被动语态的几种特殊用法

被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有：“act，addup，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，ma ke up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。

The window won’t open．(这扇窗户打不开。

)The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。

)Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。

)She doesn’t photograph well．(她不上相。

)His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。

)The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。

)Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。

)It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。

)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。

My hair needs cutting。

．The bike wants repairing．It doesn’t deserve mentioning．Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。

)3)一些固定句型如："be worth doing sth．have/get sth．(sb.)done"，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。

)Mr.．Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday．(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。

The bike is under(in)repair．(自行车正在修理中。

)This tape recorder is in use．(这种录音机正在使用中。

)4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义：①There be句型：There are a lot of things to do．There is nothing to worry about．②不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时：I want some clothes to wash．Do you have anything to say for yourself?③不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：His sister gave him a bike to ride．My father get me a book to read．5)少数动词的进行时，有时表示被动意义：Her works are printing．The drum is beating．My new house is building．(2)“It is+V-ed+that-??"结构表示被动常用的这类结构有：“it is said that…”(据说)；It is supposed that…(据推测)；It is well known that"…(众所周知)；It is believed that"…(据信)；It is reported that"…(据报导)；It is hoped that"…(人们希望)；It is generally considered that"…(有人认为)；1twill be seen that"…(由此可以看出)；It must be admitted that…(必须承认)；It must be pointed out that…(必须指出)”等。

It is believed／thought that this medicine works well．It is required(of)him that he give the evidence．(要求我提供证据)It is feared that he could not come here．It is estimated that a flight to Shanghai would take more than one hour．It is often realized that women held a high social position in the Southern European societies in the 10th and llth centuries．(3) “get + p.p.(动词的过去分词)"表示被动：这种结构往往用来强调动作的结果，也可用来表示突然发生的事态，或最终出现的某种事实，是一种非正式语体。

Did the question get answered?A Boeing 747 got crashed last week．The house is getting painted／repaired．The building got damaged in the flood．Thousands of soldiers got killed in the war．As I passed by, my coat got caught on a nail．[注]在下列句子中，不能使用“get + p.p. (动词的过去分词)”结构。

误：He got born in 1976．正：He was born in 1976．误：The stow got written by him．正：The story Was writ．ten by him．误：The conference got being held in London．正：The conference is being held in London．(4) 注意以下被动语态的几种情况1)短语动词变为被动语态后，其后的介词或副词应紧随其后。

Frank was brought up by his aunt．The babies are well looked after．The meeting Was put off．The salesman was put out by Mr.．Wilson’s question．(威尔逊先生的问题把那位售货员惹火了。

