大卫科波菲尔人物性格文献综述

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大卫科波菲尔主要人物形象

大卫科波菲尔主要人物形象

人物形象赏析(1)主人公大卫·科波菲尔:大卫·科波菲尔是《大卫·科波菲尔》中的主人公,曾经是个孤儿。

作家描写了他从孤儿成长为一个具有人道主义精神的资产阶级民主主义作家的过程。

他善良,诚挚,聪明,勤奋好学,有自强不息的勇气、百折不回的毅力和积极进取的精神,在逆境中满怀信心,在顺境中加倍努力,终于获得了事业上的成功和家庭的幸福。

在这个人物身上寄托着狄更斯的道德理想。

(2)《大卫·科波菲尔》中的女性形象:在狄更斯笔下,《大卫·科波菲尔》塑造了一个个有血有肉的人物形象,每个任务都给人留下了深刻的印象,尤其是成功塑造了不同性格、不同品德的女性形象:贝西姨婆、艾妮斯、佩葛蒂、克拉拉、朵拉、摩德斯通小姐、密考伯太太、艾米丽……贝西姨婆与摩德斯通小姐的对比,克拉拉、朵拉与艾妮斯的对比更使她们栩栩如生,对贝西姨婆、艾妮斯、佩葛蒂的爱就更深一层,对摩德斯通小姐更是恨之入骨,对朵拉、克拉拉既同情又气愤。

大卫童年的灾星、继父的姐姐摩德斯通小姐的性格特点是极端冷酷和残忍。

从一出场就奠定了她这种性格:面色阴郁,皮肤黝黑,声音男性化,两道浓眉连在一起,她的钢制钱包合上的时候,咔哒一声,像是狠狠地咬谁一口,在狄更斯笔下,没有生命的东西也成了活的,她打扮时用钢制手铐和铆钉,这都是这位冷血的钢铁女人的性格写照。

摩德斯通小姐是一个十足的男人婆,她讨厌男人,却长着男人的脸孔,没有女性的温柔,没有爱心和同情心,她和她弟弟一直折磨可怜的克拉拉,并把大卫看成眼中钉,用各种手段折磨大卫,造成大卫童年的苦难。

以后,在朵拉的家中又出现了她阴郁的影子。

贝西姨婆在某些方面与摩德斯通小姐有相似之处,但她们有本质的不同:贝西姨婆脾气古怪,她对驴子非常敏感,驴子从门前草地经过是她一生最为气愤的。

她特立独行,敢说敢干,不顾世俗的眼光,略带男性气质,偏重理性,但是贝西姨婆博爱、善良、仁慈、心软、重感情,虽然她讨厌男孩,但是大卫投奔她后,她又收留了大卫,并把摩德斯通姐弟骂得痛快淋漓。

大卫科波菲尔人物性格文献综述

大卫科波菲尔人物性格文献综述

河西学院2013—2014学年第一学期期末考查课材料课程:英国文学II班级:姓名:学号:得分:《大卫•科波菲尔》的人物形象的研究综述引言《大卫•科波菲尔》是查尔斯•狄更斯最受大众喜爱的小说之一,是一部带有半自传体性质的小说。

在小说前言中他也写道:“在我所有的著作中,我最喜爱的是这一部”[1]小说中作者以逼真动人的文笔刻画了大卫•科波菲尔等十多个性格鲜明的主要人物形象。

近年来,众多学者分析和研究了《大卫•科波菲尔》的人物形象,其论著从人物的外貌、语言、行为、身世、性格和命运结局等方面进行了探讨和争鸣。

本文通过对原著的细读,对进五年国内文学界对其研究论著的整理,对该作品中的大卫•科波菲尔形象、男性形象中的米考伯、斯蒂福兹、西普以及女性形象中的贝西小姐、朵拉、艾妮斯进行了整理研究。

主题一﹑大卫•科波菲尔形象研究大卫•科波菲尔作为小说的主人公,狄更斯如他所喜欢的那样创造了一个善良、勇敢、坚强的大卫。

作为主人公的大卫一直都受到学者们的青睐。

宋纯花认为狄更斯的“大卫生性是善良的,作者一开始就把他安置在了‘善’的模型中,于是,在他以后的人生道路上,他始终保持着他善良的本性。

”[2]而朱晓莉在《大卫•科波菲尔的性格分析》中也对其性格进行了较为系统而全面的分析,得到了“出生于单亲家庭,大卫的性格极大地收到了懦弱的母亲的影响,童年的大卫天真而又善良。

