(全英文论文)希斯克利夫病态人格的成因分析
A Brief Analysis of Heathcliff’s Characters in Wuthering Heights
A Brief Analysis of Heathcliff’s Characters inWuthering Heights简要分析《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫的性格ContentsAbstract1Key words1I Introduction21 The background of the era and the writer22 Purpose of the paper2II Literature Review4III Plot Summary5IV The Reasons for Heathcliff to Form His Special Characters71 The nature and social environment72 The love between Heathecliff and Catherine93 The special characters dooms the special fate9V Conclusion10References11A Brief Analysis of Heathcliffs Characters in Wuthering HeightsAbstract This paper discusses several reasons for Heathcliff to form his special characters as follows the special natural environment and social environment that created the special characters of Heathcliff who was a powerful and villainous man capable of extreme cruelties And it was the special characters that doomed his special fate On the other hand the love between Heathcliff and Catherine was so overwhelmingly strong that Catherines betrayal forced Heathcliff to take the extreme measures to get revenge to Catherine and the society The writer Emily Bronte lived in such an era when Britain was in the social turbulence of the times Although Emily Bronte never participated in any campaign this spirit had affected her This thesis described the process and the reasons for Heathcliff to form his characters in order to expose how the capitalist society put a man into an evil person When Heathcliff realized that it was the money and the social position that result in his loss of dignity especially the love of Catherine He decided to use cruel punishment or treatment to anyone who had relationship with Catherine or anyone he hatedKey words Heathcliff characters extreme love and hatred摘要这篇论文阐述了形成希斯克利夫特殊性格的几个原因第一个同时也是最重要的一个原因是特殊的环境即特殊的自然环境和社会环境造就了他强大邪恶和极度残忍的性格就是这种特殊的性格形成了他特殊的命运另一方面凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫之间的爱情是那样强烈以至于凯瑟琳的背叛促使希斯克利夫用极端的手段去报复凯瑟琳和这个社会作者爱米莉勃朗特生活在英国社会的动荡时期尽管她没有参加任何活动但是当时的思想却影响着她这个论文描述了希斯克利夫性格形成的原因通过分析这个原因来揭露资本主义社会怎样把一个人变成一个魔鬼当希斯克利夫认识到是金钱和地位使他失去了尊严特别是凯瑟琳的爱时他就决定用残酷的手段来惩罚所有和凯瑟琳有关的以及他恨的人关键词希斯克利夫性格极度的爱和极度的恨Introduction1 The background of and the writerEmily Bronte was one of the most famous women writers in the history of English literature She was the younger sister of Charlotte Bronte and lived in the moorland village of Haworth Yorkshire of North England This bleak wild was the daily environment in which Brontes lived and then it became the setting of Wuthering Heights When she was three years old her mother died Her father was a church rector and her aunt who fostered the Bronte children after their mother died was deeply religious Emily Bronte did not like her aunts Christian fervor Maybe the character of Joseph was based on her aunt When she grew older her family sent her to a boarding school to obtain the knowledge All the surroundings especially the family misfortunes the poor life and the bleak village environment made her become reserved morose sensitive and solitary These fostered her tendency to seclusion and wild imagination Wuthering Heights was the only novel of Emily Bronte It was published in December 1847 Apart from Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte had created 193 poems When Emily Bronte wrote this novel the Great Britain was in the social turbulence of the times and the English economy was severely depressed The capitalist society had a rapid development With the contradiction of the society a lot of flaws were exposedunder the sunshine The violent social contradiction the cruel and complex social realities were all mixed together Although Emily Bronte never joined in any campaign the disturbed society and the revolt spirit influenced her deeply Emily Bronte tried to use the artistic form to explain the oppression to the spirit of the human being in the nineteenth capitalist society She created a real life scene which covered the completely twist terror and despair The writer believed that peoples desire for happiness was natural and rational Most of us had such dream However the society restrained the reasonable desire and put the restrained desire into a deformed growth The bad result was that it made the healthy and positive element change into the ill and negative one and also broke up the society Heathcliff was such a man who was twisted by the capitalist society When the warm-hearted Heathcliff suffered the insult and torture he saw through the cruelty of the life and the society Then he became a devil The double characters were formed completely as the result of social oppression2 Purpose of the paperThis novel was written in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century The writer wanted to expose the cruelty of the society by analyzing the reasons why Heathcliff formed such characters and revealed the distorted human nature in the deformed society This paper will analyze the reasons for Heathcliff to form his special characters We should find out the relationship between the special environment first only in this way can we understand the hero more about his characters and his behaviors It is the prerequisite for the analysis of Heathcliffs characters Heathcliff had a double character there are several reasons for him to form thecharacters We should analyze the heros characters in different views There are different factors in different environments that would generally lead to the formation of his special characters Only when we analyze the heros characters from the different point of views can we understand more about his charactersWe can also understand Heathcliffs special characters by analyzing the love between Heathcliff and Catherine This was not a usual love it surpassed the love of the average people in our life It was the love that never changed Catherine and Heathcliffs passion was stronger and more lasting than any other emotions displayed in other novels and it was the major conflicts that structure the plot of the novel Actually the betrayed love was another reason for the development of Heathcliffs characters Catherine was the sole hope of Heathcliff to live in this world Catherines betrayal made Heathcliffs extreme love turn into extreme hated and began his constant revenge We can say that it was the betrayed love that made Heathcliff see through the cruel society and decided to use the extreme measures to revenge the society and to revenge everything related to Catherine and finally he won Love is the eternal theme Life is based on the everlasting love The writer described a special love between Catherine and Heathcliff and led us to have a deep thinking of the life This thesis wants to analyze the different reasons why Heathcliff formed such characters The changed characters would expose the complex and cruel society that twisted the human nature and also displayed the relationship between the environment and human beings The significance is that we can understand the real reasons of the tragedy and by analyzing the love between Heathcliff and Catherine we can have a deepunderstanding of our life and we can also analyze the heros characters through Heathcliffs pursuit of loveThe special characters doomed the special fate The heros special characters the extreme love and the extreme hated doomed his cruelty and the extreme revenge to his lover and the social environment Such strong characters doomed his miserable fate Through this ending we can have a deep thinking of the life This is one of the most important reasons for me to write this essay Only by describing how the hero walks into this special destiny can we get the significance of lifeEmily Brontes Wuthering Heights was considered the most peculiar novel in the history of English literature The writer described a bumpy and rough love between Heathcliff and Catherine to display the oppression to the cruel society to the people and it was the special value of people in that era that distorted the human nature We wanted to expose the cruelty of the capitalist society and the disruption to the human beings and analyze the true reasons of Heathcliffs tragedy On the other hand we want to let readers think more about the life by analyzing the love between Heathcliff and Catherine This tragedy of the love between Heathcliff and Catherine was the tragedy of the society and the eraAll in all we should take a detailed analysis of Heathcliffs special characters and the reasons for Heathcliff to form such characters First we should