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横向思维的十个经典案例例子

横向思维的十个经典案例例子

横向思维的十个经典案例例子所谓横向思维,是指突破问题的结构范围,从其他领域的事物、事实中得到启示而产生新设想的思维方式。

下面就是小编给大家带来的横向思维的十个经典案例例子,希望大家喜欢!横向思维的十个例子一1.游客有时会从帕台农神庙的古老立柱上砍下一些碎片,雅典当局对此非常关心,虽然这种行为是违法的,但是这些游客仍旧把它作为纪念品带走。

当局如何才能阻止这一行动呢?2. 在美国的一个城市里,地铁里的灯泡经常被偷。

窃贼常常拧下灯泡,这会导致安全问题。

接手此事的工程师不能改变灯泡的位置,也没多少预算供他使用,但他提出了一个非常好的横向解决方案,是什么方案呢?3. 在一个小镇里有四家鞋店,它们销售同样型号、同一系列的鞋子,然而,其中一家鞋店丢失的鞋子是其他三家平均每家的3倍,为什么会出现这种情况,又如何解决这个问题呢?4.加利福尼亚州的阿尔托斯市政府被森林大火所困扰,他们想清除城镇周围山坡上的灌木丛,但如果用螺旋桨飞机来操作,反而极易引起火花,导致火灾,他们该怎么办?5. 一个人以一打5美元的价格购进椰子,然后以一打3美元的价格售出,凭借这种做法他成了百万富翁。

这到底是怎么回事?6. 一位年轻的股票经纪人即将开始经营他自己的业务,但是他没有客户。

他如何使一些富有的人相信他能够准确地预计股票价格走势呢?7. 许多商店把价格定得略微低于一个整数,9. 99美元而不是10美元,或者99. 95美元而不是100美元。

通常假设这样做会使顾客觉得价格看起来更低。

但是这并不是这种做法开始的原因,那么这种定价方式最初始的目的是什么呢?8. 在加利福尼亚淘金热期间,一位年轻的创业者怀着把帐篷卖给矿工的想法来到此地。

他认为,成千上万的人聚集在一起找金矿,那里肯定会有一个非常好的帐篷市场。

不幸的是,天气非常温暖,矿工们都是露天睡觉,没有多少人买他的帐篷。

他该怎么办呢?9. 一家位于纽约的商店叫做七只钟,然而在它的外面却挂着八只钟,这是为什么呢?10. 舒适航空公司是欧洲以低成本领先的航空公司。

论托尼-莫里森小说叙事艺术——关于《最蓝的眼睛》、《宠儿》和《苏拉》的一种解读

论托尼-莫里森小说叙事艺术——关于《最蓝的眼睛》、《宠儿》和《苏拉》的一种解读

苏州大学硕士学位论文论托尼?莫里森小说叙事艺术--关于《最蓝的眼睛》、《宠儿》和《苏拉》的一种解读姓名:***申请学位级别:硕士专业:英语语言文学指导教师:***201105摘要托尼·莫里森(1931一)是20世纪最为杰出的非裔美国女作家,因其卓越的创作才华于1993年获诺贝尔文学奖,是第一位也是唯一一位获此殊荣的美国黑人女性。

作为一名才华横溢的作家,莫里森是一位叙事艺术的大师。

在其创作的小说中,她总能成功地选择并运用最恰当的写作手法来服务小说的主题。

本论文选择莫里森的三部小说《最蓝的眼睛》、《宠儿》和《苏拉》来研究该作家如何运用不同的叙事技巧来深化小说的主题。

本论文分五章。

第一章简要介绍莫里森生平成就以及其三部作品,即《最蓝的眼睛》、《宠儿》和《苏拉》。

第二章主要分析莫里森在《最蓝的眼睛》中运用的多重叙述声音及人物故事对比等手法,说明小说家如何通过特定的叙事手法表明审美标准本应是多元的一少部分黑人内化白人标准是极其有害的。

第三章讨论莫里森在《宠儿》中运用的哥特式叙事以及内心独白等手法,说明小说如何运用这些手法揭示黑人在惨绝人寰的奴隶制下扭曲的心灵,并且指出只有当黑人相互袒露心灵才能治愈伤害。