青年时代的大卫的性格既有正面的也有反面的,如真诚、圆滑、不成熟和不自信。

最终,狄更斯给我们塑造了一个成熟的大卫。

”[3]的结论。

二﹑男性形象研究学者们对在小说中男性形象的研究也不在少数,而其中尤以米考伯、斯蒂福兹、西普受到学者们的研究和争鸣。

米考伯,大卫的朋友,是正面人物的典型代表。

刘静在其论文中总结了其行为后认为米考伯个性鲜明,为人善良正直,明辨是非,他最明显的性格特点却是他的不负责任和快乐主义。

[4]何辉英也以“乐天知命”概括了其“债多不愁”、无远虑而老想走运的乐天派性格。

《大卫科波菲尔》女性形象浅析

《大卫科波菲尔》女性形象浅析

——《大卫?科波菲尔》女性形象浅析一、狄更斯与《大卫?科波菲尔》查尔斯?狄更斯以其非凡的创造能力和作家天才给世人留下了15部长篇小说和其他珍贵的文学文本,这些成为了英国文学乃至世界文学中不可或缺的一部分。

其中他的自传性长篇《大卫?科波菲尔》更是历来受到广大读者的重视和世界文学界的关注。

狄更斯在为《大卫?科波菲尔》作序时写到:“在所有我写的这些书之中,我最爱的是这一部。

如果我说,我对于从我的想象中出生的子女,无一不爱;如果我说,决没有别的人,爱这一家子女,能象我爱他们那样:那都不难使人相信。

不过,象许多偏爱的父母一样,在我内心的最深处,我有一个最宠爱的孩子。

他的名字就叫《大卫?科波菲尔》”1在该书的再版前言里,狄更斯依然深情地说:我当年对那本书说说所想的至今仍然如此,再次请读者相信。

在我所有的书里,我最喜欢的就是这本。

对于我想象中创造出的所有孩子,我都是个溺爱的父亲,从没人像我这样对他们深深爱着。

可是,正如许多溺爱的父母一样,在我心底深处有一个孩子最为我宠爱,他的名字就叫大卫?科波菲尔。

我们认为,《大卫?科波菲尔》之所以赢得这样好的评价,就读者和批评家而言,是因为通过《大卫?科波菲尔》,我们在欣赏到作品本身的出色的文学性和艺术性的同时,更是因为《大卫?科波菲尔》所带有的自传性,我们可以透过文本,对狄更斯的真实生活有一个镜花水月的了解。

就狄更斯自身而言,一是因为她的自传性;二是因为在《大卫?科波菲尔》中,狄更斯实现了自己的理想化爱情——妻子是天使和圣母的统一体。

自传性和实现理想化爱情的统一使得狄更斯在长期的日常生活中渴望理想化爱情的潜意识心理得到了满足。

《大卫?科波菲尔》虽然带有一定的自传性,但是就象《红楼梦》不是曹雪芹生活的真实写照,《少年维特的烦恼》不是歌德的全部感情经历一样,大卫?科波菲尔从出生到成为一个有名作家的奋斗历程,也不全部是狄更斯真实生活的再现。

他们两者有着许多从现象到本质的区别。

爱?莫?福斯特在《小说面面观》里指出“要说《大卫?科波菲尔》主要是写孩子们和他们父母的关系,也许是很可笑的。

大卫科波菲尔的人物形象分析

大卫科波菲尔的人物形象分析

大卫科波菲尔的人物形象分析这是大卫科波菲尔的人物形象分析,是优秀的语文必修教案文章,供老师家长们参考学习。

大卫科波菲尔的人物形象分析第1篇这本书围绕着主人公大卫。

科波菲尔,描述了一系列栩栩如生的人物形象。

有善良质朴的老保姆辟果提;有貌似严肃却有菩萨般心肠的姨婆;有生活不甚如意的密考伯夫妇;有恬静聪明的艾妮斯;有天真浪漫的朵拉;还有凶狠残暴的摩德斯通姐弟俩;还有卑躬屈膝,阴险狡诈的希普……主人公大卫。