briefly narrate the social and natural environment in which the writer and the hero lived For this is the basic preparation to analyze Heathcliffs characters Second we should analyze his special characters in different views to help us to understand this protagonist moreclearly Third we should analyze the love between Heathcliff and Catherine For their love was surpassing our tradition and convention It was the extreme love that led to the extreme hated It was the hated that changed Heathcliffs characters We should consider all these aspects Only in this way can we have a deep understanding of the themeII Literature ReviewAt the beginning Wuthering Heights suffered a violent criticism from the critic and some of the comments showed the prejudice and suspicion of the novel This novel had been misunderstood until the late nineteenth century But in the 20th century especially after 1930 lots of critics regarded Emily Bronte as the greatest novelist among her sisters and there appeared lots of articles to comment on the writer Such as R Crump Charlotte and Emily Bronte Maugham This Worlds Ten Greatest Novels And there were lots of comments on this novel such as Wuthering Heights a Casebook and Rod Mengham Wuthering Heights penguin critical studies 1988 At the beginning Wuthering Heights was described as a gloomy unmoral and full of abnormal state novel Some critics even said this was a horror and sacking novel and the title should be Withering Heights instead of Wuthering Heights In addition the characters of Heathcliff and his extreme love hate and the violent revenge were not understood by the common people at that time so it was regarded as a poorly written novel But now it is often considered as a rarer artistic product even than Jane Eyre Wuthering Heights is noted for its intense psychological description And the last meeting between Heathcliff and Catherine is the cli of the novel It is regarded as theharshest and most touching This work is also noted for its poetic quality The recognition of the protagonist is different in those comments The socialists try to understand the novel by analysis of the oppression of the social class The psychologists try to find the answer through the writers mentality and personality This novel has been studied analyzed and discussed from every critical perspective and while the novels symbolism themes structure and language will encourage people to explore it and the popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters The doomed love between the fiercely passionate Catherina and Heathcliff becomes one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature In one word the understandings of the hero are different Through this we can see that the research to the Wuthering Heights is continuing and the understanding of this novel is more and more profound III Plot SummaryIn the winter of 1801 a man named Lockwood rent a house called Thrushcross Grange which was located on a bleak country of England Here he met his dour landlord Heathcliff He was a rich man and lived in the Wuthering Heights four miles from Grange In this stormy country Lockwood asked his housekeeper Nelly talk something about Heathcliff and the odd people in the Wuthering Heights Nelly consented and Lockwood wrote down the story in his diary These written recollections were the main part of Wuthering HeightsOne day Mr Earnshaw came back from Liverpool with a gipsy waif he had rescued from the streets Mr Earnshaw gave him a nameHeathcliff and raised Heathcliff with his own children At first Earnshaws son Hindly and Earnshawsdaughter Catherine detested the dark-skinned Heathcliff a few days later Catherine quickly fell in love with him But Hindly hated him For after his entering the Earnshaws family he became Mr Earnshaws favorite and was passionately befriended by Catherine So he often insulted Heathcliff When old Earnshaw died Hindly took over the farm and became the master of the Wuthering Heights He began to keep Heathcliff from playing with Catherine and treated him as a common laborer At that time Heathcliff got a deep hatred to HindlyOne night Heathcliff and Catherine wandered to Thrushcross Grange and met the faromsread master Edgar Linton From then on Edgar often visited Wuthering Heights and quickly fell in love with Catherine at that time Catherine became infatuated with Edgar The relationship between Catherine and Heathcliff grew more complicated Finally Edgar Linton proposed to Catherine Although she loved Heathcliff she couldnt ignore the poverty of Heathcliff Because Heathcliff was only a servant if she married Heathcliff she would be degraded When Heathcliff found it impossible for him to be united to Catherine he left Wuthering Heights Three years later Heathcliff came backWhen Heathcliff returned he started to revenge on the people who had wronged him Because he became a rich man having a vast wealth he lent a lot of money to the drunken Hindly he knew that it would aggravate Hindlys debts and push him to the hopeless despondency When Hindly died Heathcliff became the master of the Wuthering Heights In order to occupy the Thrushcross Grange he married Isabella Lincon whom he treated very cruelly After seeing Heathcliff Catherine became ill andgave birth to a daughter and died Heathcliff begged Catherines soul to stay with him and haunted him like the ghost but did not leave him alone in the world Shortly thereafter Isabella Linton escaped to London to avoid the torture from Heathcliff and gave birth to Heathcliffs son named Linton after her family Then she kept the little baby with her Thirteen years passing by Nelly became the nursemaid of Catherines daughter at Thrushcross Grange Young Catherine was beautiful and willful like her mother But there was a quiet nature in her characters like her father Young Catherine was brought up in Thrushcross Grange and knew nothing about the Wuthering Heights But one day when she wandered in the wild moors she met Hareton and played together with him Soon afterward Isabella died Linton came to live with his father Heathciff When Heathcliff found young Linton was weak he treated his son more cruelly than his motherThree years later Catherine met Heathcliff in the moor and paid a visit to Wuthering Heights She fell in love with young Linton and began to write letters to him secretly When Nelly tore all the letters into pieces Catherine had to sneak out at night to spend time with her frail lover Linton asked her to come to Wuthering Heights to look after him However it quickly became apparent that Linton was pursuing Catherine only because Heathcliff was forcing him to do so Heathcliff wanted to occupy the Thrushcross Grange legally through the marrigement of Catherine and Linton Only in this way can Heathcliff revenge on Edgar successfully When Edgar grew ill and near death Heathcliff induced Catherine and Nelly back to Wuthering Heights and held them until Catherine married Linton Soon after themarriage Edgar died Heahcliff became the master of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange Heathcliffs plan was successful but he did not get the real console he always felt lonely and vacuous Soon the young Linton died with his torment He forced Catherine to stay at Wuthering Heights as a servant and lent Thrushcross Grange to LockwoodNellys story ended and Lockwood was deeply shocked Six months later when Lockwood paid a visit to Nelly and he knew the further development of the story Although Catherine mocked at Hareton at the begining Catherine grew to love Hareton as they lived together at Wuthering Heights When Heathcliff found Catherine and Hareton were in the same situation as he and elder Catherine were before he acted just like Hindly who wanted to destroy the real love between Catherine and Hareton He felt resentful He didnt want to torture them any longer He felt sorrow and finally realized that it was a terrible ending At this time Heathcliff was deeply sunk into the memory of the elder Caterine He began to talk with the soul of Catherine and everything would remind Heathcliff of Catherine One day Heathcliff was found died Catherine and Hareton inherited Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange and they planned to get married the next year This was the ending of the whole story IV The Reasons for Heathcliff to Form His Special Characters1 The natural and social environmentBefore we analyze the characters of Heathcliff we should know something about the environment of that era in which the hero lived First lets