)2)“Verb+宾语+宾补”变为被动语态后，宾语转化为主语，宾补转化为主补。

The wall Was painted white．(We painted the wal1 white．)He is regarded as smart (We regarded him as smart．)The house was found empty．(We found the house empty．)He Was heard to play the guitar in the next door．(I heard him play the guitar in the next door选择题1._ a new library _in our school last year?A.Is; builtB.Was; bulitC.Does; buildD.Did; build2.An accident _ on this road last week.A.has been happenedB.was happenedC.is happenedD.happened3.Cotton _in the southeast of China.A.is grownB.are grownC.growsD.grow4.So far,the moon _by man already.A.is visitedB.will be visitedC.has been visitedD.was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _in th school hall next week.A.is givenB.has been givenC.will be givenD.gives6.How many trees _this year?A.are plantedB.will plantC.have been plantedD.planted7.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now.A.are doingB.are being doneC.has been doneD.will be done8.Neither of them _in China.A.is madeB.are madeC.were madeD.made9.Look! A nice picture _for our teacher.A.is drawingB.is being drawnC.has been drawnD.draws10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair.A.wear outB.worn outC.are worn outD.is worn11.The doctor _ for yet.A.isn't sentB.hasn't been sentC.won't be sentD.wasn't sent12.--When _this kind of computers_? --Last year.A.did; useB.was; usedC.is; usedD.are; used13.The Great Wall _all over the world.A.knowsB.knewC.is knownD.was known14.I _in summer.A.bornB.was bornC.have been bornD.am born15.He says that Mr Zhang _to the factory next week.A.is sentB.would sendC.was sentD.will be sent16.Who _this book _?A.did; writtenB.was; written byC.did; writtenD.was;written17.Mary _show me her new dictionary.A.has asked toB.was asked toC.is askedD.asks to18.A story _by Granny yesterday.A.was told usB.was told to usC.is told usD.told us19.The monkey was seen _off the tree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.to jump20.The school bag _behind the chair.A.putsB.can be putC.can be puttedD.can put21.Older people _well.A.looks afterB.must be looked afterC.must look afterD.looked after22.Our teacher _carefully.A.should be listened toB.should be listenC.be listenedD.is listened.把句子改写成被动语态1.They make machines in that factory.2.Every body likes this song.3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. 4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan.5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble.6.Do the workers build many buildings? 7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? 8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu?9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?10.How many desks do they buy every term?11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.12.Granny told us a story last night. 13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?16.When did she cook supper yesterday? 17.Where did she make them? 18.Whose ruler did you( )45 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.A. can mendB. can mendedC. can be mendD. can be mended( )46 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.A. is going to be rebuiltB. will rebuilt ‘C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( )47 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shownB. will shownC. will showD. is shown( )48 The old stone bridge ___ next week.A. is going to be rebuiltB. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuiltD. will rebuild( )49 Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.A. have keptB. are keepingC. have been keepingD. have been kept ( )50 The pot ___ for ___ hot water.A. used; keepingB. was used; keepingC. is used; to keepD. are used; keep ( )51 Tea ___ in the south of China.A. growsB. is grownC. were grownD. will grow( )55 The bridges___ two years ago. WO It's a Haidian top problemA. is builtB. builtC. were builtD. was built( ) 56 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hangB. hangedC. hangingD. hung( ) 57The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throwB. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throwD. stop from throwing( )58 The teapot ___ water.A. is filled withB. filled ofC. fulling ofD. filled( )59 Old people must be looked ^fter well and ___ politely.A. speak toB. spokenC. speakD. spoken to( )60Old people must ___.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well( ) 61 Newly-born babies___in hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care( ) 62 They were___ at the sudden noise.A. frighteningB. frightenedC. frightenD. frightens( ) 63 These walls___stone.A. are made ofB. made ofC. are made intoD. made into( ) 64 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. calledB. was askedC. toldD. was said( ) 65 The papers ___ to them.A. were shownB. showC. shownD. have shown( )66The coat___her sister.A. made toB. were made forC. was made forD. was made to( )67 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gaveB. was givingC. had givenD. was given( ) 68 Good care____such things.A. should take ofB. should be takenC. should be takingD. should be taken ofOur desks and chairs ________________ (make) of wood. The paper of books and newspapers ______ also ___________ (make) from wood. Even some kinds of cloth __________________ (make) from it. Many people____________ (burn) wood to keep themselves warm in winter. Indeed, wood _______ (be) important in our everyday life.Where ________ wood __________ (come) from? It ________________ (take) from trees which _____________(grow) in the mountains. _________ you ____________ (know) how it ____________ (get) to us from the mountains?First of all, trees ___________(cut) down when they ______________(grow) big enough. Then their branches _______________ (cut) off, and logs_______________(make).These heavy logs ________________(put) together in different ways and _________________ (take) down to the foot of the mountains. Some of them _________________ (float使漂流) down the small rivers and others _________________ (carry) down on trains.Big trees ________________(cut) down in the mountains every year. Then young ones ______________________ (must, plant) so that we ______ always ________________ (can, have) enough wood. We have to take good care of mountains so that they __________ always _________________ (may, cover) with growing trees.1. When I got to his office, I __________ that he_________ out.A. told, had beenB. was told, wasC. had told, wasD. was told, had been2. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ______ for too long.A. cookedB. were cookedC. had cookedD. had been cooked A. told, had been3. The anti-Japanese war ______ in 1937 and it ______ eight years.A. was broken, lastedB. broke out, lastedC. break out, lastedD. broke out, was lasted4. She was heard ________ an English song.A. to singB. singC. sangD. to be sang5. These boxes are very heavy ___.A. be carriedB. carryC. carriedD. be carrying6. The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things ________.A. had been broken into, has been stolenB. has broken into, has been stolenC. had been broken into, stolenD. has broken into, has stolen7. Coal can ________ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A. have usedB. usedC. be usedD. use8. John has never dreamt of _________.A. taken to AthensB. taking to AthensC. be taking to AthensD. being taken to Athens9. Nobody likes __________.A. laughed atB. laughing atC. being laughed atD. being laughed10. The bridge ___________ will be completed next year.A. builtB. being builtC. is being builtD. building( ) 1 The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken( ) 3 This English song___ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used2( ) 1 Our room must ___ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.A. it soldB. it's sellingC. It's been soldD. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building( ) 4 The key ___ on the table when I leave.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left( ) 5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( ) 6 His new book___ next month.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published3( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country.A. is not spokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended?B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost?D. Can't they mended?( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. DoesB. HasC. Is D . Are( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed?A. WillB. AreC. HasD. Do5( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting holdB. wasn't a meeting heldC. wasn't held a meetingD. a meeting wasn't held( ) 2 Who was the book___?A. writeB. wroteC. writtenD. written by( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made?A. wasB. wereC. isD. am6( ) 1 The flowers ___ often.A. must be waterB. must be wateredC. must wateredD. must water( ) 2 The books may___ for two weeks.A. be keptB. be borrowedC. keepD. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith.A. can mendB. can mendedC. can be mendD. can be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.A. is going to be rebuiltB. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shownB. will shownC. will showD. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge ___ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines__ in the library for a long time.A. have keptB. are keepingC. have been keepingD. have been kept( ) 2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea ___ in the south of China.A. growsB. is grownC. were grownD. will grow( ) 4 The bridges___ two years ago.A. is builtB. builtC. were builtD. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throwB. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throwD. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot ___ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely.A. speak toB. spokenC. speakD. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must ___.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well afterD. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies___in hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care( ) 2 They were___ at the sudden noise.A. frighteningB. frightenedC. frightenD. frightens( ) 3 These walls ___ stone.A. are made ofB. made of.C. are made intoD. made into11( ) 1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. calledB. was askedC. toldD. was said( ) 2 The papers ___ to them.A. were shownB. showC. shown /D. have shown( ) 3 The coat___her sister.A. made toB. were made forC. was made forD. was made to12( ) 1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gaveB. was givingC. had givenD. was given( ) 2 Good care____such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She will____good care____.A. take; ofB. be taken; ofC. take; for youD. be taken; of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him___ his homework.A. to doB. doC. didD. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to cleanB. made cleanC. made to cleanD. was made clean( ) 3 These children____dance.A. were seen toB. were seen forC. were seenD. saw to14( ) 1 These stones___well.A. are fittedB. fitC. fitsD. is fitted( ) 2 The bike ___ 500 yuan.A. was costB. costedC. costD. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year.A. was'hadB. was heldC. heldD. had15( ) 1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.A. took placeB. have taken placeC. were taking placeD. had taken place( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it____.A. was broken downB. is wrongC. is badD. has broken down( ) 3 Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.A. have happenedB. happenedC. have been happenedD. were happened( ) 4 The watch has often ___ down.A. satB. lainC. brokenD. fell16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one___.A. is brokenB. is breakingC. brokeD. broken( ) 2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing( ) 3 What time ___ the door ___ every day?A. does; closedB. does; closeC. is; closedD. /; close17( ) 1 Can he___ himself?A. get dressB. get dressedC. gets dressedD. instead of( ) 2 He fell from his bike and ___.A. is hurtB. gets hurtC. got hurtD. hurt( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__A. burntB. burnC. burningD. get burn18( ) 1 The apple___very sweet.A. is tastedB. taste -C. tastesD. are tasting( ) 2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.A. seeB. watchC. lookD. look at( ) 3 What you said ___. like a good idea.A. heardB. listenedC. soundD. sounded19( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time.A. watchingB. watchedC. seenD. seeing( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need___.A. to cleanB. cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned( ) 3 The book is worth ___.A. seeingB. readingC. seenD. read参考答案：1. 1-5 B D D D C2. 1-6 B C B B C A3. 1-3 A B B4. 1-3 A B A5. 1-3B D B6. 1-3 B A D7. 1-3 A B A8. 1-5 D B B C D9. 1-4 B AD D10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B。