西安市临潼区鸿门宴博物馆英文简介
鸿门宴(历史典故)_百度百科
于是张良至至军⻔门⻅见樊哙(kuài）。樊哙曰曰：“今日日之事何如？”良曰曰：“甚急！今者项庄拔剑舞，其意常在沛公 也。”哙曰曰：“此迫矣！臣臣请入入，与之同命！”哙即带剑拥盾入入军⻔门。交戟之卫士士欲止止不内，樊哙侧其盾以撞，卫士士 仆地，哙遂入入，披帷⻄西向立立，瞋⺫目目视项⺩王，头发上指，⺫目目眦尽裂。项⺩王按剑而而跽曰曰：“客何为者？”张良曰曰：“沛公 之参乘（cān shèng）樊哙者也。”项⺩王曰曰：“壮士士！赐之卮酒！”则与斗斗卮酒。哙拜谢，起，立立而而饮之。项⺩王 曰曰：“赐之彘肩！”则与一一生生彘肩。樊哙覆其盾于地，加彘肩上，拔剑切而而啖之。项⺩王曰曰：“壮士士！能复饮乎？”樊 哙曰曰：“臣臣死且不避，卮酒安足足辞！夫秦⺩王有虎狼之心心，杀人人如不能举，刑人人如恐不胜，天下皆叛之。怀⺩王与诸 将约曰曰：‘先破秦入入咸阳者⺩王之。’今沛公先破秦入入咸阳，毫毛毛不敢有所近，封闭宫室，还军霸上，以待大大⺩王来。 故遣将守关者，备他盗出入入与非非常也。劳苦而而功高高如此，未有封侯之赏，而而听细说，欲诛有功之人人。此亡秦之续 耳耳，窃为大大⺩王不取也！”项⺩王未有以应，曰曰：“坐！”樊哙从良坐。坐须臾，沛公起如厕，因招樊哙出。 沛公已出，项⺩王使都尉陈平召沛公。沛公曰曰：“今者出，未辞也，为之奈何？”樊哙曰曰：“大大行行不顾细谨，大大礼 不辞小小让。如今人人方方为刀刀俎，我为⻥鱼肉肉，何辞为。”于是遂去。乃令张良留谢。良问曰曰：“大大⺩王来何操？”曰曰：“我 持白白璧一一双，欲献项⺩王，玉玉斗斗一一双，欲与亚父父。会其怒，不敢献。公为我献之。”张良曰曰：“谨诺。”当是时，项⺩王 军在鸿⻔门下，沛公军在霸上，相去四十十里里。沛公则置⻋车骑，脱身身独骑，与樊哙、夏侯婴、靳（jìn）强、纪信等四 人人持剑盾步走走，从郦山山下，道芷阳间行行。沛公谓张良曰曰：“从此道至至吾军，不过二二十十里里耳耳。度我至至军中，公乃 入入。”
西安博物院英文简介
Xi’an used to be the capital of 13 different dynasties for thousands of years, including Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties. And hence, it becomes an ancient capital city with the longest years of history and biggest times of being a capital city i n Chinese history.Xi’an, as the earliest international metropolis in China, also was the starting point of the famous “Silk Route”. Nowadays in Xi’an, there are 2 944 registered culture remains, of which 41 are national key culture protection units, 65 provincial key culture protection units. The various culture remains and relics take the vivid record of Xi’an’s splendid history, and make Xi’an a famous historic city around the world.Xi’an Museum, covering an area of 245 hectares, was officially opened to the p ublic in May 2007. This museum collectively reflects the long history of Xi’an city, integrating with the small Wild Goose Pagoda, the national key protection culture unit, the ancient building groups of Janfu Temple, and the modern culture relic exhibition hall. The harmony combination demonstrates the special features of this garden museum, the strong historic atmosphere in the modernity.In the Tang Dynasty, Jianfu Temple was a very famous royal temple, but destroyed in the war at the end of the Tang Dynasty. The existed Jianfu Temple was rebuilt in Ming and Qing dynasties. Except the small Wild Goose Pagoda, the culture remains of the Tang Dynasty, t he ancient building groups took after the layout of the region of Zhengtong of the Ming Dynasty (1436-1448 A.D.) The hall buildings are distributed along the middle axis from the main entrance gate to Small Wild Goose Pagoda, includin g Bell Drum Tower, Cishi Cabinet, the Grate Hall of the Buddha, mandapa, and Baiyi Cabinet. The small Wild Goose Pagoda was built in the region of Jinglong of the Tang Dynasty (707—710 A. D). It was originally called “Jianfu Pagoda”. The body of the pagoda was originally square shaped multi-eaved brick tower with 15 stories. After some times of earthquakes in the Ming Dynasty, the top of the pagoda, the 14th and 15th stories were destroyed, and the body experienced cracking and “healing”. People called that “the Magical Healing”. The existe d small Wild Goose Pagoda is 13-storeyed, with 43.4 meters in height and 11.38 meters in length of the bottom line, still retaining the appearance of that in the Tang Dynasty. In 1961, it was listed as the national key culture protection unit. The harmony co-existence between the small Wild Goose Pagoda, the ancient building groups of Jianfu Temp le, and the folk relics, like Chang’an anci ent music, horse racks, artistic exhibition made it possible for the tourists enjoy the culture relics and folk art in an extremely beautiful environment, where there are green trees, fragrant flowers and singing birds. It also opens a window for people’s better knowledge of Chinese traditional culture.The culture exhibition hall, as the main building of Xi’an Museum, was designed under the charge of Mrs. Zhang Jinqiu, the famous designer, academician of the Chinese Academy of Science, designer of Shaanxi History Museum. In the activity advocated by the news media of 2004, this building was selected as one of the ten symbol architecture of Xi’an in future. The museum covers the floor space of over 16 000 square meters, exhibition area of over 5 000 square meters. Out of the 130 000 pieces or sets of collected culture relics, 14 400 pieces or sets are cherished culture relics, exceeding national standard of third class. Almost 2 000 pieces or sets of relics are exhibited to the public for the first time. The extraordinarily splendid, various culture relics mark the different aspect of Chinese ancient history. The exhibition of Xi’an Museum consists of the basic exhibition, specific theme exhibition and temporary exhibition.Basic Exhibition is subject to the theme of “ancient capital Xi’an”, demonstrating the capital development history with various city models of Zhou, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties for over one thousand years. The different culture relics groups reflects people’s lives in the old times, Bronze Jar with Inscription “Yong”of Western Han Dynasty, white porcelain plate of Tang Dynasty, the gold mirror, Female Pottery Figures, Th r-colored riding horse, and silk routes related stone coffin, camel groups all are very rare and valued.Buddhist Statures of Chang’an City is mainly about stone Buddhism status, plus some gold or copper ones from Northern Wei Period to Yuan and Ming dynasties (4-17th A.D.). The status formed the special system and the w ell-selected gatherings collectively reflect the extremely prosperous of the Buddhism in Chang’an city. The gold glided copper status made by Dong Qin of the Song Dynasty, the stone gold bodhisattva, and the iron Buddhism of the Tang dynasty are very valued.Ancient Calligraphy Artistic Exhibition has the theme of “various styles of calligraphy, the great history”. There are around 100 pieces of calligraphy works out of almost 10 000 collected ones. “To visit a friend at the mountain in spr ing” by Sheng Mao of Yuan Dynasty, “Double eagles “ by Lin Liang of Ming Dynasty are the best ones.Jade Wares Exhibition’s theme is “the treasure of the cosmos”. Over 120 pieces or sets of jade wares are classified according to its different functionand usage. Highly crafted jade glass of Qin Dynasty, vivid jade pig of Han Dynasty, powerful jade head of Tang Dynasty all are very valued in appreciation.Seals Exhibition is themed with “little square, great world”. The differenttimes of seals are divided into different groups, including official seals, personal seals. There are 200 seals exhibited here. The clay seal of Qin Dynasty, over 200 official seals of Jin period unearthed at Drum Bell Tower site in one exploration both have evoked great national attention.The Temporary Exhibition Hall has ove r160 pieces or sets of wellchosen culture relics from the administered districts and counties u pon the opening of the exhibition. For the first time, these culture relics are exhibited to the public in the unit of each individual district or county, with the theme of “rare relics of ancient city”.The advanced technology adds the interest of exhibition and opens a time and space channel of history for tourists. Automatic Speech Guided Navigation System makes it possible for tourists to have an easy and enjoyable visit in Xi’an Museum. The beautiful garden scenes and well-designed night lighting system are very impressive and attractive.Walking in Xi’an museum, tourists can not only get better knowledge of Xi’an’s long history, as well as its significant development and youthful vigor!The night view of Xi’an MuseumThe garden of Xi’an MuseumBuddhism status Exhibition HallBasic Exhibition HallThe Iron Bell of Jin Period—“Morning Bell Chimes”, one of the E ight Famous Scenic Attractions in the central Shaanxi PlainSmall Wild Goose Pagoda—Multi-eaved brick tower of the Tang DynastyH orse racks。