第四章讨论小说《秀拉》中运用环形叙述和反讽等手法,说明小说家如何运用这些手法叙述一个叛逆的黑人女性成为黑人社区不可或缺的关键人物的故事。

最后一章为结论,对以上章节所讨论的写作手法进行总结,说明在莫里森自己的小说中总能通过将叙述手法与小说主题有机结合起来,使叙事艺术很好地服务于小说的主题。

关键词:托尼·莫罩森,《最蓝的眼睛》,《宠儿》,《苏拉》,叙事艺术。

叙事策略AbstractToniMorrison(1931-)isthemostprominentandsuccessfulAfricanAmericanwomanwriterofthe20thcentury.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1993forherexcellentachievementsinwriting,andhasremainedthefirstandonlyAfricanAmericanwomantowinthisaward.Asagiftedwfiter’Morrisonisamasterwiththeartofnarration.Inhernovels,sheunfailinglyemployswritingtechniquesthatbestservehermessage.Inthisthesis,Itakealookatthreeofhernovels,namely,TheBluesteye,BelovedandSula,andexaminethewayinwhichMorrisonUSeSdifferentnarrativedevicestofacilitatethecommunicationofherthemes.Thisthesisisdividedintofivechapters.ChapterOneistheintroduction,whichincludesabriefsurveyofToniMorrison’Swritingcareerandherthreebooks,TheBluesteye,SulaandBeloved.ChapterTwoanalyzestwonarrativetechniquesusedinTheBluesteye.Theyaretheuseofmultiplenarrativeperspectivesandthepresentationofcontrastinglifestoriesinthenovel.Byemployingthesetwonarrativetechniques,Morrisonindicatesthestandardofbeautyshouldbedifferentindifferentpeople’Seyes.Itisharmfulforblackpeopletointernalizewhitebeautyastheonlystandard.ChapterThreediscussesthetwonarrativetechniquesinBeloved.ByemployingtheGothicmodeofnarrationandtheinteriormonologue,Morrisonshowsreadersthedistortedpersonalityandtraumatizedheartsofblackpeoplebroughtbyslavery.AndMorrisonalsoindicatesthatonlywhenblackpeopleopentheirheartstoeachotherCantheyfindtrueloveandhavetheirspirit"saved.ChapterFourgivesasurveyofthenarrativetechniquesexploitedinSula,whicharecenteredaroundtheuseofcircularstructureandirony.Byemployingthesetwonarrativetechniques,MorrisonshowsUSthatarebelliousblackwomancanbesupportivetohercommunityatthemostimpossibletimes.Throughirony,Morrisonalsoreinforcesthethemeofthenovel,whichis:appearancescallbedeceptive.ThelastchapteristheconclusioninwhichIcontendMorrisonisanarrativeartistwhosenovelsstandconsistentlyasacombinationofnarrativetechniquesandthematiccontents.AndIbelievethatthisresearchwillhelpnotonlytodeepenourunderstandingandappreciationofMorrison’Sfiction,butalsotosuggestanewwayofstudyinghernovels.Words:TolliMorrison,TheBluesteye,Beloved,Sula,artofnarration,narrativeKeystratigiesAcknowledgementsItisimpossibleformetocompletemystudyasanMAcandidateatSoochowUniversitywithoutthehelpofmanypeople.WangLabao,isthemostimportantAmongthosepeople,mysupervisor,Professorone.Hisconstantencouragementhasnourishedmeinmystudy.Hisinstructionandeachstageofthewritingprocesshavehonedmyresearchskills·Asastrictguidanceatmentoranddevotedscholar,hehassetagoodexampleformeandtaughtmethingsnotlimitedtoliteratureonly.1wishtoextendmysincerethankstohimforallthathehasdoneforme.MygratitudealsogoestOProfessorZhuXinfu,ProfessorXuQinggenandProfessormewithaclearandsystematicHongQingfuwhohavehelpedbyequippingitistostudyEnglishandAmericanliterature.PreciousadviceunderstandingofwhatfromProfessorZhuXingfuinparticularhasbenefitedmeimmeasurably.AndIammesomuchgratefultoProfessorSongYanfangwhosethought-provokinglecturestaughtaboutliterarytheory.Thewritingprocesswouldbemorechallenginghaditnotbeenfortheunfailingfrommygoodfriends.AndIalsowishtothankmyfamilyforunderstandingandsupporttheirunswervingconfidenceinmeandunconditionallove.ChapterOneIntroductionChloeAnthonyWofford,laterknownasToniMorrison,wasborninLorain,Ohio,onFebruary18,1931.Shewasthedaughterofashipyardwelderandareligiouswomanwhosanginthechurchchok.MorrisonhadasisterLoisandtwoyoungerbrothers,GeorgeandRaymond.HerparentshadmovedtoOhiofromtheSouth,hopingtoraisetheirchildreninallenvironmentfriendliertoblacks.DespitethemovetotheNorth,theWoffordhouseholdwassteepedintheoraltraditionsofSouthernAfricanAmericanandstoriesofChloeWofford’Schildhoodundoubtedlycommunities.Thesongsinfluencedherlaterwork;indeed,ToniMorrison’SoeuvredrawsheavilyupontheoralartformsofAfricanAmericans.AlthoughToniMorrison’Swritingisnotautobiographical,shefondlyalludestoherpast,”Mybeginningsarealwaysthere…Nomatterwhat1write,Ibeginthere….It’Sthematrixforme….Ohioalsooffersanescapefromstereotypedblacksettings.Itisneitherplantationnorghetto."(Watkins,1994:20)ToniMorrison’Swritingwasalsogreatlyinfluencedbyherfamily.HergrandparentshadrelocatedtoOhioduringthenationalmovementofblacksoutoftheSouthknownastheGreatMigration.Hermother’Sparents,AredeliaandJohnSolomonWillis,afterleavingtheirfarminAlabama,movedtoKentucky,andthentoOhio.Theyplacedextremevalueintheeducationoftheirchildrenandthemselves.JohnWillismughthimselftoreadandhisstoriesbecameinspirationforMorrison’S跖愕ofSoloman(1977).ChloeWoffordwasanextremelygiftedstudent,learningtoreadatallearlyageanddoingwellatherstudiesatanintegratedsch001.Morrison,whoattendedHawthorneElementarySchool,wastheonlyAfricanAmericaninher1stgradeclassroom.Shewasalsotheonlystudentwhobeganschoolwiththeabilitytoread.BecauseshewasSOaskedtohelpotherstudentslearntoread.Shefrequentlyworkedskilled,shewasoftenwiththechildrenofnewimmigrantstoAmerica.1ChloeWofford’Sparents’desiretOprotecttheirchildfromtheracistenvironmentoftheSouthsucceededinmanyrespects:racialprejudicewaslessofaprobleminLorain,Ohio,thanitwouldhavebeenintheSouth,andChloeWoffordplayedwitharaciallydiversegroupoffriendswhenshewasyoung.Inevitably,however,shebegantoexperienceracialdiscriminationassheandherpeersgrewolder.Shegraduatedwithhonorsin1949andwenttoHowardUniversityinWashingtonD.C.AtHoward,shemajoredinEnglishandminoredinclassics,andwasactivelyinvolvedintheaterartsthroughtheHowardUniversityPlayers.ShegraduatedfromHowardin1953withaB.A.inEnglishandanewname:ToniWofford(Tonibeingashortenedversionofhermiddlename).ShewentontoreceiveherM.A.inEnglishfromCornellin1955.AfterteachingforsometimeatTexasSouthernUniversity,shereturnedtoHowardUniversityandmetHaroldMorrison.Theymarried,andbeforetheirdivorcein1964,ToniandHaroldMorrisonhadtwosoils.Itwasalsoduringthistimethatshewrotetheshortstorythatwouldbek:omethebasisforherfirstnovel,TheBluesteye.In1964,shetookajobinSyracuse,NewYork,asanassociateeditoratRandomHouse.Theresheraisedhersonsasasinglemom,andcontinuedtOwritefiction.In1967,shereceivedapromotiontosenioreditorandgotamuch-desiredtransfertONewYorkCity.TheBluestEyewaspublishedin1970.Thestoryofayounggirlwholoseshermind,thenovelwaswellreceivedbycriticsbutfailedcommercially.Between1971and1972,MorrisonworkedasaprofessorofEnglishfortheStateUniversityofNewYorkatPurchasewhileholdingherjobatRandomHouseandworkingonSula,anovelaboutadefiantwomanandherrelationswithotherblackfemales.Sulawaspublishedin1973.Theyears1976and1977sawMorrisonworkingasavisitinglectureratYaleandworkingonhernextnovel,SongofSolomon.Thisnextnoveldealtmorefullywithblackmalecharacters.AswithSula,Morrisonwrotethenovelwhileholdingateachingposition,continuingherworkasaneditorforRandomHouse,andraisinghertwosons.SongofSolomonwaspublishedin1977andenjoyedbothcommercialandcritic,.al。

