(5套)2019年高考英语人教版选修8(全册)知识点汇总

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人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理] 复习同位语

, 人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习复习同位语概念引入同位语，也许这个名词不像定语、状语、主语等那么眼熟，但是在英语语法中也是不可缺少的内容，尤其是同位语从句，更是名词性从句的重点和难点。

在这个单元里，我们就来小结一下同位语，尤其是同位语从句的一些重要的用法。

先看下面句子：1. The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly thesheep .2. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill .3. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the originalsheep .4. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.这些句子中斜体词部分都是同位语，其中句 2 和句 4 是同位语从句。

那么同位语到底是什么样的句子成分？什么样的词语或从句能作同位语？应该注意什么呢？下面我们将就这些问题进行讨论。

用法讲解同位语的定义与构成同位语（Appositive ）定义对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。

同位语常放在被说明的词之后说明它们的内容、性质和情况等，有时有逗号隔开。

例如：Mr . W ang, my chi ld’s t eacher , will be visiting us on T uesday .王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。

（Mr . W ang 是句子的主语，而 my child ’s teacher 说明主语的身份，是同位语。

(完整版)高中英语选修8词汇表(人教版)

选修8Unit 1illustrate ['iləstreɪt] vt. 说明；阐明distinct [dɪ'stɪŋkt] adj. 清晰的；明显的distinction [dɪ'stɪŋkʃən] n. 差别；卓著immigrant ['ɪmɪɡrənt] n.移民live on 继续存在；继续生存strait [stret] n. 海峡means [minz] n. 手段；方法by means of … 用……办法；借助……prehistoric [,prihɪ'stɔrɪk] adj. 史前的majority [mə'dʒɔrəti] n. 大多数；大半ministry ['mɪnɪstri] n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责adventurer [əd'vɛntʃərɚ] n. 冒险家make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等despite [dɪ'spaɪt] prep. 尽管；不管hardship ['hɑrdʃɪp] n. 苦难；困苦elect [ɪ'lɛkt] vt. 选举federal ['fɛdərəl] adj. 联邦制的rail [rel] n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条percentage [pɚ'sɛntɪdʒ] n. 百分比keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统boom [bʊm] n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期aircraft ['ɛr'kræft] n. 飞行器；飞机immigrate ['ɪmɪɡret] vi. 移入immigration [,ɪmɪ'ɡreʃən] n. 移民racial ['reʃl] adj. 人种的；种族的crossing ['krɔsɪŋ] n. 十字路口vice [vaɪs] n. & adj. 代理；副职pole [pol] n. 地极；电极；磁极applicant ['æplɪkənt] n. 申请人customs ['kʌstəmz] n. 海关；关税socialist ['soʃəlɪst] n. 社会主义者socialism ['soʃəlɪzəm] n. 社会主义occur [ə'kɝ] vi. 发生cattle ['kætl] n. 牛（总称）indicate ['ɪndɪket] vt. 表明；暗示back to back 背靠背luggage ['lʌɡɪdʒ] n. 行李（<美>baggage）shave [ʃev] vt. & vi. 刮；剃cable ['kebl] n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆cable car 缆车；（美）有轨缆车tram [træm] n. （有轨）电车apparent [ə'pærənt] adj. 显而易见的apparently [ə'pærəntli] adv. 显然地brake [brek] n&v. 闸；刹车conductor [kən'dʌktɚ] n.售票员;指挥slip [slɪp] vi&n. 滑动bakery ['bekəri] n. 