象。

霍尔顿的矛盾性格是小说的一大亮点，他既具有叛逆不羁的一面，又深藏着对世界的关爱和对美好的追寻。

本文将对霍尔顿的矛盾性格进行分析，探讨他在小说中的内心世界和行为举止。

霍尔顿的矛盾性格体现在他对世界的态度上。

他痛恨虚伪和虚假，对身边的人和事都持有质疑的态度。

他不愿意接受社会的规范和道德准则，对学校的体制、老师的教导以及同学的行为都持有抵触情绪。

与此霍尔顿又对世界充满了关怀和理想。

他对妹妹菲莉丝的关爱和保护是最好的证明，他希望菲莉丝能够保持纯真和天真，不被社会的丑恶所侵蚀。

霍尔顿的这种矛盾性格表现了他内心深处对美好和善良的追求，同时也在不断地对世界提出质疑和挑战。

霍尔顿在情感世界中的矛盾性格也是显著的。

他常常表现出冷漠和不关心的一面，对外界的事物和人都持有一种漠然的态度。

他经常用“什么玩意儿”、“怎么个糟糕”等词语来形容周围的人和事，显得非常冷漠和不屑。

当他遇到了真正感兴趣的事物和人时，他又表现出过分关心和热情。

他对菲莉丝的关爱是最好的例证，他虽然不停地责怪她幼稚和不懂事，却又对她关心备至，不愿让她受到任何伤害。

霍尔顿对自己情感世界的矛盾表现了他对真善美的追求和对丑恶的拒绝，也表现了他在成长过程中的迷茫与挣扎。

霍尔顿的矛盾性格还体现在他对理想和现实的矛盾上。

他对理想的追求和对现实的妥协一直是他内心斗争的焦点。

他希望能够守护麦田里的孩子，阻止他们掉进温室玻璃碎片那一侧的深渊。

他不满于现实的世界，认为这个世界充满了虚伪和堕落。

他却无法完全逃避现实，不得不应对社会的压力和人际关系。

这种理想与现实的矛盾使得霍尔顿的内心更加纠结和扭曲，他时常陷入迷茫和彷徨之中。

霍尔顿的矛盾性格在行为举止中也得到了体现。

他常常表现出叛逆不羁的性格，对权威和规则持有质疑和反抗的态度。

叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析

叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析一、《麦田里的守望者》简介《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格创作于1951年的小说，被誉为20世纪最重要的作品之一。

小说以第一人称叙述方式呈现，主要讲述了十六岁少年霍尔顿·考菲尔德在纽约度过一个周末，并且揭示了他对社会虚伪和人性善恶的思考。

二、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的叛逆性格1. 反对社会假象霍尔顿对社会虚伪深感厌恶，他嘲笑那些为了个人利益而丧失真实自我的人。

他反抗着虚伪面具所代表的成熟和冷漠，代表着对荒谬行为及其动机达到极限情绪。

> "呆板如石英钟机,设法享有一点私下空间；但你知道老子病毒已感染社会——尤其是市场松复时期、“国家安全（显然是指第二次洲际战争）”百廷争议节。

“ (《麦田里的守望者》)2. 对成人世界的不认同霍尔顿排斥成人世界，认为他们无法理解年轻人内心的真实感受。

他对家长、老师以及社会阶层有非常负面的看法，他无法适应这个伪善与冷漠并存的世界，因此努力寻找一个发泄自我的出口。

> "同时我幻想荒谬无厘头事、踏足外地；新地方、孤独美好。

某些时候我想沿途找个远远离开人类完全见识个反脱离，住农场或训练角斗士。

”(《麦田里的守望者》)3. 保护天真与纯洁霍尔顿认为儿童是纯洁无邪的，他试图将这种纯真保留下来，并愿意为此付出努力。

他认为自己有责任站出来保护那些即将失去天真童真的孩子们。

> “当你跑到在馆员前敏捷婴琵琶声飞，而又知道：完犊子！你傻了。

- 而这短促落胎期。

(《麦田里的守望者》)三、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的成长过程1. 寻找自我认同在矛盾与反叛中，霍尔顿不断尝试寻找自己的定位和认同。