秦始皇陵兵马俑博物馆英文介绍
秦始皇陵兵马俑博物馆英文介绍Title: The Museum of the Terracotta Army: A Window into Ancient China's Military MightThe Museum of the Terracotta Army, located in the Lintong District of Xi'an, China, stands as a testament to the incredible military achievements of the Qin Dynasty. This museum, also known as the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, houses thousands of life-sized terracotta soldiers, horses, and chariots, collectively known as the Terracotta Army. Each figure is meticulously crafted and reflects the craftsmanship and artistic prowess of ancient China.The Terracotta Army was discovered in 1974 by local farmers digging a well. What they unearthed astonished the world—an entire army crafted over two millennia ago, buried with the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. This discovery not only shed light on ancient Chinese burialpractices but also provided invaluable insights into the military strategies and techniques of the Qin Dynasty.The Terracotta Army is divided into three main pits, each containing different types of soldiers and formations. Pit 1, the largest and most impressive, houses the bulk of the infantry forces. It is estimated to contain over 6,000 soldiers, arranged in battle formation. The soldiers vary in height, uniform, and hairstyle, indicating a high level of detail and individuality in their creation. Archers, infantrymen, and charioteers stand ready for battle, their expressions frozen in time.Pit 2 contains a mix of infantry and cavalry units, including chariots and their drivers. The cavalry soldiers are equipped with bows and spears, indicating their role as mobile and versatile units on the battlefield. The chariots, intricately decorated and equipped with horses, showcase thetechnological advancements of the time and the importance of cavalry in ancient Chinese warfare.Pit 3 is smaller in size but no less significant. It contains high-ranking officers and commanders, as well as a command post believed to represent the headquarters of the army. The figures in Pit 3 are larger and more elaborately adorned, reflecting their status and importance within the military hierarchy.Each terracotta soldier is unique, with distinct facial features, hairstyles, and expressions. It is believed that the artisans responsible for creating the army modeled the figures after real soldiers, capturing the diversity and individuality of the ancient Chinese military.In addition to the terracotta army, the museum also houses a variety of artifacts, including weapons, armor, and bronze chariots. These artifacts provide further insight into the military technology and craftsmanship of the Qin Dynasty.The discovery of the Terracotta Army has sparked ongoing research and excavation efforts in the area, uncovering new insights into ancient Chinese history and culture. The museum continues to attract millions of visitors each year, serving as a reminder of the rich heritage and enduring legacy of ancient China's military might.。
陕西历史博物馆英文导游词导游词
陕西历史博物馆英文导游词导游词Shaanxi History Museum is a state-level large-scale modernization of the museum is a magnificent Tang-style building, covers an area of about 70,000 square meters, construction area of over 50,000 square meters. It brings together the culture of Shaanxi, shows the development of Chinese civilization, Shaanxi Province in China in view of the history of the status of the state to invest a total of 144,000,000 yuan for the construction of the Shaanxi Museum of History, in June 1991 pletion and opening.Flavor Architecture Museum, unique. It classical Chinese palace architecture and garden architecture closely together, coordinating colors, reflecting the traditional Chinese architectural style, at the same time with local characteristics and the spirit of the times.Museum of Shaanxi Province unearthed antiques 113,000 (Group) showroom area of 1100 square meters, at the prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the seven, the image display system from 115Million years ago until the year 1840, Shaanxi's history. In Chinese history, there have been 11 dynasties established their capitals in Shaanxi Province and will last for 1,000 years, is the capital of China's most Dynasty, the longest of the capital region, from a certain point, the ancient history of Shaanxi is China's history Enrichment.features: Museum of Shaanxi Province in ancient China into the palace courtyard with the architectural style in one, dignified and elegant, generous simplicity, the layout of coordination, the great momentum, reflecting the ethnic and local characteristics, the Library has central air-conditioning, lighting systems, multi-purpose use Computer management system and the central control system. Heritage and the Treasury have modern languages with simultaneous interpretation function Hall.Shaanxi Museum of History of the Tang Dynasty architectural style succession of powerful broad, dignified and elegant style, from traditional Chinese palace “axis of symmetry, the master-slave in an orderly manner, the central hall, Si Yu Chong-floor," the layout of the form and at the same time the use of modern advanced technology to China's Sheng Tang period classical architectural style with modern requirements of the museumfeatures bined into one, has managed to maintain the old style with modern features. The roof of the Tang Dynasty used the prevalence of gray green glazed tile, Wah Kwai appears to be a solemn, simple person, wall materials like asbestos tiles,Doors and windows are tinted using large pieces of glass and aluminum framework, the Library can be equipped with temperature and humidity control of the closed central air-conditioning system of multi-functional lighting systems, automatic fire alarm systems, puter-controlled management system; heritage with science and technology center With-the-art laboratory to test repair techniques and means of protection. To enhance cultural exchange between China, has puter-controlled and have 300,000 books in the library and 6-language simultaneous interpretation of international academic Hall. In addition, there are facilities for cultural relics libraries, library, shopping and so on.collections: the Museum's collection of historical relics unearthed in Shaanxi 370,000 fine, visitors can enjoy prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing from 115 million years ago to Year in 1840 between the Shaanxi