面包房；面包厂ferry ['fɛri] n. 渡船；渡口vt. 摆渡team up with 与……合作或一起工作hire ['haɪə] vt. & n. 租用；雇用fascinating ['fæsɪnetɪŋ] adj. 迷人的mark out 画线；标出……界线seagull ['siɡʌl] n. 海鸥take in 包括；吸收angle ['æŋg(ə)l] n. 角；角度a great/good many 许多；很多apply for 申请；请示得到nowhere ['nəʊhweə] adv. 无处；到处都无miserable ['mɪz(ə)rəb(ə)l] adj. 悲惨的punishment ['pʌnɪʃm(ə)nt] n. 处罚；惩罚justice ['dʒʌstɪs] n. 公正；公平mourn [mɔːn] vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念civil ['sɪv(ə)l] adj. 公民的authority [ɔː'θɒrɪtɪ] n. 权威；当局reform [rɪ'fɔːm] v. & n. 改革grasp [grɑːsp] vt. & n. 抓住；掌握；领会thoughtful ['θɔːtfʊl] adj. 体贴的；深思的thankful ['θæŋkfʊl; -f(ə)l] adj. 感激的insert [ɪn'sɜːt] vt. 插入；嵌入Unit 2differ ['dɪfə] vi. 不同；相异exact [ɪg'zækt; eg-] adj. 精确的；准确的△ identical [aɪ'dentɪk(ə)l] adj. 一模一样的commercial [kə'mɜːʃ(ə)l] adj. 商业的straightforward [streɪt'fɔːwəd] adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的△ complicated ['kɒmplɪkeɪtɪd] adj. 复杂的undertake [ʌndə'teɪk]vt.着手；从事；承担pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清breakthrough ['breɪkθruː] n. 突破procedure [prə'siːdʒə] n. 程序；步骤△ nucleus ['njuːklɪəs] n. 原子核；中心△ embryo ['embrɪəʊ] n. 胚；胚胎carrier ['kærɪə] n. 携带者；运输工具cast [kɑːst] vt. 扔；投；掷cast down 沮丧；不愉快altogether [ɔːltə'geðə; ɒl-] adv. 总共arbitrary ['ɑːbɪt(rə)rɪ] adj. 任意的△ fate [feɪt] n. 命运；天命correction [kə'rekʃ(ə)n] n. 改正；纠正object ['ɒbdʒɪkt; -dʒekt] vi. 反对；不赞成objection [əb'dʒekʃ(ə)n] n. 不赞成；反对△ impact ['ɪmpækt] n. 巨大的影响medium ['miːdɪəm] n. (pl media) 媒介;手段the media 大众传播媒体obtain [əb'teɪn] vt. 获得；赢得attain [ə'teɪn] vt. 获得；到达moral ['mɒr(ə)l] adj. 道德的；伦理的conservative [kən'sɜːvətɪv] adj. 保守的forbid [fə'bɪd] vt. 禁止；不准accumulate [ə'kjuːmjʊleɪt] vt. 积累in favour of 赞成；支持side road 旁路；支线；岔道constitution [kɒnstɪ'tjuːʃ(ə)n] n. 宪法compulsory [kəm'pʌls(ə)rɪ] adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的opera ['ɒp(ə)rə] n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院chorus ['kɔːrəs] n. 合唱；合唱队loaf [ləʊf] n. 一条（面包）flour ['flaʊə] n. 面粉owe [əʊ] vt. 欠（账）；归功于……shortly ['ʃɔːtlɪ] adv. 立刻；不久retire [rɪ'taɪə] vi. 退休；离开bother ['bɒðə] vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰(be) bound to (do) …一定或注定（做）…assumption [ə'sʌm(p)ʃ(ə)n] n. 假定；设想regulation [regjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n] n. 规则；规章△ nonsense ['nɒns(ə)ns] n. 胡说；废话△ popularity [pɒpjʊ'lærətɪ] n. 流行strike [straɪk] v. & n. 打；撞击；罢工strike … into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心from time to time 不时；偶尔bring back to life 使复生；使复活initial [ɪ'nɪʃəl] adj. 最初的；开始的vain [veɪn] adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的in vain 白费力气；枉费心机resist [rɪ'zɪst] vt. 