他试图通过观察别人和推敲事物来理解自己。

这个过程是艰难且充满挫折的，但也逐渐帮助他建立了清晰的价值观。

> “其积极与阴暗演技操遥控大有真意之来源_起重机作工需要如果所题材支撑范围召任[边界具备请博格对你拉链扣环采伏共染窗户测试问造}`《麦田里的守望者》)2. 学会接纳现实经历一系列挫折和成长后，霍尔顿逐渐认识到无法永远保持理想与天真童心。

霍尔顿考尔菲尔德一个永不过时的角色

霍尔顿考尔菲尔德一个永不过时的角色霍尔顿考尔菲尔德（Holden Caulfield）是美国作家J.D.塞林格（J.D. Salinger）所创造的一个文学角色，出现在他的小说《麦田里的守望者》（The Catcher in the Rye）中。

霍尔顿的形象和故事情节扑面而来，并成为一代读者心中永不过时的青春英雄。

本文将探讨霍尔顿考尔菲尔德为何成为一个永不过时的角色，以及他所代表的价值观和思想。

一. 霍尔顿的温情和反叛之心霍尔顿是一个十六岁的少年，受到家庭问题和学校制度的困扰。

他对生活的不满和对虚伪的厌恶促使他采取一系列的反叛行为。

他对年长者的冷漠和社会规则的无视，使他成为当代青少年的代言人。

霍尔顿的人性和情感使他在读者的心中占据重要的位置。

二. 霍尔顿的关注和保护弱者霍尔顿对被他描述为“摔打在麦田里”的孩子们充满关爱和保护欲望。

他象征性地扮演了捕捉孩子们，在他们即将走向堕落的边缘时拯救他们的守护者。

他的关怀和忧虑，反映了社会对保护弱者的渴望，这也是他深入人心的原因之一。

三. 霍尔顿的孤独和迷茫霍尔顿独自面对世界，心灵上的孤独和迷茫在整个故事中都得到了描绘。

他试图融入社会，但对于虚假和荒谬的价值观无法接受。

尽管他表面上显得冷漠和反叛，但内心中他渴望着真实和纯洁。

这种深层次的孤独感使得读者能够以霍尔顿的视角重新审视自己的人生和价值观。

四. 霍尔顿的成长和反思霍尔顿在逃离学校后度过了几天，这段时间里他经历了许多人际关系以及对自己的思考和反省。

在这个过程中，霍尔顿开始对他自己的过去和未来做出了更深入的思考。

他开始接受自己的孤独和责任，这标志着他的成长和成熟。

五. 霍尔顿的永恒和影响霍尔顿的故事和他所代表的思想反叛精神在数十年来一直影响着读者。

他所表达的对虚假和荒谬社会的批判触动了读者的内心和思想。

他的形象和思考方式被广泛传播和讨论，使得他成为永不过时的角色。

结论：霍尔顿考尔菲尔德作为一个永不过时的角色，凭借他温情和反叛的特质，以及对弱者的关注和保护，吸引了无数读者的心。

浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格

浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作。

小说的主人公霍尔顿是一个十七岁的男孩，他经常表现出一种矛盾的性格特征，同时展现出强烈的反叛心态和孤独感。

本文将从以下几个方面对霍尔顿的矛盾性格做一浅析。

一、寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾霍尔顿一方面非常珍爱真实，憎恶虚伪，他认为社会上的许多人都是虚伪的，带着面具生活。