(九年级资料)新目标九年英语单元测试Unit3B卷(附答案)

(九年级资料)新目标九年英语单元测试Unit3B卷(附答案)

Unit 3(B卷)听力局部Ⅰ.听单词,从每组中选出你所听到的单词〔5分〕1.A.silly B.happy C.sit D.seal()答案:A听力原文:silly2.A.primary B.perform C.personal D.proud()答案:C听力原文:personal3.A.normal B.animation C.natural D.notebook() 答案:B听力原文:animation4.A.flash B.freedom C.flashcard D.frustrate() 答案:B听力原文:freedom5.A.chat B.chair C.cheer D.chatline() 答案:D听力原文:chatlineⅡ.听句子,根据其内容,选择正确的答语〔5分〕6.A.Happy New Year! B.Happy Teachers’Day!()C.Merry Christmas!D.Congratulations!答案:C听力原文:Merry Christmas!7.A.It leaves at seven. B.Please come this way.()C.You have to stop on the way.D.Please go to Gate 12.答案:D听力原文:Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?8.A.Not at all. B.No,thanks.C.Really?D.Certainly.〔〕答案:A听力原文:I’m sorry to trouble you,Mr Zhang.9.A.Sorry,I don’t have one. B.OK.Thanks a lot.()C.Certainly.But I don’t have one.D.Not at all.答案:A听力原文:Can I borrow your ruler?10.A.Look! It’’s about four.()C.Oh,it’s June 2.D.Well,it’s Sunday today.答案:B’s the time?Ⅲ.听短文,根据其内容判断正〔T〕误〔F〕〔10分〕11.The Frenchman worked in England.()答案:F12.Every day the Frenchman did some reading after he went to school.()答案:F13.Every morning his friend hung his cage on a tree or on his window.()答案:T14.One day the cage fell off the Frenchman’s hand.()答案:F15.The Frenchman wanted to look at what was happening.()答案:T听力原文:A Frenchman came to England to study English.He lived at his English friend’s home.Every morning he often did some reading by the window before he went to school.His friend had a bird.Every morning his friend hung his cage on a tree in his garden or on his window upstairs.One morning when his friend took out his birdcage and tried to hung it on the window upstairs,the cage suddenly slipped out of his hand.So he shouted,“Look out!〞As soon as he heard the shout,the Frenchman put his head out of the window and tried to look at what was happening,just in time for the cage to hit him on the head.笔试局部Ⅰ.词汇〔10分〕A.根据上下文意思填空,每空一词〔5分〕’m_________ that I’ll fail the exam.答案:worried17.Peter_________ allowed to have part-time jobs,because he is a middle school student.答案:isn’t18.Only then will I have a chance to _________ my dream.答案:achieve19.Some students should be allowed to have Friday afternoons_________ to volunteer and help _________.答案:off;othersB.根据释义,写出单词〔5分〕20._________ usual or regular答案:normal21._________ way of life答案:lifestyle22._________ period of being young答案:youth23._________ earliest in time答案:primary24._________ demanding exact obey答案:strictⅡ.单项选择〔10分〕25.One day we got to_________about the rules in school.()答案:A get to doing sth. 开始或着手做某事。

初一英语趣味阅读100篇

初一英语趣味阅读100篇

初一英语趣味阅读1)It’s Sunday. There are many people in the bus. And an old man is looking here and there. He wants to find an empty seat. Then he finds one. He goes to it. A small bag is on the seat. And a young man is sitting beside it.“Is this seat empty?”asks the old man.“No, it’s for a woman. She goes to buy some bananas.”Says the young man.“Well,”says the old man, “Let me sit here please. When she comes back, Iwill leave here.”The bus starts.“She doesn’t come, but her bag is here. Let me give her the bag.”Then the old man throws the bag out of the bus window.The young man jumps up and shouts, “Don’t throw! It’s my bag!”( )1. The old man wants to find an empty seat _____.A. in the roomB. in the busC. beside the driverD. in a car( )2. The old man finds an empty seat. He goes there and finds there is ____ on it.A. a manB. womanC. a bagD. a coat( )3. The young man says the seat is for ________.A. a manB. a womanC. a boyD. a girl( )4. The bus starts. The old man ______.A. asks the woman to sit on the seatB. takes the bag to the womanC. throws the bag to the young manD. throws the bag out of the window( )5. The bag is ________. The young man doesn’t want the old man to throw it away.A. the wo man’sB. the old man’sC. the driver’sD. the young man’s参考答案:1-5BCBDD2)It is in autumn. A young man comes to a forest. He’s walking beside the forest. On his right is a river. On his left is the forest. Suddenly he sees two green eyes looking at him from the trees. A tiger is getting ready to jump on him.What does he do? He must jump into the river. But in the river there is a big crocodile . Its mouth is very big. The young man closes his eyes. The tiger jumps over him. And the young man opens his eyes. The tiger jumps over him. And the young man opens his eyes. The tiger is now in the mouth of the crocodile.那是一年秋天。

