新世纪大学英语综合教程第三版四第8单元课后练习及翻译
全新版大学英语第三册课后练习答案及课文翻译
全新版大学英语第三册课后练习答案及课文翻译《全新版大学英语综合教程3》课后练习答案Unit 1Part II Text AText Organization P.101. Parts, Paragraphs and Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-3 The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant andsatisfying one.Part Two Paras 4-7 Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Part Three Paras 8-11 After quitting his job, the writer's income was reduced, but heand his family were able to manage to get by.Part Four Paras 12-15 A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made itpossible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.2. Happy Moments and Events:1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables 2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc. 3) keeping warm inside the house in winter 4) writing freelance articles5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life Hardships:1) working hard both in winter and in summer 2) harsh environment and weather condition 3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job 4) cutting back on daily expenses 5) solitude Vocabulary P.14 I1.1) insurance 2) On balance 3) aside from 4) cut back 5) resist 6) haul 7) supplemented 8) sprayed 9) wicked 10) illustrated 11) budget 12) digest 13) boundary 14) get by 15) at that point2. 1) cut back / down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5) face up to 6) turn in 7) turning out 8) think up3.1) While farming, Benneker pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2) Misused words often generate misleading thoughts. 3) Lafayette Hotel is patronized by international celebrities drawn to its French food and service. 4) A person who thinks that money will do everything may well be suspected of doing everything for money. 5) A person surely has to face a good many bitter disappointments before he gets1through life. 4.1) Seeing that more and more people are concerned about the quality of their indoor environments, John is considering starting an interior decoration business. It seems certain to earn a profit, but he does not yet have enough money to invest in it. 2) This device is primarily used for the improvement of the sound quality of electronic media. It was invented in the US, but now it is used on a global scale.3) When the first settlers came to America, their household utensils consisted of a few pots, pans and some bowls stacked in one corner of the house. There wasn't much material temptation around them. They never dined out in a restaurant as we often do nowadays.II. Confusable Words1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspected 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspectIII. Word Formation1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchStructure1.1) when it comes to changing your life2) when it comes to such matters as keeping the room tidy 3) when it comes to emotional intelligence 4) when it comes to managing minor matters2. 1) Not everyone agrees on what is right and what is wrong 2) but, unfortunately, money isn?t everything 3) not all Americans like them4) Not all people share the same interestsComprehensive Exercises I. Cloze(A) 1. gets by 2. temptation 3. get through 4. picked up 5. improvements 6. aside from 7. suspect 8. supplement 9. profit 10. primarily 11. spraying 12. stacking(B)1. While 2. escape 3. begin 4. Because/As 5. quit 6. start 7. on8. but (also) 9. be 10. close 11. have 12. cutting 13. cook/prepare 14. cities 15. however 16. familyII. TranslationA decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household equipment store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily because of/owing to/due to their desire to improve the quality of their lives.2But, to run a small business is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Once she could not evenpick up the phone bill and had to ask her parents to loan her some money.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Part III Text BComprehension Checkl. a 2. c 3.d 4. b 5. a 6. c Translation (JE Appendix III) Language Practice1. In addition2. roast3. percentage4. entertainment5. cable6. at one time7. get along8. missed out on9. whip up 10. as a result 11. commute 12. rent 13. taken over 14. make sense 15. mushroomed 16. go with 17. fried 18. dizzy 19. array 20. gasped Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paperRecent Changes in Chinese Family LifeGreat changes have taken place in Chinese family life in the past twenty years. In my parents? words, the difference between their childhood and mine is as vast as that between heaven and earth.When my parents were young, there was no TV, no computers nor any other electronic appliances in their home. Their food was simple and their clothing plain. What is unbelievable to