糖尿病全英文
医学常见疾病中英文名称对照表
医学常见疾病中英文名称对照表在医学领域中，了解疾病的中英文对照名称是非常重要的。
这有助于医务人员之间的沟通以及医疗文件的准确填写。
下面是一份医学常见疾病的中英文对照表，旨在帮助读者更好地理解和运用医学术语。
1.感冒 - Common Cold2.发烧 - Fever3.肺炎 - Pneumonia4.流感 - Influenza5.哮喘 - Asthma6.鼻炎 - Rhinitis7.咳嗽 - Cough8.胃炎 - Gastritis9.病毒性肝炎 - Viral Hepatitis10.糖尿病 - Diabetes11.高血压 - Hypertension12.心脏病 - Heart Disease13.中风 - Stroke14.肺癌 - Lung Cancer15.乳腺癌 - Breast Cancer16.糖尿病 - Diabetes17.结肠癌 - Colon Cancer18.肾炎 - Nephritis19.结石 - Kidney Stones20.脑炎 - Encephalitis21.关节炎 - Arthritis22.精神分裂症 - Schizophrenia23.抑郁症 - Depression24.帕金森氏综合症 - Parkinson's disease25.带状疱疹 - Shingles26.痔疮 - Hemorrhoids27.溃疡 - Ulcer28.白血病 - Leukemia29.贫血 - Anemia30.哮喘 - Asthma31.癫痫 - Epilepsy32.脑震荡 - Concussion33.鼻窦炎 - Sinusitis34.失眠 - Insomnia35.口腔溃疡 - Mouth Ulcer36.胰腺炎 - Pancreatitis37.食道炎 - Esophagitis38.乙肝 - Hepatitis B39.皮炎 - Dermatitis40.耳聋 - Hearing Loss41.近视 - Myopia42.视力矫正 - Vision Correction43.青光眼 - Glaucoma44.白内障 - Cataract45.斑秃 - Alopecia Areata46.牙龈炎 - Periodontitis47.口腔癌 - Oral Cancer48.食管癌 - Esophageal Cancer49.脑膜炎 - Meningitis50.心肌梗塞 - Myocardial Infarction51.胃溃疡 - Gastric Ulcer52.胆囊炎 - Cholecystitis53.甲状腺癌 - Thyroid Cancer54.乙状结肠炎 - Ulcerative Colitis55.脑瘤 - Brain Tumor56.胰腺癌 - Pancreatic Cancer57.子宫肌瘤 - Uterine Fibroids58.子宫内膜异位症 - Endometriosis59.前列腺炎 - Prostatitis60.尿道感染 - Urinary Tract Infection61.卵巢癌 - Ovarian Cancer62.霍奇金淋巴瘤 - Hodgkin's Lymphoma63.肺气肿 - Emphysema64.动脉硬化 - Arteriosclerosis65.心律失常 - Arrhythmia66.肾功能衰竭 - Renal Failure67.脂肪肝 - Fatty Liver68.颈椎病 - Cervical Spondylosis69.胆结石 - Gallstones70.乳腺纤维瘤 - Breast Fibroadenoma71.淋巴结炎 - Lymphadenitis72.胰腺瘤 - Pancreatic Tumor73.高血脂 - Hyperlipidemia74.直肠癌 - Rectal Cancer75.食管瘤 - Esophageal Tumor76.胰腺囊肿 - Pancreatic Cyst77.肝脏肿瘤 - Liver Tumor78.子宫颈炎 - Cervicitis79.子宫肌腺症 - Adenomyosis80.乳腺增生 - Breast Hyperplasia81.肠胃炎 - Gastroenteritis82.胰腺功能不全 - Pancreatic Insufficiency83.髋关节炎 - Hip Arthritis84.慢性阻塞性肺疾病 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)85.痤疮 - Acne86.甲状腺炎 - Thyroiditis87.脂溢性皮炎 - Seborrheic Dermatitis88.扁平苔藓 - Tinea Versicolor89.神经性斑秃 - Androgenic Alopecia90.子宫肌瘤 - Uterine Leiomyoma这是一份医学常见疾病的中英文名称对照表，仅供参考。
糖尿病
糖尿病疾病常识英文名称：diabetes mellitus, DM别称：消渴症临床症状：多饮、多食、多尿、乏力并发疾病：肾盂肾炎、膀胱炎、糖尿病酮症酸中毒好发人群：肥胖者、长期高糖、高脂饮食者、直系亲属有糖尿病病史者就诊指南就诊科室：内分泌科治疗周期：需要终身间歇性治疗常用药品：磺酰脲类、二甲双胍、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂、胰岛素增敏常用检查：尿糖测定、口服葡萄糖耐量试验、糖化血红蛋白测定是否医保：是概览定义糖尿病是一组由多病因引起以慢性高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病，是由于膜岛素分泌和（或）利用缺陷所引起。
长期碳水化合物以及脂肪、蛋白质代谢紊乱可引起多系统损害，导致眼、肾、神经、心脏、血管等组织器官慢性进行性病变、功能减退及衰竭；病情严重或应激时可发生急性严重代谢紊乱，如糖尿病酣症酸中毒（DKA）、高渗高血糖综合征。
流行病学糖尿病是常见病、多发病，目前在全球范围内，糖尿病的患病率与发病率极攀升。
1.以2型糖尿病为例，2013年全国调查中2型糖尿病患病率为10.4%，男性高于女性（11.1%比9.6%）。
2.各民族间的糖尿病患病率存在较大差异：满族15.0%、汉族14.7%、维吾尔族12.2%、壮族12.0%、回族10.6%、藏族4.3%。
3.未诊断糖尿病比例较高。
2013年全国调查中，未诊断的糖尿病患者占总数的63%。
4.肥胖和超重人群糖尿病患病率显著增加，肥胖人群糖尿病患病率升高了2倍。
2013年按体质指数（BMI）分层显示，BMI<25 kg/m^2者糖尿病患病率为7.8%、25 kg/m2≤BMI<30 kg/m^2者患病率为15.4%，BMI≥30 kg/m^2者患病率为21.2%。
疾病分类我国目前采用WHO1999年的病因学分型体系，将糖尿病分为以下四大类：1.1型糖尿病：胰岛B细胞破坏，导致胰岛素绝对缺乏。
又分为免疫介导性和特发性（无自身免疫证据）。
2.2型糖尿病：以胰岛素抵抗为主伴胰岛素进行性分泌不足和以胰岛素进行性分泌不足为主伴胰岛素抵抗。
糖尿病英文简介
Diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseas es in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications ca n include diabetic ketoacidosis（酮症酸中毒）, nonketotic hyperosmolar coma（高糖昏迷）, or death. Serious long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, chronic kidney f ailure, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.There are three main types of diab etes mellitus:Type 1 DM results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin.Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistanceGestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood-sugar levels.Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure and maintai ning proper foot care are important for people with the disease. Type 1 DM must be m anaged with insulin injections.Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or witho ut insulin.Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.Weight loss surger y in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.Gest ational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.。
