糖尿病全英文课件
radom
≥11.1 accompaniedabetes
autoimmune disease presence of antibodies connected with viruses and
environmental toxins absence of insulin life depends on insulin. LADA (Latent Autoimmune
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome Western lifestyle
Use of alcohol Smoking Sedentary ways Gaining more than normal weight Eating fewer than three meals a day A diet high in fat
insulin
Diabetes complications
Acute decompensation
Hyperosmolar coma
ketoacidosis
chronic complications
nerve damage
Macrovascular disease
microvascular disease
usually before 40 if after 40 usually slow onset
often thin
usually after 40, although increasing in younger people
often overweight, especially apple figure
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
tachycardia
Postural hypotension
Impotence
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Time of Check Plasma blood glucose
Range (mmol/l)
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Differences between type1 and type2
feature
Type 1
Type 2
Insulin production Age at onset
Physical appearance Symptoms
Treatment
absent
normal or abnormal
Diabetes in Adults )
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
Absence of
insulin
High Plsama glucose
Protein catabolism
osmoti c
diuresi Wesight
loss
Polydipsia Polyuria polyphgia
Lipolysis increase
FFA Augment
ketonemia
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Risk factors for developing diabetes
being age 45 or over being overweight being a member of a high-risk group having close relatives with diabetes having given birth to a baby that weighed
DIABETES
Insulin: The Key to Turning Food into Energy
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Definition
Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Gestational diabetes Other types
sudden onset:greater
gradual, subtle onset
thirst,urination, hunger, of similar symptoms weight loss, blurred vision,
infections
insulin, diet, exercise
diet, exercise, oral agents and/or
合集下载
Diabetes糖尿病英文PPT学习课件
thyroid/o
thyroid 甲状腺
thyroiditis thyroidectomy hypothyroidism
ovari/o
ovary 卵巢
ovariotomy ovaritis ovariopathy
-trophic
nutrition,growth, neurotrophic nourishment thymotrophic 营养（的） adrenotrophic
meaning
内胚层 内镜 内质
甲状腺炎 甲状腺切除术 甲状腺功能减退
卵巢切开术 卵巢炎 卵巢病
神经营养性的 促胸腺的 促肾上腺的
2019/11/2
44
contents
01 Brief Introduction 02 Classification 03 The major factors 04 Pathogenesis 05 Clinical Manifestations 06 Complications 07 Diagnosis 08 Antidiastole 09 Therapy
肾上腺炎 抗肾上腺素的 肾上腺病
2019/11/2
22
Terminology
Combining form meaning prefix and suffix
pancreat/o
pancreas 胰腺
gluc/o
sugar 糖
glyc/o
sugar 糖
insulin/o
insulin 胰岛素
terminology
6
02 Classification
2.1 Type 1 diabetes
The pancreas undergoes an autoimmune attack by the body itself,and is rendered incapable of making insulin.Abnormal antibodies have been found in the majority of patients with type1 diabetes.Antibodies are proteins in the blood that are part of the body‘s immune system,the patient with type1 diabetes must rely on insulin medication for survival.
糖尿病基础知识英文课件
CHAPTER 03
Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes
Diagnostic criteria for diabetes
Random (casual) blood glucose level
A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher with symptoms of diabetes such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss also indicates diabetes.
Insulin Deficiency or Resistance
In Type 1 diabetes, there is a significant reduction in insulin production by the pancreas, while in Type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to inadequate glucose uptake and utilization.
An HbA1c of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. This test measures the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months.
Treatment of diabetes
01 02 03
Comorbidities and complications
Diabetes can lead to various serious health complications, including cardiovascular diseases, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, nerve damage, and amputations.
糖尿病全英文课件(共23张PPT)可编辑全文
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Oral Medications
[stimulating the pancreas produce more insulin ]
oral glucose ≥11.1
tolerance test ≥ 7.8 and ＜11.1
＜7.8
diagnose
diabetes
Gestational diabetes absence of insulin
Use of alcohol
Sulfonylureas Biguanides being a member of a high-risk group
Other types
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
1 accompanied with symptoms Sulfonylureas complications Differences between type1 and type2
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Sulfonylureas
Thiazolidinediones insufficient insulin Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms life depends on insulin.
糖尿病 Diabetes 英语ppt
There are 3 main types of DM
• Type 1 DM （Ⅰ型糖尿病） • Type 2 DM （Ⅱ型糖尿病） • Gestational diabetes（妊娠糖尿病）
Although each type of diabetes symptoms （症状） are similar or the same, but the causes and their distribution in different the crowd（在人群中的分布） was different.