抵抗；对抗drawback ['drɔːbæk] n. 缺点；不利条件merely ['mɪəlɪ] adv. 仅；只；不过△ restore [rɪ'stɔː] vt. 恢复；重建decoration [dekə'reɪʃ(ə)n] n. 装饰unable [ʌn'eɪb(ə)l] adj. 不能的feather ['feðə] n. 羽毛△ fairly ['feəlɪ] adv. 公平地；相当地in good/poor condition 状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）turkey ['tɜːkɪ] n. 火鸡claw [klɔː] n. 爪；脚爪adore [ə'dɔː] vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱hatch [hætʃ] vt. & vi. 孵出reasonable ['riːz(ə)nəb(ə)l] adj. 合情理的；Unit 3patent ['pæt(ə)nt; 'peɪt(ə)nt] n.专利;专利权call up 给……打电话courtyard ['kɔːtjɑːd] n. 院子；庭院；天井now and then 偶尔；有时distinguish [dɪ'stɪŋgwɪʃ] vi. & vt. 辨别merciful ['mɜːsɪfʊl; -f(ə)l] adj. 仁慈的product ['prɒdʌkt] n. 产品powder ['paʊdə] n. 粉末；火药set about 开始；着手perfume ['pɜːfjuːm] n. 香水；香味stainless ['steɪnlɪs] adj. 无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的cube [kjuːb] n. 立方体；立方cubic ['kjuːbɪk] adj. 立方的abrupt [ə'brʌpt] adj. 突然的；意外的abruptly [ə'brʌptli] adv. 突然地；唐突地convenient [kən'viːnɪənt] adj. 方便的caution ['kɔːʃ(ə)n] n. 小心；谨慎expectation [ekspek'teɪʃ(ə)n] n. 期望passive ['pæsɪv] adj. 消极的merry ['merɪ] adj. 愉快的；高兴的merrily ['merɪlɪ] adv. 高兴地；愉快地seize [siːz] vt. 抓住；捉住；夺△ recognition [rekəg'nɪʃ(ə)n] n. 认出criterion [kraɪ'tɪərɪən] n. (pl criteria)（评判的）标准；尺度△ claim [kleɪm] n. & vt. 要求；声称valid ['vælɪd] adj. 有效的；确凿的file [faɪl] n. 文件；档案vt. 提交；将……归档ripe [raɪp] adj. 熟的；成熟的string [strɪŋ] n. 线；绳子；一串glue [gluː] n. 胶水vt. 粘贴；粘合freezing ['friːzɪŋ] adj. 冰冻的；严寒的greengrocer ['griːngrəʊsə] n.果蔬商identification [aɪ,dentɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 辨认directory [dɪ'rekt(ə)rɪ; daɪ-] n. 电话簿dial ['daɪəl] vt. 拨（电话）rainfall ['reɪnfɔːl] n. 降雨△ courtroom ['kɔːtruːm] n. 法庭；审判室innocent ['ɪnəs(ə)nt] adj. 清白的；天真的lantern ['læntən] n. 灯笼；提灯bear [beə] vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担jam [dʒæm] n. 堵塞；阻塞；果酱microphone ['maɪkrəfəʊn] n. 麦克风；话筒forehead ['fɔːhed; 'fɒrɪd] n. 额头beaten track 被踩出来的路；常规；惯例occasionally [ə'keɪʒ(ə)n(ə)lɪ] adv. 偶然地dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入dynamic [daɪ'næmɪk] adj. 充满活力的set out (to do) 开始（做）multiple ['mʌltɪpl] adj. 多种的；多样的dot [dɒt] n. 点；小圆点tap [tæp] vt. 轻打；轻拍wire [waɪə] n. 金属丝；电线straw [strɔː] n. 稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管reproduce [riːprə'djuːs] vt. 复制current ['kʌr(ə)nt] n. （水或气）流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的helicopter ['helɪkɒptə] n. 直升飞机triangle ['traɪæŋg(ə)l] n. 三角形；三角形物体stable ['steɪb(ə)l] adj. 稳固的invaluable [ɪn'væljʊ(ə)b(ə)l] adj. 无价的associate [ə'səʊʃɪeɪt] vt. 联系 n. 同伴practical ['præktɪk(ə)l] adj. 