条件句ConditionalS
Conditionals-I-III-green95-02 (1)条件句
1. IF + PRESENT, WILL + VERB (Predictive Conditionals)
If she studies for the test, she will get a good grade She will get a good grade if she studies for the test. Also called the first conditional or the real conditional.
IF and THEN Clauses
• The word “then” is optional, but the clause is still the result of the condition. So it is a “THEN” clause, without the word “then.”
…You will loose your girlfriend / boyfriend
TYPE 1. ACTIVITY
1. IF + PRESENT, WILL + VERB PROMISES PROMISES…
If you give me a billion yuens… …you will get an A+ In advance English Grammar.
• THEN clauses present the results.
• Examples: … then I will see a movie. …. then he would work as a guide in China. … then they would have won the race.
语法课-条件句--Conditional
第四种类型：与过去事实相反的非真实条件句
基本形式:(If) had + -ed 分词 + (Main) would (could, might, etc) have + -ed 分词 Eg: We would / could / might have called you if we had known your telephone number. If we had caught that plane, we could have been taking part in the celebrations.
条件句 Conditional
条件句的结构：条件状语分句+主句
第一种类型：真实条件句 Real Conditional
1.表示普遍真理和客观事实 Eg: If you heat ice, it melts.
If you pour oil on water, it floats. 由上述诸例可以看出，凡表示不受时间限制的自然法则的条件句，其从句和主
如果不是闰年（leap year），二月份有多少天？ How many days are there in February if it is not a leap year? 如果这没有许多蚊子，晚会就十全十美了。 If there weren’t so many mosquitoes, it would be a perfect
在时： (If) simple present +(Main) simple present 3.表示过去习惯动作
Eg: If I was hungry, I usually had a full meal.
If I made a promise, I kept it. 在上述表示过去习惯动作的条件句中，从句和主句的谓语动词都用一般过去时：
conditionals 条件从句
• The first conditional uses the if/then structure and the words will, shall, can or may to convey the future action being considered.
If it rains tomorrow, I shall go to the movies.
Guess?
Zhong Ye 09301007
What are you doing?
Having a class…
If you were free,
what would you like to do ?
If you are hungry, what will you do?
Conditionals
3 If his parents ……………… (find out) earlier, Andrew would have spent less money.
4 If Andrew’s mother doesn’t pay, she ……………… (have to) go to prison. 5 Andrew ……………… (not get) into trouble if he hadn’t used his parents’ password. 6 If I ……………… (be) Andrew’s mother, I’d sell his computer.
If you had 1million dollars, what would you do?
• If I had 1 million dollars,….....
If you hadn’t been YUST, what would/ should you have done?
语法突破条件句的分类与应用
语法突破条件句的分类与应用条件句在英语中是非常常见的一种语法结构，它能有效地表达条件和结果之间的关系。
掌握条件句的正确使用，可以帮助我们在交流中更加准确和清晰地表达自己的意思。
本文将介绍条件句的分类和应用，帮助读者突破语法难关。
一、零条件句（Zero Conditionals）零条件句是用来描述普遍真理和客观事实的。
它的结构为：if + 现在时，现在时。
例如：If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.二、一般条件句（First Conditionals）一般条件句用来表示可能发生的情况和与现实生活相符合的结果。
它的结构为：if + 现在时，将来时。
例如：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.三、虚拟条件句（Second Conditionals）虚拟条件句用来表示与现实相反、不太可能实现的情况及其可能的结果。
它的结构为：if + 过去时，would + 动词原形。
例如：If I were rich, I would travel around the world.四、过去完成虚拟条件句（Third Conditionals）过去完成虚拟条件句用来表示过去某个假设条件下所产生的结果。
它的结构为：if + 过去完成时，would have + 过去分词。
例如：If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.五、倒装条件句（Inverted Conditionals）倒装条件句常用于表示某种情况下可能产生的结果。
它的结构为：Should/Were/Had + 主语，陈述句。