see the natural environment When Mr Earnshaw came back from Liverpool he took a gipsy waif andgave a name to himHeathcliff Mr Earnshaw had a bleak farmhouse on the windswept Yorkshire moors named Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights was located on a hill and constantly suffered from the wild winds Heights means high place Wuthering being a significant provincial adjective is used to describe the sound of wind blowing in storming weather The sound of the wind was like a crying wolf in the savage village In the village you can hear nothing but the sound Wuthering There was a description of the natural environment of the Wuthering Heights at the beginning of the novel one may guess the power of the north wind blowing over the edge by the excessive slant of a few stunted firs at the end of the house and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way as if craving alms of the sun This description had a symbolic significance the constantly violent north wind forced the trees of the Heights towards one side instead of growing to the sky so the dispirited trees lost its beautiful figures The nature of the trees was distorted by the wind and in this novel the nature of the trees was the nature of the human being At the same time the nature of people always suffered from the pressure of violence Just like the dispirited trees the human nature had been twisted and destroyed Through the description of Wuthering Heights we can also see that the writer described a lot of bleak and desolate setting in order to show although the place was full of violence the protagonist just like the banding trees and the weeds would never object to the power of nature In addition the name of Heathcliff also reflects his characters Heathcliff is the combination of heath and cliff heath is one kind of weeds It means that some weed grows on the cliff We can also find that there are some weed growing on the way tothe Wuthering Heights This had indicated Heathcliffs characters stubborn and self- reliant Their passions their strong love and hatred all defy the material and the wild nature It seemed that the storm and violence were their natural language Actually the social environment was the most important reason for Heathcliff to form his characters When Britain was in the social turbulence of the times Emily Bronte created Wuthering Heights When the social economy developed rapidly the capitalist system exposed its defects which showed the terrible social conflicts and the complex social reality Although Emily Bronte never joined in any campaign the distributed mood and revolted spirit influenced her So she created Heathcliff a victim and a revolter The characters of Heathcliff were developed in this special environment there was no doubt that money was the God of the capitalist society unfortunately Heathcliff lived in the place where poverty was shameful Whether you had the process of hard work if you were still in rags you were to be shamed The endless poverty was like a knife constantly carving and changing the characters of Heathcliff Heathcliff was an orphan deprived of human warm and also he was poor But it was lucky for him to be adopted by Earnshaw who was the master of Wuthering Heights and he changed his poor situation It was the love that made Heathcliffs heart filled with gratitude and he fell in love with Catherine Although Hindley disliked him and often insulted him he decided to dedicate all his life to hold their love This happy life lasted for a long time until Mr Earnshaw died Heathcliff lost everything such as the dignity and his social status and this change reduced Heathcliff as a servant He became poor again but he didnt care for he owned Catherines love Catherine was hislife and was the hope of the life However this love didnt last for a long time Catherine subjected to this secular society and money The final decision was to marry Thrushcross Grange mastersEdgar While she said I love Edgar just like the leaves when the winter change the trees the time will change the leaves but my love to Heathcliff just like the rock under the tree although it seemed that the happiness is not sufficient the happiness is necessary and everlasting We can imagine that when Heathcliff heard that it would degrade Catherine to marry him he felt broken at that time Catherines betrayal of love destroyed the last hope in his heart the extreme love turned into the extreme hated and it was the strong hated that caused him to form his charactersrigid unyielding and cruel It seemed that everything was caused by Catherines betrayal but in fact it exposed the strong trend of value at that era---poverty was shameful2 The love between Heathcliff and CatherineThe love between Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights does not belong to any social convention or situation although it was too violent Catherine and Heathcliffs love was based on their shared perception that they were identical In Chapter 15 Catherine declared that she was Heathcliff when they had the last meeting Although Catherine told Heathcliff that the love between Heathcliff and Catherine was never changed she cared much about the entity of the bond between them Finally Catherine betrayed him actually her actions were driven in part by her social ambitions which initially were awakened during her first stay at the Linton and which eventually compelled her to marry Edgar However she was also motivated byimpulses that prompted her to violate social conventionsto love Heathcliff throw temper tantrums and run around on the moor It was the betrayal that led to the Heathcliffs desperate and crazy revenge and Catherine didnt get happiness by marrying Edgar Heathcliff punished cruelly anyone who had relationship with Catherine or anyone he hated So his purpose of returning to Wuthering heights was to begin his revenge and non-human revenge especially after Catherines death Maybe most of the readers can not bear the tragic ending between Heathcliff and Catherine but it was the bold creation that broke the traditional mind and directly criticized the disruption of beauty in the secular society Therefore the writer used tragedy to denounce the society and called for the truth3 The special characters doomed the special fateHeathcliffs revenge was understandable to our average people most of us would have thoughts of revenge After all there was nothing more serious than losing the dignity and the love because of poverty he was distorted by the harsh reality and had become mercilessly To some extent the revenge to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange was the strong denounce to the cruel society If it was not the society that brought the inequality and the poverty how would his tough and cruel characters be formed If he had no such tough and cruel personality how would he have such strong frenzied revenge But Heathcliffs revenge was so fierce that it burned the others and also burned himselfHowever there were still good factors hidden in his cruel nature he found the kindness hidden in the evil before dying he gave up the idea of revenge because hebelieved that endless revenge only brought worse outcome We wonder that whether the beautiful flower can grow in the soil that is full of crime hatred and poison Every charming personality contains both the positive and the negative factors When they face the mutation environment the hidden factors will burst and be combined with the environment to reverse the fate When Heathcliff obtained the old Earnshaw and Catherines love he was kind and full of gratitude But when old Earnshaw died especially after Catherines betrayal his situation and his characters were changed which led to his crazy revenge But when he constantly revenged the Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange his status had also changed He became the master of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange and his enemies died one after another The motivation of revenge had faded away because of the changing identity and death of enemies The exist love germinated again He moved toward to the kind The ending of the novel leaves a belief to us love belongs to the cheerful part of the human nature Hate belongs to the ugly part of the human nature It is the twist and degeneration of the human nature Hate would not absolutly dominate the people in human world The love that could break through the hatred is the recovery of the humanity The constrained and distorted human nature gets emancipated eventually