创造性思维名词解释

创造性思维名词解释

创造性思维名词解释创造性思维是一个至今众说纷坛、尚未获得公认定义的概念。

有人认为,创造性思维是与创造活动联系在一起的,具有社会价值的新颖而独特的思维活动;有人认为,创造性思维是在解决问题时,具有主动性和独特性的一种思维活动;有人认为,创造性思维是反映事物本质属性和内、外在联系,具有新颖的广义模式的一种可以物化的思想心理活动,等等。

这说明,目前要对它作出一个科学的定义显然还有困难。

因此,这一节我们仅就对创造性思维的理解谈几点看法:1.创造性思维往往与缔造活动二者联系创造性思维总是在人产生了进行某种创造活动的动机和欲望之后发生的。

这里的问题是,究竟什么才算是创造活动?按照通常的理解,创造活动是提供新的、第一次创造的、具有社会意义的产品的活动。

我们认为,这是一种狭义的理解,它适用于对成人所从事活动的性质的区分。

因为照此理解,儿童以至青少年的活动便无创造性可言。

事实上,儿童青少年在其学习、游戏或劳动过程中也往往带有创造性,例如儿童摆弄积木,学生练习作文,便不能说一点没有创造性。

所以,对创造活动还应有相对的、广义的理解,即对儿童青少年来说,虽然他们所从事的活动一般还不会提供具有社会意义的产品,但是这种活动只要对其自身的认识和发展而言含有某种新颖性、独特性,即能表现出一定的个人价值,便可以看作是具有相对意义的创造活动。