Cultural Relics.Structure: galleries with a total area of 11,000 square meters,to display the basic points, and temporary exhibits on display feature three parts, on display ancient history of Shaanxi, Shanxi Bronze Exhibition, Shaanxi show the essence of ancient pottery and domestic Tangmu murals show the most real thing Attractive.into the hall of the museum, in the face of huge photographs to show people Pentium Miangen roar of the Yellow River and the vast loess plateau. This is the birth of the breeding history and culture of Shaanxi's geographical location. Shaanxi Yellow Earth's history is the history of civilization. Heads held high standing in the central hall of the giant lion is the symbol of civilization. Its grand design, the surging momentum, the beautiful stone, Hongik Univ of vision, called "Eastern Lions in the first."This is the first in the history of Chinese stone lions from the only female Emperor Wu of Young's mother, Ling-shun. Ancient Chinese lion and the lion sculpture art from Afghanistan into Central Asia's strange romance with the immense depth of East Asia here so perfectly integrated into one, embodies the history and culture of Shaanxi tone.Nearly 1,500 m of exhibition by the basic line on display, special and temporary exhibits on display consists of three parts. Museum is located in the central up and down two floors to display the basic meta-historical relics unearthed inShaanxi Province of the essence, the display of more than 3,000 pieces of rare treasures unearthed in Shaanxi from the hundreds of thousands of cultural relics selected from a number of precious cultural relics here from the public for the first time in World Bank, sub-prehistoric, Zhou, Qin, Han, Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties most of the seven, the image display system, from 115 million years ago by the year 1840, Shaanxi's ancient history, and a number of important people understand the Shaanxi Archeology The basicHan four Wadang God (Suzaku) diameter of 15.8 cm, 2 cm wide margin round, Shaanxi Han Chang'an City ruins unearthed. Suzaku unloading the Pearl of the mouth, head Qiao Mei, the more dignified and powerful Meng, the sacred abnormal. Now in the possession of the Shaanxi History Museum.。
西安主要景点英文介绍(景点翻译)
1.华清宫;The Huaqing Pool is located in the Lintong District 30 km e ast to the urban area of Xian. With Mount. Li to its south and the Wei River to itsnorth, it boasts the natural hot springs. Thefavorable geographical condition and natural environment make it one of the cradles where ancient people settled and . It was also a favorite place for emperors to buildtheir palaces as a resort. Since ancient times, it has ever been a famous bathing and tourist destination.According to historical records and archeological the Huaqing Pool has a history of6000 years for the use of hot springs and a history of 3000 years of royal gardens. Over these years, the cultural relics excavated near the source of hot springs prove that over 6000 years ago primitive residents had used the hot spring. InWest Zhou, King Youwang o rdered the constructionof Li Palace on the site. Then the emperors of the following dynasties join in the line. After Emperor Xuan Zong ascended the throne, hecommanded the construction of Huaqing Palace ona large scale. The construction was built alongthe Lishan Mountains range, and the former spring well was designed into a pool. Roads were builtto reach the top of Lishan Mountain and one two-way road to Changan linked Huaqing Palacewith Daming Palace and Xingqing Palace in thecapital city. In the year 747 ., the new palacewas completed and emperor Xuan Zong named it Huaqing Palace. Because there are many h ot spring pools in the palace, it is also called HuaqingPool With the third peak of Lishan Mountain andthe source of hot springs on the axis and the hot springs as the center, the palace was laid out in four directions. This design, on the one hand,made a good use of the hot springs; on the other hand, it represented a precise and strict layout. Inside the palace, there were officials bureausand houses and hot pools. In addition, some recreational places such as the Rooster Fight Pit and Polo Field etc. for emperor Xuan Zong and Lady Yang were also available. At that time, thehistory of Huaqing Pool reached its climax.2.西安城墙Xi'an city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years inpolicy of Zhu Yuanzhang "high walls, wide accumulate grain, slow the guidance of kings"under, built on the basis of the Tang imperial. Completely around the "defense" strategy systemis greater than the thickness of the wall height, solid as a mountain, the top of the wall andpracticing sports can. Walls include moat, drawbridge, building gate, watchtower, is buildings, towers, fortresses, parapet, forts and other a series of military facilities. Since the completion of the wall after three major renovations. Longqing two years (1568), Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over the restoration of Tucheng first into brick city;Qing Emperor Qianlong 46 years (1781), Shaanxi governor, Bi source host on the walls and towers were renovated; since 1983, in Shaanxi Provinceand Xi'an Municipal People's Government of thecity wall the large-scale renovation, construction has been the demolition of the east gate, north gate of the watchtower, on the SouthGate building, suspension bridge, and built around the park, so that this ancient buildingglow in the old style, has become a tourist attraction for visitors in Xi'an.3.西安碑林博物馆Forest of Stone Steles MuseumThe treasure house of ancient calligraphy andstone carving art of China, the Museum of Forest ofStone Tablets, which is located at the site of Confucian temple in SanXue Street, Xi’an. This museum was set up in 1087 and it collected morethan 3000 stone tablets from the Han dynasty through the Qing dynasty. The whole area consists of 3 parts: Confucian temple, exhibition of stone tablets and stone carvings.4.书院门there is a well-known street -Shuyuanmen A ncient Cultural Street. It is also named ‘the Arts St reet’, located on the eastern side of the southern gate of Xi'an. From the Bell Tower, walk along the South Avenue to the South Gate, you see a traditional archway on the east side of the road, that is Shyuanmen: he 200-m street is in the architectural style of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The street is under the south ancient city wall behind the Forest of Steles , both sides of the slab stone road are lined with buildingsin the Ming and Qing styles. Various crafts andarts are sold on this crowded street all year long. Historical relics, calligraphy, paintings, antiques, jewels, jade and folk art fine works are all tourist favorites.The name of Shuyuanmen, which means the gate of the academy o f classical learning, has its roots in Guanzhong Shuyuan (namely, the academy ofclassical learning in the area of central Shaanxi Plain. Guanzhong Shuyuan is the highest seat of learning in Shaanxi in Ming and Qing dynasty.Being the first-rate one in northwest area, it is also one of the four well-known academies of classical learning in China. The origin