We the human beings are always hopeful about the futureV conclusionThere are several reasons for Heathcliff to form his characters The special social environment was one of the most important reasons In the 1840s the English economy was depressed and the conditions of the workers in industrial areas like Liverpoolwere so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violence Considering this historical context Heathcliff seemed to embody the anxiety that the books upper –and-middle-class audience had about the working classes The readers may easily sympathize him when he was powerless as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earshaw but he became a villain when he acquired power and returned to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman this corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classesthe upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political social cultural for economic power Heathcliffs special fate exposed the great influence of the environment and reflected the real life cycle The figure that was created by Emily Bronte followed his own life principle we can say that she created a true figure in our life Their extreme love and hate deeply touched our heart we were moved by their love The tragedy of Heathcliff warns us that the environment and the human being were interdependent When they turned against each other the personality would be changed and therefore the fate would be changed too This was the true reason that led to Heathcliffs tragedy and also it was the great significance that the book showed to usReferences1 Brain Phillips Annie Bourneuf Todays Most Popular Study Guides Wuthering Heights[M]Tianjin 天津科技翻译出版公司20032 Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights[M]Beijing Central Compilation TranslationPress20043 方平《欧美文学研究十论》[M]上海复旦大学出版社20054 罗选民Appreciation of English and American Literature Fiction Drama [M]北京清华大学出版社20065 周忠厚姚梅屏《中外文学名著梗概与赏析外国小说卷》[M]北京语文出版社1999。
论《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫的复仇心理(英文)
论《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫的复仇心理（英文）摘要这篇文章旨在分析《呼啸山庄》主人公希斯克里夫的复仇心理。
虽然在很多读者看来，希斯克里夫是一个冷酷无情的恶魔，但是，在笔者眼中，他也是一个为了爱情而抗争的个人奋斗者。
在希斯克里夫生活的那个社会，平等和爱情仅仅只属于那些拥有金钱和地位的人。
这个残酷无情的现实着实给了希斯克里夫致命的一击。
这也促使他逐渐形成了报复周围人的计划。
他和凯瑟琳的爱恨情仇正是这篇文章的核心所在。
全文分为五个章节，第一个章节包括引言、文献综述和结构概述三个部分，第二个章节阐述希斯克里夫和凯瑟琳的原始爱情，通过分析凯瑟琳爱的变化过程得出凯瑟琳背叛爱情的原因。
第三章分析希斯克里夫的复仇历程，解读导致希斯克里夫复仇的原因，揭示希斯克里夫的复仇行动的冷酷。
第四章通过耐莉的回顾和新一代的爱情分析论证希斯克里夫的人性回归。
最后一个章节是结论部分。
希斯克里夫的叛逆人格值得赞赏。
他敢于挑战世俗常规，就这一意义而言，他是一个真正的英雄。
即便在有些读者的眼里，他的性格有些扭曲，他所生活的社会应该对此负责。
每一个个体都是他所处时代的产物。
希斯克里夫是一个真正意义上的富有个性的抗争者，而并非一个疯狂的复仇者。
关键词：艾米丽勃朗特，《呼啸山庄》，希斯克里夫，复仇，抗争者AcknowledgementsI am writing the acknowledgements to express my thanks and gratitude to all those who have given me help and support in various ways during the preparation and writing of my thesis. Without their help and encouragement, I could not have finished my thesis.First, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Qin Weigang, a respectable and experienced professor, who has provided me with valuable guidance in every stage of the writing of this thesis. Without his enlightening instruction, impressive kindness and patience, I could not have completed my thesis. His keen and vigorous academic observation enlightens me not only in this thesis but also in my future study.I would also like to take this opportunity to express my deepest thanks to all my teachers who have helped me in improving my research method and designing the thesis. They are Professor Wu Caiya, Professor Wang Jun, Professor Mo Junhua, Professor Zhu Weihong and Professor Jia Guanjie.My thanks also go to my parents and my roommates for their encouragement and sincere support. Last but not least, I‟d like to thank my family and all my friends for their support and trust.AbstractThis thesis is intended to analyze the revenge of Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights. Although in many readers‟ eye he is a marble demon, Heathcliff is in fact also a brave man fighting for love.In the society in which Heathcliff lives, equality and love only belong to men of wealth. This cruel reality really gives Heathcliff a heavy blow. He develops a plan to revenge people around him. The story of Heathcliff and Catherine is the core of the novel Wuthering Heights.The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter includes an introduction, a literature review and an outline of the thesis. The second chapter discusses the passionate love between Heathcliff and Catherine. By analyzing Catherine‟s change of love, the author uncovers the causes of Catherine‟s betra yal. Chapter Three focuses on Heathclif‟s revenge, expounding its brutality. The fourth chapter explores Heathcliff‟s return of humanity by examining Nelly‟s revelation and the younger generation‟s love. The last chapter is the conclusion of the thesis, b riefly summarizing the major findings achieved in the research.Heathcliff‟s rebellious personality is worthy of appreciation. He dares to challege the established order of the society. In this sense, he is a real hero. Everyone is a product of his time. Even if his personality is distorted in some reder‟s eye, it is the society that is to be held responsible. He is a true individualistic fighter rather than a crazy avenger.Key Words: Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff, revenge, fighterContents Acknowledgments (Ⅰ)Abstract (Ⅱ)摘要 (Ⅲ)Contents (Ⅳ)Chapter 1 Introduction (1)1.1Emily Bronte and her WutheringHeights (1)1.2Literature review (2)1.3 The structure of the thesis (4)Chapter 2 Heat hcliff and Catherine’s Love (5)2.1 Catherine‟s natural love for Heathcliff (5)2.2 Catherine‟s betrayal of her love (6)Chapter 3 Heathcliff’s Revenge (7)3.1 Heathcliff‟s two-fold personalities (7)3.2Heathcliff‟s Revenge on Hindley and Linton (7)3.2.1 His revenge on Hindley (7)3.2.2 His revenge on Linton (8)3.3 Roots of his revenge (8)Chapter 4 Rebirth of Heathcliff’s Natural Self (12)4.1 Nelly‟s revelation to Heathcliff (13)4.2 Heathcliff‟s return to humanity seen in the younger generation (14)Chapter 5 Conclusion (16)References (19)Introduction1.1Emily Bronte and her Wuthering HeightsEmily Bronte is a famous novelist and poet in the 19th century. She is considered as one of the greatest women writers in the history of English literature. She suffered a lot from social constraints and she was eager for a life of freedom and equality. Emily Bronte‟s novel is a reflection of her real life. Her mother died when she was only three. She had no friends and her father showed indifference to her, which gave rise to her timidity and sullenness in her childhood. She believed that to break away from all the difficulties she had to rely on their own struggle.Her living environment also exerted an influence on her creation. Her family lived in a big village of a western wasteland in Yorkshire. To Emily, this wasteland had a significant meaning. He liked those wastelands, the mountains, the streams and the strong winds, which all can be seen in her novel. Like her brothers and sisters, Emily became addicted to literature. She had a strong personality, which formed a stark contrast with Charlotte‟s mediocrity and Anna‟s elegance.1Charlotte commented on her sister like this:She has a unique personality. She is even stronger than men. She is more innocent than children. She has the spirit of perseverance. Her handstrembled, four limbs numb,eyes tired, but she still keeps working.2So we can say that the solitary and firm personality of the cahracters in her novel is also the embodiment of the author‟s own personality. Reading her poems can better help us understand the background of her novel. In her last novel, she writes like this: The cowardly soul does not belong to me.In this storm tremor of the earth there‟s no coward.I see Tenpuku is shining.