科波菲尔出生之前,他的父亲就去世了,母亲在他7岁时就改嫁。

大卫的继父是一个凶狠贪婪的家伙,并且继父的姐姐竟也是个铁石心肠,不近情理的人。

他们姐弟俩不仅仅百般虐待大卫,并且把大卫的母亲折磨致死。

母亲死后,大卫的继父逼大卫去当童工。

在此期间,大卫有幸逃了出来,去投奔了他好心的姨婆,并被姨婆送进一所很好的学校,理解良好的教育。

大卫在成长过程中历经磨难,可是他善良,正直,乐于助人的天性始终没有改变。

他在困境中奋发向上,刻苦努力,最终不仅仅在事业上获得了巨大的成功,也同时获得了美满的幸福生活。

读完整本书,我觉得给我留下印象最深刻的是主人公大卫。

科波菲尔他是个助人为乐的人,这个人的人生遇到了重重困难,可是他应对困难毫不逃避,因为他深刻的明白逃避是解决不了任何问题的。

于是他在自我遇到种种困难时,都努力的想办法去解决。

在解决过程中,他没忘记自我助人为乐的本分。

他一边帮忙人,一边解决自我的困难。

最终他获得了成功的事业和幸福美满的生活。

他的那种坚强和勇敢深深的打动了我,同时也启发了我不管自我遇到多少困难,只要不逃避,只要勇敢坚强的去应对,想法设法去解决,才能战胜自我,才能成功。

这才是对我们人生的考验。

就拿我们小学生而言,也许幼小的我们还不需要挑起生活的重担,不要经历种种磨难,但摆在我们面前的是学习,大卫这种不怕遇到困难,勇敢应对困难的精神正是我们最需要学的。

有些同学在学习生活中一遇到“拦路虎”,便立刻唉声叹气,第一个想法就是请教教师或者同学,再者就是放弃。

对于大卫科波菲尔中人物的形象分析

对于大卫科波菲尔中人物的形象分析

An Analysis of Image in David CopperfieldChapter1Introduction"David Copperfield", the masterpiece of Dickens, was a semi-autobiographical work. In May 1849 to November 1850, the installment was published. In the preface, Dickens said: “It is my favorite child.”The novel depicted David's experiences which were filled with sufferings and laughters. Dickens portrayed the colorful picture of British society, the typical image of different social classes, especially the endless struggle of David in the face of adversity which left a deep impression on us. David was unable to endure the abuse of his stepfather, biting the fingers of his stepfather, savagely beaten. As a result, he was locked in a boarding school. After his mother died, he was sent to the factory as a child by his stepfather. From then on, he lived a hard life, without enough to eat or wear and suffered all kinds of abuse and torture. However, David did not succumb to the mercy of fate, painstakingly, and finally found his aunt Betsey. The kind-hearted aunt shelter adopted him and let him go to a better school. When he knew that Aunt Betsey was bankrupted, but instead, he studied diligently with perseverance all kinds of abuse and torture. Finally, after making efforts, he became a writer and achieved success. At the same time, other characters were clear and vivid. Peggotty was a nurse who took care of David and David’s mother carefully, she was remarkably loyal. Outwardly, aunt Betsey appeared a severe woman, but she showed that she was kind by loving David and others. In addition, Ham was noble, brave and honest. Mr.Murdstones was fierce and cruel. Steerforth was selfish and arrogant.Chapter 2Literature Review of the Novel2.1 Some Scholars’ Views on the NovelScholars believed that David Copperfield's careers, friendships, love and life, were most highly influenced by Dickens' experiences, as well as his time working as a child. David's involvement with the law profession and later his career as a writer mirror the experiences of Dickens. Many of David's friends were based on people who Dickens actually knew, and David's wives, Agnes Wickfield and Dora, were believed to be based upon Dickens' attachment to Mary Hogarth. Dickens keenly felt his lack of education during his time at that factory, and according to the Forster biography, it was from these times that he drew David's working period.British writer Somerset Maugham regarded the book as "truly a masterpiece of literary works".One of American literature connoisseurs recommended the novel as one hundreds of the 20th century, distinguishing English novel.The famous Russian writer, Leo Tolstoy, said that the book was the best one among all the English novels and it could help people to build a perfect personality.“David Copperfield was filled with characters of the most astonishing variety, vividness, and originality,” noted Somerset Maugham. “They are not realistic and yet they abound with life. There never were such people as the Micawbers, Peggotty and Barkis, Traddles, Betsey Trotwood and Mr. Dick, Uriah Heep and his mother.” The story was told almost entirely from the point view of the first person narrator, David Copperfield himself, and was the first Dickens novel to do so. Dickens based the book in part on the difficult early years of his own life.2.2 Main Views of Dickens’ IdeaInfluenced by Carlyle, Dickens learned to direct his novel to a questioning of social priorities and inequalities, to a distrust of institutions, particularly defunct or malfunctioning ones, and to a pressure for action and earnestness He was prone to take up issues, and to campaign against what he saw as injustice or desuetude, using fiction in his novel. He was not alone in his own time, but his name continued to bepopularly associated with good causes and with remedies because he was quite the wittiest and he has had the most persuasive, and the most influential voice.Dickens was faithful to the teaching, and to the general framework, his thought, his action and above all, for his writing, nevertheless. A critical awareness that there was something deeply wrong with the society in which he lived disclosed the nature of a novel and gave its distinct political edge. Dickens’ novels were multifarious, digressive and humorous.In an important way, they reflected the nature of Victorian urban society with all its conflicts and disharmonies, its eccentricities and its constrictions, its energy and its fertility, both physical and intellectual. But the standard pattern in his novels was the basic conflict between money on the one hand, and loves on the other hand. What this conflict usually revealed was that the people who have greatest love for their fellow humans were also the ones who were most hurt by the world of money, simply because money was power.In his novels, the people who possessed most money and most power seemed incapable of love, whereas the people who were capable of love were remarkably often both poor and powerless. And yet, this gloomy view was emerged by Dickens’ comic way of dealing with his characters.Chapter 3The Image of main character in David Copperfield3.1 The Image of David3.1.1 Unyielding and diligence of David CopperfieldDavid Copperfield was a kind-hearted, honest, and hard working, pragmatic and progressive intellectual typically. Since Dav id’s childhood, his father died. Although his mother remarried, she died before long with his stepfather abuse. At that time, he was sent to boarding school, ravaged, and then was sent to the factory as an apprentice humiliation position. He left the factory to the home of aunt Betsey who adopted him and let him study law. Then, he tried his best to learn day after day. At the same time, his character matured in suffering, frustration, and ultimately on the right path in life. Later he became a writer, and married with his girlfriend. For him, he had acquired much knowledge in life through the wrong ideas, funny habits, sad moment and the depressing day, and remembered his aunt's words in heart, “whate ver you do and whenever you do it, you can never be humble, never be hypocritical or cruel.”He thought of this sentence, which always encouraged himself to be strong and seize the hard-on opportunity to struggle in life.Both the hardships and bitterness in his orphan’s times or always struggle in his adult time, having experienced calamities and misfortunes, David tasted the joy and warmth of the earth. By his own sincerity, forthright personality, positive spirit, as well as the purity of love to people in his heart, he persisted and finally succeeded. 