young people today is that they seldom dined out in a restaurant, or traveled to a scenic spot for a holiday.In contrast to family life one generation ago, each family in China today has at least one TV set and many have been equipped with telephones, computers, even cars. While the senior members of a family watch films on TV at home, the younger members like to play computer games or talk to their friends who may live thousands of miles from them.The changes in Chinese family life mirror the economic development of our country. Without the prosperity of the whole country, our family life would probably be just the same as before. Times have changed, and changed, most would surely agree with me, for the better. (194 words)3Unit 2Part I Pre-Reading Task Script for the recording:The song you are going to listen to is called Abraham, Martin John, sung by Dion. Abraham, Martin John DionHas anybody here,Seen my old friend Abraham, Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just loohed around, And he's gone, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend John,Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just loohed around, And he' s gone, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Martin,Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just looked around, And he's gone,Didn't you love the things they stood for,Didn't they try to find some good for you and me, And we'll he free,Someday soon it's gonna be one day, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Bothy,Can you tell me, where he's gone,I thought I saw him walhin' up over the hill, With Ahrah am, Martin and John.The unit we are going to study is all about civil-rights heroes. The song you have just heard is about four of them. Can you guess who they are? All are American. All are dead, all, as the song says, \people. That's one clue. Another comes when she quotes the proverb: \young.\young. My guess is Dion has in mind Abraham Lincoln, the American president who freed the slaves and was assassi?nated. How about John, another leader who helped people to free themselves? He too died young. Can you guess who it might be? President John F. Kennedy seems most likely. He too supported civil rights. He too died young, assassinated like Lincoln.4Now who could Martin be? Another civil-rights leader who died young, once again assassi?nated. A great speaker comes to mind. Who do you think? Martin Luther King, surely. And finally, Bobby. Bobby who? Probably Dion is thinking of Bobby Kennedy, John Kennedy's brother, another supporter of civil rights. He was running for president when, like his brother before him, he too was gunned down.Part II Text A Text Organization 1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.Part Two Paras 6-23 By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Un?derground Railroad to freedom.2. Story 1 (Paras 6-10): After winning his own freedom fromslavery, John Parker helped otherslaves to escape north to Canada to get freedom.Story 2 (Paras 11-15): Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself.Story 3 (Paras 16-23): By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his desti?nation and became free at last. VocabularyI. 1. 1) decades 2) historic 3) imposed 4) racial5) slender 6) closing in on 7) settlement 8) site9) mission 10) authorized11) terminal 12) make the best of 13) exploits 14) religious 15) on the side2. 1) pass for 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on 5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) come up 8) given up3. 1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling. 3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.5。
综合英语教程4第三版课后翻译答案
综合英语教程第三版4 邹为诚主编第二单元p371.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。
shiftyMary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house.2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。
sneer atBob always sneers at my taste in clothes.3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。
pryIt is impolite to pry into other’s secrets.4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。
be after sthI think Chris is after my job.5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。
trail offShe trailed off, silenced by the look Chris gave her.6.那些树枝干而易断。
brittleThe branches were dry and brittle.7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。
crackleThe radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said. 8.地面向海倾斜。
slopeThe land slopes down to the sea.9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。
bulgeHis pockets were bulging with money.10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。
haggleI had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare.第三单元p581. 这样的好机会千载难逢。