出处These lines deepen our understanding of this novel. Wuthering Heights is the only novel by Emily Bronte, and it is also a controversial work. The work narrates a story of love and revenge. The story can be divided into four parts. The first part tells us the establishment of the two characters‟ re lationship and their resistance to Hindley.The second part describes Catherine‟s betrayal of Heathcliff. The third part focuses on the revenge of Heathcliff. The last part tells the change of Heathcliff and his eventual death. One day, Mr. Earnshaw brought back an orphan and named him Heathcliff. His favor of Heathcliff causes his own son Hindley‟s envy. After Mr. Earnshaw died, Hindley treated heathcliff as a slave. At the same time, Mr. Earnshaw‟s daughter Catherine fell in love with Heathcliff. However, later Catherine got to know Edgar who was polite and gentle. Allured by his high social status and richness, Catherine became estranged from Heathcliff and decided to marry Edgar. Therefore, Heathcliff left Wuthering Heights with hatred of Catherine. After three years, he became rich and came back. He decided to carry out a crazy revenge. He first chose Hindley‟s son to be his servant and then he married Edgar‟s sister Isabelle and treated her badly. Catherine also clearly recognized her husband Edgar‟s tr ue self and she died when she gave birth to a baby. Ten years later, Heathcliff forced Caterine‟s daughter to marry his son. With all his plans realized, he did not feel happy at all. Nevertheless, little Catherine and Harleton fell in love with each other, they inherited the property of Wuthering Heights. Since it was published, the novel has been commonly regarded as the strangest novel in the history of English literature. And a great many critics have attempted to make interpretations of Heathcliff, the major character in this novel.1.2 Literature reviewOf all the Bronte critics, Virginia Woolf is notably the most influential. Virginia Woolf (1925: 219), a famous English female writer, once said like this: When Charlotte wrote… …I love‟, …I hate‟. Her experience, though moreintense, is on a level with our own. But there is no …I‟ in WutheringHeights… Emily is inspired by some more general conception… She lookedout upon a world cleft into gigantic disorder and felt within her power to unitit i n a book …to say something through the mouths of her characters which isnot merely …I love‟ or …I hate‟.Woolf (1925) also points out that Wuthering Heights is more difficult than Jane Eyre because Emily is much greater than Charlotte. Her comment is justifiable. Unfortunately, even though we know much about about her sister Charllotte, we know only a little about Emily. Emily was much wiser than her sisters. She lived on porridge and milk; she could play the piano, do housework and help cooking. She liked dogs. She often took a walk in a desolate place. That‟s all we know about her.(G. F. Blyde, 1937: 23). Heathcliff‟s tragedy of life demonstrates Emily Bronte‟s understanding of the world. It also continues and developes the author‟s philosophy o f life (Ning Xia, 2005).Critics have studied this novel from different perspectives. Most of them focus on the analysis of Heathcliff‟s personality. In many reader‟s eye, this novel really followed the Victorian values and tastes. Emily‟s sister Charlo tte also complained about her gallery of lost and depraved souls and her inability to put her gifts to better use (Chang Yaoxiin, 2006). Her book was gradually accepted by people and became an enduring masterpiece.Wuthering Heights is considered as a strange book. Its peculiality exhibits itself in its theme and the characterization. When reading the book, every reader will be attracted by its unique atmosphere.Catherine‟s betrayal of love accelerates Heathcliff‟s plan of revenge. Graeme Tytler (2008) points out the dilemma of Heathcliff when choosing love and wealth. Gao Jihai (2008) also studies the struggle of Catherine between love and hatred. Chen Mei (2008) examines Catherine‟s hesitation between “spiritual love” and “secular love”. She is eager for both freedom and status.Heathcliff is also one of the tragic victims in this revenge. He is a victim of capitalist society. He is just rebelling against the bourgeois matrimonial system (Li Chenjing, 2011). He does not gain any satisfaction from his revenge (Liang Suwen, 2013).Li Chenjing points out that revenge looks as if it was all that the novel is about. However, the more important is the deep meaning of the revenge. Heathcliff‟s revenge is not to revenge only, actually it is one way to find his natural self (2011).The book really gives us a belief. We should speak aloud our love and hatred (Kettel, 1947). Zhang Xueyi and Li Fangmu (2009) analyze the revenge of Heathcliff. According to them, his revenge is associated with the reason why he has done so. We need to judge it with a fair and reasonable eye.1.3 The structure of the thesisThe thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter of the thesis gives a brief introduction to the author Emily Bronte‟s life experience and th e main plot of her novel Wuthering Heights. It also examines the background of the story and briefly introduces the author‟s unique personalities. In addition, there is also a review of critics‟ interpretations of this book.Chapter Two discusses Heath cliff and Catherine‟s love from two aspects. It begins with an analysis of Catherine‟s natural love for Heathcliff and ends with a probe into her betrayal of Heathcliff.Chapter Three analyzes Heathcliff‟s revenge from tree aspects. First, the author briefly explores his personalities. Second, the author provides two examples of his revenge. Last, the thesis further studies the causes of his revenge.The fourth chapter demonstrates Heathcliff‟s return of humanity through a study of Nelly‟s revelation and the younger generation‟s true love.The last chapter is the conclusion of the thesis. It gives us a summary of this thesis. Heathcliff‟s revenge has its roots in the society in which he lives, and the rebirth of humanity an seen in the young er generation‟s true love gives reader hope and encourages readers to love and to be loved. Love is enduring and it is the greatest thing in the world.Chapter 2 Heathcliff and Catherine’s love2.1 Catherine’s natural loveCatherine had always been living in a wasteland since her childhood. She was obstinate and unruly and she never made an apology to her father. After Heathcliff was brought back by her father, she began to make friends with him. They combined together to resist Hindley. During the process, they found that they were important to each other. Catherine also fully realized that if they wanted to get true freedom, equality and dignity. They must live together and combine their power to resist Hindley. Their love was rightly produced in their similar experience and the process of their resistance to Hindley. Catherine once said that she loved him, not because of his handsome look, but because he was more like herself than her.Jean Baker Miller (1976) writes in Toward a new Psychology like this: One central feature is that women stay with, build on and develop on the context of attachment and affiliation to others. Indeed, women‟s sense of selfbecomes very much organized around being able to make and maintainaffiliations and relationships. Eventually, for many women the threat ofdisruption of an affiliation is perceived not just a threat of disruption butsomething closer to a loss of self.3In Wuthering Heights, Catherine attaches herself to Heathcliff. She said that she was Heathcliff and he was more herself than she was…their souls were the same.出处This confession really proves that Catherine owns the most natural and true love for Heathcliff. At the beginning of this novel, Lockwood discovered Catherine‟s diary where she wrote a name “Catherine Heathcliff”. We all know that Catherine‟s full name should be “Catherine Earnshaw”. When Catherine came back from Thrushcross Grange, She “flew to embrace” Heathcliff and “bestowed sevenor eight kisses on his check within the second出处”, which also indicates that she truly and passionately loved him. When Heathcliff left home, she cried “at a good passionate fit of crying”. Her spiritual happiness and her natural self would be lost if Heathcliff left her. All this best prove the special relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine.Their love surpasses any other kind of love in the world. It is understandable that Heathcliff could not stand Catherine‟s betrayal. He did not care about Hindley‟s abuse, he also did not care abou t Edgar‟s discrimination. After Catherine‟s betrayal, he lost his spiritual brace. Can‟t we associate his revenge with the abuse he encountered and the sadness he suffered? Of course, we can not. Only when we have acknowledged their experiences can we understand their emotion. The existence without each other was unbearable to them both. No matter what kind of love it was, it was gradually developed in their company and mutual support. We cherish all of these kinds of love.2.2 Catherine’s betrayal of lov eHeathcliff and Catherine‟s love tragedy began with their break into the Thrushcross Grange at night. When they peeped