必须说明的一点是,我们说创造性思维往往与创造活动相联系,但这并不是说创造活动中的思维就完全是创造性思维。

创造活动当然离不开创造性思维,或者主要是运用创造性思维,但同时也离不开再现性思维。

2.创造性思维的注重特征就是它的独创性我们讲创造性思维,强调的是思维过程;而讲思维的独创性,强调的则是个体差异的智力品质。

但无论强调思维过程,还是强调思维品质,共同的一点都是强调“创造”的特征。

因此,在思维教育中,一派人认为既然提倡思维的重要性,那就没必要再过多地学习知识了;另一派人认为思维训练主要是思维方法的学习和思维技能的训练,与知识的关系不大。

中等职业学校英语(二)期中英语试题

中等职业学校英语(二)期中英语试题

中等职业学校英语(⼆)期中英语试题中等职业学校英语(⼆)期中英语试题Ⅰ.Translate the following words into Chinese or English. (将下列词翻译成英语或汉语)10points1. skate2. ski3. Rock music4.band5.creative6.故意略去;跳过7.⾯试8. 教练9.博客10.⾃信的Ⅱ.Complete the sen tence with“ for” and “since”(⽤“ for”和“since”完成下列句⼦) 20 points1.Jane has been in American_____last weekend. Jane has been in American ____a week.2. My brother hasn't eaten any food____24 hours.My brother hasn't eaten any food ____yesterday.3. I have learned English ____ last July.I have learned English _____six months.4. My parents haven't phoned me___Saturday.My parents haven't phoned me ____two days.5. This term hasn't won ______last year.This term hasn't won ______a year.Ⅲ.Circle the word that does not fit in each group.(圈出每组单词中与其他三个不同的单词)20points.1.beautiful safe comfortable terrible2. assistant outgoing cashier teacher3. bus taxi ferry car4.subway light rail train plane5. change improve develop visitⅣ.Complete the conversations.(完成下列对话)10points.1.A:Were yours parents at home last weekend?B:No,they ___.They went to a party.2.A:Did your mom go to the market yesterday?B:Yes,she___.She bought lots of apple.3.A:Did you have breakfast this morning?B:Yes,I___.I had bread and milk.4.A:Did your dad watch TV yesterday evening?B:No,he___.He went to the cinema.5.A:Was your sister late for school yesterdaymorning?B:Yes,she___.She got up too late.Ⅴ.You will read 5 sentences about a student from Beijing V ocational School. Please choose the best word (A, B or C) to make them complete.(你将读到关于北京职业中学的⼀名学⽣的信息,选择正确的词完成句⼦)10 points.1. Mike is _______________. He likes to talk with everyone.A. outgoingB. hardworkingC. creative2. He does not like to stay at home during the holiday. He thinks it is _______.A. typicalB. movingC. boring3. He often travels, but never takes the plane. He thinks it is ___________.A. comfortableB. dangerousC. effective4. He eats too much sweet food. ___________ he is now very fat.A. That’s becauseB. That’s whyC. That’s how5. He decided to ______ a club to lose weight.A. joinB. openC. visitⅥ.Use the correct forms of the words and phrases given to complete the dialogue.(⽤所给单词和短语的正确形式完成对话)10points.A: How long have you been in Hong Kong?B: I have been here for a week.A: Have you visited Disneyland?B: Yes. Disneyland was an_____place.But I went there by taxi in the ____hour and the _______wasterrible.The taxi just couldn't move.A: I see.The transportation in Hong Kong really needs to ______.How long did it take to get there?B: Well, it took me two hours. And it was very expensive.A: Try the subway next time.It is very fast and _____ B: Great idea.Thank you.Ⅶ.Reading(阅读)20pointsAThousands of years ago. There was a very clever king with the name of Soloman. There are many stories about him. Here is one of them which show how clever he was. Once there were two women. They lived in the same house, and each had a baby. One night, one of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman's child, and put it in her own bed instead. The next morning they had a quarrel. "No, this is my child, the dead one is yours,” said the other. Each one wanted theliving baby, but no one could tell whom it belonged to. So they went to see King Solomon. When King Solomon heard their story, he said, "Bring me a knife, cut the child in two, and give each woman one half.”"That's very fair, oh, bright King!" said the dead baby's mother. "Give her my child, let it be hers, but don't kill the child. Oh, King!" cried the other woman in tears. Then King Solomon pointed to the woman in tears and said, "Give the child to her, for she is its mother.”Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) according to the above passage. (根据短⽂内容, 选择正确答案)10points.根据短⽂内容, 判断正(T)误(F)(10分)1. The two women in the same house each had a child. ( )2. One night the two babies died. ( )3. The two women quarreled because Solomon killed their babies. ( )4. Solomon came to see the mothers after their babies died. ( )5. King Solomon cut the living child in two and gave each woman one half. ( )BA young officer was at a railway station. On his way home, he wanted to telephone his mother to tell her the time of his train, so that she could meet him at the station in her car. He looked in all his pockets, but found that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went outside and looked around for someone to help him.At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, "Have you got change for ten pence?""Wait a moment, " the old soldier answered, beginning to put his hand in his pocket, "I'll see whether I can help you. " "Don't you know how to speak to an officer?" the young man said angrily. "Now let's start again. Have you got change for ten pence?""No, sir, " the old soldier answered quickly. Correct the right answers according to the above passage.(根据短⽂内容, 选择正确答案)10points. 1. The young officer wanted to telephone his mother to tell her _________. ( )A. that he was going to visit herB. when his train would leaveC. when his train would arriveD. that he was now at the railway station2. He looked around for help because he _________. ( )A. didn't have coins for the phone callB. had no money to make the phone callC. didn't have the local moneyD. wanted to change money3. The old soldier _________. ( )A. was glad to help himB. didn't know if he had coinsC. didn't want to help himD. was angry4 The young officer was angry because he thought the old soldier _________. ( )A. didn't know how to speak to himB. didn't want to help himC. didn't answer him correctlyD. was not friendly to him5. The old soldier in the story was_________. ( )A. cleverB. stupidC. politeD. friendly。