3.1.2 Innocence and kindness of David Copperfield.David began to love Emily when they accompanied each other in the days in Yarmouth. As for a child, the affection was a more feelings. Neither of them worried about the future or any other troubles at that time. The best was love in that they were innocent. On the way to Salen House, the writer mentioned an interested incident. With the “simple confidence and natural reliance of a child upon superior years”, David was used by Servant William. David was bound to lack of some worldly wisdom and was only an innocent child.When David worked at Murdestone and Grinby, he met Mr.Micawber whose clothes were shabby, and had only a shirt collar. However, David did not laugh at him. On the contrary, when he learned about the tragedy and realized Micawber’s financialdifficulties, he intended to offer some money to Mr.Micawber in order to help him tide over the difficulties, though he himself was poor at that moment. Innocence was the most valuable and shinning characteristic of David Copperfield.In David’s life, although he met some wicked people like Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Mr. Creakle and Uriah Heep, he also gained a lot of friends and helpers who made him kind-hearted. That was to say, though he had known some bad qualities of the people, David remained what he used to be. In Mr. Murdestone’s house, except his mother, Peggotty was the only one who loved David, and different from his mother, she was able to protect David. When David was treated badly by Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Peggotty tried to comfort him at night secretly. And when David was sent away from home, Peggotty wrote letters so as to encourage him.As we all know, Peggotty was a servant in David’s famil y, but what she did was far more than a servant. What important was when David’s mother misunderstood her, Peggotty still took it for granted that she should protect and help David and David's poor mother. It was her loyalty and kindness that was a great help to the development of David. And David was grateful to her, so he permitted the carrier Barkis to marry her, giving happiness to Peggotty.3.2 The Image of other Characters3.2.1 Coldness and cruelty of Miss .MurdstonesThe bane of the childhood of David, stepfather and Sister Miss Murdstone's character was extremely cold and cruel. In David's memory, when he met Miss Murdstone in the first time, she was a gloomy-looking lady; dark, like her brother, whom she greatly resembled in face and voice; and with very heavy eyebrows, nearly meeting over her large nose, as if, being disabled by the wrongs of her sex from wearing whiskers, she had carried them to that account. When she paid for the coachman, she took her money out of a hard steel purse, and she kept the purse in a very jail of bag which hung upon her arm by a heavy chain, and shut up like a bite.She was almost tomboy, she hated men, but with the man's face, feminine, love and compassion, she and her brother has been tortured poor Clara and David as a thorn in the side and used various means to torture David, resulting in the suffering of David's childhood.Chapter 4ConclusionThe paper began with a brief introduction of the author and the social background, and then it tried to analyze the novel. The story was told almost entirely from the point of view of the first person, David Copperfield, and was the first Dickens’ novel to do so.Dickens’ books were based partly on the difficulties in his earlier life. Thus the author paved the way for the following analysis, including David, Dora, Aunt betsey, Mr.Micawber, and Steerforth. The Mr. Murdstones, Heep, Steer forth and David. As for many characters, the paper divided them into two different images that have great differences. For example, the kind-hearted fisherman Peggotty and David, from a poor family, they hadn’t received education, but they could hold an honest and good heart, while by contrast, Steerforth was an invalid character.At the same time, it reflected Dickens' own morality: "What goes around comes around". For example, a symbol of evil Heap and Steerforth has been duly punished; kind-hearted people have found a popular destination that they dreamed to go all the time.Through analyzing these images, we could know truths, no matter how difficult the situation we were in or how bitter life was, we should have a good heart, and fight against destiny positively.Finally, the author attempted to analyze different people’s images and sho w people’s different destinies. The paper intended to tell people that maybe fate was unfair to you, maybe you had been suffering from human disasters, you couldn’t do anything without the goodness of heart and you must fight against your own destiny, and it stressed that only love could give us courage to face the misery and suffering.On the other hand, despite the inconstancy of human relationships, life was a main background in this novel, and love was very important among people.In the end, David gained great success, and the reason was that a lot of people gave him much love which gave him courage to face the misery and sufferings.At the same time, it encouraged people to maintain confidence and enthusiasm in life.BibliographyDickens. (2010). David Copperfield [M].北京:清华大学出版社.John Peck and Martin Coyle. (2012). A Brief History of English Literature [M].北京:高等教育出版社.Chen, Jia. (2007). Selected readings in English literature [M].Beijing:The commercial press.Jiang, ChengYong (蒋承勇).(2006).A History of British Fiction[M].浙江:浙江大学出版社.Li, ZhengShuan (李正栓).(2009).A course of British and American Literature [M].北京:科学出版社.Zhang, Pei (张佩).(2011).British and American literature [M].天津大学出版社. Meng, XiuKun (孟秀坤).(2008).The history of British literature and selected readings[M].北京:北京知识产权出版社.Li, WeiPing (李维屏).(2008).英国小说人物史[M].上海:上海外国语教育出版社.Liu, Bo (刘波).(2009).英国文学史概述及作品选读 [M].北京:高等教育出版社.Wang, SongLin (王松林).(2010).英国文学史[M].北京:华中师范大学出版社. Chang, YaoXin (常耀信).(2009).英国文学大花园 [M].武汉:湖北教育出版. Zheng, Yan (郑燕). (2012).英国文学史选读[M].西安交通大学出版社.。