但另一方面他也会逃避现实，通过想象来逃避现实，他幻想着有一个神秘的地方，人们在那里不受批判地做自己想做的事情。

这种寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾使霍尔顿陷入了孤独和尴尬的境地。

二、爱恨交加的矛盾霍尔顿对周围的人经常表现出爱恨交加的情绪。

他对他的妹妹菲茨刻意保护，但是又不能忍受她成长为一个女人。

他对弟弟艾伦的死感到非常难过，但是又因为父母的反应而感到非常愤怒和失望。

而且，尽管霍尔顿在社会上表现得非常反叛，但他却表现出极度的渴望被别人关心和爱护的渴望，这种矛盾情感也反映了霍尔顿极端复杂内心。

三、明白人和愚蠢人的矛盾霍尔顿非常鄙视那些他认为愚蠢的人，他对他所见到的一些方面的愚蠢的现实表示出强烈的不满和反感。

然而，霍尔顿又非常看重那些他认为是聪明而有才智的人，他喜欢那些独立思考的人，而且往往对那些发现了自己矛盾的人给予极度的尊重。

这种矛盾表明霍尔顿有着相对固定的价值观同时又有许多无法理解和理解的结构和信仰。

“麦田里的守望者”是一本描绘成长期间的人性与社会现实交汇的小说，通过描绘霍尔顿的性格矛盾，展现了一个孩子心态与现实间的巨大裂缝。

霍尔顿内心深处所面对的矛盾，反映人生本身就是一个充满矛盾的过程，是我们从无知到理智，从稚嫩到成熟自我认知的过程。

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[收稿日期] 2009 01 09[作者简介] 焦玲玲,女,牡丹江师范学院教师,研究方向:比较文学与世界文学。

时代的叛逆者霍尔顿形象分析焦玲玲(牡丹江师范学院,黑龙江牡丹江157012)[摘要] 塞林格凭借麦田里的守望者!一举成名,其笔下的主人公霍尔顿是一位时代的叛逆者。

本文就叛逆的时代、叛逆的作者和叛逆的霍尔顿形象进行了分析,阐述了内心充满矛盾时代的叛逆者霍尔顿不能与人沟通,以至于逃离学校、家庭、社会,最终走向精神崩溃的历程。

[关键词] 霍尔顿;时代;叛逆者[中图分类法]I095.712 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1003-6121(2009)02-0029-021951年美籍犹太裔作家塞林格出版了他的长篇小说麦田里的守望者!,并由此成为美国文坛中的著名作家。

小说是主人公霍尔顿在精神病院对他的精神分析医生讲述的故事,是出身富裕的中产阶级家庭的16岁少年霍尔顿,在他第四次被学校开除之后,不敢贸然回家,只身在美国最繁华的城市纽约游荡了一天两夜。

他看不惯社会中的种种虚伪丑陋,无法忍受现实生活中发生的一切,幻想做一名麦田里的守望者,守护孩子免于坠入虚伪社会的深渊,甚至想逃离这个虚伪的现实世界,逃离学校、家庭、社会,他苦闷、彷徨,最后彻底崩溃,住进了精神病院。

本文就霍尔顿生活的时代背景加以论述,进而分析霍尔顿形象的典型意义。

一、叛逆的时代二战后,西方非理性主义思潮广泛传入美国,∀非理性的#这个术语,通常含有∀为理性所不能理解的#、∀用逻辑概念所不能表达的#等涵义。

非理性主义往往将理性同直观、直觉、本能等对立起来。

非理性主义源自叔本华、尼采的哲学,强调对个体原始生命力的肯定和张扬,对僵硬、呆板的工具理性的鞭挞,对虚伪空洞、窒息人性的秩序性价值观念的摒弃,非理性主义否定或限制理性在认识中的作用。

叔本华宣扬无意识的意志,断言理性和科学不适用于道德范围;尼采宣扬∀权力意志#论,鼓吹非道德主义;柏格森宣扬直觉;存在主义宣扬存在不是客体而是主体,∀存在先于本质#,否认道德规律的客观性,等等。