实际的;实用的refrigerator [rɪ'frɪdʒəreɪtə] n. 冰箱court [kɔːt] n. 法庭；法院extension [ɪk'stenʃ(ə)n] n. 电话分机；扩大hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障get through 接通（电话）；（设法）做完；通过ring back 回复电话ring off 挂断电话version ['vɜːʃ(ə)n] n. 版本competence ['kɔmpitəns] n. 能力；本领competent ['kɒmpɪt(ə)nt] n. 能胜任的jeep [dʒiːp] n. 吉普车personnel [pɜːsə'nel] n. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员Unit 4adaptation [ædəp'teɪʃ(ə)n] n. 适应（性）；改编本classic ['klæsɪk] adj. 经典的；第一流的caption['kæpʃ(ə)n]n. （图片上的）说明文字；（电视、电影）字幕；（杂志等文章的）标题；题目plot [plɒt] n. 情节；阴谋professor [prə'fesə] n. 教授phonetics [fə'netɪks] n. 语音学colonel ['kɜːn(ə)l] n. （陆军）上校fateful ['feɪtfʊl; -f(ə)l]adj. 重要的；决定性的；命中注定的whistle ['wɪs(ə)l] vi. 吹口哨；发出汽笛声n. 口哨声；汽笛声garment ['gɑːm(ə)nt] n. （一件）衣服（外套、裙、袍等）（pl）服装woollen ['wʊlən]adj. 毛纺的；纯毛的（<美>woolen）hesitate ['hezɪteɪt] vi. 犹豫；踌躇uncomfortable [ʌn'kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l] adj. 不舒服的uncomfortably [ʌn'kʌmftəbli] adv.不舒服的troublesome ['trʌb(ə)ls(ə)m] adj. 带来麻烦的；使人心烦的wallet ['wɒlɪt] n. 皮夹；钱包outcome [aʊtsʌm] n. 结果；效果thief [θiːf] n. 小偷；贼handkerchief ['hæŋkətʃɪf] n. 手帕；手绢；纸巾disguise [dɪs'gaɪz] vt&n. 伪装in disguise 伪装（的）；假扮（的）mistaken [mɪ'steɪk(ə)n] adj. 错误的brilliant ['brɪlj(ə)nt] adj. 光辉的；杰出的classify ['klæsɪfaɪ] vt. 分类；归类remark [rɪ'mɑːk] n&v. 谈论；言论；评述betray [bɪ'treɪ] vt. 背叛upper ['ʌpə] adj. （位置或地位）较高的；extraordinary[ɪk'strɔːd(ə)n(ə)rɪ]adj.非凡的condemn [kən'dem] vi. 谴责；使……注定gutter ['gʌtə] n. 排水沟；阴沟；贫民区properly ['prɒp(ə)lɪ] adv. 适当地；恰当地pass … off as … （把某人）冒充成……ambassador [æm'bæsədə] n. 大使；使节make one’s acquaintance 结识handful ['hæn(d)fʊl; -f(ə)l] n. 一把；少量amazement [ə'meɪzm(ə)nt] n. 惊讶；惊愕in amazement 震惊；惊讶fortune ['fɔːtʃuːn] n. 机会；运气；财富authentic [ɔː'θentɪk] adj. 真实的；真正的generally speaking 一般来说status ['steɪtəs] n. 身份；地位；职位superior [suː'pɪərɪə; sjuː-] adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的 n. 上级；长官in terms of … 就……来说；从……角度disapprove [dɪsə'pruːv] vt. & vi. 不赞成rob [rɒb] vt. 抢劫；盗窃；剥夺antique [æn'tiːk] adj. 古时的n. 文物；古董musical ['mjuːzɪk(ə)l] adj. 音乐的stocking ['stɒkɪŋ] n. 长袜believer [bɪ'livɚ] n. 信徒；教徒vowel ['vaʊəl] n. 元音；元音字母cookie ['kʊkɪ] n. 饼干teapot ['tiːpɒt] n. 茶壶cream [kriːm] n. 奶油；面霜nail [neɪl] n. 指甲；钉子show … in 带或领……进来wax [wæks] n. 蜡；蜜蜡disk [dɪsk] n. 磁盘wax disk 旧式唱片shabby ['ʃæbɪ] adj. 破旧的；寒酸的referee [refə'riː] n. 裁判员；仲裁者compromise[‘kɒmprəmaɪz]n.&vi.妥协;折衷horrible ['hɒrəb(ə)l] adj. 可怕的；恐怖的laundry ['lɔːndrɪ] n. 洗衣店；洗衣房；bathtub ['bɑːθtʌb] n. 浴缸；澡盆sob [sɒb] vi&n. 啜泣；抽噎waist [weɪst] n. 腰；腰部vest [vest] n. 背心；内衣disgusting [dɪs'gʌstɪŋ] adj. 