《大卫科波菲尔》主要人物形象、内容概括

《大卫科波菲尔》主要人物形象、内容概括

《大卫科波菲尔》主要人物形象、内容概括《大卫·科波菲尔》主要人物形象1、贝西姨婆:是个性格古怪却又心地善良的老太婆。

她们打扮得体,举止高雅,也是个道地的食利者,她买卖公债,以地产作抵押放债,向国外市场投资,而且脾气怪僻,怀有各种偏见。

加上一副凛然不可侵犯的神气,令人望而生畏,其实她却是个“永不卑劣,永不欺骗,永不残酷”的道德家,是个善心菩萨。

她同情并且善待那些需要帮助的人——孤苦无告的科波菲尔,受人欺侮的狄克先生,以至她分居多年不走正路,穷愁潦倒的丈夫。

家财丰盈时,她不以富贵骄人;一旦丢了财产,也能自甘淡泊。

当大卫在孤苦伶仃的时候,毅然决定收留大卫并亲自教育他,“永远不要在任何事情上卑劣,永远不要作假,永远不要残忍”让他上学深造。

后来,希普陷害威克菲尔并导致贝西小姐破产。

密考伯是希普的秘书。

揭露了希普陷害威克菲尔并导致贝西小姐破产的种种阴谋。

贝西小姐为了感谢密考伯,送他一笔资金,使他在澳大利亚发财致富,事业上取得成功。

2、米考伯先生:是世界文学中的一个典型形象,密考伯先生替各式各样的商家招揽生意,“收入很少或一无所得”,为了维持人口不断增加的家庭,卖尽当空,颠沛流离,债主经常上门叫骂,随时有被债主控告,和被法警逮捕入狱的危险。