高级口译课笔记

高级口译课笔记

AmE: attorney Direct examination 正方问询
Cross examination 反方盘问
Witness Pledge, testimony, perjury 假证
三.文化篇
1.Baby boomer 婴儿潮
Time: 1946---1964 post world war 2
口译篇 Public speech skills 1. organize logically
introduction
welcome remarks honorable judges, fellow contestants attention gather (提问式,特例式,故事式,引言式,幽默式) thesis statement
osamania 对本拉登狂热的女性
词组
a.长句 抓主干 b.特殊结构 eat… out 打击…一下 It is a long lane that has no turning. It is a fool bird that has no wing. 二 文章结构
再长的巷也有转弯。 再傻的鸟也有翅膀。
a. 快速浏览题干;不读选项
b. 略读文章框架
b.细节题多时,直接在原文找
c. 边读边做细节题
d. 补充二次阅读 做完细节题
e. 适当放弃,如主题题,排除题,根据时间最后做
二 经济类专题
大公司的经济实践,尤其是负面报道
1 标志词
a. 强转折词 but, nevertheless
b. Dash
‘——’ 并列 parallel 或 补充,概括讲述
Culture:
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ60s Hippies

关于杀软的认识

关于杀软的认识

免费有好杀软的,不用算了。

我在卡饭论坛上泡了一阵,自视对杀软有点了解,按我的经验,杀软并不万能,不可能查出所有的毒。

杀软更不会有最好。

还是安全意识和电脑知识最重要,而且要安全应该杀软、防火墙、HIPS(新手可用智能hips)、沙盒一起装。

(有点多。

其实安全习惯好的话不用这么多的,太累。

)另外其实hips比杀软管用,还省资源。

当然也有毒能过他。

另外,也可以试试虚拟机、硬盘还原卡、影子系统之类的,不过也有毒能穿过他们的,所以安全软件还是必须的。

还有,想了解杀软请去专业杀软论坛(推荐卡饭论坛),网上很多文章要么是错的、要么是枪文、要么已过时。

(比如5大引擎的那篇误导人的文章,杀毒引擎是杀软的核心,所以很多杀软都是自己的引擎!而且很多引擎都很好!),网上的杀软评测、排名也别信。

哪怕是VB、AV-c、AV-test这些权威机构的评测也只是实验室中的东西,只是参考而已,而且他们的测试方法也不是没问题。

而且基本每次测试结果排名都不一样的。

那个toptenreview更不成,只是性价比排名而已(就是说bitdefander第一那个)。

所以说,杀软根本没排名!!杀软一般人都喜欢高侦测率的(其实很无聊),目前有6个:1、卡巴(俄罗斯杀软):卡巴就不用多说了,超强,以前的侦测率超级的高,独孤求败!现在因为针对他的免杀多了所以侦测率比以前低了。