这些都是非理性主义的表现。

从总体上说非理性主义是精神危机的哲学,但它把人作为研究的主体和主要内容,高扬主题性,在某种意义上体现了现代人的意义和精神,具有积极的意义。

霍尔顿的孤独、焦虑的情绪,逃避与叛逆的行为即是与这种时代背景和理论基础相符合的。

霍尔顿这一叛逆形象的出现即是塞林格在物质富裕时,对把握人的生命在历史进程中的地位的思考。

二战后美国人民的不安、苦闷、孤独及对传统的叛逆等情绪在他的这部作品中有着鲜明的反映。

生命个体性的存在和对这一信念的极端捍卫、追寻,使他们成了另类的叛逆者。

这些青年叛逆者成为∀垮掉的一代#。

麦田里的守望者!创作于1951年,正是∀垮掉的一代#运动兴起时,是社会转型期和非理性主义哲学在文学中的反映。

二、叛逆的作者麦田里的守望者!的作者塞林格也很具有传奇性。

他1919年出生于纽约,父亲是做奶酪和火腿进口生意的犹太商人,家境相当富裕。

他早年在纽约和宾夕法尼亚州一带求学,15岁进入军校学习。

作品中的关于寄宿学校的描写,很大一部分是以军校为背景的。

通过塞林格对霍尔顿求学的潘西中学的描绘,可以看出塞林格在军校里的生活:虚伪的校长、蠢笨的教师、陈旧的教学、肮脏的宿舍、玩世不恭的学生∃∃塞林格在这样的环境里学习,远离家庭,缺少父母的关爱,内心充满着孤独、苦闷。

第二次世界大战期间他随美军驻欧洲从事情报工作,1946年返回美国,塞林格在军校学习期间就开始了写作生涯。

1951年发表的麦田里的守望者!反映了在高度文明和商业化的美国现代社会里,人所处的孤立的处境,形象地再现了20世纪50年代美国青少年的迷惘心理,表达了作者精神上的追求以及对当时美国社会普遍存在的物质至上主义的批判。

塞林格以细腻深刻的笔法剖析了霍尔顿的复杂心理,对他的理想与现实冲突这一心理加以分析。

在塞林格的笔下,霍尔顿是一个不求上进、放纵、寻求刺激但又心地善良纯洁的∀反英雄#形象。

小说的主人公霍尔顿%考菲尔德是一个年仅16岁性格矛盾复杂的男孩。

一方面,他玩世不恭,不肯读书,不求上进,满口粗言秽语,抽烟、酗酒、打架,甚至找妓女玩,是一位十足的不良少年;另一方面,他又有着一颗纯洁善良、追求美好生活和崇高理想的童心。

其实塞林格不过是借助霍尔顿来表达他自己内心的孤独、焦虑、厌世与叛逆。

塞林格出生在犹太商人家庭,这也是他独特的印记。

在犹太人的思想里,他们流浪了几个世纪,没有栖身之所,没有故国家园,受人歧视。

流浪到了美国,犹太人大部分物质生活困苦,精神生活遭冷遇,始终寄人篱下。

犹太人中有些经过拼搏,经济地位大大改善,但精神家园始终荒芜。

此外,根据犹太人的宗教信仰,认为只有上帝的永恒世界才是29 2009年第2期牡丹江师范学院学报(哲社版)N o.2,2009(总第150期)Jo urnal of M udanjiang N or mal U niv ersityT o tal N o.150真实的世界,人世间充满了痛苦,是个异化变形的世界。