使人反感的once more 再一次in need of 需要……heartily ['hɑːtɪlɪ] adv. 尽情地；热心地overlook [əʊvə'lʊk] vt. 俯视；忽视alphabet ['ælfəbet] n. 字母表effective [ɪ'fektɪv] adj. 有效的fade [feɪd] vi. & vt. 褪色；逐渐消失fade out （声音、画面）逐渐模糊；渐淡Unit 5identify [aɪ'dentɪfaɪ] vt. 识别；鉴别alternative [ɔːl'tɜːnətɪv; ɒl-] n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的archaeology [,ɑːkɪ'ɒlədʒɪ] n. 考古学starvation [stɑː'veɪʃn] n. 挨饿；饿死tentative ['tentətɪv] adj. 试探性的accuracy ['ækjʊrəsɪ] n. 精确；准确excavate ['ekskəveɪt] vt. 挖掘；发掘excavation [ekskə'veɪʃ(ə)n] n. 挖掘；发掘interrupt [ɪntə'rʌpt] vt. & vi. 打断…讲话acute [ə'kjuːt] adj. 敏锐的；严重的assume [ə'sjuːm] vt. 假定；设想regardless [rɪ'gɑːdlɪs] adv. 不管；不顾regardless of 不管；不顾mat [mæt] n. 席子；垫子quilt [kwɪlt] n. 被子；棉被beast [biːst] n. 野兽at most 至多；最多centimetre ['sentɪmiːtə] n. 厘米sharpen ['ʃɑːp(ə)n] vi. & vt. （使）锋利；sharpener ['ʃɑːpənə] n. 磨具；削具cut up 切碎scrape [skreɪp] vt. 擦净；削平；磨光scraper ['skreɪpə] n. 刮刀；刮削器ample ['æmp(ə)l] adj. 足够的；充足的messy ['mesɪ] adj. 凌乱的；脏的primitive ['prɪmɪtɪv] adj. 原始的；远古的botany ['bɒt(ə)nɪ] n. 植物学botanical [bə'tænɪkl] adj. 植物学的analysis [ə'nælɪsɪs] n. (pl analyses) 分析seashell ['siːʃel] n. 海贝壳ripen ['raɪp(ə)n] vt. & vi. 成熟category ['kætɪg(ə)rɪ] n. 种类；类别；范畴significance [sɪg'nɪfɪk(ə)ns] n. 重要性somehow ['sʌmhaʊ] adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地systematic [sɪstə'mætɪk] adj. 有系统的spit [spɪt] v. 吐出delete [dɪ'liːt] vt. 删；删除album ['ælbəm] n. 相册；集邮册；唱片scratch [skrætʃ] n&v.搔；挠academy [ə'kædəmɪ] n. 学院；学会；学术receptionist [rɪ'sepʃ(ə)nɪst] n. 接待员onion ['ʌnjən] n. 洋葱kindergarten ['kɪndə,gɑːt(ə)n] n. 幼儿园skateboard ['skeɪtbɔːd] n. 滑板fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦yogurt ['jɒgət; 'jəʊ-] n. 酸乳酪；酸奶radioactive [,reɪdɪəʊ'æktɪv] adj.放射性的radioactivity [,reɪdɪəʊæk'tɪvɪtɪ] n. 放射性division [dɪ'vɪʒ(ə)n] n. 分割；分界线melon ['melən] n. （各种）瓜wrinkle ['rɪŋk(ə)l] n. 皱纹pulse [pʌls] vi. 跳动n. 脉搏；节拍vein [veɪn] n. 血管；静脉applaud [ə'plɔːd] vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏look ahead 向前看；为将来打算howl [haʊl] vt. & vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫accelerate [ək'seləreɪt] vi. & vt. 加速spear [spɪə] n. 矛；枪arrest [ə'rest] vt. 逮捕；吸引dizzy ['dɪzɪ] adj. 晕眩的；昏乱的eyebrow ['aibrau] n. 眉毛cheekbone ['tʃiːkbəʊn] n. 颧骨arrowhead ['ærəʊhed] n. 箭头axe [æks] n. 斧；斧子hammer ['hæmə] n. 铁锤；锤子gay [geɪ] adj. 快乐的；欢快的gaily ['geɪlɪ] adv. 快乐地；轻松地skilful ['skɪlfʊl] adj. 有技巧的；熟练的date back 追溯到……punctuation [pʌŋ(k)tʃʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 标点符号worship ['wɝʃɪp] vt. & n. 崇拜；敬奉craftsmanship ['krɑːf(t)smənʃɪp] n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作。