Anyway
Eat fewer snacks Eat more vegetables Sleep enouup 5
1.Lifestyle：diet, exercise，smoking 2.Medication：anti-diabetic medication 3.Insulin therapy（胰岛素治疗）
Suggestion
In our daily lives，we should
• eat the cereal food（谷物食物） and aviod having too much fat • never keeping seated for too long,and doing some sports everyday • have enough sleep • have a physical examination regularly （It can help us find out our healthy problems earlier so that we won‘t miss the best chance to heal them.）
Symptom
• • • • frequent urination尿频 increased thirst口渴 increased hunger饥饿 lose weight消瘦
• Type 1 DM （Ⅰ型糖尿病） • Type 2 DM （Ⅱ型糖尿病） • Gestational diabetes（妊娠糖尿病）
Although each type of diabetes symptoms （症状） are similar or the same, but the causes and their distribution in different the crowd（在人群中的分布） was different.
Anyway
Eat fewer snacks Eat more vegetables Sleep enouup 5
1.Lifestyle：diet, exercise，smoking 2.Medication：anti-diabetic medication 3.Insulin therapy（胰岛素治疗）
Suggestion
In our daily lives，we should
• eat the cereal food（谷物食物） and aviod having too much fat • never keeping seated for too long,and doing some sports everyday • have enough sleep • have a physical examination regularly （It can help us find out our healthy problems earlier so that we won‘t miss the best chance to heal them.）
Symptom
• • • • frequent urination尿频 increased thirst口渴 increased hunger饥饿 lose weight消瘦
糖尿病全英文课件教学文案
sudden onset:greater
gradual, subtle onset
thirst,urination, hunger, of similar symptoms weight loss, blurred vision,
infections
insulin, diet, exercise
diet, exercise, oral agents and/or
insulin
Diabetes complications
Acute decompensation
Hyperosmolar coma
ketoacidosis
chronic complications
nerve damage
Macrovascular disease
microvascular disease
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Motor neuropathy
Gastroparesis
Bladder neuropathy
Diarrhea or Constipation
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood
having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
糖尿病全英文课件
英文糖尿病PPT课件
II.Type 2diabetes ( may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with insulin resistance )
Ranging from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance
Classification (2)
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)
diagnosed during pregnancy
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(1)
I.Type 1diabetes ( -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency ) A. immune mediated B. Idiopathic
Other specific types of diabetes
Due to other causes, e.g.,genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas, drug or chemical induced
III.Other specific types A. genetic defects of -cell function 1. Chromosome 12, HNF-1 (MODY3) 2. Chromosome 7, glucokinase (MODY2) 3. Chromosome 20, HNF-4 (MODY1) 4. Mitochondrial DNA 5. Others B. Genetic defects in insulin action 1. Type A insulin resistance 2. Leprechaunism 3. Rabson- Mendenhall syndrome 4. Lipoatrophic disease 5. Others C. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas 1. Pancreatitis 2. Trauma / pancreatectomy 3. Neoplasia 4. Cystic fibrosis 5. Hemochromatosis 6. Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy 7. Others
Ranging from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance
Classification (2)
Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)
diagnosed during pregnancy
Etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus(1)
I.Type 1diabetes ( -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency ) A. immune mediated B. Idiopathic
Other specific types of diabetes
Due to other causes, e.g.,genetic defects in insulin action, diseases of the exocrine pancreas, drug or chemical induced
III.Other specific types A. genetic defects of -cell function 1. Chromosome 12, HNF-1 (MODY3) 2. Chromosome 7, glucokinase (MODY2) 3. Chromosome 20, HNF-4 (MODY1) 4. Mitochondrial DNA 5. Others B. Genetic defects in insulin action 1. Type A insulin resistance 2. Leprechaunism 3. Rabson- Mendenhall syndrome 4. Lipoatrophic disease 5. Others C. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas 1. Pancreatitis 2. Trauma / pancreatectomy 3. Neoplasia 4. Cystic fibrosis 5. Hemochromatosis 6. Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy 7. Others
糖尿病(全英文版)DiabetesMellitusppt课件
Diabetes Mellitus
Teaching objectives
▪ grasp the definition and types of diabetes mellitus ▪ realize etiology and pathogenesis ▪ realize diagnosis and classification ▪ grasp the clinical manifestation for the patient with diabetes mellitus ▪ be aware of the main lab examination ▪ realize the treatment for the patient with diabetes mellitus
diabetic foot infection: gangrenous
urine glucose blood glucose IGT
Lab test
Treatment
Diet maintain as near-normal blood glucose level as possible, achieve optimal serum lipid levels, provide adequate energy.
▪ Factors associated with diabetes include obesity, aging, and ethnic group.