糖尿病全英文课件(共23张PPT)可编辑全文
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Oral Medications
[stimulating the pancreas produce more insulin ]
oral glucose ≥11.1
tolerance test ≥ 7.8 and ＜11.1
＜7.8
diagnose
diabetes
Gestational diabetes absence of insulin
Use of alcohol
Sulfonylureas Biguanides being a member of a high-risk group
Other types
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
1 accompanied with symptoms Sulfonylureas complications Differences between type1 and type2
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Sulfonylureas
Thiazolidinediones insufficient insulin Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms life depends on insulin.
糖尿病简介英文版
糖尿病简介英文版Diabetes Mellitus: An OverviewIntroduction:Diabetes Mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It affects millions of individuals worldwide and poses a significant healthcare challenge. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of diabetes, its types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management.Types of Diabetes:There are three main types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.1. Type 1 Diabetes:Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, typically occurs in children and young adults. It is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin therapy.2. Type 2 Diabetes:Type 2 diabetes, the most common form, occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or fails to produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels effectively. It is often associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits. Initially, it can be managed with lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and possibly oral medications. In severe cases, insulin therapy may be required.3. Gestational Diabetes:Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth. It occurs when hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to insulin resistance. If left uncontrolled, it can pose risks for both the mother and the baby. Proper monitoring and management are crucial to prevent complications.Causes of Diabetes:The causes of diabetes vary depending on the type:1. Type 1 Diabetes:The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain genes make individuals more susceptible to developing type 1 diabetes, and environmental triggers, such as viral infections, may initiate the autoimmune response.2. Type 2 Diabetes:Type 2 diabetes is primarily attributed to lifestyle factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating habits, and genetic predisposition. Excessive body weight and abdominal fat accumulation increase insulin resistance, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.3. Gestational Diabetes:The hormonal changes during pregnancy are the main cause of gestational diabetes. These hormones can obstruct the action of insulin, resulting in high blood sugar levels.Symptoms of Diabetes:The symptoms of diabetes can vary, but some common signs include:1. Frequent urination2. Excessive thirst3. Unexplained weight loss4. Fatigue5. Blurred vision6. Slow healing of wounds7. Tingling sensation or numbness in the hands and feetDiagnosis of Diabetes:Diabetes can be diagnosed through various tests, including:1. Fasting Plasma Glucose Test: Measures blood sugar levels after fasting for at least 8 hours.2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Measures blood sugar levels before and 2 hours after consuming a glucose-rich drink.3. Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Test: Measures average blood sugar levels over the past three months.Management of Diabetes:Diabetes management aims to keep blood sugar levels within the target range to prevent complications. It primarily involves:1. Healthy Eating: A well-balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats is essential. Avoiding sugary foods and drinks helps control blood sugar levels.2. Regular Exercise: Engaging in physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week helps improve insulin sensitivity and regulate blood sugar levels.3. Medications: Depending on the type and severity of diabetes, oral medications, injectable drugs, or insulin may be prescribed to manage blood sugar levels effectively.4. Regular Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and periodic check-ups with healthcare professionals are crucial for adjusting treatment plans and preventing complications.Conclusion:Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition requiring lifelong management. Understanding the types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management strategies is crucial in effectively controlling blood sugar levels and preventing complications. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and working closely with healthcare professionals, individuals with diabetes can lead fulfilling lives and minimize the risks associated with the disease.。
糖尿病英文简介
Diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseas es in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications ca n include diabetic ketoacidosis(酮症酸中毒), nonketotic hyperosmolar coma(高糖昏迷), or death. Serious long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, chronic kidney f ailure, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.There are three main types of diab etes mellitus:Type 1 DM results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin.Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistanceGestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop highblood-sugar levels.Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet,regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure and maintai ning proper foot care are important for people with the disease. Type 1 DM must be m anaged withinsulin injections.Type 2 DM may be treated with medications with or witho ut insulin.Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar.Weight loss surger y in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 DM.Gest ational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.。
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
few
less then type 2 DM leading cause of death
low or lack
usually + insulin dependence
FPG FPG
(mmol/L)
DM
7.0
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱIFG
IG
6.1
T
NGT
IGT
7.8 11.1
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
75gOGTT 2hPG
(mmol/L)
Comparison of type 1 and type 2 DM
Usual age of onset Mode of onset weight
symptoms
Other specific types Gestational diabetes**
糖尿病英文版资料讲解
Other specific types
Genetic defects of beta-cell function Genetic defects in insulin action Diseases of the exocrine pancreas Endocrinopathies Drug- or chemical-induced Infections Uncommon forms of immune-
Type 2 DM：amyloidosis of pancreas
糖尿病相关英文词汇
DM相关英文词汇小结1、Diabetes mellitus糖尿病2、hyperglycemia高血糖3、abnormalities异常4、insulin secretion胰岛素分泌5、insulin sensitivity胰岛素敏感性6、microvascular complications微血管并发症7、macrovascular complications大血管并发症8、neuropathic complications神经并发症9、ensue出现、发生10、immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β -cells免疫介导的胰岛β细胞损伤11、long preclinical period亚临床期长12、transient remission疾病短暂好转13、honeymoon phase蜜月期14、autoantibodies自身抗体15、islet cell antibody胰岛细胞抗体17、insulin antibodies胰岛素抗体18、lipolysis脂肪分解19、free fatty acid production游离脂肪酸生成20、increased hepatic glucose production 肝糖生成增加21、decreased skeletal muscle uptake of glucose肌肉组织对葡萄糖摄取下降22、a diabetogenic lifestyle (excessive calories, inadequate exercise, and obesity)易导致糖尿病的生活方式(能量过度摄入、锻炼不足、肥胖)23、superimposed upon协同24、a