once in a blue moonAn opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue mo on.2. 这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后练习翻译
新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后练习翻译第一单元一、1、They bound捆绑his hands and legs with a rope so he could’t escape.他们有一根绳子把他的手、脚捆了起来，这样他就逃不了了。
2、His bright clothes were hardly appropriate适合的for such a solemn occasion.他的衣着颜色鲜艳，不太适合这样一个庄严的时刻。
3、He’s been charged with possessing占有guns and attempting to attack the police. 他被控持有枪支，并意图袭警。
4、Is this your permanent永久的address,or are you only staying there for a short time? 这是你的固定地址？还是你只在那儿暂住一段时间。
5、Ten minutes before the appointed 约定time,he sat nervously outside her office.离约定时间还有十分钟，他就紧张地坐在她办公室外了。
6、We parted分开three years ago and haven’t met each other ever since.How I miss her! 我们三年前分开后就再也没见过面。
我多想她啊！7、Janet and Bob had corresponded通信with each other for many years before they finally met in Paris.珍妮和鲍勃通信多年后，最终在巴黎见面了。
8、Tina gazed盯着steadily at the famous singer,unable to believe she was so close to him. 蒂娜目不转睛地注视着那位著名的歌手，不敢相信自己离他这么近。
新世纪综合教程4大学英语课文翻译和课后习题的答案
大学英语课文翻译1 Man in the realm of nature人在自然界人类生活在大自然的王国里。
他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。
人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。
我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。
人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。
人类把自然资源转变为各种文化，社会历史的财富。
人类降服并控制了电，迫使它为人类社会的利益服务。
人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境，也改变了他生活环境的地貌和气候并使动植物因之而发生转变。
随着社会的发展，人类对大自然的直接依赖越来越少，而间接的依赖却越来越多。
我们远古的祖先生活在大自然的威胁及破坏力的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的生活物资都无法获取。
然而，尽管工具不甚完备，他们却能同心协力，顽强工作，并总是有所收获。
在与人类的相互作用中，大自然也发生了改变。
森林被破坏了，耕地面积增加了。
大自然及其威力被看成是和人类敌对的东西。
譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令人恐惧的，因此人类便想方设法使其面积缩小。
这一切都是打着“文明”的旗号进行的，所谓“文明”，就是人类在哪里建立家园，耕耘土地，哪里的森林就被砍伐。
然而，随着岁月的流逝，人类越来越关注的是在何处得到和如何得到生产所需的不可替代的自然资源的问题。
科学与人类改变大自然的实践活动已经使人类意识到了工业在改变地球的进程中对地质产生的重大影响。
目前，人与自然以及自然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。
生物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为尖锐。
人类和社会的需求，即便是简单得像淡水一样的物质，也变得越来越难以满足。
清除工业废物的问题也变得日益复杂。
现代技术的特征是生产和使用日益丰富的人工合成产品。
人们生产成千上万的人工合成材料。
人们越来越多地用尼龙和其他人造纤维把自己从头到脚地包裹起来，这些绚丽的织物显然对他们无益。
年轻人或许很少注意到这一点，他们更关注的是外表，而不是健康。
新世纪大学英语综合教程4Unit8课后答案及解析
Unit 8Part One1.Based on his experiences as a judge and writer during the past 30years, his new book covers all his reflections on life and justice.基于作为一名30年的法官和作家的经验，他的新书涵盖了所有对生活和司法的反思.2.There is no doubt that the improper medical treatment hastened his death.不恰当的医学治疗加快了他的死亡是毫无疑问的.3. There was only one solitary hotel left standing after the earthquake.地震发生后仅有一孤立旅馆矗立。
4.How the massive stones were brought here from hundreds of miles away remains an unsolved mystery to modern man.怎样将这么一大块石头从几百米之外带到这，对于现代人来说依然是一个未解之谜。
5.Emily Dickinson is known for her brilliant flights of fancy in her poems about love ,death and natural scenery.Emily Dickinson因为她诗中关于爱、死亡和自然风光的伟大幻想而出名。
6.I'll not be able to attend the conference in New York unless someone covers my expense.我不会出席在纽约举行的会议，除非有人给我报销开支。
7.In his talk,the doctor pointed out that many women pursue a slender figure at the cost of their health,by taking pills,having operations,and so on.在他的谈话中，医生指出许多妇女通过吃药、手术等方式，在牺牲健康的条件下追求苗条的身材。
新世纪大学英语综合教程4课后答案unit8
新世纪⼤学英语综合教程4课后答案unit8 Answers to Unit 8Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1.1) reflections 2) hastened 3) solitary 4) mystery 5) fancy 6) expenses7) slender 8) purchase 9) admission 10) subtle 11)betrayed 12)significance13) possession 14) procession 15) hints 16) conceal2. 1) put off 2) was down to her last 3) at length 4) all the way5) counted for 6) under his breath 7) ran riot 8) spent itself9) beat back 10) drinking in 11) out of work12) on a full scholarship 13) There is no wayIncreasing Your Word Power1.1) Her voice became sharpened as she became impatient.2) China is deepening her reform and opening to the outside world.3) The burglar was frightened off by the dog’s barking.4) This course can broaden students’ horizon.5) The days begin to shorten after the end of June.6) Life in the mountains hardened all the young people there.7) He told her the bad news very gently, trying to soften the blow.8) The doctor said that sunshine and rest would hasten his recovery from illness.9) Nothing can weaken our willpower.10) Passengers on the plane are asked to fasten their seat belts before it takes off.1) marriage 2) growth 3) storage 4) depth 5) truth6) youth 7) passage 8) length 9) shortage 10) breakage3. 