被动语态、短语动词
被动语态
We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon.
2. 不用于被动语态的动词
有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want (缺乏)。
An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。
One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。
三、被动语态的用法：
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
The old bridge was built many years ago. 这座古桥是许多年前建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、强调动作的承受者。
动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.
五、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
1）现代英语特别是口语中常用“get + 过去分词”表示被动语态。
被动语态的几种特殊用法
被动语态的几种特殊用法一、短语动词（“动词＋介词 / 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如： look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。
例如：1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。
The baby is looked after carefully.2. The doctor operated on him at once. 医生立刻给他动了手术。
He was operated on at once.二、感官动词（ see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（ let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上 to 。
因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
例如：3. I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见那个男孩在街上玩。
The boy was seen to play in the street.4. She made me stand for 45 minutes. 她让我站了 45 分钟。
I was made to stand for 45 minutes.三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加 to ，但当谓语动词为 make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加 for 。
例如：5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。
一般现在时的被动语态知识点
一般现在时的被动语态知识点一、一般现在时被动语态的构成。
1. 肯定句。
- 结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。
- 例如：- The book is written by him.（这本书是他写的。
）其中，the book是主语，is written是一般现在时的被动语态结构，write的过去分词是written，by him表示动作的执行者。
- I am often asked to help others.（我经常被要求去帮助别人。
）这里，I 是主语，am asked是被动语态结构，ask的过去分词是asked。
- They are given a lot of homework every day.（他们每天被布置很多家庭作业。
）they是主语，are given是被动语态结构，give的过去分词是given。
2. 否定句。
- 结构为“am/is/are + not+过去分词”。
- 例如：- The window isn't broken by the boy.（窗户不是那个男孩打破的。
）- I am not told the news.（我没有被告知这个消息。
）- They are not allowed to go out at night.（他们不被允许在晚上出去。
）3. 一般疑问句。
- 结构为“Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+（by...）?”- 例如：- Is the letter sent by her?（这封信是她寄的吗？）- Are you often invited to the party?（你经常被邀请参加聚会吗？）- Am I given a chance?（我被给予一个机会吗？）4. 特殊疑问句。
- 结构为“特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+（by...）?”- 例如：- What is made in this factory?（这个工厂生产什么？）- Who are you taught by?（谁教你们？）- How is the work done?（这项工作是如何完成的？）二、一般现在时被动语态的用法。
被动语态
②主动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补 语的）不定式前需加to。 The boss made him work all day long. He was made to work all day long(by the boss) ③短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。 The children were taken good care of (by her). Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to. ④情态动词和be going to、be to、be sure to、used to、 have to、had better等结构变被动语态，只需将它们 后面的动词原形变为be +过去分词。 The goods are to be sold by the gross.
S+ have/has + been+过去分词
7．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night． My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时：
S+ was/were+being+过去分词
（5）被动语态与系表结构的区别
被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。 如： The book was sold by a certain bookstore.(被动语态) The book is well sold. (系表结构)
再 见
过去将来时
would ,should do/ was, were going to do/ was, were to do
被动语态
1. This pair of shoes _______ (feel) very comfortable. 2. The food ______ (smell) delicious. 3.Some leaves _____ (remain) there for some time. 4.Look, so many people are running out of the station. I wonder what_______. A.is happened B. was happening C.had happened
(变被动语态）
1.People use knives for cutting things. 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things. 2.I found the ticket on the floor.
Tea ________(bring) to western countries in the 19th century. I believe that my dream _________ (achieve) in the future.