at the drawing room of Edgar‟s, they saw the splendid room with a red carpet on the ground and the white ceiling. Catherine was guided into the room. After this visit, she was deeply attracted by the life of the upper society. She was eager for the noble status, the rich property and creditable life. Gradually she began to look down on Heathcliff. We do not feel surprised about her change. Seemingly she was doomed to this such a change from the very beginning of the novel.When Edgar made an offer of marriage, Catherine was seized with conflicting feelings. Eventually, she agreed to Edgar‟s proposal although she still loved Heathcliff in the depth of her heart. She said that if she married Heathcliff, they would become beggars. If she married Edgar, she could help Heathcliff go up to a higher position. Obviously, her thoughts were very simple and impossible. However, every individual has the right to choose love and life what he wants.Catherine‟s betrayal really delivered a deadly blow to Hethcliff. To Heathcliff, betraying love meant betraying her own soul and her true self. And to him, Catherine‟s love meant everything. Losing her would be like losing his soul, which really triggered his hatred.Chapter 3 Heathcliff’s Revenge3.1 Heathcliff’s two-fold personalitiesHeathcliff was conceited and brutal. He always wore a cold look. However, when he fell in love with Catherine, he turned warm and kind. We can clearly see the conflict between love and hatred in his spiritual world. He loved Catherine. In order to match Catherine, he left his lover and struggled alone in a strange village for three years. He could stand in fro nt of Catherine‟s window for several nights. He could call his lover‟s name days and nights without food and drink. He even dug Catherine‟s tomb with his own hands although she had died for many years. He bribed the pastor and asked him to dig out Edgar‟s tomb and buried his own tomb with Catherine.4 However, such a man changed quickly after Catherine betrayed him. Because of Catherine‟s betrayal and other people‟s discrimination, he gave free rein to his terrible personality. His love was devoted to Catherine only. Naturally, he acted like a cold avenger. He was eager for success and made a decision to revenge. He did not care about how long he would have to wait although he suffered a lot during the process of revenge. Catherine and Haeathcliff seemed to be made for each other and they had similar personalities. However, life is serious and cruel. Especially at that background, most people worshipped money and social status. Allured by money, their values began to be distorted. After you finish reading this book carefully, you will understand all of their behaviors and even forgive Heathcliff for his love.3.2 Heathcliff’s revenge on Hindley and Linton3.2.1 His revenge on HindleyFrom Catherine‟s words, we can clearly feel the torment Heathcliff suffers from Hindley:“An awful Sunday! I wish my father were back again. Hindley is a detestable substitute--his conduct to Heathcliff is atrocious. H. and I aregoing to rebel--we took our initiatory step this evening”.5It is no wonder that Heahclif could not b ear Hindly‟s abuse. Not only did he feel the unfair treatment but also Catherine could not stand it any more. He wanted to rebel the social order that deprived them of their humanity.After Heathcliff left home, he tried to do what he could to earn money. Three years later, he came back with a great deal of money and higher status. He had the power to revenge on Hindley then. He made full use of his money to accelerate Hindley‟s going bankrupt. He wanted to regain his pride by doing to Hindley what Hindley had done to him. His revenge was specific and accurate. It gave him immense satisfaction. He also used the same method to torment Hindley‟s son—Hareton. Although he showed sympathy for Hareton, he still made him become a servant. He also found that Hareto n was like himself and that Hareton‟s love for Cathy was also like his own love for Catherine.In fact, he did not feel happy any more. He did not gain any satisfaction after he carried out his plan of revenge. He was in effect a poor man who was shackled by his living environment and was living minute to minute in overwhelming hatred.3.2.2 His revenge on LintonHeathcliff did not revenge on Linton directly because of Catherine‟s love. He did not want to hurt Catherine. In order to revenge on Linton, he married Isabella and treated her badly. What‟s worse, after Catherine died, he turned more and more crazy. He threatened Linton‟s daughter Cathy and married her to his son who was almost at his last gasp. He also threatened his own son and had him make a will to leave all the heritages to himelf. He tormented Linton‟s daughter to let off his hatred of Linton.However, when he saw that the two young men‟s eyes were all like Catherine‟s, he stopped his revenge. His revenge did not bring any gratification to him. Instead, he felt very lonely and he also said that it was a very ridiculous ending.When he was doing all of these crazy things, he might be equally sad and helpless as we readers. He was like a lost sheep and could not find his path to light.3.3 Roots of Heathcliff’s revengeWhy did Heathcliff so deeply hate the people around him? Why could he have become so crazy? His hatreds all derived from love. The two contrasting kinds of emotions combined in Heathcliff. Unable to sustain such heavy burdens, his spiritual and emotional world finally callapsed. Careful studies indicate that the root-causes of his crazy revenge can be summarized as follows:1. Heathcliff‟s lower social statusHeathcliff was an orphan who was adopted by Mr. Ear nshaw. Mr. Earnshaw‟s son Hindley hated him very much. He often discriminated against him and even abused him. The servant Nelly did not speak to him any more. Because of his lower status, he always suffered discriminations. All of these burried the seeds of hatred in his little heart. He longed for the status, the fame and a great amount of money. The desire forced him to do everything he could to get what he wanted. When he was young, he developed a patient and strong personality. His patient and strong personality is rarely found in an innocent child of his age.Rome is not built in one day. Heathcliff had been unjustly treated, and this pushed him eventually run to the extreme.2. Catherine‟s betrayal of loveAlthough he had suffered a lot and experienced unjust treatment, he still had Catherine as his spiritual and emotional brace. Catherine was what supported him to live on. Her love was his life, his hope and his all. However, when Catherine came back from Thrushcross Grange, she became very vain. She had expectations for a comfortable and desultory life. She even treated Heathcliff as a servant. She thought that only if she married a rich man could she feel proud and become a amazing woman. On the contrary, marring Heathcliff would lower her status. At last, she chose Linton as her husband. Her choice drove Heathcliff into despair. He had no choice and left home alone. In his view, his failure to win Catherine was attributed to his poverty and lower status. He developed a strong hatred for all the people around him, especially Hindley.Catherine‟s betrayal threw Heathcliff into despair and drove him to step on his way to revenge.3. His own inferior mentalityHeathcliff had no parents; nobody liked him except Mr. Earnshaw and Catherine. Whe n he saw Catherine‟s elegant and poised appearance, he even hid himself behind the chair and did not dare to come out.6 When he learnt that Catherine would marry Linton, he had no choice but leaving home. If he could compete with Linton and win Catherine‟s heart, his fate might change a lot. Yet he had no courage to compete with Linton who was both rich and handsome. He left all the sorrow to himself and hated people around him.4.Hindley‟s humiliation and discriminationAfter Mr. Earnshaw died, Hindley began to bully Heathcliff brazenly. Hindley deprived his opportunity of receiving education from the pastor and treated him as a servant. Hindley also forced him to do hard work with other guys. He once said that he was planning to revenge on Heathcliff and he did not care about how long he would wait. He hoped that Hindley would not die before his plan was realized. Hindley also teased at him before Catherine, which damaged his self-esteem and aggravated his plan of revenge.When we receive such treatments, none of us know for sure whether or not we can stand them. If we experience