例如：Should you have any questions, please feel free to ask.六、混合条件句（Mixed Conditionals）混合条件句是将虚拟条件和现实条件结合起来，用来表示现在和过去之间的联系。
条件句第一讲：条件句的概述以及现在时态的条件句
条件句的概述：(1) 什么叫条件句？英文称作conditional sentences，指的是一个事实的发生需要依赖于另一个事实，也就是需要一个条件才能发生，所以叫条件句。
如果条件(condition) 存在，则结果(consequence) 发生condition consequence(2) 条件句的分类：条件句分为两种：真实条件句和虚拟条件句真实条件句(real conditional)：条件和结果在日常生活中都是真实发生的虚拟条件句(Unreal Conditional)：条件是假设的，想象的，通常都是不能实现的，换句话说，只能意淫，不能成真。
这里看好了，是条件是假设的，假设完条件，结果建立在一个虚拟条件下，为真。
(3) 引导词，由if和when引导，if考点较多区别点1：If：指单次发生，或者较少发生的条件。
比如我一年去小明家一次，那就用ifWhen：只习惯性发生的条件。
比如我经常去小明家，那就用when区别点2：If既可以用在真实条件句，也可以用在虚拟条件句When只能用在真实条件句(4) 从时态上来讲，分为四种：现在present过去past将来future混合mixed一个一个来看，讲法是先现在时态，分为真实，和虚拟，然后过去……现在条件句(Present Conditionals)1. 现在时态的真实条件句(Present Real Conditional)(1) 格式(form)[ If / When ... Simple Present ..., ... Simple Present ... ][ If / When + 一般现在时态, 一般现在时态][ ... Simple Present ... if / when ... Simple Present ... ][ 一般现在时态+ if / when + 一般现在时态](2) 用法：The Present Real Conditional is used to talk about what you normally do in real-life situations.现在时态的真实条件句用来谈论现实生活中现在你平时做的Examples:∙If I go to a friend's house for dinner, I usually take a bottle of wine or some flowers.(如果我去朋友家吃饭，通常我会带一瓶酒和一些鲜花过去。
Conditionals(虚拟条件句基础)(配北大教材)(1)
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
More examplห้องสมุดไป่ตู้s
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况。
1) If I were you, I should/would/could/might tell him the truth. (事实上我不是你） 2) If time permitted, he would/could/might write it again. (事实上时间不允许） 3) 要是你处于我的地位你会怎么办？ What would you do if you were in my place?
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况。
1) 昨天要是不生病，我是可能来上学的。 If I hadn’t been ill badly yesterday, I could /might have come to school. 2) 如果你听了我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错误。 If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.
Adverbial Clause of Condition
条件状语从句
If clause
Conditionals 条件句
条件句有两类，一类是
真实条件句，另一类是虚拟 条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是 真实条件句。谓语用陈述语气。 1) If you heat ice, it turns to water. 2) If it doesn’t rain later, we’ll climb the hill. 3) You won’t pass the exam unless you work hard.
conditionals语法讲义
• If you would reserve seats, we would be sure of a comfortable journey.‟ • If you would try Italian food, you would like it. • If you would kindly wait a moment, I‟ll see what I can do. • 在这里would，还是表示”意愿“，常用于客 气的请求
Conclusions:
Type Type 0 Pattern If…present… +main cl…present Example If the doorbell rings, the dog barks. Use 1.For a habitual activity or situation 2.For the automatic result of a possible future action
Should, will, would, were to 在条件 从句中的情况（有些语法书上称之为 type2、3条件句的变体形式）
• If it should rain again, the flowers will bloom. • If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him everything. • If I should be detained, start the program without me. • 在这里should仅仅表示一种不太肯定的婉转语 气，并不影响条件的真实性
Type 1
If…+present (will)…+main cl…+will
Es: in the if-clause, we If we don‟t hurry, we will miss the bus. can use will, other modal verbs If you‟ll wait, I‟ll help you. The past tense expresses an unreal or hypothetical condition. We use the past perfect to talk about what didn‟t happen, to refer to something, unreal action.
