初中英语五种时态讲解

初中英语五种时态讲解

一、一般现在时。

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况

1、基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。

否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+V原+其他。I usually go to school by bus.

主语（三单）+V三单

疑问句：Do+主语+V原……？Does+主语（三单）+ V原……？

否定句：主语+don’t + V原. 主语（三单）+ doesn’t + V原.

2、用法：

1、表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。I usually go to school by bus.

2、表示客观真理、事实。The earth goes around the sun.

3、在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。( if, as soon as, until, when)

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. When I grow up, I’ll go to Paris.

3、时间状语：

Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, in the morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day等

例题：

1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.

2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon.

3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.

4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time.

5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.

6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three.

7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green.

8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun.

9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.

10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.

11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.

12. I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back.

13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) reading it.

14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.

⑵一般过去时。

1、⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got up late this morning.

⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。

When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.

2、结构：

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+ V过去+其他。

疑问句：Did+主语+ V原……？

否定句：主语+didn’t+ V原……。

3、动词的规则变化。

4、时间状语：Yesterday, last night/week/year/month, last Sunday, in 1995, the other day, just now, ago等

例题：

1. He____(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.

2. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now.

3. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.

4. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.

5. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football.

6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).

⑶一般将来时。

①肯定句：

否定句：

(注：当主语为I 或we时，问句中可用shall) where shall we meet tomorrow?

②be going to+ V原表示计划、打算做某事。用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必

将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。be going to do 将要干某事

---what are you going to do next Sunday? ---I am going to listen to music.

Look at the clouds, there is going to rain.

③现在进行时be +Ving 有时可以表示将来。

常用这种结构的动词：go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive We’re leaving for London.

例题：