of Guangzhong Shuyuan also has an old story. It issaid that a high official called Feng Congwu, once submitted a written statement to the emperor, but only to be dismissed from office because he saidthe emperor was addicted to wine and women all day long without solving state affairs. Feng Congwuwent home and began to give lectures in Baoqing Temple. Later, the senior official Wang Keshou in Shaanxi province also joined him. From then on, thousands of people came here to listen to their lectures. So Guanzhong S huyuan was set up there. After nearly four or five centuries’ history, the old street near the south city wall has fallen into disrepair. Then being carefully planned and designed, it was rebuilt into an imitation ofancient business street with a style of Ming andQing dynasty in early 1990s.Today, Shuyuanmen is a place of tourist interest for the combination of both antiques and handicrafts. It is lined with row upon row ofmore than 100 diverse shops, such as shops for paintings, four treasures for study, seal or collection of ancient seals, etc. On the secondand third floor of the attic , there are many b lack tablets with golden-colored calligraphies on them, such as Wencuige, Zuishuxuan, Jukanzhai, Haoyuegong, etc. Modern handicrafts are the main items in this street, among which you could find the four treasures in the study, pottery figurine, calligraphy and paintings and imitation of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses , baccaro ware,seal cutting, carving,and so on. These all together made the street permeated with an elegant and cultural atmosphere.5.钟楼The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well inXi’an The Bell Tower, a classical building with carved beams a nd painted rafters, has been servedas the symbol of Xi’an. It stands in the centerof the downtown area where the north street, thesouth street, the west street and the east street meet. And the tower house a huge bell which inancient times was use to strike the time every morning. This is how the tower got its name. nowit is an important historical monument in shaanxi Province. The Bell tower was first built in YingXiang temple in 1384 during the Ming dynasty. It was moved t o its present site in 1582 as a result of the city‘s expansion pro gram. Ladies and gentlemen, There is a story about the Bell Tower. It’s said that the first emperor of Ming dynasty , Zhu yuanzhang , he was born in a poor family. Both his parent died when he was young, and he had tolive a hard life. Later, he went to a temple tobecome a monk. When he ascended the throne, he was afraid of being deposed by someone of “real dragon”. Therefore, he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repress the “dragon spirits”. Xi’an has been the imperial capitalcity si nce ancient times. So the “dragonspirits ” must be very strong here. That’s why the bell tower in Xi’an was not only built earlier, but also bigger than the other ones inthe country. The base of the tower is 1, squaremeters in size, meters high and meters wide. It was laid with blue bricks all over. The wholebuilding is 36 meters above ground. It is a brick-and –wood structure. The eaves are supported by colored “dou gong” a traditional structural system in which brackets are used tojoin columns and crossbeams, the use of dou gong made the whole building firm and beautiful.6.小雁塔The Small Wild Goose Pagoda is located in theJianfu Temple. It’s one kilometer south from the downtown area .The Small Wild Goose Pagoda was built in Tang Dynasty.). It has fifteen storeysand it’s about forty-five meters above ground. In 1555, there was an earthquake in Huaxian of this province . As a result, the toptwo storeys of the pagoda were destroyed. Thepresent structure has only thirteen storeys .There is a story about the small wild goose pagoda . When Yi Jing appealed to the imperial court forfunds to build a pagoda, so as to preserve theBuddhist scriptures , the Emperor Li Xian askedthe Empress for advice as he often did . When s he heard of this, she ordered all the imperial concubines and court maids to donate money f or the construction of the pagoda .The ladies were so generous in their donation that there was stillmoney left over even after the project was completed.7.陕西省历史博物馆Shaanxi History Museum is located in the northwest of the Xi’an Wild Goose P agoda. It was built in 1983 and was open on June 20, 1991.Shaanxi History Museum is China’s first large-scale modern n ational museum; i t marks that China’s museum career has entered into a newdevelopment mileage. The Museum has the style of Tang dynasty buildings of “central palace hallwith four worship houses around” with orderly, harmonious, vigorous and grave construction, melting the national tradition, local characteristics and the spirit of time into anorganic whole. The Museum covers an area of 65,000 square meters. It has a building area of 55,600square meters, the cultural relic reservoir area of 8,000 square meters, and exhibition hall area of 11,000 square meters. Its collection of cultural relics reaches 370,000, dating from the simple stone that human u sed at the initial stage in ancient times down to all kinds implements insocial life before 1840; the time span covers more than one million years. The cultural relics arerich in number and types and have high grade andwide value, among w hich Shang bronze is exquisite; terracotta figurines of past dynasties are ofvaried types and postures; gold and silver wareof Han and Tang Dynasty is unique across the country; wall paintings of Tang tomb have noequals in this world. It is called a collection of variety of boutiques carnival.。
陕西博物馆英文讲解词
Introduction of Shaanxi History Museum Hello, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Shaanxi History Museum. First, I want to give you a brief introduction of this museum. Shaanxi History Museum is a sizable national museum with a wide range of artifacts, about 375,000 historical and cultural relics(['rɛliks]n. 遗迹；遗骸；纪念物), which were all excavated in Shaanxi Province. It covers an area of 70,000 square meters, with a floor space of over 50,000 square meters. Shaanxi Province had been the cradle (['kreidl]n. 摇篮；发源地；发祥地；支船架)of the ancient Chinese civilization. And people often say that the ancient history of Shaanxi is a microcosm (['maikrəukɔzəm]n. 微观世界；小宇宙；作为宇宙缩影的人类；缩图（等于microcosmos）)of Chinese history.The museum shows a great deal of elegance and originality in style. It was designed by Zhang Jinqiu, a very famous female architect in China, and assumes the architectural features of ancient Chinese palaces and courtyards of Tang Dynasty.PREFACE HALLNow we are in the hall. The giant stone walking lion was originally erected(adj. 直立的；正立的vt. 建立；竖立)in front of Shunling Mausoleum,([,mɔ:sə'liəm]n. 陵墓；阴森森的大厦[ 复数mausoleums或mausolea ])the tomb of Empress(女皇）Wu Zetian’s mother of the Tang Dynasty. With its exquisite（['ekskwizit,adj. 优美的，高雅的；精致的；剧烈的；细腻的；异常的n. 