密考伯先生一生都在等待“机会”,机会却从来不曾在他面前出现。

除了他肖像滑稽可笑之外,更在于他的言行和举止。

在语言上,他处处都试图显得文雅,说话中带着上等人屈尊就教以及喜欢卖弄学问的那种迂腐的味道。

在行为上,最显著的特点是得乐且乐、梦想有一天会时来运转,一副盲目乐观的样子。

他收入不多却又爱慕虚荣、喜欢讲排场,所以常常是吃了上顿愁下顿,不得不变卖家当或四处举债。

当陷入困境,债主上门逼债时,他会愁眉苦脸,甚至声泪俱下,拿着刮胡刀要往脖子上抹,想一死了之。

而债主一走,顷刻之间又把皮鞋擦得锃亮,手舞足蹈,有说有笑。

他多次向大卫传授支出不能大于收入的道理,可自己总是陷于债务之中不能自拔。

大卫科波菲尔梗概

大卫科波菲尔梗概

大卫科波菲尔梗概大卫科波菲尔梗概大卫;科波菲尔还没有出世,他的父亲就去世了。

在他出生那天,父亲的姨妈他的姨婆特地赶来。

因为她早就希望外甥媳妇能生个女孩,结果一看是个男孩,就非常失望地走了。

大卫出生以后,就和母亲及女仆辟果提一起生活。

她们把全部的爱都倾注到他一个人身上,这段日子过得平静而愉快。

不久,有个叫摩德斯通的商人看上了大卫母亲那份微薄的财产,花言巧语地骗取了她的爱情。

大卫的母亲在结婚前让大卫到辟果提的哥哥家去住了一段。

辟果提先生是个穷苦的船工,他住在雅茅斯海边一座用破船倒扣过来改建成的屋子里。

他自己没结婚,却收养了一对孤儿:妹妹的女儿爱弥丽和弟弟的儿子海穆;;他们的父母都死在海上了。

辟果提先生就领着他们相亲相爱地一起过日子。

这个奇特的家庭和大卫在此感到的温暖、亲切,在他幼小的心灵中留下了深刻的印象。

两个星期以后,大卫回到家里,发现摩德斯通先生和母亲结了婚。

这位先生一改结婚前的态度,不许大卫的母亲再像以前那样爱大卫。

母亲生性软弱,从此以后,大卫的处境就发生了天翻地覆的变化。

继父对他十分凶狠,百般折磨他。

有一次当继父用鞭子打大卫的时候,大卫把他的手咬伤了。

这一下他把大卫监禁了五天,之后又送到一所寄宿学校。

大卫在这所学校里受尽了屈辱和摧残。

一开始,校长秉承摩德斯通姐弟的旨意,在他身上挂了一块写有“当心他,他咬人”的告白牌,之后他又无数次地忍受校长的鞭打。

这就是大卫人生的开端。

学校是社会的缩影。

大卫在这儿开始认识了金钱世界的残酷。

学校里对他最好的老师麦尔先生,因为贫穷而遭到有钱人子弟的任意凌辱,以至被赶出校门。

这无情的事实,使大卫受到极大的震动。

大卫的母亲终于被折磨死了,大卫被从学校叫回家。

摩德斯通把他送到一家公司去当洗刷酒瓶的童工,让他寄住在密考伯先生家里。

密考伯先生是个小职员,家里子女很多,生活十分艰难。

这位先生满脑子都是发财致富的计划,可是无论他干什么活儿,却总是失败。

他欠的债越来越多,最后终于全家住进了债务监狱。

【拓展阅读】《大卫科波菲尔》人物介绍

【拓展阅读】《大卫科波菲尔》人物介绍

朵拉
朵拉是幸福的。大卫那么爱 她,把她捧在手心里。不过朵拉 本人却令人失望, 除了善良和有 自知之明,她几乎没有可取之处。 但她也是不幸的,一朵小花过早 地枯萎了。
摩德斯通小姐
摩德斯通小姐极端冷酷和残忍, 她讨厌男人,却长着男人的脸孔,没 有女性的温柔,没有爱心和同情心, 她和她弟弟一直折磨可怜的克拉拉, 并把大卫看成眼中钉,用各种手段折 磨大卫,造成大卫童年的苦难。
贝西姨婆
贝西姨婆脾气古怪,特立独行, 敢说敢干,不顾世俗的眼光,略 带男性气质,偏重理性,但是博 爱、善良、仁慈、心软、重感情, 是一个很有头脑、很能干的女人。
佩葛蒂
佩葛蒂是大卫的老奶妈,她是 个善良淳朴的人,对大卫母子俩 忠心耿耿,既是仆人又是亲人。 她也非常能干,家务井井有条。
再见
《大卫·科波菲尔》人物介绍
拓展阅读
艾妮斯 朵拉
一级标题
摩德斯通小姐
大卫·科波菲尔
贝西姨婆 佩葛蒂
克拉拉
大卫·科波菲尔
大卫·科波菲尔是《大卫·科 波菲尔》中的主人公。
作家描写了他从孤儿成长为一 个具有人道主义精神的资产阶级民 主主义作家的过程。在这个人物身 上,寄托着狄更斯的道德理想。
艾妮斯
艾妮斯无论是从、美丽天使。无论在事业上、 生活上,艾妮斯都是大卫理想 的伴侣。
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河西学院2013—2014学年第一学期
期末考查课材料
课程:英国文学II
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《大卫•科波菲尔》的人物形象的研究综述
引言
《大卫•科波菲尔》是查尔斯•狄更斯最受大众喜爱的小说之一,是一部带有半自传体性质的小说。