1) kidney donor 2) alarm clock 3) heartbeat 4) mother tongue5) space shuttle 6) Science fiction 7) trademark 8) Family planning9) self-discipline 10) traffic jamGrammar Review1)WordinessBefore going to the supermarket, we made a list of the groceries we needed to prepare dinner.2)WordinessA lot of research has been done to determine its causes.3) WordinessProfessor Smith knows a great deal about American history.4)Dangling modifierTo finish the work on time, they have taken some new and effective measures.5)Dangling modifierAfter I graduated from college, my father wanted me to pursue my education in the United States.6)Dangling modifierHaving been bitten by a mad dog, the boy was cured by the doctor with a new kind of medicine.7)Split infinitiveSara hopes to finish her chemistry homework quickly so that she can return to the more interesting novel she has been reading.8)Random shift of the verb tenseProfessor Smith has worked in the university for over twenty years and has published many books.9)Not parallelHe told us to look at the picture and tell him what we found.10)Not parallelShe was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.11)Split infinitiveIf we were to examine the problem carefully, we could figure out a solution.12)Not parallelDictionaries can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs. Cloze1. disaster2. assured3. hastened4. gently5. afflicted6. tender7. paralyzed8. abandonment9. subtle 10. possess11. perception 12. procession 13. impose 14. travel-stainedTranslationI.1.Fearing that she couldn’t stand the blow, the police broke to the old woman as gently aspossible the news of her son’s death in the air crash.2.Investigation revealed that the road accident was caused solely by the driver who droveagainst traffic regulations.3.He is as mean as Shylock. When it comes to money, all the promises he’s mad to his friendscount for nothing.4.Since last year, the company has been unable to sell its products, but it was the recentunsuccessful foreign trade deal that hastened its bankruptcy.5.He booked his ticket half a month in advance to assure himself of going back home on timeto spend the Spring Festival with his family.6.At first, she had some worries about telling the truth. However, at length, she spoke out thesecret that she had kept in her heart for several years.7.Helen tried to control her mood, but her trembling hands betrayed her nervousness.8.Annie was awarded a scholarship at school. When she told her parents the good news, shecould not conceal her eagerness for praise from them though she claimed that it was nothing special at all.9.The leader of the rescue team told me under his breath that he had little hope of findingmore survivors from the mine accident.10.In the early days of World War II, the German submarines ran riot in the Atlantic Ocean.However, when radar was invented in Britain, the Germans began to suffer heavy losses.II.Honesty is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, and it is the basic moral principle for every citizen.Without honesty, a country would lose its status in the world; a family would lose its harmony; and a citizen would lose his or her personal dignity. No wonder it is said that honesty is more precious than gold. It is a tie for people to maintain relationships of mutual trust, the cornerstone for the development and progress of human society.Honesty is the exterior expression of a citizen’s moral character, the crystallization of a variety of spiritual elements such as ethics, morality, ideology, culture, etc. To be honest and to keep one’s word, one must have a noble moral character. To perfect one’s morality and behavior, one must be honest and dependable, and always keep one’s promise. Only when honesty is cherished as every citizen’s basic moral principle can the harmony of families and the prosperity of the country be guaranteed.Sample EssayMy Understanding of Honesty and SuccessDifferent people have different opinions about the relationship between honesty and success. Some people believe that honesty ad success are mutually exclusive. They regard honesty as a wasteful and costly investment that will only hinder success and prevent people from quick wins. Money-making tricks such as low-quality and fake products, or practices like plagiarism and bribery are seen as short-cuts to immediate success.However, many people hold that honesty and success are mutually supportive. They believe that honesty is the only means to an end. Being honest will definitely earn a person not only a good reputation but also more opportunities to develop his or her career and ability. Honesty also helps cultivate an upright and healthy personality and brings people true pride and deep joy.I agree with the latter viewpoint. Honesty is a virtue that every one of us should value. It can bring out the best in a person and will give him or her the best reward in return. Those who are honest may suffer temporary losses sometimes, but they willbenefit in the long run. In short, only by being honest consistently and persistently can we gain true and lasting happiness. (193 words)。