2019高考英语专题复习讲义：选修8全册71页

选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity1majority n ．大多数；大半Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.(教材P 2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向本地人传授天主教。

(1)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ a/the majority of 大多数……in a/the majority 占大多数/大部分 (2)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ minority n .少数in a/the minority 占少数 (3)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧major n .& v .专业；主修major in 主修……；以……为专业①Great Britain became the first urban society in history —a society in which a/the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.英国成为历史上第一个都市社会——一种多数人居住在城市而不以务农为生的社会。

②78 percent of volunteers were female, the majority of whom were (be) between 20 and 40 years of age.78%的志愿者是女性，其中大多数年龄在20岁到40岁之间。

③I graduated from Beijing Normal University and majored in information management. 我毕业于北京师范大学信息管理专业。

④The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。

人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]复习动词时态

人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]复习动词时态人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习复习动词时态概念引入动词的时态是英语中最重要的语法项目，也是高考重点热点之一，在英语句子中也是随处可见、随时要用的。

从学英语我们就开始学习和应用动词的时态，而在高二最后一个语法复习中，我们将重点学习现在完成进行时，并小结一下动词常用的10种时态形式及其用法。

先看下面句子：1. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England, who are interested inarchaeology.2.We’ve been excavating here for many years and ...3. We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as toolsand other objects.4. Did they wear clothes made entirely of animal skins?5. An archaeologist is showing them round.这些句子中斜体词部分都是句子的谓语，谓语当然都有自己的时态。

句1是一般现在时，句2是现在完成进行时，句3是现在完成时，句4是一般过去时，句5是现在进行时。

例句中涉及到的时态只是时态的一部分，下面我们先学习本单元重点语法-----现在完成进行时。

由于篇幅限制，简单的例句将不提供汉语释义。

用法讲解现在完成进行时Ⅰ. 构成：have/ has＋been＋动词?ing (第三人称单数用has，其他用have) Ⅱ. 用法：现在完成进行时主要表示从过去某一时刻开始到现在一段时间里一直进行的动作，此动作可能仍在进行，也可能刚刚完成。

人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]-Unit-4-Pygmalion语言点

人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习Unit 4 Pygmalion语言点学习目标重点词汇mistaken, hesitate, classify, betray, acquaintance, superior disgusting, remark, condemn, compromise, overlook-重点短语in terms of, pass off... as..., fade out, show... in, in amazement,once more, in need of重点句型What if...generally speaking一族|知识讲解重点词汇mistaken【原句回放】There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I’m not mistaken. 好了吧，你呀，如果我没有弄错的话，你出生在里森格罗佛。

【点拨】mistaken adj. 错的，误解的If you thought she intended to be rude, you were mistaken.如果你认为她是有意粗鲁的，就错了。

(The minister doesn’t use simple plain language, and what he says is often mistaken.那位大臣不用简单平实的语言，他所说的经常是错的。

【拓展】mistake n.错误，过失，误会vt. & vi. 误会，误解（mistook，mistaken）常见搭配：make a mistake 犯错误by mistake错误地mistake...for 误认为There must be some mistakes in this bill. Please add up the figures again..账单一定有错，请再加一遍数字。

2019版高考英语第一部分选修8...