服饰过于讲究的男子）craftsmanship （技艺精湛）and imposing appearance, the lion is believed to rank the first in Asia. Since lion and their carving skills were introduced to China from Afghanistan through the Silk Road in ancient times, so this lion also represents the cultural exchange between China and other countries.THE MAP OF SHAANXI PROVINCELying in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, and in the eastern part of the northwest region of China, Shaanxi Province serves as the gateway to the northwest of the country, and offers a link of communication between the Southwest, Northwest and East China. Shaanxi Province covers the area of about 205,800 square kilometer,and has the total population of 37 million.Topographically,（[,tɔpə'græfikli]adv. 从地形上；在地形构造方面）Shaanxi Province can be divided into three natural regions. The top part is the Loess['ləuis Plateau['plætəu（黄土高原）in the northern part of Shaanxi Province. The middle part i s Guanzhong Plain, and here is Xi’an city where 13 dynasties set their capitals during 1,100 years in Chinese history. The southern part of the Shaanxi Province is mainly about some mountainous regions. This is Qingling mountainous region, which is not only the natural boundary in separating the northern and the southern part of China but also the watershed ['wɔ:təʃed, 'wɔ-]n. 分水岭；（美）流域；转折点；集水区adj. 标志转折点的）of the two greatest water systems in China—the Yellow River system and the Yangtze River system.THE PREHISTORIC AGE史前时期(1,150,000 years ago—21st century B.C)The first section focuses on the history of Shaanxi Province during the Prehistoric Age, which ranges from 1,150,000 years ago to the 21st century B.C. Shaanxi is an important source of information on the origin of the human race in Asia. In 1964, the fossil of a human skull and jawbone were discovered in Liantian County. The archaeologists put these together and shaped this female figure around her 30’s. The Liantian Ape-man had a much smaller brain capability comparing with people living today, only 780 milliliters （['mili,li:tə]n. 毫升）about half the size of people today. And the thickness of their skull is twice as much as people today. All of these tell us that the intellect of Liantian Ape-man is not well developed. However, the results of the latest research program prove that Liantian Ape-man lived about 1,150,000 years ago and was the earliest known Homo ['həuməu]n. 人，人类；同性恋者[ 复数homos ]erectus（直立人；直立猿人；直立人种）in North Asia. This background picture shows Gongwangling公王岭, where the fossil of Liantian Ape-man was discovered. In the display case are the pointed stone implements excavated （v. 发掘；挖掘（excavate的过去式，过去分词）from the site, which were made and used by Liantian Ape-man. These stone implements,thought slightly chipped (tʃipt]adj. 有缺口的；用碎片组成的；受切损的)and irregularly shaped, were used for multiple purposes. And all of these stone tools belonged to the Paleolithic([,pæliəu'liθik, ,pei-]adj. 旧石器时代的）Age.After the discovery of the fossil of Liantian Ape-man, the fossil of a rather complete hominid(['hɔminid]n. 原始人类；人科动物adj. 人类及其祖先的)skull was found in Dali County, Shaanxi Province in 1978. The brain capability of the Dali Men was larger, reached to 1120 milliliters, only 300 less than people today. Dali Men lived about 200,000 years ago, and belonged to a new stage of human evolution, known as （智人）Homo Sapiens['seipjənz. The stone implements ever used by the Dali Men are relatively small in size.The earliest Neolithic （[,ni:əu'liθik] adj. 新石器时代的；早先的）cultural heritage in Shaanxi is known as Laoguantai Culture, which originated about 8,000 years ago. The Neolithic Culture is different from the（[,pæliəu'liθik, ,pei-] adj. 旧石器时代的）Paleolithic Culture in three major respects: the use of polished stone implements, the invention of pottery utensils餐具, and the emergence of settled habitation and primitive(['primitiv] adj. 原始的，远古的；简单的，粗糙的n. 原始人)farming. The appearance of these early pottery utensils provided the human being with the cooking vessels（容器，血管）, and helped a lot to improve the living condition at that time. The polished stone spades（[speidz] n. 锹（spade的复数）v. 用铲挖（spade的三单形式）and knives on display indicate that at that time people made a living not solely by gathering and hunting, but by means of slash-and-burn.（['slæʃən'bə:n] adj. 刀耕火种的）Yangshao Culture dates about 7,000-5,000 years back. In Shaanxi Province, the representatives of Yangshao Culture are the Banpo site and the Jiangzhai site. Now let’s see a typical artifact of Yangshao Culture, the tip-bottomed bottles. The ancient people used it as water vessel. First they used strings to tie on the ears and then put the vessel directly on the surface of the river. As soon as the bottle touched the water, it would naturally fall down and let the water flow in. Then it would stand upright after being filled with water, due to the shifting of its center of gravity（重心）. Because people at that time lived along the riverside, so they made the bottle into suchshape—they could hold it and push it into the sand, made it more stable.•Here are some stone implements of Yangshao Culture. Comparing with those of Laoguantai Culture, these stone tools seem relatively small in size. At that time, there was an advance that was people began to use the stone tools attached to thewood stick, which could be easier and safer for people to use it. These are some bone needles for the ancient people to sew their clothes, and there are some patterns of their sewing. According to the archaeological study, it is believed that the materials forsewing then were possibly linen（['linin] n. 亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品adj. 亚麻的；亚麻布制的）and hides（兽皮）. And this necklace made of thousand of small animal’s bone was found in a girl’s tomb. Because Yangshao Culture was a typical（matriarchal['meitri'a:kl] adj. 母系氏族的；女家长的）clan（[klæn] n. 宗族；部落；集团）community in which women played a dominant role in every aspect of social life, so the archaeologist found a lot of burial （['beriəl] n. 埋葬；葬礼；弃绝adj. 埋葬的）objects in even young girl’s tomb, but not in male’s tomb. Yangshao Culture is also known as the culture of painted pottery.（彩陶）The patterns of the painted pottery are mainly about some animal patterns and some geometric patterns （[dʒiəu'metrik] adj. 几何学的；几何学图形的）, like the wave of the river. Now we will see a first-class artifact in our museum—this pottery basin（人面鱼纹盆）. Inside of this basin（['beisən] n. 水池；流域；盆地；盆）there is a people’s face and with two fish in his mouth. This design depicted Baopo people’s strong ties and special emotion with fish. It was most likely the totem（['təutəm] n. 图腾；崇拜物）of the Banpo people. And if we see closer we can find there are two little holes at the bottom of this basin. Since the infant death rate was very high in those days because of tough natural conditions. When children died, their parents would bury the corpse（[kɔ:ps] n.