conditionals 逻辑
conditionals 逻辑1.引言1.1 概述概述条件语句是逻辑推理中的重要概念，它用于表达一种假设和结果之间的关系。
在我们的日常生活中，我们经常会遇到各种条件语句的应用，无论是在逻辑思维中，还是在数学、计算机科学等领域中。
条件语句主要由两个部分组成：一个条件和一个结果。
条件是一个前提，它描述了一种假设或者情况。
而结果则是基于这个条件的推论或者效果。
条件语句的基本形式可以表示为：“如果条件成立，那么结果发生”。
在逻辑学中，条件语句也被称为命题之间的关系。
根据条件与结果之间的关系，条件语句可以分为不同的类型，如“如果-那么”语句、“当-时”语句、或者“除非-否则”语句等。
每种类型的条件语句都有其独特的用途和逻辑规则。
条件语句在逻辑推理中起着重要的作用。
它们帮助我们建立起因果关系，从而推导出新的结论。
通过分析条件与结果之间的逻辑关系，我们可以进行逻辑推理和演绎，从而更好地理解事物之间的联系和规律。
本文将详细介绍条件语句的定义和基本概念，包括条件语句的分类和用法。
我们将探讨条件语句在逻辑推理中的应用，并总结条件语句在逻辑推理中的重要性。
通过阅读本文，读者将对条件语句有更清晰的认识，并能够运用条件语句进行逻辑推理和思维分析。
1.2 文章结构文章结构部分的内容可以包括以下内容：在本篇长文中，我们将从以下几个方面来探讨条件语句在逻辑推理中的重要性和应用。
首先，我们会对条件语句的定义和基本概念进行介绍，包括条件语句的形式和含义。
然后，我们会详细讨论条件语句的分类和用法，包括条件语句的种类以及它们在不同情况下的应用方法。
在引言部分，我们将对本文的主题进行概述，引出条件语句的重要性和逻辑推理的背景。
我们还会介绍文章的结构和目的，使读者能够清晰地了解本文的内容和框架。
在正文部分的第一部分，我们将详细介绍条件语句的定义和基本概念。
我们会解释什么是条件语句，以及它们在逻辑推理中的作用。
我们会探讨条件语句的形式和含义，以及它们与其他逻辑概念的关系。
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Example: If you work hard, you will succeed.
If a boy looks at me, I am flattered.
There are four main types of conditional patterns.
Type I : whenever-type real conditional Type II : probable real conditional Type III : improbable unreal conditional Type IV : imaginary unreal conditional
3. do not have breakfast, hungry Answer
34.4 Type III: Improbable Unreal Conditional
Used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in the future.
Exercise 1
如果核武器用于世界大战，世界就会毁 灭。
If nuclear weapons are employed in a world war, the world will be destroyed.
Exercise 2
Make up a sentence using the following phrases.
I keep it. she often walked to work.
34.3 Type II : Probable Real Conditional
Used for talking about possibilities in the present or in the future.
If clause Simple Present
Conditional sentences consist of 2 parts one that expresses the condition
– Introduced by the word “if”, commonly known as “if clause”.
one that expresses the consequence.
say “bored”.
34.5 Type IV: Imaginary Unreal Conditional
Used for talking about unreal situations in the past
If clause (If) had ed-participle
main clause
Example lazy, fail in exam
If you’re lazy, you’ll be failed in the exam.
1. not rain tomorrow, go for a picnic Answer
2. go to school on foot, late
Answer
34.2 Type I : whenever-type real conditional
Use: to denote universal truths or general validity
to denote present habitual actions
to denote past habitual actions
If clause Simple Past
main clause
would infinitive could infinitive might infinitive
If I had a day off from work I would go to the beach.
next week,
I could go to the beach.
Conditional Sentence 条件句
Key Points
– Type I ~Type IV Conditionals – Mixed Conditionals – Replacing if – Omitting if – if vs. when; in case vs. if
34.1 Introduction
If=when/whenever/every time
If clause Simple present Simple past If you pour oil on water,
If I make nice,
main clause Simple present Simple past it floats.
Exercise 4
I might go to the beach.
Exercise 3
年龄大的人如果离开农场，就会发现找份 工作很难。
The older men would find it difficult to get a job if they left the farm.
如果要问我的感受的话，我就会说“烦” If I were asked to define my condition, I’d
would have ed-participle. could have ed-participle. might have ed-participle.
If I had studied,
I would have passed the exams. I could have passed the exams. I might have passed the exams.
main clause
will-future imperative modal + infinitive
If I study, If you see John tonight, If Ben gets up early
I will pass the exams. tell him to e-mail me. he can catch the bus.