动词的主动形式表示被动之意(附练习及答案)
初中英语语法被动语态专练(附习题和答案)
初中英语语法被动语态专练（附习题和答案）1被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成：be + done2八种时态的被动语态：（变be的时态即可，done不动）1）一般现在时：am / is / are + done①People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.②The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2）一般过去时：was / were + done①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.②The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3）一般将来时：will + be done①They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.②They will give plenty of jobs to sch ool-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4）一般过去将来时：would + be done①The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.②Theworkers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5）现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done①The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.②We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6）过去进行时：was / were + being + done①The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.②This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7）现在完成时：have / has + been + done①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.②He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8）过去完成时：had + been + done①When I got to the theatre, I f ound they had already sold out the tickets.WhenI got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.②The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people hadconsidered him to be a great leader.The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had beenconsidered to be a great leader3含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be+ done①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.4被动语态的使用情况：1）当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by短语。
主动语态表被动意义
主动语态表被动意义（要点精讲）一、主动形式可以表被动含义的动词1．一类不及物动词，如read（读；读起来），wash，clean，cook，cut，wear，carry，burn，sell，write等，在表示事物本质属性的时候，通常可以用其主动语态表示被动意义。
这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。
如：The pen writes smoothly. 这只钢笔写起来流利。
The book sells well. 那本书很畅销。
This coat dries easily. 这件外套容易干。
This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切，太软了。
注意：这些动词在某些特殊情况下也可用于被动语态，只是含义稍有不同（用主动形式表示主语的属性，用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作）：The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。
（即这句子没有歧义）The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚（指读的人读得好）另外，以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态：The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。
Is the book selling well? 这书卖得好吗？2．系动词look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn等没有被动语态，常用主动形式表示被动。
如：The dish tastes delicious. 这道菜味道可口。
His plan proved (to be) practical. 他的计划被证明符合实际。
The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。
3．表示开始、结束、移位、运转的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut(停业)，run，move，act等，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动形式表被动意义。
被动语态中主动形式表示被动意义讲解及练习教师版
被动语态中主动形式表被动意义讲解及练习主动形式表被动意义讲解1. 在need, want, require, deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其意义相当于动词不定式的被动形式E.g. The way we read need changing.= to be changedThese young trees require looking after carefully.= to be looked afterI think your suggestion deserves considering.= to be consideredThese words wants explaining once more.= to be explained2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义E.g. Many classic works are worth reading.3. 在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义E.g. These classic works may be difficult to understand.4. 在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义E.g. These classic works may even be too expensive for us to buy.5. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常用来表被动；如：rent, blame, let等。
E.g.The taxi is to rent.The house is to lent.The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment in Europe. 6.某些可以和well, badly, easily, smoothly 等副词连用的不及物动词。
初中英语语法被动语态专练(附习题和答案)
初中英语语法被动语态专练（附习题和答案）1被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成：be + done2八种时态的被动语态：（变be 的时态即可，done不动）1）一般现在时：am / is / are + done①People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.②The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2）一般过去时：was / were + done①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.②The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3）一般将来时：will + be done①They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.②They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4）一般过去将来时：would + be done①The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.②The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5）现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done①The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.②We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6）过去进行时：was / were + being + done①The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.②This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7）现在完成时：have / has + been + done①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.②He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8）过去完成时：had + been + done①When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.②The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; people had considered him to be a great leader.The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; he had been considered to be a great leader3含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be+ done①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.4被动语态的使用情况：1）当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by 短语。