尸体）in pottery jars（广口瓶）, and put such basin over the jar. The two holes were served as passage for the soul of the child to come or go freely. From this we can see that 6,000 years ago the primitive people already generated（生成的；发生的v. （使）产生（generate的过去分词））the conception that everybody had a soul. With the progress of the material civilization, they began to strive for a spiritual civilization.The pottery wind instrument（管乐器）unearthed 发掘from the site of Banpo Village is the earliest musical instrument in China. The upper hole was for people to blow, and the other two holes were used for changing the tunes. Writing did not come into being in Banpo days, but the archeologists have found a lot of symbols on the edge of some pottery utensils. Comparing these symbols with the inscriptions on oracle bones 甲骨文or tortoise shells龟甲of the Shang Dynasty, we may see a few of them bear some resemblance to each other. Though the archeologists have not figure out the actual meaning of these symbols, it is believed these symbols were possibly the earliest Chinese script.China went into the Longshan Culture period about 5,000 years ago. The village ruins typical of Longshan Culture are scattered extensively广阔的in Shaanxi Province and chiefly centered in the area of the Wei River. Starting from the period of the Longshan Culture, mankind moved into the age of patriarchal（[,peitri'ɑ:kəl] adj. 家长的；族长的；由族长统治的）clan community父系氏族时期. With social and economic development, men began to play a dominant role in social activities instead of women. With the invention of a new method of pottery making, the earthenware （['ə:θənwεə] n. 陶器；土器）ever made was uniform in thickness and varied in style. In addition, painted pottery wares gave way to their grey pottery counterparts相对物；相对应的人. A lot of wine vessels appeared at that time because of the agriculture development. This is a typical wine vessel which has three legs and hollowed inside, so people could pour more wine into it and people also could make a fire under it to warm up the wine. These are some jade（dʒeid] n. 翡翠；碧玉；老马adj. 玉制的；绿玉色的）utensils mainly used in some sacrificial ceremonies because jade was very rare at that time.This picture shows the Yellow Emperor’s Mausoleum, which is located in Huangling County in Northern Shaanxi. The Yellow Emperor was born about 4,700 years ago. He was a legendary leader of Huaxia tribesmen in the patriarchal clan community during the Longshan Culture period. Shaanxi was then the central area of their activities. Under his leadership, the Huaxia tribesmen unified the Yellow RiverValley after fighting 52 battles. Therefore, the Yellow Emperor was worshipped（崇拜）as the forefather of the Chinese nation. Every year on the Tomb-sweeping Day, the people of Chinese origin come from different parts of the world to search for their roots and offer sacrifices to the Yellow Emperor.Zhou Dynasty 周(21st century B.C—770 A.D)The Zhou Period includes three different stages: the Zhou Clan, the Zhoufang State, and the Western Zhou Dynasty.Several small tribes lived on the banks of the Jing and Wei rivers. During the late period of the Longshaan culture, these tribes formed the Zhou Clan. Here on display are cultural relics文化遗产of the early Zhou Period.This is the 9['ɔrəkl, 'ɔ:-] n. 神谕；神谕处；预言；圣人) Oracle bone甲骨. In ancient times, people used this bone to predict the future. This is a well-preserved scapula(['skæpjulə] n. 肩胛；[解]肩胛骨)of an ox. During ancient times, the ox and the tortoise (['tɔ:təs] n. 龟，乌龟（等于testudo）；迟缓的人) were regarded as divine beasts. Tribes practiced divination（[divi'neiʃən] n. 预测，占卜）by chiseling凿边；心土深耕；凿开holes into tortoise shells or animal bones. Then they would light up twisted grass and put it under the chisel holes. The bone would then crack under the heat, and the diviner would interpret the shapes and direction of the cracks. Finally, the diviner（[di'vainə] n. 预言者；占卜者；推测者）would carve the results into another bone. These carvings became the first known characters in China. We called it “inscriptions铭文；碑文；题字on tortoise shells or animal bones”.To avoid the nomadic（[nəu'mædik, nɔ-] adj. 游牧的；流浪的；游动的）tribe’s invasions in 16th century B.C., they settled down in the present Fufeng and Qishan countries where they established their capital, official ranking system, and government. This settlement was acknowledged by the Shang Dynasty and was appointed the title of “Fang state”.Here are some building materials from the Zhou Yuan Site. Here is a hollowbrick空心砖. People used this brick to build the steps and the walls of their homes at that time. These bricks had many benefits. They reduced noise, kept people warm, and reduced the weight of the building.At that time Shaanxi Province was very rainy. Because of this, people invented these nails钉子to secure tiles in the mud of the roofs, making it more stable. In the early period of the Zhou Dynasty, tiles were only placed on the edge of the roof. Later on, the tiles were placed all over the roof.Here we see pottery sewer pipes陶水管道. People connected and buried them under ground for water to run.On the east side of the Zhou Fang State, there was the Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty was famous for bronze wares.青铜器Here is a typical one. The one in the corner we call a tripod三角桌. On one leg of the tripod there is an animal’s face. This animal is one son of a dragon and is a divine神圣的beast. We called it “taotie” in Chinese. It loved to eat people, but one day it ate up all of the people and began to eat itself. When it ate the lower part of its body, it could not swallow itself and became a monster that only had a head. People put this figure on the surface of the bronze wares to warn people to not eat too much, and not to be too greedy.Guifang Culture was a culture that belonged to the nomadic Hun tribe in Zhou Dynasty. You can see that the patterns on these artifacts are mainly animal patterns. We can clearly observe the pictures of wild animals on grasslands on the bronze artifacts. This is goat headed ladle长柄勺with a tiger hunting a sheep. This shows us the food chain in nature and is a very typical grassland scene.Bashu culture was in the northern part of the Zhou Fang State. We saw a lot of “li” made of pottery before. All of them had three legs. This one here has four legs and is the only one in China up to now with four legs.Here we see some bronze masks on the wall. Archaeologists have three theories about how they were used. The first is that people wore these in ceremonies. The second is that they wore them at parties. Finally, they should be placed on the face of the dead in the tombs as burial objects.In the 11th century B.C., the Shang Dynasty died and the Zhou Dynasty cameinto existence instead. It established its capital in Feng沣and Hai, which were separated by the Feng River. This spot marked the founding of the ancient city of Xi’an.These artifacts were excavated from the Feng Hao site. This plate is called “he” in Chinese. In ancient time, people used these two artifacts together because at that time people did not have chopsticks. The royalty would have one slave hold this, and another hold this. They would then use flowing water to wash their hands before the meal.This is a food container. We call it “dou” in Chinese, because the container is in a similar shape of the Chinese character of “dou”.Here is a very interesting wine cup. It has two ears, and there are a lot of theories about how to use the ears. One is very interesting. It says that when the guests drink wine, if the ears touch the cheek of the guest then the cup is empty.