what Heathcliff experienced, we may be crazier than him. The humiliation he endured is a torment of humanity.5. The unfair social systemIn the final analysis, the root of his hatred and revenge is to be found in the social system at that time. In the Victoria Era, the people were very fickle and they only embraced men with higher status and a great amount of money. People‟s spirits were strongly suppressed and their humanity was cruelly tortured. Catherine realized the great disparity between her and Heathcliff. She had a fantasy to help Heathcliff by marrying Linton. Of course, it was impossible. Everyone looked down on him. Catherine‟s vanity was also bound up with the envir onment where she lived. Why would she rather choose a man that she did not like than a man she really loved? The answer is clear. Because Hinley was rich and he also had higher status. This was the fundamental factor that led Heathcliff to his revenge.Taking all these into consideration, we will be able to better understand Heathcliff‟s revenge. He was not really a crazy avenger. We can also see his decent personality behind his revenge. Compared with Oliver in Oliver Twist, Heathcliff is more brave.7 He dares to resist the system and fight for his rights and love. He is a man of valor. We can not help appreciating his bravery and persistence in fighting for true love.Chapter 4 Rebirth of Heathcliff’s Natural Self Heathcliff is not really a crazy avenger. Although he had the plan and motivation to revenge, he just plundered their property instead of killing them. We all know that Hindley‟s cruel treatment to him could have made him become a demon. But he just hit Hindley for one time—when Hindley tried to shoot at him after Catherine‟s death. He also saved Hindley‟s son. Hindley‟s death did not have any direct relation with Heathcliff. Before Heathcliff came back, Hindley had been drunk with drinking and gambling. The refore, Heathcliff is not to be held responsible for Hindley‟s corruption and death.Heathcliff once said to Catherine that he would not revenge on him at the beginning. Catherine‟s death began with Heathcliff and Edgar‟s quarrel. She threatened Edgar by going on a hunger strike. Heathcliff returned home after getting fame and money. She fell down in desperation. In order to get freedom for her soul, she chose death. So Catherine‟s death was her own choice rather than Heathcliff‟s fault.After hearing the death of Catherine, he once cried “Only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you! Oh, God! It is unutterable! I cannot live without my life! I cannot live without my soul!”8For Heatcliff, Catherine was like his life and soul. Without Catherine, his existence would make no sense to him. Without Catherine, he would be like a helpless child. He almost sank into despair.Many people think that Heathcliff abducted his sister Isabella in order to revengehis rival-in-love Edgar. However, we know that Heathcliff did not do anything to seduce Isabella. He never showed his love to Isabella. This marriage arose from Isabella‟s dream of love and Heathcliff‟s desire for money. He used Isabella as his tool of revenge. To some extent, it was not kind of him to treat Isabella like this. We disapprove of his behavior, but we understand his choice.Many people think Heathcliff is a crazy demon for the younger generation. It is not absolutely right. He and Hareton‟s friendly emotions are sincere and natura l.Hareton viewed him as his only friend and forbid Cathy to attack him. Heathcliff also once said to Nelly that if this child was someone else, he would really love him. In fact, Heathcliff always loved Hareton,unconsciously and instinctively. We can see his struggles and hesitations when he was doing something hurtful to these children.4.1 Nelly’s revelation to HeathcliffNelly really plays an important role in this book. She is the only character who experienced the thirty years‟ history. She sa id that we should learn to forgive. She asked Isabella to be remissive to Heathcliff. She said to Isabella: “One might suppose you had never opened a Bible in your life”. She thought that Catherine was vain and selfish. She said to heathcliff, “Your pride can not blind God! You tempt him to wring your heart and nerves, till he forces a cry of humiliation”.9Nelly tried to persuade him to show his repentence to God.One of Nelly‟s mottos is that “people who do their duty are always finally rewarded. Heathc liff and Catherine‟s love is miserable and self—destructive. However, this book ends with a happy ending. It gives its readers a feeling of comfort. Heathcliff also realized his faults at the end, when he achieved the triumph. He said like this:It is a poor conclusion, is it not? My old enemies have not beaten me;now would be the precise time to revenge myself on their representatives: Icould do it, and none could hinder me.But where is the use? I don‟t care for striking; I can‟t take the trouble to raise my hand! That sounds as if I had been laboring the whole time only toexhibit a fine trait of magnanimity. It is far from being the case: I have lostthe faculty of enjoying their destruction, and I an too idle to destroy fornothing.Nelly, there‟s a strange change approaching: I am in its shadow at present. I take so little interest in my daily life that I hardly remember to eatand drink.10。
英语本科毕业论文-浅析《呼啸山庄》中影响希斯克里夫性格形成的因素
编号：河南大学2009届本科毕业论文Analysis on the Elements for the Formation of Heathcliff’s Personality in WutheringHeights浅析《呼啸山庄》中影响希斯克里夫性格形成的因素论文作者名称：作者学号：0503613069所在学院：民生学院所学专业：英语语言文学导师姓名、职称：论文完成时间：2009-05-18精选文档Analysis on the Elements for the Formation of Heathcliff’s Personality in WutheringHeights浅析《呼啸山庄》中影响希斯克里夫性格形成的因素Zhang JinMinsheng CollegeHenan UniversityMay 2009精选文档AcknowledgementsMy study at Henan University will soon come to an end. At the completion of my graduation thesis, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to all those who have offered me invaluable help during the four years of my undergraduate study here.Firstly, I would like to heartily express my gratitude to my tutor, Professor Fu Jiangtao for his constant encouragement and guidance. The completion of the thesis benefits from his help and guidance. He helps me with going through all the stages of writing the thesis. Due to lacking of experience, it is inevitable to appear some mistakes. He patiently picks out my mistakes and helps me remedy them. If there is no my teacher’s guide, it is difficult for me to complete the thesis.Secondly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who teach me during the four years’college life, because they teach me how to be a useful person to the society and cultivate me to be a qualified citizen.Finally, I would like to thank my family, friends and classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.精选文档[Abstract]Wuthering Heights is the unique novel written by Emily Bronte who was a British novelist in the nineteenth century. Heathcliff, the protagonist, has always been a fully disputed man since the book was published. Most readers think that he is a devilish person. However, some people believe that the formation of his distorted personality is a reasonable reflection of his unfair treatment. Heathcliff’s personality experiences three times’ change, that is, from a na ive boy with human being’s merits to a devilish avenger after he suffers hurt and distorts his personality, then to a normal person after he gives up his revenge. The article follows Heathcliff’s experiences and tries to analyze the elements for the formation of his personality from the three periods.[Key Words] Wuthering Heights; Heathcliff; personality; elements for the formation[摘要]《呼啸山庄》是十九世纪英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特的唯一的一部小说。
选修课《欧美文学欣赏》课程论文：《呼啸山庄》中希思克厉夫人物汇总
选修课《欧美文学欣赏》课程论文：《呼啸山庄》中希思克厉夫人物性格分析《呼啸山庄》中希思克厉夫人物性格分析我看过许多外国名著，但给我印象最深的是《呼啸山庄》。
其中的主人公希思克厉夫有着很复杂的性格。
在我上完《欧美文学欣赏》后，我决定对他进行重新的审视。
《呼啸山庄》是英国女作家艾米莉•勃朗特惟一的一部小说,它于1848年出版时,并未引起多大的注意，即便是书中的情节与人物所引起的巨大震撼也被认为是一种令人作呕的恐怖，评论界的一些人斥之为一部骇人听闻、荒谬绝伦、毫无意义的作品,小说充满阴森恐怖!病态心理和异教思想。
希思克厉夫,这个叛逆的孤儿闯入呼啸山庄以后,那里的生活就再也不能平静了。
他和呼啸山庄仿佛是格格不入的两个世界,所有的人都不能将他融入他们的生活,当然,所有的人都不能理解他，于是,他的出走和重新回来后的报复就成了必然。
后来在希思克厉夫临死之前,耐莉却有许多沉思:“‘他是个食尸鬼,还是个吸血鬼？’我心里暗想……后来我又回想起,他从小就由我照看,我看着他长大成人,几乎跟了他一辈子,现在竟被他吓成这样,多么荒诞可笑啊。
”呼啸山庄对希思克厉夫的孤立和排斥理所当然受到了更为有力的回应,他几乎对所有人都充满了敌视"他认为,艾德嘉•林顿是“田庄的窝囊废”。
他贬低艾德嘉对凯瑟琳的爱(“他八十年的爱抵不上我一天的爱”以及凯瑟琳对艾德嘉的爱(“对她来说,他还几乎不如她的狗或马亲爱”。
他同样贬低小凯茜:“我急切地希望不要见到她”。
对凯瑟琳•恩肖以外的呼啸山庄的人来说,希思克厉夫是一个外来者,只有凯瑟琳爱他,因为他们两人天性相同:疯狂而又任性。
就像凯瑟琳告诉耐莉的那样:“因为他比我更像我自己,不管我们的灵魂是由什么构成的,他的和我的是一样的”。