高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
例The glass is broken．（系表结构）
The glass was broken by the boy．（被动语态）
2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
7．“outof+名词”结构；表示“超出⋯⋯之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight（超
出视线之外），out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled．)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.）
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它
10）should/would have been done过去将来完成时（少用）
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形
todo主动表示被动
英语动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式。
当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的对象，即是一种动宾关系时，不定式用被动形式。
当不定式所说明的人或物是不定式所表示的动作的执行者，即是一种主动关系时，不定式用主动形式。
在某些情况下，不定式虽然与所说明的人或物是动宾关系，但仍用主动形式。
这种不定式主动形式表示被动意义的情况主要有下列几种：一、当不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系，又与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时，该不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
例如：I have a meeting to attend.我有个会议要参加。
(to attend与I有主谓关系)Give him some books to read.给他一些书看。
(to read 与him 有主谓关系)如果不属于上述情况，则表示被动意义时仍需要用被动形式。
试比较下面两句：1.Have you anything to do this afternoon?你今天下午有事要做吗？2.Have you anything to be taken to the city (by me or someone else) ?你有什么东西要带到城里去吗？句1中主语you与不定式to do存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，to do实际上指的是you的动作，所以用主动形式表示被动意义；而句2中主语you与不定式to take不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式所指的并非是you的动作，所以仍要用被动形式to be taken表示被动意义。
(have在“主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语+ to do ”结构中，动词不定式与直接宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。
因此，也可以用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例如：I'll give him some books to read.我要给他一些书看看。
直接宾语some books是动词不定式to read的逻辑宾语，间接宾语him是动词不定式to read的逻辑主语。
主动语态表被动
【注】①这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定 式的逻辑宾语，按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式， 但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有 awkward, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky, unpleasant 等。
(3) 不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻 辑主语就是句子的主语，则要用主动形式表示被动 意义： I have some letters to write. 我有一些信要写。 I want something to drink. 我想喝点什么。 I want to get something to read. 我想找点东西阅读。 【注】如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则 应用被动式，比较： I have something to type. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指 自己打字) I have something to be typed. 我有些东西要打(字)。 (指请人打字)
2．不定式 1）作定语:不定式结构常表示动宾关系,即用不定式的主动形 式表示被动意义。 这种情形最常出现在（1）“There+be+主语+修饰主语的不定 式”: There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要干。 和（2）“及物动词+宾语(或双宾语)+修饰宾语的不定式”结 构中: Give him some books to read. 给他点书看 特别是（3）“主语+have+宾语+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中, 例如: He has a family to support. 他要维持一个家庭。 当然,这里的不定式在个别情形下也可用被动形式,含义区别不 大,例如: There is so much work to do/to be done. 有这么多事情要做。 Give me the names of the people to contact/to be contacted. 把那些要联系的人的名字给我。
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择被动语态1．A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth ________.A．to be visited B．being visited C．visiting D．to visit【答案】C【解析】【详解】主动形式表达被动意义。
句意：这个地区的许多小城镇绝对值得一游。
be worth doingsth“值得做某事”，主动形式表达被动意义。
故选C项。
2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A．is held B．has been heldC．will be held D．had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。
一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。
故选C。
考点: 考查句式用法3．—It’s so humid these days!—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.A．will expect B．expectsC．will be expected D．is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。
句意：——这些日子天气潮湿。
——不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。
根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。
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动词的主动形式表示被动之意、系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意常见的系动词有：① be 动词起来（7 个）：look/seem/appear, feel（感觉，摸起来）,sound, smell,tastee.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.③ （逐渐）变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, goe.g. His wish has come true.People often went hungry in the old days.The tree is growing tall.④ 保持：keep, staye.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.二、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
Ol、An accident was happened yesterday. （X）昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday.O2、The flower smells sweet. 这花闻起来很香。
O3、The watch looks good. 这表看起来很好。
O4、This book sells well. 这本书畅销。
O5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
O6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
O7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。
08、The door won ‘ t close/sh这门关不上。
O9 The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。
O 10 This material wears well （won '这种eO料耐久（不耐久）三、Need, want, require （要求，需要），deserve（应得，值得）,be worth 值得），not bear（经不住）后面接doing主动表被动。