五四卫鼎Shaanxi History Museum houses 18 national treasures. This is our first national treasure on display. In this tripod, there are 207 characters inside and the characters tell the story about a law dispute during the Zhou Dynasty. It is very important because it provides us detail of the ancient law system in China.During that time, bronze wares were no longer used as a food container. Bronze wares served as a symbol of rank and were things used by royal family members. According to Chinese historical records, the emperor owned 9 tripods and 8 gui. Such tripods are called “ding” in Chinese, and they were used as a cooking vessel to boil meat. Such wares we called “gui” and are similar t o bowls we use today. Nine ding and eight gui symbolized the position of the emperor. Seven ding and six gui symbolized the position of a duke. Here on display, there are 5 ding and 4 gui, which is equal to the level of a governor of a province today.它盘During this period, there were a lot of harsh严酷的punishments to slaves. Under this plate, there are four slaves with one foot missing. To cut off the feet of a slave was a common punishment called “yue” 刖and was very cruel. It was often used for slaves attempting to escape.Now we see the second national treasure on our display. This tripod is called DouYoutripod. 多友鼎There are 279 characters inside this tripod. It is mainly about a record of war that occurred between the Zhou Dynasty and nomadic tribes. The battle was won by General DouYou of the Zhou Dynasty. The general put his name and the details of the battles inside this tripod as a medal. ['medəl] n. 勋章，奖章；纪念章Here we see the earliest porcelain（['pɔ:səlin, -lein] n. 瓷；瓷器adj. 瓷制的；精美的）in Zhou Dynasty. Though it is still rough and not very smooth, it was made 3,000 years ago.Those jade utensils were all used in ceremonies. At that time, such shape was called “bi” in Chinese. It symbolized the male, the heaven, and the sun. Here we se e a “zong” in Chinese. It symbolized the female, the earth, and the moon. Together they were used in ceremonies as sacrifices to the heaven and the earth.The shell money was the earliest currency in Shaanxi province. Shaanxi province is very far from the sea, so the shell was very precious during that period and became the currency used by royal families.•Here we see an ornament (['ɔ:nəmənt, n. 装饰；装饰物；教堂用品vt. 装饰，修饰]that was part of the wheel of a chariot.(['tʃæriət] n. 二轮战车vt. 驾驭)On the shoulder of the man there are two tattoos(n. 刺青，纹身（tattoo的复数）v. 刺花纹于…) of animals. According to Chinese historical record, people began to weartattoos during that period and believed they would help fend off evil spirits.Here we can see an ancient Chinese musical instrument called the ([tʃaim] vi. 鸣响；和谐vt. 打钟报时；敲出和谐的声音n. 钟声；一套发谐音的钟；和谐)Chime Bell.At that time, people used a wood stick to tap it to make sounds. In the middle people can make one sound, and at the edge people can make another sound. Each chime bell had two sounds. This Chain Bell has five sounds of which most repeat.Here we see some wine vessels. This is a wine vessel with two birds as handles.凤柱斝The birds are the earliest image in China of the phoenix. Back then it looked like a chicken which was the prototype('prəutətaip] n. 原型；标准，模范) of phoenix.牛尊Here you can see another first class artifact, also a wine vessel. This is a tiger on the back of an ox. Because the ox is scared, it opens its mouth and eyes sopeople can pour wine through it’s mouth. The tiger is also the lid 盖子of the wine vessel. The tail of the ox served as the handle for people to hold. People also can make a fire under it to heat the wine.Qin Dynasty(770 B.C—206 B.C)The Qin period covers three historic periods: The Spring and Autumn, the Warring States战国, and the Qing Dynasty.The Qin was an ancient tribal clan that used to live in Tianshui--Gansu Province. The forefather of the first Qin emperor was called Xianggong秦襄公. In 770 BC, King Ping 周平王of the Zhou Dynasty bestowed（[bi'stəu] vt. 使用；授予；放置）a favor upon Qin Xianggong and appointed him an imperial（[im'piəriəl] adj. 帝国的；皇帝的；至高无上的；威严的n. 纸张尺寸；特等品）duke. Later, Qin Xianggong established Yongcheng雍城as his own capital, which is presently Fengxiang country in Shaanxi Province. The artifacts here were excavated from the site of Yongcheng. This is called a stone drum. These two are replicas（['replikə] n. 复制品，复制物）as the original ones are national treasures and are kept in the Forbidden City. These are called stone drums only because of their shape; they have nothing to do with musical instruments. They are the equivalents（n. 当量；同等设备；等同物）of stone tablets. The content is mainly stories about nobles hunting. These stone drums were excavated very early in the Tang Dynasty. People at that time didn’t want to waste it, so they cut them into two parts to mill（[mil] vi. 乱转；被碾磨n. 工厂；磨坊；磨粉机；制造厂；压榨机vt. 搅拌；碾磨；磨细；使乱转）grain.Now you can see the pottery pipe has gotten much stronger and solid than before. This shows us that the construction of the city was growing.Here we see some woodwork joints连接made of bronze which was used in architecture during this time. The exact position and method of the woodwork joints is shown in the picture. The patterns on these bronze wares were called panhui, which means snakes.Now we see some 瓷砖，瓦片tile-ends瓦当which protect the end of wood roofs from rain and other elements. These early tile-ends are somewhat thin and have very simple animal patterns. We will compare them to tile-ends in the Han Dynasty later.Agriculture was integral to the economy of the Qin state. Unearthed quantities of iron farm tools reveals the extensive use of these tools, which replaced bronze items at that time. Iron was only used for agriculture, not for military tools. In order to develop agriculture, the emperor of Qin Dynasty gave these farming tools to farmers for free.Here is another first class artifact. This is a wine vessel. Archaeologists found this artifact in a dump垃圾场in the 1970’s. It is a gourd（[ɡuəd] n. 葫芦，葫芦属植物）shaped wine vessel with a lid盖子in the shape of a bird鸟盖瓠壶. The bill of the bird will open automatically when wine is poured. The pattern on this vessel is also the symbol of the snake.Here are some bronze mirrors. These are all the backs of the mirrors. The early bronze mirrors were very thin, and the pattern is hard to see. We will compare these with others used later in the Han and Tang dynasty later.When the Qin unified all of China, the Qin state moved its capital to Xianyang, very near Xi’an’s current airport. These building materials are from the Xianyang Site. Here are fragments of some of the earliest murals（['mjuərəl] adj. 墙壁的n. 壁画；（美）壁饰）found in a palace.Here are some weapons. These played a very important role in the conquering of the six other states for the Qin Dynasty. This is a bronze sword. After being buried for 2000 years, it retains保持its sharpness and glitter（['ɡlitə] vi. 闪光；闪烁n. 闪光；灿烂）without a sign of rust锈. After technical inspection, the archaeologists found a thin layer薄膜层of oxidate氧化物chromium on the surface of the bronze sword to prevent it from rusting. The Germans and Americans only invented the technology of chromium （['krəumjəm] n. [化]铬（24号元素，符号Cr））coating涂层，盖上in the 1930’s. Even today we don’t know how these people did it 2000 years ago.Here we see a tiger tally（['tæli] n. 