当希思克厉夫把艾德嘉称为“羊羔”,“不值得一击”时,他的价值观取决于原始的野性,力量决定价值。
他在心底里鄙视艾德嘉,在听到凯瑟琳向耐莉坦白心声的部分对话后,他离家出走,其目的就是要超过艾德嘉。
《呼啸山庄》中希克厉人性的变化
学号：NORTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY毕业论文G RADUATE T HESIS论文题目：《呼啸山庄》中希克厉人性的变化学生姓名：专业班级：11英语1班学院：外国语学院指导教师：2015年05月21日The Change of Heathcliff’s HumanityByA graduate thesissubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts to theCollege of Foreign LanguagesNorth China University of Science and TechnologyMay 21st, 2015摘要《呼啸山庄》是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品，是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。
小说描写吉卜赛弃儿希克厉被山庄老主人收养后，因受辱和恋爱不遂．外出致富。
回来后对与其女友凯瑟琳结婚的地主林顿及其子女进行报复的故事。
全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神，又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
艾米莉·勃朗特在其短短30年的岁月里，仅留给后世唯一一部长篇小说。
这部小说一出版就遭到猛烈的抨击，有的学者说它是“一部骇人听闻的，荒谬绝伦的，毫无意义的作品”，“小说充满阴森恐怖病态心理和异教思想”，甚至有人嘲弄说“这部恐怖的，令人作呕的小说”。
但它经住了时间的考验，被誉为“最奇特的小说”，并在英国文学史上占据极其重要的地位，时至今日它仍以非凡的艺术魅力，鲜明的主题思想，使无数读者为之折服。
《呼啸山庄》中主人公是一个有争议的人物形象,多数关于小说的评论都是围绕着希克厉的人性中的善恶展开的,有人说他是拜伦式的英雄,或是被压迫工人阶级反抗的代表；还有人说他是灵魂扭曲的恶魔,或是丧失人性的疯狂复仇者。
《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格分析
综合论坛新教师教学英国著名女作家艾米莉•勃朗特的小说《呼啸山庄》，因为其对人性的深入探讨以及对社会的无情披露，一度成为世界文学著作中的杰出代表，在这本小说中，作者爱米莉•勃朗特为我们塑造了一个充满矛盾的主人公希斯克利夫。
这个人物身上有极度鲜明的人物个性，而关于《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格更是一直被人们谈论的热点，对于男主角的复杂的性格以及人物形象，我们很难用一个简单的标准去衡量他。
本文就这一问题进行讨论，不足之处还望大家批评、纠正。
一、《呼啸山庄》与希斯克利夫概括在英国文学史上，《呼啸山庄》一直被人认为是一部“最奇特的小说”，是一部“奥秘莫测”的“怪书”。
它通过描述希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之问的爱情，展现了主人公希斯克利夫在畸形社会中人性的扭曲，进而变得暴虐无情，产生强烈复仇的心理，达到复仇目的后以自杀告终，它以狂飙般猛烈的情感达到了震撼人心的艺术力量。
爱米莉•勃朗特创作《呼啸山庄》时，正是英国社会动荡的时代。
资本主义正迅速发展并越来越暴露出它内在的缺陷，社会矛盾激化，社会现实复杂残酷。
尽管爱米莉•勃朗特从未投身于任何运动，但当时整个时代的动荡情绪和反抗精神却潜移默化地影响着她。
爱米莉•勃朗特以艺术的想像形式表现了１９世纪资本主义社会中个人的精神压迫和矛盾冲突，创造了一幅令人难以置信的完全被扭曲了的，笼罩着恐惧不安和绝望的现实图景。
女作家以人性的观点来看待社会和人生。
她认为，人对现实幸福的渴望完全出于人的本性，是自然的和合理的，而社会的错误恰恰在于抑制了人的渴望，从而使这些被压抑的欲望畸形滋长，其恶果必然是使人性中那些健康的积极的因素畸变为病态的、消极的因素，并对社会产生了一定的破坏性。
希斯克利夫正是这样一个被资本主义社会所扭曲的灵魂，原本善良的希斯克利夫被侮辱折磨之后，明白了人生的残酷和社会的无情，变成了恶魔。
他的扭曲性格的形成完全是当时社会摧残的结果。
希斯克利夫的爱情悲剧是社会的悲剧，也是时代的悲剧。
(英语专业毕业论文)一个扭曲的灵魂-《呼啸山庄》中的希刺克里夫(英文)
本科毕业论文（设计）（2017届本科毕业生）题目: A Distorted Character－Heathcliff in WutheringHeights一个扭曲的灵魂－《呼啸山庄》中的希刺克里夫ABSTRACTIn Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte shows what the true love is. Like Heathcliff and Catharine, although they can‘t marry, the two souls never separate from each other. She even uses the romantic skill to give the double characters of Heathcliff. His love for Catharine is crazy and faithful, so does his hate and revenge. In his love world, love and revenge becomes the only thing, nothing else left. Not a crazy lover, but a crazy tyrant. When the tyrant behaves as an uncontrolled one, he becomes the embodiment of hate and revenge.There c an be no doubt as to Heathcliff‘s inhuman brutality and the deliberate pain and destruction he causes to those he despises. He is not alone, however, in his cruelty. The hate to all the world of Heathcliff is all from his frustrated love and his distorted character. Here, hate is the alienation of love. It seems that hate is strong, but it is alone and insignificant; the delicate love owns the unconquerably power, the two feelings extremely burned in one life, that is the crazy feeling world of Heathcliff.This paper focuses on different aspects of Heathcliff to show his distorted character and the process of change in Heathcliff‘s destiny. Through the change of Heathcliff, the writer expresses her views that losing love means losing humanity, but she also has confidence that recovering love means recovering humanity. At the end of the novel, Heathcliff finally recovers his humanity, because he finds a permanent home for his soul.Key Words: Heathcliff, distorted character, love, revenge摘要在呼啸山庄中，艾米丽勃朗特向读者展现了真爱。
《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格分析
文学评论·外国文学《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格分析夏越 重庆师范大学涉外商贸学院摘 要：本文主要以《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格的原因作为切入点，从报复辛德雷父子、折磨凯瑟琳和伊莎贝拉两方面探讨了希斯克利夫性格扭曲的表现。
以期为广大读者提供一些参考和意见。
关键词：《呼啸山庄》；希斯克利夫；扭曲性格作者简介：夏越（1995-），女，重庆师范大学涉外商贸学院外国语学院英语（师范）专业。
[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2016)-35-100-02《呼啸山庄》是英国著名作家爱米莉·勃朗特所著的一部小说。
小说中的主人公辛德雷、希斯克利夫一直是广大文学评价者关注的主要人物。
尤其是希斯克利夫的评价，有人认为复仇是理所当然的，因为希斯克利夫不仅遭受辛德雷的无情虐待，还要面对自己心爱之人凯瑟琳的无情背叛，在这种的双重打击之下，他把自己变的强大，是性格使然，并且最终他放弃了仇恨。
但是反对者认为他性格扭曲之后的所作所为是毫无人性的。
小说结局体现出了希斯克利夫性格的分裂，双重人格使他一直备受文学界争议。
一、《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格的原因成长环境是造成希斯克利夫扭曲性格的主要原因。
第一，希斯克利夫童年不堪的生活，他是恶势力被压迫的人。
希斯克利夫与辛德雷相比，他的出生是贫穷的，地位是低微的，他是呼啸山庄的老庄主肖恩从利物浦的大街上捡回来的弃儿，老庄主一直对他关爱有加，从而使他贫穷的生活有了很大的改善，命运开始变得幸运和快乐。
但是对他好的肖恩因为年老死去，肖恩的长子辛德雷接管了呼啸山庄，他一直将希希斯克利夫视为低贱的仆人、奴隶，从此开始无休止的羞辱、压迫、折磨希斯克利夫，剥夺希斯克利夫的一切权利，对他进行各种强制干预，不让其接受教育，不让其与心爱的凯瑟琳约会见面，只让他干永远干不完的重活，像对待牲口一样对待他，使得希斯克利夫失去了作为人的基本尊严。
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Failure66、(英语毕业论文)《了不起的盖茨比》和美国现代社会（开题报告+论文+文献综述）67、(英语毕业论文)基于微博（推特）文化的新型营销模式(开题报告+论文+文献综述)68、(英语毕业论文)《德伯家的苔丝》苔丝和《红字》海斯特的悲剧命运的比较（开题报告+论文+文献综述）69、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我70、(英语毕业论文)Comparative Study of Metaphor in English and Chinese Animal Words71、(英语毕业论文)论接受理论对儿童文学作品的影响——以《快乐王子》中译本为例（开题报告+论文）72、(英语毕业论文)高中英语听力课中的文化教学（开题报告+论文+文献综述）73、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我74、(英语毕业论文)The Use of Symbols in A Farewell to Arms（开题报告+论文+文献综述）75、(英语毕业论文)电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》中的隐喻分析（开题报告+论文）76、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我77、(英语毕业论文)初中英语语法教学之我见78、(英语毕业论文)国际商务英语合同翻译策略研究（开题报告+论文）79、(英语毕业论文)An Ecofeministic Approach to Ernest Hemingway’s “Hills Like White Elephants”（开题报告+论文+文献综述）80、(英语毕业论文)从关联理论看《茶馆》两个英译本中修辞格的处理（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）81、(英语毕业论文)解析《安娜与国王》中的民族中心主义82、(英语毕业论文)《乞力马扎罗的雪》中的象征手法解析（开题报告+论文）83、(英语毕业论文)归化与异化策略在字幕翻译中的运用（开题报告+论文+文献综述）84、(英语毕业论文)通过电视广告看中美思维模式差异85、(英语毕业论文)从叶芝的作品分析其精神世界的转变86、(英语毕业论文)从《丧钟为谁而鸣》看海明威的生死观87、(英语毕业论文)Advertising and Its Application88、(英语毕业论文)A Study of Fu Donghua’s Translation of 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Communication108、(英语毕业论文)文化语境对中西商务谈判的影响（开题报告+论文）109、(英语毕业论文)礼貌原则在口译中的应用（开题报告+论文+文献综述）110、(英语毕业论文)悖论式的唯美主义－－论王尔德的《道连•格雷的画像》（开题报告+论文+文献综述）111、(英语毕业论文)论《简•爱》中伯莎•梅森的疯癫（开题报告+论文）112、(英语毕业论文)女性主义视角下《傲慢与偏见》的情态意义解读113、(英语毕业论文)《坎特伯雷故事集》的现实主义特征114、(英语毕业论文)交际法在中学英语教学中的运用115、(英语毕业论文)元认知策略在高中英语写作教学中的运用116、(英语毕业论文)矛盾的女性意识：从《傲慢与偏见》看简•奥斯汀的婚恋观117、(英语毕业论文)浅析美剧台词中幽默的翻译——以《绝望的主妇》为例(开题报告+论文)118、(英语毕业论文)解读《欲望号街车》中的女主人公布兰琪119、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我120、(英语毕业论文)浅析英语新闻标题特点及其翻译技巧121、(英语毕业论文)电影《暮色》中人物对白的言语行为分析（开题报告+论文+文献综述）122、(英语毕业论文)汉英交替传译中的语篇衔接分析(开题报告+论文)123、(英语毕业论文)浅析简爱的双重性格124、(英语毕业论文)论英语专业八级口语测试的内容效度（开题报告+论文）125、(英语毕业论文)浅析中美婚礼习俗差异126、(英语毕业论文)从思维方式差异看英语复杂句汉译127、(英语毕业论文)从认知的角度来看主动语态在商务信函中的语用功能（开题报告+论文）128、(英语毕业论文)从广交会现场洽谈角度论英语委婉语在国际商务谈判中的功能与应用129、(英语毕业论文)从《汤姆叔叔的小屋》看斯托夫人的宗教矛盾心理130、(英语毕业论文)论本杰明•富兰克林《自传》中的美国精神131、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我132、(英语毕业论文)《女勇士》中的文化冲突与文化融合133、(英语毕业论文)民族文化差异与广告语言创意（开题报告+论文+文献综述）134、135、(英语毕业论文)概念隐喻在英语汽车广告中的应用136、(英语毕业论文)美国个人主义与中国集体主义的比较（开题报告+论文）137、(英语毕业论文)中西方餐桌礼仪的文化对比分析（开题报告+论文）138、(英语毕业论文)论高中英语写作教学中的文化意识培养（开题报告+论文+文献综述）139、(英语毕业论文)目的论视角下英语外贸函电汉译的研究（开题报告+论文）140、(英语毕业论文)中西方餐桌礼仪的文化对比分析（开题报告+论文）141、(英语毕业论文)《马太福音》对话中语气的人际意义研究142、(英语毕业论文)外贸英文函电中委婉语的特点及应用研究（开题报告+论文）143、(英语毕业论文)象征手法在《少年派的奇幻漂流》中的运用研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述）144、(英语毕业论文)从归化和异化的角度对《小妇人》的两个中文译本的比较研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述）145、(英语毕业论文)对比哈利•波特与蜘蛛侠浅析英美英雄文化差异(开题报告+论文)146、(英语毕业论文)The Elementary Stage Translation Teaching Design for Undergraduate English Majors147、(英语毕业论文)浅析美国高等教育的创新（开题报告+论文+文献综述）148、(英语毕业论文)论网络英语的特征149、(英语毕业论文)浅析《还乡》中爱格敦荒原的象征意义（开题报告+论文+文献综述）150、(英语毕业论文)中译英口译活动中母语负迁移现象的实证研究151、(英语毕业论文)Women in the Civil War: A Comparative Study of Cold Mountain and Gone with the Wind(开题报告+论文+文献综述)152、(英语毕业论文)《十日谈》中的乡村意象（开题报告+论文）153、(英语毕业论文)从《红楼梦》两个译本比较谈习语翻译的文化处理154、(英语毕业论文)纳博科夫小说《洛丽塔》的爱情讽刺155、(英语毕业论文)论哥特式手法在《呼啸山庄》中的应用（开题报告+论文）156、(英语毕业论文)从生态女性主义视角解读《喜福会》157、(英语毕业论文)麦都思眼中的中国宗教形象（开题报告+论文+文献综述）158、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我159、(英语毕业论文)中西方饮食文化的差异160、(英语毕业论文)人性的救赎——从电影《辛德勒的名单》看美国英雄主义的新侧面（开题报告+论文+文献综述）161、(英语毕业论文)目的论视角下电影字幕的翻译162、(英语毕业论文)“词块”理论及应用前景探微（开题报告+论文+文献综述）163、(英语毕业论文)英汉“走类”动词短语概念隐喻的对比研究（开题报告+论文+文献综述+外文翻译）164、(英语毕业论文)《月亮与六便士》中查尔斯•思特里克兰德的追寻自我165、(英语毕业论文)An Analysis of the Cultural Identity in Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club166、(英语毕业论文)On the Translation of Psychological Description in Wuthering Heights from the Perspective of Functional 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