2019版高考英语第一部分选修8...(对应学生用书第206页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．distinguish v i.&v t.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺3．file n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt. 提交；将……归档4．dial vt. 拨(电话)5．bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担6．tap v t.&v i.轻打；轻拍；轻敲n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7．stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的8．patent n. 专利证书；专利权9．stainless adj. 无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的10．passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的11．criterion n. (评判的)标准；尺度12．valid adj. 有效的；确凿的13．ripe adj. 熟的；成熟的14．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的15．current n. (水或气)流；电流adj. 现在的；当前的16．version n. 版本；译本17．competence n. 能力；胜任；本领Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．mercy n．宽大；仁慈→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的→merciless adj.残忍的；无情的2．abrupt adj.突然的；意外的→abruptly ad v.突然地；唐突地3．convenience n．便利；方便→convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→inconvenient adj.不方便的；引起麻烦的4．caution n．小心；谨慎→cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的→cautiously ad v.小心地；谨慎地5．expect v t.&v i.预料；期待；期望；认为→expectation n．预料；期待；期望6．merry adj.愉快的；高兴的→merrily ad v.高兴地；愉快地7．freeze v．冰冻→frozen adj.冻结的→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的8．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocence n．天真；清白9．associate v t.联想；联系n．同伴；伙伴→association n．协会；社团；联合；联想10．practise n．&v.练习；实习→practical adj.实际的；实践的Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．Tom was angry at her abrupt manner，so he left abruptly．(abrupt)2．We had expected that he wouldn't come to our party，but his sudden appearance was beyond our expectation．He made our party full of laughter as expected．(expect) 3．In this freezing weather，two men were frozen to death on the mountain.(freeze) 4．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution．You should get on with him cautiously．(caution)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．call_up给……打电话2．now_and_then 偶尔；有时3．set_about 开始；着手4．dive_into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入5．set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)6．hang_on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7．out_of_order 次序颠倒；发生故障8．get_through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9．ring_back 回复电话10．ring_off 挂断电话Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．Having made up his mind, he set_about carrying out the plan.2．If you hang_on for a while, I will go and see if I can find your mother.3．The thief dived his hand into my handbag and robbed the wallet and ran away. 4．I checked the files and some of the papers were out_of_order．You had better sort them out.5．The girl goes to visit her English teacher now_and_then who retired from school last year.6．We were very glad when we heard that you had got_through your exam.[拓展联想][句式结构仿写](对应学生用书第207页)精讲4个考纲单词distinguish vi.&vt.辨别；显示……的差别；使……有所不同[教材原句]Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不会伤害到它们。

(48套)2019高考英语复习考点复习汇总必修1-选修8 知识点全汇总附答案 (396页) (2)(打包下载)

（48套）2019高考英语复习考点复习汇总必修1至选修8 附答案Module 1My First Day at Senior High一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．academic adj.学术的2．system n. 制度；体系；系统3．previous adj. 以前的；从前的4．teenager n. 少年[第二屏听写]5．website n．网站；网址6．brilliant adj. (口语)极好的7．comprehension n. 理解；领悟8．diploma n. 文凭；毕业证书Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．province n．省2．enthusiastic adj. 热心的3．amazing adj. 令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的4．information n. 信息5．instruction n. (常作复数)指示；说明[第四屏听写]6．method n．方法7．bored adj. 厌烦的；厌倦的8．embarrassed adj. 尴尬的；难堪的；困窘的9．attitude_ n. 态度10．behaviour n. 行为；举动[第五屏听写] 11．description n. 记述；描述12．amazed adj. 吃惊的；惊讶的13．embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的；令人难堪的14．technology n. 技术15．impress v t. 使印象深刻[第六屏听写] 16．correction n．改正；纠正17．encouragement_ n. 鼓励；激励18．enjoyment_ n. 享受；乐趣19．fluency n. 流利；流畅20．misunderstanding n. 误解[第七屏听写] 21．disappointed adj.失望的22．disappointing adj. 令人失望的23．disappear v i. 消失24．move v i. 搬家25．assistant n. 助手；助理[第八屏听写]26．cover v t.包含27．in_other_words 换句话说28．look_forward_to 期待；盼望29．at_the_start_of 在……开始的时候[第九屏听写]30．at_the_end_of在……结束的时候31．go_to_college 上大学32．be_divided_into 被(划)分成……33．take_part_in 参加二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关) (一)核心单词(二)常用短语(四)初中考点再回顾一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．attitude n ．态度；看法；姿态；姿势[教材原句] Describe your attitude to studying English. 描述一下你对学英语的态度。

(完整版)人教高中英语选修八全册重点单词解析unit1unit2unit3unit4unit5

Unit1 a land of diversity1.illustrate v. 说明, 阐明, 图解, 配图The company's bank statements illustrate its success. 这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。

This diagram will illustrate what I mean. 这个图表可说明我的意思She decides to use charts and diagrams to illustrate. 她决定用图表来说明。

