比较级和最级的用法

比较级和最高级的用法

英语句子中，将比较两个主体相比较的方法叫做“比较句型”。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加：其中，像“A比B更……”的表达方式称为比较级；而“A最……”的表达方式则称为最高级。

基本比较句型

一、两者相比（甲=乙，表示甲和乙一样）用“甲as+原级+as乙”句型

1、 Tom is as tall as Mike.

2、（倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+ as）

This rope is three times as long as that one.

3、（倍数+ the + n. + of）

This rope is three times the length of that one.

二、两者相比（甲<乙，表示甲不如乙）用“甲+not as(so) +原级+as+乙”或“less than”表示

1、I didn’t do my homework so(as) carefully as you.

2、The picture is less attractive than that one.

三、两者相比（甲>乙，表示甲比乙强）用“甲+比较级+than+乙”表示

1、O ur city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.

2、T his rope is three times longer than that one.

（倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than）

注意：

①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。

a)The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

b)It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

c)His shirt is more expensive than mine(my shirt).(如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词.)

d)He is older than me.（than是介词，后面是人称代词时用宾格）

e)Skiing is more exciting than skating. (比较对象可以是名词，短语，从句)

②为了避免重复，在从句中常用one, that, those等词来代替前面提过的名词。

The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.

③比较级前一般不用冠词，但若表示“两者中较……时”。比较级前要加定冠词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。

E.g. 他是两者中较高的一个

He is the taller of the two.

她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。

How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.

④比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。

⑤如果形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，一般将不定冠词a/an 放在形容词之后。

Our neighbour has _____ ours.

A. as a big house as

B. as big a house as

C. the same big house as

D. house the same big as

⑥在含有or 的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim 还是Tom?

四、 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the +最高级”的结构表示。

1、Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.

2、He works (the) hardest in his class.

3、That was the least exciting football game I ’ve ever watched. 注意： ①用形容词比较级的否定形式，从反面来表示最高级，通常译为“没有比……比较级+than+ any other + 单数名词

all the other + 复数名词

anyone else

any of the other + 复数名

更……”

No other book has a greater effect on my life.

没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。

=This book has the greatest effect on my life.

考例：—Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

_____. I love getting close to nature.

A.I couldn’t agree more

B. I’m afraid not.

C.I believe not

D.I don’t think so.

②最高级前必须用定冠词the,当最高级的前面无限定词the或有不定冠词a/an 时，仅表示“很……，非常……”

Monday is my busiest day.

星期一是我很忙的一天。

Qingdao is a most (very) beautiful coastal city.

青岛是一个非常美丽的海滨城市。

③句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class.

他在我们班里是最高的。

④使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.