susceptible genotype易感基因25、glucocorticoids糖皮质激素26、pentamidine喷她脒27、niacin烟酸28、α-interferonα-干扰素29、Impaired fasting glucose,IFG空腹血糖受损(5、6–6、9 mmol/L)30、impaired glucose tolerance,IGT糖耐量受损(7、8–11、0 mmol/L)31、retinopathyDM视网膜病变32、neuropathyDM神经病变33、nephropathyDM肾病34、coronary heart disease冠心病35、stroke中风36、peripheral vascular disease外周血管病变37、prone to develop diabetic ketoacidosis 自发酮症倾向38、severe stress严重应激39、insulin counterregulatory hormones胰岛素对抗激素40、asymptomatic无症状41、unrelated blood testing随机血糖42、Lethargy无精打采43、polyuria多尿44、nocturia夜尿45、polydipsia烦渴46、Hemoglobin A1C(glycosylated hemoglobin)糖化血红蛋白(≥6、5%为诊断标准) 46、Fasting plasma glucose空腹血糖(≥126 mg/dL (7、0 mmol/L)为诊断标准)47、oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)口服糖耐量检测48、75 g anhydrous glucose75g无水葡萄糖(折合82、5g一水葡萄糖) 49、Two-hour plasma glucose2小时血糖(≥200 mg/dL (111、1 mmol/L)为诊断标准)50、 A random plasma glucose concentration 随机血糖(≥200 mg/dL (111、1 mmol/L)为诊断标准)51、hyperglycemic crisis高血糖危象52、positive family history家族史阳性53、ameliorate symptoms of hyperglycemia 控制高血糖症状54、Glycemic Goals血糖控制目标55、Preprandial plasma glucose餐前血糖56、Postprandial plasma glucose餐后血糖57、American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists美国临床内分泌医师学会AACE58、American College of Endocrinology 美国内分泌学会ACE59、American Diabetes Association美国糖尿病协会ADA60、aggressive management 强化控制61、smoking cessation戒烟62、treatment of dyslipidemia调节血脂异常63、intensive blood pressure强化血压控制64、antiplatelet therapy抗血小板治疗65、dietary and exercise modifications 改变饮食锻炼习惯66、self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)自我血糖监测67、low in saturated fat饱与脂肪限量68、caloric restriction控制热量69、Bedtime and between meal snacks 睡前及餐间零食70、Aerobic exercise有氧锻炼71、sedentary patients既往运动较少的病人72、atherosclerotic disease动脉粥样硬化疾病73、subcutaneously皮下注射74、Humalog (insulin lispro)赖脯胰岛素(优泌乐®)75、NovoLog (insulin aspart)门冬胰岛素(诺与锐®)76、Apidra (insulin glulisine)赖谷胰岛素(Apidra®,目前还没有中文名) 77、Rapid-acting insulins速效胰岛素78、Short-acting insulins短效胰岛素79、Humulin R (regular)优泌林®R80、Novolin R (regular)诺与灵®R81、Intermediate-acting insulins (neutral protamine Hagedorn)120、Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors二肽基转肽酶-4抑制剂121、Sitagliptin西格列汀(捷诺维®,Januvia®)122、Saxagliptin沙格列汀(安立泽®,Onglyza®)123、Glyburide/metformin格列本脲/二甲双胍(Glucovance®)124、Glipizide/metformin (N) Metaglip格列吡嗪/二甲双胍(Metaglip®)125、Rosiglitazone/metformin罗格列酮/二甲双胍(文达敏®,Avandamet®) 126、long half-life drugs长半衰期药物127、skip meals,误餐128、exercise vigorously高强度锻炼129、skin rash皮疹130、hemolytic anemia溶血性贫血131、GI upset胃肠道不适132、cholestasis胆汁淤积133、Hyponatremia低钠血症134、glucose dependent insulin release葡萄糖依赖的胰岛素释放(格列奈类) 135、the medication should also be skipped 误餐,当餐药物也无需服用136、insulin-sensitive tissues胰岛素敏感组织137、hepatic and peripheral (muscle) tissues肝脏及外周(肌肉)组织138、basal-bolus therapy基础联合餐时胰岛素方案136、glycemic lability、血糖不稳定137、preprandial SMBG level餐前血糖监测水平138、upcoming activity level未来运动量139、anticipated carbohydrate intake预计摄食水平140、Carbohydrate counting碳水化合物计量141、diminish aggregation减少聚集142、greater glycemic control严格控制血糖143、erratic postprandial control餐后血糖控制不佳144、judiciously titrated based on GI adverse effects and postprandial glycemic goals根据胃肠道不良反应及血糖控制水平调整剂量145、Symptomatic patients有症状的患者146、worsen insulin resistance加重胰岛素抵抗147、therapeutic lifestyle measures治疗性生活方式改善148、Obese patients (>120% ideal body weight)肥胖患者(标准体重120%)149、Near-normal-weight patients体重基本正常的患者150、disease progresses on metformin therapy应用二甲双胍期间病情进展151、on multiple therapies正在应用多种治疗方案152、bedtime injection晚间(胰岛素)注射153、Intensify management强化治疗方案154、Less intensive management非强化治疗方案155、intact hypoglycemia awareness有低血糖症状(未受损伤)156、used at the discretion of the clinician 在医师的监护下用药157、ophthalmologist201、fibrate贝特类药物202、polyuria多尿203、polydipsia多饮,烦渴204、Finer insulin adjustments更为精细的血糖调节205、nocturnal sweating夜汗206、palpitations心悸207、microalbuminuria微量白蛋白尿208、albuminuria白蛋白尿209、dilated ophthalmologic exams散瞳查眼底210、influenza and pneumococcal vaccine 流感及肺炎疫苗。