生活在美国的社会环境中,塞林格和一些犹太作家一样不自觉地避免同本民族的文化进行交往,但是骨子里却继承了犹太哲学化的思维定势。

塞林格作为犹太人,虽然家庭富裕,衣食无忧,但民族遭遇在他的思想上烙上了深深的印记精神上苦闷、厌世。

这种民族文化心理牢牢嵌入到他的无意识中,并化入麦田里的守望者!中。

塞林格有其独特性,即不把目标投向犹太的教义,也不投向西方哲学,而是对东方哲学有浓厚的兴趣。

塞林格研究东方哲学,后来又研究耶稣主祷文。

他的哲学思想转变为本质先于存在,人生观也转向了唯心主义。

从此,作家笔下就开始描写现代人的精神苦闷和存在的痛苦,面对这些痛苦以逃避和超脱的方式来解决。

不仅是在作品中,作家生活中也是这样一种逃避的生活态度。

成名后塞林格退隐到新罕布什尔州乡间,在河边小山附近买下土地,但只在山顶上筑一所小屋,周围种上许多树木,外面栏上六英尺半高的铁丝网,网上还装有报警器。

小说主人公霍尔顿的人生理想是想做一个又聋又哑的人遁迹世外,塞林格本人平时深居简出,不跟人交往,这也证明了他对这个社会的否定态度。

三、叛逆的霍尔顿塞林格军校毕业后,子承父业经商,可是两个月后就放弃了。

其后,塞林格开始了求学路,可先后进了三个学院都没毕业。

究其原因,美国学校是封闭式的管理,脱离现实,教材陈旧,个性压抑。

塞林格不愿调整自己适应学校的教育制度,所以他像霍尔顿一样孤独、焦虑、叛逆。

霍尔顿学习生活的潘西,像在他从前上过的学校一样。

他觉得自己在潘西被一群所谓的假模假式的伪君子包围着,认为这确实是个阴森可怖的学校,不管你从哪个角度看它,对于霍尔顿来说是个地狱,而整个美国的教育制度要他做的就是读书,求学问,出人头地,以便将来可以买辆∀混账的凯迪拉克#。

同学之间总有一层隔膜,彼此不能诚心实意地往来,双方无法逾越他们之间的精神壁垒。

物质生活优越的霍尔顿,精神生活却是极度贫乏的,在人文关怀上是缺失的。

在霍尔顿心中,家长不关心他的精神生活,只是按照自己的意愿把他送到贵族学校,一旦有所违背,家长就会要了他的半条命。

当他再次被学校开除后,他不敢回家,也没人商量。

从某个角度上来说,亲人形同虚设,他成了精神上的孤儿。

文中描述霍尔顿呼唤妈妈,觉得一切都这样的黑,需要妈妈的手。

这一段描述发人深省,道出了他的孤寂和内心中对亲情的渴望。

小说中,有两个典型环境表现了霍尔顿的孤寂,潘西中学和纽约。

从潘西中学就开始精神流浪,到纽约也是一样的精神流浪,显示出了霍尔顿的极端孤寂。

所以有了小说开头的一幕:几乎全校的人都在球场上观看橄榄球赛,只有霍尔顿一个人离群索居,高高地站在山顶。

所有的这一切都表明了霍尔顿无法融入潘西中学所代表的主流社会。

小说的另一个情节是霍尔顿对鸭子过冬的关注,他一次次提及,有两次是他向出租汽车司机打听,还有一次是他喝醉后,半夜里独自一人乘车到中央公园,为了寻找野鸭,险些掉进湖里淹死,可见霍尔顿是多么向往并憧憬与大自然融为一体的生活,他唯一的心愿便是做一名麦田里的守望者。

麦田象征着霍尔顿精神的庇护所,是纯真和爱。

他想象中的守望者就是能防止自己跌入世俗世界。

对物质的追求取代了精神,单维度的物质发展,最终导致了人们精神的危机,人们开始对整个世界感到焦虑、困惑和绝望。

综上所述,麦田里的守望者!是当代美国文学中表现青年叛逆主题的作品之一。

本文从叛逆的时代、叛逆的作者和叛逆的霍尔顿形象分析,表达了作者反抗人性异化、渴望人性复归的美好愿望,展开了对于美国这个被物质异化了的∀非人#的社会的深刻批判和揭露。

[参考文献][1]塞林格.麦田里的守望者[M].南京:南京译林出版社,1999.[2]童庆炳.文学艺术与社会心理学[M].北京:北京高等教育出版社,1997.[3]杨任敬.20世纪美国文学史[M].青岛:青岛出版社,2000.[4]邓炎昌.现代美国社会与文化[M].北京:北京高等教育出版社,1988.[5]李斯编.垮掉的一代[M].海口:海口出版社,1996.[6]莫里斯%迪克斯坦.伊甸园之门[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996.[7]黄明哲.梦想与尘世:二十世纪美国文化[M].上海:东方出版社,1999.[8]郑克鲁.外国文学史(下)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.[责任编辑]何春雨Era Traitor Holden Image AnalysisJAO LinglingAbstract:Saling er by v irtue of∀T he Cat cher in the R ye#fame,and its main cha racter descr ibed by H o lden is a t raito r era.I n this paper,the er a of tr easo n,rebellio n and treason,autho r of the H olden imag e analy sis,described the hear t o f the times full of contradictio ns traitor H olden can no t co mmunicate wit h the people that f led the schoo l,family,so ciety,and ultimate ly to the spir it o f the co llapse of the course.Key words:Ho lden;age;traitor30。

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