在小说前言中他也写道:“在我所有的著作中,我最喜爱的是这一部”[1]小说中作者以逼真动人的文笔刻画了大卫•科波菲尔等十多个性格鲜明的主要人物形象。

近年来,众多学者分析和研究了《大卫•科波菲尔》的人物形象,其论著从人物的外貌、语言、行为、身世、性格和命运结局等方面进行了探讨和争鸣。

本文通过对原著的细读,对进五年国内文学界对其研究论著的整理,对该作品中的大卫•科波菲尔形象、男性形象中的米考伯、斯蒂福兹、西普以及女性形象中的贝西小姐、朵拉、艾妮斯进行了整理研究。

主题
一﹑大卫•科波菲尔形象研究
大卫•科波菲尔作为小说的主人公,狄更斯如他所喜欢的那样创造了一个善良、勇敢、坚强的大卫。

作为主人公的大卫一直都受到学者们的青睐。

宋纯花认为狄更斯的“大卫生性是善良的,作者一开始就把他安置在了‘善’的模型中,于是,在他以后的人生道路上,他始终保持着他善良的本性。

”[2]而朱晓莉在《大卫•科波菲尔的性格分析》中也对其性格进行了较为系统而全面的分析,得到了“出生于单亲家庭,大卫的性格极大地收到了懦弱的母亲的影响,童年的大卫天真而又善良。

青年时代的大卫的性格既有正面的也有反面的,如真诚、圆滑、不成熟和不自信。

最终,狄更斯给我们塑造了一个成熟的大卫。

”[3]的结论。

二﹑男性形象研究
学者们对在小说中男性形象的研究也不在少数,而其中尤以米考伯、斯蒂福兹、西普受到学者们的研究和争鸣。

米考伯,大卫的朋友,是正面人物的典型代表。

刘静在其论文中总结了其行为后认为米考伯个性鲜明,为人善良正直,明辨是非,他最明显的性格特点却是他的不负责任和快乐主义。

[4]何辉英也以“乐天知命”概括了其“债多不愁”、无远虑而老想走运的乐天派性格。

[5]斯蒂福兹,大卫的另一个朋友,是一个凝聚了正面与反面因素的中间人物。

在研究他时,刘静指出“他没有基本的道德标准,他自认为有钱,蛮横自大,瞧不起穷人,玩弄妇女,成为狄更斯笔下的恶棍形象。

但同时,狄更斯又赋予了斯蒂福兹豪爽、能干、资质聪慧,高贵优雅的些许好人品质。

”[6]幸香兰似乎也认同这一分析,她在论著中写道“他以其聪明、风采、殷勤和才能博得大家的好感,但以损害他人的利益来满足自己的斯蒂福兹,漂亮的外表下掩盖的是绝对的自私自利。

”[7]西普是小说中最具代表性的反面人物,无论其丑陋的外表,卑劣的言语还是狡诈的行为无一不体现了其坏的品性。

刘静论述道:“西普名字本身就暗含了其像蛇蝎一样向上爬的秉性。

他阳奉阴违、假装卑微,狡猾阴险。

”[8]
三﹑女性形象研究
相较于男性形象的多面化,小说中女性形象多以正面形象呈现在读者眼前,而她们对大卫的一生产生过积极地或消极的影响。

近年来,贝西小姐、朵拉、艾妮斯越来越受学术界的垂青。

贝西小姐是大卫的姨婆,是一个颇受敬爱的女性。

杨富刚在《浅议大卫•科波菲尔人生中三位善良的女性》论道:“贝西姨婆脾气古怪,特立独行,敢说敢做,不顾世俗的眼光,略带男性气质,偏重理性,然而贝西姨婆性格乖戾的背后却有一颗善良的心。

”[9]刘渭锋和王薇认为贝西姨婆在是非上绝不含糊、威严可敬,她把宽厚仁爱蕴藏在严肃之中,同时又表现了一种积极向上的乐观态度。

[10] 朵拉是大卫的第一位妻子,朵拉天生有着快活的性子,她不为任何事情而烦恼,也不会去思考生命和世界。

[11]在大卫眼中,她是典型的维
纳斯。

她是个不谙世事的孩子,她真诚善良,但同时又是简单无知的,她是一朵“娇嫩的小花”。

[12]较于朵拉的不懂家务,大卫的第二位妻子艾妮斯却是家庭天使的典范。

她美丽谦顺、聪明睿智、感情执着、甘于奉献。

[13]严坤在《女性理想化的研究—评狄更斯的〈大卫•科波菲尔〉中的艾妮斯形象》中论道:“艾妮斯是作者着力刻画的一个完美女性形象,她身上绽放着耀眼的女性光芒。

她美丽端庄、大方得体、温柔善良、恬静稳重、体贴周到,有敏锐的洞察力,坚强的性格和意志,宽容博爱的心肠。

无论容貌、品德、学识、思想,艾妮斯都无可挑剔。

”[14] 小结
近五年来,国内学者对《大卫•科波菲尔》人物形象的研究和论述视角复杂多样,纵观以上研究论述,我们不难看出诸位学者对小说中人物形象性格做了充分的分析和研究,但是其中也显现出了各自的局限性:脱离作者创造背景,内容间出现断章取义,人物形象不够全面透彻,易受前人的影响等。