卡巴斯基博士和soloman博士对早期杀软有重大贡献。

他们做的那2个杀毒引擎备受好评。

卡巴的引擎被很多杀软使用,soloman曾是欧洲最大的杀软公司,后被麦咖啡收购,现在麦咖啡就是用soloman的引擎。

回来说卡巴,kis(卡巴的那个互联网安全套装)有杀软、防火墙、hips、沙盒等,而且都很棒,很难得!立体防御非常棒!因为有hips,所以免杀虽多也不用太怕。

但新版2010资源占用较大,虽然其实有几个旧版本挺小的。

因为免杀多导致侦测率只能在这6个中排老末。

不过这么多免杀还能保持高水准也不易了。

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Soloman & Felder 学习风格量表------所罗门学习风格问卷
1. 以下何种方法比较能够使我理解一件事物(a) 实际操作(b) 思考
2. 我比较希望别人认为我是(a) 实际的(b) 创新的
3. 当我想到昨天做过的事情,我最有可能(a) 想起一幅完整的画面(b) 用语言或文字来表述
4. 我倾向于(a) 理解事物的某些细节,但对于整体结构却不十分清楚(b) 理解事物的整体结构,但对具体细节却不十分清楚
5. 何种方法比较能够帮助我学习一件新的事物(a) 谈论(b) 思考
6. 假若我是老师,我会比较倾向讲授何种课程(a) 有关事实及实际生活的课程(b) 有关观念及理论的课程
7. 我比较偏好藉由下列何种形式获得新的信息(a) 相片、图表、示意图或者地图(b) 书面指示或语言讯息
8. 一旦我理解了(a) 各个部分,我就能够理解一件事情的整体(b) 整体事物,我就会理解各个局部的关连特性
9. 在小组学习中,面对一个比较困难的问题时,我比较有可能(a) 积极投入其中并提出自己的想法(b) 坐在旁边听其他小组成员的意见
10. 我认为下列何者较容易学习(a) 事实性的内容(b) 概念性的内容
11. 在有很多图表的书中,我可能会(a) 把所有图表仔细的看过(b) 更专注于其中的文字说明
12. 当我在求解数学问题时(a) 我通常会一步步的解题,直到最后得到答案
(b) 我通常会先想到答案,之后才努力想办法找出解题的步骤
13. 在我修的课堂中,我通常(a) 会去认识大部分同学(b) 不太认识其他同学
14. 当我在阅读「非小说」的读物时,我偏好的是(a) 能告诉我事实和如何实际操作的读物
(b) 能提供我新的想法去思考的读物
15. 我喜欢的老师是(a) 会利用很多图表讲课的老师(b) 会花很多时间在解说上的老师
16. 当我分析一个故事或小说时(a) 我会先想到书中的各个情节,之后再试着整理出整个故事的主题(b) 在读完之后,我就知道故事的主题,然后再倒回去找出体现主题的情节
17. 当我面对作业中的问题时,我通常会(a) 立刻开始尝试去解答(b) 先尝试完全理解问题
18. 我比较喜欢的想法是(a) 确定性的(b) 理论性的
19. 我最能够记住的是(a) 我看到过的(b) 我听到过的
20. 对我来说比较重要的是,教师能(a) 以一连串清楚的步骤呈现课程材料
(b) 能给我总体性的概念并与其他主题相关联
21. 我比较喜欢这样的读书方式(a) 在一个学习小组中(b) 独自一人
22. 我比较有可能被认为是(a) 对于工作细节很仔细关注(b) 对于如何工作具有创造力
23. 当我到了一个陌生的地方时,会希望拿到的指南是(a) 一本地图(b) 一本说明书
24. (a) 我总是以非常规律的步调学习,经过努力学习之后,最后一定能学会(b) 我总是断断续续的学习,学习过程中我会有疑惑,但最后我可以顿悟到学习的内容
25. 我做事情较喜欢(a) 直接尝试付诸行动(b) 先仔细思考该怎么做
26. 当我纯粹为了娱乐而阅读时,我偏好作者(a) 清楚明白地说明他想表达的内容
(b) 用具有创意、有趣的方式说出某些事物
27. 当我看过课堂中的图表或草图之后,我比较有可能会记住(a) 这幅图(b) 教师的解释
28. 当考虑很多关联信息时,我可能会(a) 专注在细节上,而不太在意整体(b) 先尝试理解整体构架再了解细节
29. 我比较容易记得(a) 我曾经做过的事情(b) 我曾经深入思考过的事情
30. 当我必须去执行某件工作时,我偏好(a) 精通一种执行工作的方法(b) 想出更多新的执行工作的方法
31. 当别人给我看数据时,我所偏好的形式是(a) 表格和图片(b) 以文字总结的成果
32. 当我写作一篇文章时,比较倾向于(a) 从起始写到结尾,以直线方式思考或撰写
(b) 思考或撰写各个不同的段落,再将这些段落统整为一篇文章
33. 当我必须以小组进行项目工作时,我首先想要
(a) 先进行小组的群体脑力激荡,让每个组员贡献他们的意见
(b) 让每个组员各自进行思考,再集合起来比较各种想法或意见
4. 我认为赞美某人以下何者,对某人有比较高的评价(a) 有判断力(b) 富有想象力
35. 在聚会中碰到很多人,我可能会记住得(a) 他们的长相(b) 他们介绍自己的话
36. 当我在学习一个新的主题时,我倾向于(a) 专注在这个主题,并尽可能地去学习它(b) 尝试寻找与该主题和其他相关主题的关联
37. 我比较有可能被认为是(a) 外向的人(b) 内向的人
38. 我较喜欢具有下列何种教材内容的课程(a) 具体的(事实、数据) (b) 抽象的(观念、理论)
39. 就娱乐而言,我较喜欢(a) 看电视(b) 看书
40. 某些老师会在课程的一开始就列出课程内容的大纲,我认为这些大纲
(a) 对我有一点帮助(b) 对我非常有帮助
41. 对于分组做作业并且每个小组成员拿到同一分数的方式(a) 十分吸引我(b) 并不吸引我
42. 当在做一个冗长的计算时(a) 我会一再地重复所有步骤并仔细地检查
(b) 我发觉检查的工作是非常累人的,我必须强迫自己去做
43. 我使用绘图方式描绘我去过的地方时(a) 轻易且正确无误(b) 有些困难而细节也不清楚
44. 当我在小组工作中解决问题时,我比较有可能会(a) 思考如何去解决问题的步骤
(b) 从比较广的范围去思考可能的结果或应用。

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