The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。
These young seedlings will require/need looking after （=need to be looked after ） carefully. 这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。
Your hair wants/needs cutting （needs to be cut ）. 你的头发该剪了。
四、 不定式作定语， 放在被修饰词后面， 与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，与 he 有主谓关系）不定式； 动词+宾语+形容词 +不定式。
如果形容词是表示难易、 利弊等含义， difficult, easy, comfortable （ 舒适的 ）, convenient （便利的，方便的） hard ，cheap, expensive, 等，不定式用主动表被动。
The question is difficult to answer.I found the car comfortable to ride in. That makes poetry difficult to write.关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系， 不定式要用主动表被动含 义。
I have much work to do.我有许多要做的事情。
与 work 有动宾关系，与 I 有主谓关系）Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom 在找一间住的房间。
（与 room 有动宾关系，与 Tom 有主谓关系） He has a family to support.他要维持一个家庭。
与 family 有动宾五、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词 +形容这个问题很难回答。
The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。
我觉得这种车很好坐。
那就使得诗很难写。
被动语态专项练习I单项选择1. Good books again and again.A. should be readedB. should be readC. must read2. The children ___ by the nurse.A. were looked D. ought to readB. looked afterC. were lookedafter D. looked3.He ___ some pieces of advice, but heA. gave, didn't listenC. give, wasn't listened4.When _____ the accident ____ ?A. was, happenC. is, happen5.The question ___ by us soon.A. is going to discussC. is going to be discussed6.The lab ___ about five years ago. to them.B. was given, wasn'tlistened D. was given,didn't listenB. did, happenD. was, happenedB. willdiscussD. has been discussedA. was buildedB. was builtC. buildsD. has beenbuilt7. A lot of tall buildings in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set upB. have been set upC. were set upD. set up8. They printing 500 copies by the end of lastmonth.A. had finishedB. have finishedC. had been finishedD. have been finished9. Rice ___ also in their hometown.A. is …grownB. is … grewC. was…grewD. was…grown10. He by theteachers.A. is always praisedB. praisesC. have been praisedD. always ispraised11. Great changes place. Many new schoolsA. have taken, have been openedB. take, areopenC. are taken, openD. have been taken, are opened12. The picture in October, 1996.24. Mary's radio by my brother just now.A. was takingB. had been taken 13. We can't use the bridge now, because itrepairedthe way to the railway station by a policeman.showing17. We can't enter the room because its doordoes, foundC. was takenD. had takenA. has been repairedB. is repairingC. is repairedD. is being14. I A. was shownB. showedC. have shownD. was15. The warin 1941. A. broke out B. had been broken out C. was broken out D. had broken out 16. When water , it will be changed into vapor （ 蒸汽 ）. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heatsA. lockedB. locksC. is lockedD. is locking 18. They day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work19. Chang'an Road is of people.A. filledB. fillC. fullD. fulled 20. Man-made satellites into space by many countries. A. was sent up B. is sent up C. have been sent up D. has been sent up21. This English song often by the children.A. is, singingB. is, sungC. will, singD. was, sung22.The windows of our house once a week. A. must cleanB. have cleanedC. is cleanedD. are cleaned23. When the People's Republic of China A. was, foundB. was, foundedC. did, foundD.D. has been broken, brokenn 把下列句子改为被动语态1. I saw the boy run yesterday.2. He told me that he would come back soon.3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.4. Do you water your flowers every day?5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.6. I think that he is right.7. He had not thrown the bad food.8. Mother was not mending the trousers.9. They would not take him to Beijing.10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.mended A. will be mended B. has mendedC. wasD. mended25. Your exercise books after class.A. will hand inB. must hand inC. handed inD. must be handed in26. Some trees may at other times of the year.A. be plantedB. plantC. are plantedD. will be planted27. The sun at night as usual.A. can be seenB. can't seeC. can't be seenD. doesn't see28. A new English play there next week.A. will put onB. will be put onC. is going to put onD. will be putted on29. A strange thing in our school yesterday.A. was happenedB. has been happenedC. happenedD. was going to happen30. The glass . It by little Tom this morning.A. broke, is brokenB. is broken, was brokenC. was broken, broke参考答案I单项选择1. B2. C3. D4. B5. C6. B7. B8. A9. A 10. A11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C 21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. Bn、把下列句子改为被动语态1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.2. I was told that he would come back soon.3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.4.Are your flowers watered every day?5.The big tree was blown down last night.6.It is thought that he is right.7.The bad food had not been thrown.8.The trousers were not being mended by my mother.9.He would not be taken to Beijing.10.I was known by nobody in this town at that time.。