在未来对该小说人物形象的研究中,应该考虑到前人的不足,加以改进和完善,以下几方面应该得到重视:首先,研究深度应该有待改进。

考虑到人物性格的复杂性,学者研究时可以考虑分析或者比较小说中一位或两位人物进行深层次的分析和研究。

其次,研究精神有待巩固。

研究小说应当本着以批判的眼光对著作进行客观分析研究的态度而进行。

最后,翻译文献的数量有待提升。

除了国内的文献,国外学者也对本著作进行了大量而深入的研究,可惜由于受翻译界的影响,只有部分文献有相应的译文。

参考文献
[1] Charles Dickens. David Copperfield[M].Amount Publishing Company. INC. 1965
[2] 宋纯花.浅析狄更斯《大卫•科波菲尔》中人物的童话特色[J]., 2010, (01), pp.126-128
[3] 朱晓利.大卫•科波菲尔的性格分析[J]. , 2013, (17), pp.97-99
[4][6][8] 刘静.大卫•科波菲尔中的人物刻画技巧与人物特征分析., 2010, (05), pp.60-62
[5] 何辉英.浅析《大卫•科波菲尔》人物语言个性化特征., 2012, (03), pp.32-33
[7]幸香兰.简评小说《大卫•科波菲尔》的人物形象[J]., 2010, (05), pp.68-69
[9] 杨富刚.浅议大卫•科波菲尔人生中三位善良的女性., 2009, (02), pp.78-79CNKI
[10] 刘渭锋王薇.古怪性情与人性真谛—《大卫•科波菲尔》中贝西姨婆的人物分析., 2009, (02), pp.62-63
[11] 曾知.大卫•科波菲尔生命中的红玫瑰和白玫瑰[J]., 2010, (02), pp.93-94
[12]徐丹丹.《大卫•科波菲尔》中的女性形象比较与分析[J]., 2012, (16), pp.20-21
[13]胡小英.英国维多利亚社会“家庭天使”妇女观与小说创作[J]. , 2012, (18), pp.149-150
[14] 严坤.女性理想化的研究—评狄更斯的《大卫•科波菲尔》中的艾妮斯形象.[J]. , 2012, (05), pp.151-152
浅析《大卫•科波菲尔》中的女性形象
论文大纲
查尔斯•狄更斯的长篇小说《大卫•科波菲尔》被誉为“少数几部真正伟大的英国小说之一”,狄更斯将这部小说也称为他“最喜爱的小孩”。

狄更斯在《大卫•科波菲尔》中塑造了一系列丰满、典型的人物形象,这些形象生机勃勃,个性鲜明,栩栩如生,鲜活地留在每一个读者的心中。

文章将对伴随和影响他的八位女性形象进行了探讨和分析。

第一章母亲克拉拉
1.1克拉拉的经历及性格
1.2克拉拉对大卫的影响
大卫幼年早期幸福生活的源泉,大卫善良性格的缔造者。

第二章保姆佩葛蒂
2.1佩葛蒂人生经历和性格
2.2佩葛蒂对大卫的影响
是大卫人性中爱的启蒙者,同时也为大卫带来了战胜困难的勇气。

第三章摩德斯通小姐
3.1摩德斯通小姐的行为与性格
3.2摩德斯通小姐对大卫的影响
给大卫幸福童年生活蒙上了阴影,让大卫表现出了其懦弱的一面,也使大卫不得不学会了忍耐。

第四章艾米丽
4.1艾米丽人生经历与性格
4.2艾米丽对大卫的影响
第五章米考伯太太
5.1米考伯太太的行为和性格
第六章贝西姨婆
6.1贝西姨婆的性格极其形成
6.2贝西姨婆对大卫的影响
是大卫人格道路上的指引者。

第七章第一位妻子朵拉
7.1朵拉的经历与性格
7.2朵拉对大卫的影响
朵拉是青年大卫性格的体现所在。

第八章第二位妻子艾妮斯
8.1艾妮斯的经历与性格
她是小说中最理想化人物,但在对大卫的爱上,却又显露出其胆怯、不自信。

8.2艾妮斯对大卫的影响
作为大卫的终身伴侣,不论是童年,青年,还是成年后的大卫都深受其影响。

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