Classification
Type 1 diabetes Stage 1: genetics emotivity Stage 2: start autoimmune Stage 3: immunology abnormality
Acute complications of diabetes: DKA, hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma, infection
Teaching objectives
▪ grasp the definition and types of diabetes mellitus ▪ realize etiology and pathogenesis ▪ realize diagnosis and classification ▪ grasp the clinical manifestation for the patient with diabetes mellitus ▪ be aware of the main lab examination ▪ realize the treatment for the patient with diabetes mellitus
diabetic foot infection: gangrenous
urine glucose blood glucose IGT
Lab test
Treatment
Diet maintain as near-normal blood glucose level as possible, achieve optimal serum lipid levels, provide adequate energy.
▪ Factors associated with diabetes include obesity, aging, and ethnic group.
Classification
Type 1 diabetes Stage 1: genetics emotivity Stage 2: start autoimmune Stage 3: immunology abnormality
Acute complications of diabetes: DKA, hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma, infection
糖尿病基础知识英文课件
Insulin Deficiency or Resistance
In Type 1 diabetes, there is a significant reduction in insulin production by the pancreas, while in Type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, leading to inadequate glucose uptake and utilization.
Macrovascular Complications
Diabetes also increases the risk of macrovascular complications, such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, due to the damaging effects of chronic hyperglycemia on larger blood vessels.
Acute Complications
Diabetes can also lead to acute complications such as hypoglycemic episodes (low blood sugar) or diabetic ketoacidosis (a life-threatening condition caused by severe insulin deficiency).
Global impact of diabetes
Prevalence
Diabetes has become a global health concern, with millions of people worldwide being affected. The prevalence has been increasing rapidly, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
糖尿病(diabetes)PPT课件
謝謝聆聽!!
• 口服葡萄糖耐糖試驗(OGTT)
需要驗血的對象
• 目前或將來有可能發生糖尿病的人 • 懷孕24～28週的孕婦 • 出現典型糖尿病症狀或糖尿病併發症跡象
IDDM與NIDDM之比較
胰島素依賴型
發病年齡
通常小於25歲
發病率
國人極為少見
發病情形
急性、症狀典型
體型
大抵瘦弱
糖尿病家族史 少有
酮酸中毒史 常有
• 胰島素依存(賴)型(IDDM) • 非胰島素依存(賴)型(NIDDM) • 營養失調相關之糖尿病 • 葡萄糖耐量障礙 • 妊娠性糖尿病 • 其他原因所致之糖尿病
血糖 p95
• 正常人空腹(AC)血糖為70～110mg/dl • 飯後血糖為(PC)血糖為70～120mg/dl • 診斷為糖尿病
– 經十小時以上的空腹血糖值≧140mg/dl – 如果出現症狀,值接採血,血糖值≧200mg/dl
自體免疫疾病 常有
治療方式
需要胰島素治療
非胰島素依賴型 通常大於40歲 約大多數是此型 慢性、可能無症狀 41%～50%肥胖 常見 偶有 少有 可用飲食、運動、服 降血糖藥控制
第二型糖尿病危險因素
• 糖尿病家族成員 • 肥胖(中廣、中油、蘋果型的上半身肥胖) • 具上述特徵四十歲以上的成年人 • 葡萄糖耐量障礙個案 • 高血壓或血脂異常者 • 且妊娠性糖尿病史或曾生產巨嬰者
低血糖症狀
• 血糖值下降至56～60mg/dl • 出現心慌、出冷汗、手抖、面色蒼白、四
肢冰冷、麻木無力等 • 同時頭暈、煩燥、焦慮、注意力不集中
低血糖處理
• 低血糖繼續發展
劇烈頭痛、言語模糊、 反應遲鈍、眼前發黑、視物模糊 全身肌肉抽動、最後完全失去知覺
糖尿病全英文课件(医学PPT课件)
Diabetes in Adults )
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Risk factors for developing diabetes
being age 45 or over being overweight being a member of a high-risk group having close relatives with diabetes having given birth to a baby that weighed
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
About Type 2 diabetes
insufficient insulin Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia X Syndrome
insulin resistance hyperlipidimia hypertension obesity(apple figure) coronary heart disease
over 4 kg birth, or have had gestational diabetes having high cholesterol or other fats in the blood having hypertension or heart disease
Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms
Types
Ⅰ、Definition and Types Ⅱ、Signs and symptoms Ⅲ、Diagnosis and Treatment
Risk factors for developing diabetes
being age 45 or over being overweight being a member of a high-risk group having close relatives with diabetes having given birth to a baby that weighed
foot disease
infection
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
Sensory neuropathy