计数器；标签；记账vt. 使符合；计算；记录vi. 一致；记分）（计数器）杜虎符. The body of the tiger tally can be divided into two halves. The left was held by the general while the right was held by the Emperor. When both pieces were matched together, the general was allowed to move the army. Whenever the general wanted to move more than 50 men, he was required to do this. There are also 51 golden-inlaid（['inleid, adj. 镶嵌的；嵌入的；镶饰的v. 把…镶入；用镶嵌物装饰（inlay的过去分词形式））inscriptions engraved（[in'greivd] adj. 被牢记的；被深深印入的v. 雕刻（engrave的过去式））on it. The 51 character inscription says that this is a military tally with the right half in the hands of the emperor and the left half in Du. During the Qin dynasty, the right was considered the side of honor. The gold inlaid inscription also reflects the level of gold craftsmanship at that time.Here we can see a bronze crossbow 弩机on the wall. It was the most powerful weapon before the use of gun power. The bronze part is the actual artifact; the wood structure is refurbished（[,ri:'fə:biʃ] vt. 刷新；再磨光.）Here you can see four terracotta warriors. All four are original warriors. Each warrior has a different facial expression, each individual has a unique expressions.When Emperor Qin Shi Huang was alive and Qin Dynasty unified, he standardized everything from currency to characters to measurement tools. Here is the currency, and the middle is the currency used in the Qin Dynasty. The circle is the symbol for the heaven, and the square is the symbol for the earth. They thought the sky was larger than the earth, so they made the coin into such shape. The coins were called Banliang, which signifies weight. The coin was made in this shape throughout China’s history until the last dynasty, the Qing Dynasty.This map shows the roads built by the emperor of the Qin Dynasty. All of the roads are straight because that was the fastest way to transfer food or military troops.Archaeologists found many burial objects around the area of the mausoleum of the Emperor. The archaeologists found these pottery figures, and each was buried with a horse. Their purpose was to raise the horses for the royal family in the after world.Han Dynasty(202 B.C—220 A.D)The Han Dynasty is a very important historical stage in China’s history. The Han nationality was officially formed during this historical period. The Han exerted （[iɡ'zə:t] vt. 运用，发挥；施以影响）a far-reaching influence on the development of the succeeding dynasties in Chinese History. That is why “Han” is a synonym （['sinənim] n. 同义词；同义字）with Chinese people and civilization in the world today. Han Dynasty chose Xi’an as their ca pital, located just northwest of present day Xi’an. At that time it was called Chang’an, which means permanent peace.Here is a water container 上林铜鉴that was used at a famous palace called ShangLin Palace. That palace served as the imperial yard for hunting.These are the most famous tile-ends of the Han Dynasty. Compared with the Qin Tiles, the Han tiles瓷砖are larger with wider edges and are grayish in color. Also there was an increase in the number of ends that were inscribed with用。
(优秀文档)西安市旅游景点英文介绍
大雁塔Great Wild Goose Pagoda小雁塔Small Wild Goose Pagoda秦始皇兵马俑博物馆Museum of Emperor Qinshihuang’s Tomb Figures of Soldiers and Horses 秦始皇陵The Tomb of Emperor Qinshihuang黄帝陵The Huangdi Tomb鼓楼 The Drum Tower钟楼The Bell Tower西安城墙The Xi’an Circumvallation华清池The Huaqing Pond乾陵 The Qian Tomb法门寺The Famen Temple黄河壶口瀑布The Huanghe Hukou Waterfall大唐芙蓉园Lotus palace of Tang DynastyTerra-cotta warriors -- Qin Dynasty 秦始皇兵马俑The Silk Road 丝绸之路Big and Little Goose Pagodas 大小雁塔Shaanxi is one of civilized important , all together China headstream, as far back as havingLantian Man to grow work here right away in the front for 1000000 years, starting from the 11thcentury B.C., successively have 13 in history dynasty found a capital here. Shaanxi Province fieldof being that our country cultural relics and historic sites gathers together , name of having "the natural history museum ": Acient Chang An county City historical remains, are known as eighthShaanxi not only cultural relics and historic sites is a lot of , but also natural scene is1。
秦始皇陵博物馆英语讲解
秦始皇陵博物馆英语讲解摘要：I.引言- 介绍秦始皇陵博物馆- 提出提供英语讲解服务II.秦始皇陵博物馆简介- 秦始皇陵的历史背景- 博物馆的地理位置和建筑结构- 博物馆的展览内容和服务设施III.英语讲解服务- 服务对象和内容- 讲解方式和时间- 预约方式和注意事项IV.总结- 强调英语讲解服务的重要性- 鼓励游客使用英语讲解服务正文：位于中国陕西省临潼区的秦始皇陵博物馆，是一座集秦始皇陵考古、展示、研究于一体的博物馆。
该馆以其丰富的文物收藏和展示，向世人展示了秦始皇陵的历史背景和文化内涵。
如今，为了更好地服务国际游客，秦始皇陵博物馆推出了英语讲解服务。
秦始皇陵是中国历史上第一个统一的封建国家秦朝的奠基者秦始皇嬴政的陵墓。
陵墓位于陕西省临潼区，占地约30 公顷。
陵墓周围有大量的兵马俑，展示了秦朝的军事力量和技艺水平。
1974 年，秦始皇陵兵马俑被偶然发现，从此开始了一系列的考古发掘和研究工作。
1987 年，秦始皇陵博物馆正式对外开放。
作为一座现代化的博物馆，秦始皇陵博物馆不仅收藏有大量的秦朝文物，还设有多个展示厅，展示了秦始皇陵的历史、文化和考古成果。
此外，博物馆还提供各种服务设施，如餐饮、购物、休息区等。
为了更好地服务国际游客，秦始皇陵博物馆推出了英语讲解服务。
英语讲解服务的内容包括秦始皇陵的历史背景、陵墓结构、兵马俑的技艺水平等。
讲解方式分为团队讲解和个人讲解，游客可以根据自己的需求进行选择。
英语讲解服务的时间为每天上午9:00 至下午5:00，游客需要提前预约。
总之，秦始皇陵博物馆的英语讲解服务为国际游客提供了便利，让他们能够更好地了解秦始皇陵的历史和文化。
西安及景点介绍：中英文对照(权威发布)
Introduction of Xi’anXi’an CityXi'an (Chinese: 西安), is the capital of Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is located in the center of the Guanzhong Plain in Northwestern China. One of the oldest cities in China, Xi'an is the oldest of the Four Great Ancient Capitals, having held the position under several of the most important dynasties in Chinese history, including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Sui, and Tang. Xi'an is the starting point of the Silk Road and home to the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang.西安,是陕西省的省会,中国人民共和国。
它位于关中平原的中心在中国西北。
中国最古老的城市之一,西安是最古老的四大古都,是多个历史上最重要的朝代的首都,包括西周、秦、西汉、隋、唐。
西安是丝绸之路的起点,皇帝秦始皇的兵马俑。
Since the 1990s, as part of the economic revival of inland China especially for the central and northwest regions, the city of Xi'an has re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial and educational center of the central-northwest region, with facilities for research and development, national security and China's space exploration program. As of 2015 Xi'an has a population of 8,705,600 . It is the most populous city in Northwest China, as well as one of the three most populous cities in Western China.自1990年代以来,随着经济复苏的一部分内陆中国尤其是中部和西北地区,西安的城市再度成为一个重要的文化,central-northwest地区的工业和教育中心,为研究和发展设施,国家安全和中国的太空探索计划。
西安名胜简介(中英文双语)
暮鼓
Bell Tower is located in Xi'an city of the North and the South East and West Main Street, four of the interchange. Ming Hongwu 17 years before, the site of the Xi'an Guangji street in this corner, Wanli next 10 years to move the site of the Qing Emperor Qianlong had five-year renovation. Bronze bell hanging on the clock tower to time, the Bell tower named. 钟楼位于西安城内东西南北四条大街的交汇处。始 建于明洪武十七年，原址在今西安市广济街口，明 万历十年移于现址，清乾隆五年曾经重修。钟楼上 悬挂铜钟，用以报时，故名钟楼。
陕西是华夏文明最重要、最集中的发源地之
悠历 久史
一，早在100万年前就有蓝田人在此生息劳 作，从公元前11世纪起，历史上先后有13个 朝代在此建都。 。
Xi‘an is China‟s cultural relics and
cultures meet, there is a “natural History”: a relic of the ancient city of Chang„an, known as the Eighth Wonder of the World‟s Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang, Great Wild Goose Pagoda... ... broad Mausoleum of Chinese civilization so distant Every one of the early Xi‘an consciously digging deep inside You think the tone. 史博物馆”之称：古长安城的遗迹、号称世 界第八大奇迹的秦始皇兵马俑、壮观雄伟的 大雁塔……博大悠远的华夏文明使每一个初 到西安的人都不自觉地挖掘内心深处的怀古 悠思。