高考英语名词与冠词历年真题精华版

名词与冠词

1.（2011江苏卷,27）Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ___.

A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence

答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“教师要不断地更新他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。”consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职；intelligence 智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句意选C。

2.（2011福建卷,26）The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.

A.result

B.cause

C.warning

D.reflection

答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。”result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选B。

3.(2011浙江卷,18) Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ____.

A. emotions

B. principles

C. regulations

D. opinions

答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“不管怎样，我不能欺骗他—这违反我的原则。”emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选B。

4.（2011四川卷,13）Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s .

A.touch

B.sight

C.reach

D.distance

答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。”out of touch不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。

5.（2011湖北卷,21）“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with______ clearly in her voice.

A . anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic

答案：D解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂这明显的惊慌。”anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic惊慌，慌乱。根据句意选D。

6.（2011湖北卷,22）Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.

A. project

B. commitment

C. competition

D. ambition

答案：B解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“当初放弃我的工作重新接受全日制的教育是个了不起的决定，现在我知道那是我作出的最好的决定。”project项目, 计划, 方案, 课题；commitment 承诺，许诺，保证；competition比赛，竞争；ambition抱负，雄心，野心。commitment与后面的decision相呼应，故选B。

7.（2011湖北卷,30）When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.

A. in terms of

B. in need of

C. in favor of

D. in praise of

答案：C解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“当被问到对于校长的看法时，许多老师都愿意看到他靠边站为更年轻的人让路。”in terms of就而论；in need of需要；in favor of赞成；in praise of表扬，赞扬。

8.（2011江西卷31）What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?

A.sympathy

B.theme

C.object

D.point

答案：D

解析：考查名词的辨义。sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？选D。

9.(2011山东卷,34) There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.

A. tradition

B. balance

C. concern

D. relationship

答案：A解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。”tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition作答案。

10.（2011江苏卷,32）We’d better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan. A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time

10.答案：A解析：考查名词的辨义。句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。

2010年高考题

1. （10安徽25）I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______

A. hearing B strength C. recognition D. measure

答案：C. 考点：本题考查名词辨析。解析：hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。句意为“……她变得认不出来了。”

2.（10江西35）Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.

A average

B number

C amount

D quantity

答案：A.考点：考察名词。解析：a number of 许多amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额,

a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。

3.（10山东33）

Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.

A. relief

B. safety

C. defense

D. shelter

答案:A考点：本题考查名词在具体语境的使用。解析：句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除”。safety 表示“安全，保险”；defense 表示“防御，防护”；shelter表示“掩蔽，保护”。

4.（10天津3）James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.

A. room

B. area

C. field

D. position