MTI考试——政府工作报告热词翻译

政府工作报告热词——宏观经济篇从紧货币政策 tight monetary policy稳健财政政策 prudent fiscal policy宏观经济调控 macroeconomic regulation政府临时调控 government interim intervention经济增长模式 mode of economic development固定资产投资反弹 a resurgence in fixed asset investment货币信贷投放仍然偏多 continued excessive supplies of money and credit流动性过剩 excessive liquidity转型过程 transformation process行政手段 administrative measures螺旋式通胀 spiraling inflation通胀压力 inflationary pressure抑制通胀to hold down inflation次贷危机 subprime mortgage crisis经济剧烈波动 drastic fluctuations in the economy经济过热 economic overheating防止经济过热to prevent the economy from overheating促进结构调整和协调发展 to promote structural adjustment and balanced development减轻弱势群体负担 ease the burden on the disadvantaged group增加对薄弱环节、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出 to increase expenditures necessary "to shore up weak links, improve people's lives and deepen reform"政府工作报告热词——就业篇严厉打击非法用工 to severely punish illegal employment加强劳动争议处理 to improve the handling of labor disputes加强劳动保障监察 to improve oversight for worker protection measures就业促进法Employment Promotion Law劳动合同法Labor Contract Law城镇登记失业率 registered urban unemployment rate鼓励创业 to encourage business startups公共就业服务体系 public employment service system完善再就业扶持政策 to improve the aid system for job seekers“零就业”家庭 zero-employment families就业机会 employment opportunities非农产业 nonagricultural sectors失业保险制度 unemployment insurance system劳动力总量大增 a large increase in the total workforce支持创办小型企业 to support citizens to establish small enterprises鼓励自谋职业和自主创业to encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businesses 加强就业和创业培训 to strengthen vocational training and training in how to start a business 城乡劳动者平等就业制度 an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally落实促进残疾人就业政策 to carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities建立帮助零就业家庭解决就业困难长效机制 to create a permanent mechanism to help zero-employment families find jobs通过加强就业和创业培训，鼓励自谋职业和自主创业，以及支持创办小型企业来扩大就业 to expand employment "by encouraging and training business start-ups, strengthening job training, encouraging people to find jobs on their own, and supporting the establishment of small enterprises政府工作报告热词——国企篇国有企业 state owned enterprises (SOEs)主要产业 core business税收贡献 tax contributions民航 civil aviation所有制结构 ownership structure发展大型粮食基地 to develop large grain production bases国有资产所有权转移 transferring ownership of state-owned assets完善所有制结构 to improve ownership structure实行政策性关闭破产 to carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies建立国有资本经营预算制度 to set up a budget system for managing state capital国有企业资产总额 the total value of assets of state owned enterprises (SOEs)国有资产管理体制改革 reform of the management system for state-owned assets国有经济布局与结构调整 adjustment of the distribution and structure of the state sector建立和完善国有资产出资人制度 to set up and improved a system for investors of state assets 引入国有企业股份制 to institute a stockholding system in SOEs邮政体制改革 reform of the postal service system振兴老工业基地战略 strategy of rejuvenating the old industrial bases国有企业改革改组改造 reforming, reorganizing and upgrading SOEs深化国有企业股份制改革 to deepen the reform to convert SOEs into stockholding corporations 加强公司化管理 to improve corporate governance实行政策引导关闭和破产 to carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies加快资源枯竭型城市经济转型to transform the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation扩大建立国有资产管理预算系统试点 to expand the experiment of setting up a budget system for managing state capital引入竞争，加强政府管理和公共监督，深化垄断企业改革 to deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition and strengthening government regulation and public supervision严格国有资产转化为股份制企业的标准程序 to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies资源型城市经济转型试点 to transform the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation 严格规范国有企业改制和国有产权转让，防止国有资产流失to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned assets to prevent their erosion主辅分离，辅业改制 to separate SOE's secondary businesses from their core businesses and covert the former into independent company政府工作报告热词——能源、环境篇能源消耗 energy consumption清洁、可再生能源 clean and renewable energy sources化学需氧量 chemical oxygen demand节能减排目标 targets for saving energy and reducing emissions节能减排技术 energy conservation and emission reduction technologies淘汰落后生产企业 to close down backward production facilities加强先进生产能力建设 to develop advanced production facilities城市污水处理能力 urban sewage treatment capacity重点流域的污染防治 pollution control in major river valleys and regions农村饮用水rural drinking water安全饮用水 safe drinking water污染物排放 emissions of pollutants资源节约型、环境友好型社会 a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society抓好重点企业节能和重点工程建设to focus on energy conservation in key enterprises and construction of key projects产品质量安全标准制定和修订the formulation or updating of national standards for the safety of food products, drugs and other consumer goods落实电力、钢铁、水泥、煤炭、造纸等行业淘汰落后生产能力计划 implement the plan to close down backward production facilities in the electricity, steel, cement, coal and papermaking industries 纠正招商引资中违法违规的做法 to correct illegal practices for attracting foreign investmen限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分资源性外资项目 to limit or ban foreign investment in projects that are energy intensive or highly polluting, limit or ban foreign investment in some areas of resource exploitation提高重点流域水污染物的国家排放标准。