新标准大学英语综合教程4（unit-8）课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4（unit-8）课后答案及课文翻译应K e y t o b o o k4u n i t1- 4 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four yearsaway, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or(b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or(b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without makinga decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of anevent (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problem s. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place lookbrighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discour se marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in use word formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view(a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook) try as … might3 Rewrite the se ntences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I migh t to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserve s, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should getthe job.3 Since we’r e all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I thin k it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rat her late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, orinteresting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But m y parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetablesthrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is no t all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this r ate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（?翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新世纪大学英语系列教材综合教程4英语课后题答案(含原句)及整句翻译短语填空
Unit.1Shortly after the government’s new policy was put into effect , the economy of our co untry began to show signs of recovery. 后不久，政府的新政策付诸实施，我国经济开始出现复苏迹象。
2. The citizens have called upon the local authorities to minimize environmental destr uction by banning the use of all poisonous chemicals immediately. 市民呼吁地方当局立即禁止所有有毒化学物质的使用，以尽量减少对环境的破坏3. It’s known to all that military bases are off limits to outsiders. 它是已知的限制外人的所有军事基地。
4. She never participated in any violent sports games in fear of getting injured. 她从来不参加任何剧烈运动游戏中得到受伤的恐惧。
5. It seems that all of us are rushing around trying to get things done in a hurry—we all need to slow down and take it easy. 看来，我们所有人都在四处奔波，试图把事情做在赶时间，我们都需要慢下来，很容易。
6. Many trees in this area have been cut down to make room for buildings ,which has worsened our living environment. 在这一领域的许多树木被砍伐，使建筑物的房间，我们的生活环境恶化。
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Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) ensure2) exclude3) sustain4)domestic 5) fundamental 6)transparent 7) elastic 8) inherent 9) input 10) margin 11) reverse 12) potential 13) subsidies 14) restored 15) features 16) urged 2In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) is based on2) lived up to3) account for4) has borne out5) slow down6) act on7) cash in on8) regardless of9) on top of10) at their peril11) in part…in part 12) in the name of 13) torn down▆ Increasing Your Word Power1 Each of the following sentences has four parts underlined and marked with A, B,C and D. You are to identify the one that needs correction. Write down the correct usage in the space provided at the end of each sentence.▆ Answers:▆Answers:1) C (are→is)2) C (scent→smell / odour)3) B (is told→be told)4) D (since→while/whereas)5) C (deciding→decide)6) A (takes→gives)7) B (medicine→medical)8) C (minutes→minutes’)9) C (as well→as well as)10) B (have usually→usually have)11) D (while→when)12) A (Viewing→Viewed)13) D (seventh→seven)14) B (said of→said)15) C (progresses→progress)2 Clipping is a process that shortens a polysyllabic (多音节的) word by deleting one or more syllables, such as “prof” for “professor”, “copter” for “helicopter”, etc. A number of such abbreviations have been accepted in general usage. Now work in pairs and turn the clipped words into their original forms. Consult a dictionary if necessary.3 Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in this unit. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C.▆▇ Grammar and RhetoricThe following sentences seem to be grammatically correct, but they are in effect faulty. Discuss in pairs why they are not acceptable and then improve them.