1.Please say “I'm here” when your name _______(call). 2.Your room should ________ (clean) right away. 3.Children should ________(educate) to be honest from a young age. 4.A new library _____________ (build) next year. 5.Earth Day __________ (set) up in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet. 6.Everyone ______ deeply after they heard the story. A. moves B. moved C.is moved D. was moved 7. The meeting _____ because of the smog last week. A. put out B. was put out C. was put off
动词的被动语态
动词的被动语态各种时态的主动语态变被动语态：主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does 一般现在时be( is, am , are) done一般过去时did 一般过去时be(was , are ) done一般将来will do/be (is , am , are )going to do/ be(is, am , are) to do 一般将来will be done/ be(is, am , are) going tobe done/ be(is, am , are) to bedone现在进行时be (is ,am ,are) doing 现在进行时be (is ,am ,are) being done 过去进行时be (was, were) doing 过去进行时be(was, were) being done 将来进行时will be doing 将来进行时will be being done现在完成时have (has , have) done 现在完成时have (has , have) been done过去完成时have (had) done 过去完成时have( had) been done完成进行时has/ have been doing英语语法--动词的语态1动词的语态语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。
此类动词为感官动词。
feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watchThe teacher made me go out of the classroom.--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).We saw him play football on the playground.--> He was seen to play football on the playground.2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。
被动语态详解
【被动语态详解】一、巧记各种时态的被动语态被动语态基本形式： be + done一般现在时: am, is, are + done一般过去时: was, were + done一般将来时: will + be doneam, is, are going to + be done过去将来时：would + be donewas, were going to + be done现在进行时: am, is, are + being done过去进行时: was, were + being done现在完成时: have, has + been done过去完成时: had + been done不定式：to be done介词：如without being done情态动词：can,may,must,should be done【点拨】1.被动语态是在主语和谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时才使用的一种语态。
2.各种时态的被动语态都有一个明显的特点，既要体现出本时态，又要用上被动语态的基本形式be done。
现在进行时的被动语态构成是am, is, are + being done，可以这样理解：首先，它必须是现在进行时am, is, are + doing，同时它又必须是被动语态be done，所以be动词在现在进行时和被动语态之间起了一个衔接作用，即用being，这样being就把二者有机结合起来。
所以现在进行时的被动语态形式必须是也只能是am, is, are + being done。
同理可推出，现在完成时的被动语态形式应该是：既得是现在完成时have, has + done，又得是被动语态be done，所以be动词只有用过去分词been 才能把二者有机结合起来，即：have, has + been done。
其它时态的被动语态依此类推。
3.有些时态可以运用对比记忆法。
如现在进行时与过去进行时，一般将来时与过去将来时，现在完成时与过去完成时等只是在助动词上有所不同。
被动语态特殊词汇
被动语态特殊词汇1.使役动词have, make, let, 感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等在被动结构中要加–to用主动形式表被动1.当主语是“物”时，强调主语的特征：break , catch , clean , drive , lock , open , sell , read ,write , wash2.表示“发生，进行”的不及物动词和短语：take place , happen , last , break out , come out ,come about , come true , run out , give out , turn out3.表示“感受，感官”的连系动词：feel , sound , taste , look , smell4.need / want / require / bear +Ving 表被动=need / want / require / bear + to be done5.be worth doing = be worthy to be done表被动6.n+ to do 表被动；此时，do这个动作是主语的。
n+ to be done 表被动，此时done这个动作不是主语的。
7.It’s +adj + to do 表被动，adj包括：nice, easy, fit , hard , difficult , important ,impossible ,pleasant , interesting8.be +to do 表被动, do包括：blame , rent , let9.under+名词“某事在进行中”under control, under treatment , under repair , underdiscussion , under construction10.beyond+名词“超过…范围”，beyond belief , beyond one’s reach , beyond one’s control,beyond our hope11.f or+名词“适于…，为着…”for sale , for rent12.i n+名词“在…..”in print, in sight13.o n+名词“在从事….中”on sale , on show , on trialout of +名词“超出….之外”out of control, out of sight, out of one’s reach, out of fashion14.。
高中英语被动语态总结
高中英语被动语态总结各时态被动语态：1，一般现在时：am，is，are+动词过去分词例如：The ball is played ，every day 这个球每天被踢2，一般过去时：was，were+动词过去分词The ball was played ，yesterday 这个球昨天被踢3，一般将来时：will be +动词过去分词，be （am ，is，are）going to be +动词过分The ball will be played ，tomorrow 这个球明天将会被踢The ball is going to be played ，tomorrow 这个球明天将会被踢4，现在进行时：am，is，are +being +动词过去分词The ball is being played ,now 这个球正在被踢5，过去进行时：was，were，+being playedThe ball was being played at ten yesterday 这个球昨天晚上10点正在被踢6，现在完成时：have，has been +动词过去分词The ball has been played two hours 这个球已经被踢了两个小时7，过去完成时：had been +动词过去分词The ball had been played two hours ，by the time you got here 在你到达这里之前，这个球已经被踢了两个小时了。
8，将来完成时：will have been +动词过分The ball will have been played two days ，by ten tomorrow evening 到明天晚上10点之前，这个球已经被踢了两个小时了。
注意：1.不及物动词及不及物的动词短语不能用于被动语态。
2.某些感官动词或系动词可加形容词表示被动意义，如：look，taste，smell，feel等。
被动语态——语法
被动语态英语被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接by～，译为“被（由）……”。
1 被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+（by～）.否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+（by～）.一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard.Knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them.5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.The new road was being made.*过去将来时：should/would+及物动词的过去分词*过去将来完成时: should/would+have been +及物动词的过去分词7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.The tickets had been sold out berore I came to the cinema.8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have doneThey will have been married for 20 years by then.The project will have been completed before May.9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。