Let me illustrate. 让我举出这样一个例子来illustrate by facts 用事实说明Illustrate five of your words. 图解你的五个单词The publisher will illustrate the book .那个出版商将给这本书配图。

illustrated adj. 有插图的illustrative adj. 解说性的,说明性的illustration n. 1.（书、杂志等中的）插图, 图表, 图案例证, 实例; 说明, 图解, 图示Here is another illustration: 这是另外一个例子。

Acting or serving as an illustration. 作为解释说明的Take an airline as an illustration. 以航空公司为例子.2.distinct adj. 截然不同的; 清晰的,明显的Those two ideas are quite distinct. 这两个主意完全不同。

Gold is distinct from iron. 金在性质上不同于铁。

There is a distinct improvement in your spoken English. 你的英语口语有明显的进步。

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（5套）2019年高考英语人教版选修8（全册）知识点汇总Unit 1 A land of di v ersity一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．strait n．海峡2．Arctic adj.北极的；北极区的3．the Arctic 北极4．ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责5．federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的[第二屏听写]6．nephew n．侄子；外甥7．aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机8．vice n．& adj.代理；副职9．shave v t.&v i.刮；剃10．tram n. (有轨)电车11．bakery n. 面包房；面包厂[第三屏听写]12．ferry n．渡船；渡口v t.摆渡；渡运13．seagull n. 海鸥14．cattle n. 牛(总称)15．mourn v t.&v i.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛16．authority n. 权威；权力(pl.) 当局；官方Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第四屏听写]1．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的2．distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著3．immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民4．immigrate v i.移入(外国定居)5．immigration n. 移民；移居入境6．means_ n. 手段；方法7．majority_ n. 大多数；大半[第五屏听写]8．despite prep.尽管；不管9．hardship n. 苦难；困苦10．elect v t.选择；决定做某事；选举某人11．boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣v i.处于经济迅速发展时期12．racial adj.人种的；种族的13．crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道[第六屏听写]14．rail n．铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条15．percentage n. 百分比；百分率16．pole n. 地极；电极；磁极17．applicant n. 申请人18．customs n. 海关；关税；进口税19．socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的[第七屏听写]20．socialism n．社会主义21．occur v i.发生；出现22．indicate v t.指出；标示；表明；暗示23．luggage n. 行李(〈美〉baggage) 24．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的25．apparently ad v. 显然地；显而易见地26．brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器v i.&v t.刹(车)；用制动器减速[第八屏听写]27．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥28．slip v i.滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑动；滑倒29．hire v t.& n. 租用；雇用30．fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的31．angle n. 角；角度32．nowhere ad v. 无处；到处都无[第九屏听写]33．punishment n．处罚；惩罚34．justice n. 正义；公平35．civil adj.公民的；国内的；民间的36．reform v t.&v i.改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良37．grasp v t.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会38．thoughtful adj.关切的；体贴的；深思的[第十屏听写]39．insert v t.插入；嵌入40．thankful adj.感激的；感谢的41．a_great/good_many 许多；很多42．keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) 43．live_on 继续存在；继续生存44．by_means_of_... 用……办法；借助……[第十一屏听写]45．make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等46．back_to_back 背靠背47．apply_for 申请；请示得到48．mark_out 用线画出范围；标出……界线49．take_in 包括；吸收50．team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关)(一)核心单词一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．majority n．大多数；大半[教材原句]Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。

单句语法填空①A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.②The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.单句改错③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in补全句子④The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。

[名师指津]the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。

2．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人[教材原句]By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。

①Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015·陕西高考书面表达)②If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students' after-class activities.3．occur vi.发生；出现[经典例句]It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。

单句语法填空①A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.句型转换②It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.→It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.4．hire n．& vt.租用；雇用[教材原句]Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。

①There are many bicycles on hire in this area.②There are three small boats available for hire.③David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didn't need it himself.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．When it comes to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.2．She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.3．It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.4．With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.5．The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)．6．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.7．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.8．Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.9．Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow upmentally and physically.10．A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.Ⅱ.单句改错1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.has→have2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were3．Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thank→thankful4．We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of5．In fact, I didn't realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the 6．There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywhere→nowhere7．I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for 8．With the boomed population, the competition is heating up for job hunters.boomed→boomingⅢ.根据提示词补全句子1．镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。