▇Answers for reference:1) Reason: WordinessImproved: Before going to the supermarket, we made a list of the groceries we needed to prepare dinner.2) Reason: WordinessImproved:A lot of research has been done to determine its causes.3) Reason: WordinessImprove: Professor Smith knows a great deal about American history.4) Reason: Dangling modifierImproved: To finish the work on time, they have taken some new and effective measures.5) Reason: Dangling modifierImproved: After I graduated from college,my father wanted me to pursue my education in the United States.6) Reason: Dangling modifierImproved: Having been bitten by a mad dog, the boy was cured by the doctor with a new kind of medicine.7) Reason: Split infinitiveImproved: Sara hopes to finish her chemistry homework quickly so that she can return to the more interesting novel she has been reading.8) Reason: Random shift of the verb tenseImproved: Professor Smith has worked in the university for over twenty years and (has) published many books.9) Reason: Not parallelImproved: He told us to look at the picture and to tell him what we found.10) Reason: Not parallelImproved: She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.11) Reason: Dangling modifierImproved: To get ready for the trip, I put all the things I needed into a suitcase the previous night.12) Reason: Not parallelImproved: Dictionaries can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs.Cloze▇Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.呼吁“包容性的”全球化▇ unit 8 cloze:(1) manifestation(2) lies(3) promoting(4)minds (5)recognize (6)benefit (7)economic(8) denied (9) excluded (10) prosperity(11) imperative(12) assistance(13) fostering(14) triumph(15) separateTranslation1 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressionsgiven in brackets.■ Answers for Reference:1) Those people yearn for the days inthe past because they don’t thinkthey can benefit from the current policies.2) Terrorists will make no distinctionbetween races, nations or regions when they carry out acts of terror. 3) The invention of paper was one ofthe great contributions Ancient China made to human civilization, and we should take pride in it.4) The teacher suggested that thestudents analyze these problems in a different light so as to find a solution as soon as possible.5) In recent years, some developedcountries have been robbing developing countries of their natural resources in the name ofglobalization.6) Legal English is a special register ofEnglish. Its distinctive features distinguish it from literary language and other practical styles.7) The company cashed in on its ri val’sdifficulties by doubling its investment in this area.8) When he wrote The Declaration ofIndependence, Thomas Jefferson was firm in the belief that all men were created equal.9) He has served the publicwhole-heartedly for many years, regardless of his personal gain or loss.10) Experts have long been concernedabout the implications of population growth for economic development of the world.2 Translate the following passage into English.■ Answers for Reference:It is commonly understood that globalization has been driven by liberalization policies and technological advances. Its role is to increase the flow of goods, service, capital, technology, information, ideas and labour at the global level.In fact, globalization is adouble-edged sword. It has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people really benefit from globalization while others simply see it as one more manifestation of the inequity of the world. To address the division between these two groups of people, Annan suggested a solution,i.e., to pursue an inclusiveglobalization. He believed that dialogue can triumph over discord, and that opening markets and promoting cooperation can ensure that globalization benefits the whole of humanity economically, politically and socially.Theme-Related Writing▇Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My View on Globalization”. Your writing should cover the following points:1) the advantages of globalization2) the disadvantages of globalization3) your view on globalization▇Sample essay:My View on GlobalizationGlobalization has brought us immense benefits. It helps realize our dream of a prosperous world. It boosts the world economy by opening global markets, smoothing the flow of capital and commodities, and increasing productivity and employment opportunities. In addition, the concerted efforts globalization motivates in areas like fighting against terrorism, environmental protection, health, and education have also contributed to the wellbeing of humanity.However, there are always voices against globalization. Some people accuse multinational corporations of providing unfair and unsafe working conditions, using cheap labour, exploiting natural resources and causing ecological damage. They alsocriticise globalization for not only modernizing but also westernizing native cultures. They also argue that globalization leads to the spread of epidemics and diseases.In short, globalization is a double-edged sword and we must handle it with care. We must set up rules and regulations as well as sound supervising systems. If it is well handled, globalization will surely serve humanity.(155 words)。