新英汉翻译课件教程 Chapter 10 长句翻译

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英汉汉英视译教程上篇英译汉第十单元目的句视译

第10单元目的句视译（例句）

〈译评〉笔译版本是可以接受的，但是显然不够口语化，带有明显的英文思维印记，中文听起来有些费解。视译版本简洁、易懂，意在引导学生拓宽思路。
第10单元目的句视译（例句）

5. Books have been written trying to prove that flying saucers come from outer space. 【笔译】已经写了许多书，企图证明飞碟来自外层空间。
第10单元目的句视译（例段）

2. Zhang Xiaoji, researcher at the State Council’s
张小吉为国务院发展中心研究员，他说：中国 Development Research Center said that the growth
的经济发展情势不容乐观。 situation is severe for China. “It will take a great effort 他警告说：“中国需 for China to avoid hard-landing”, he warned. 付出很大努力才可避免经济硬着陆。”
第10单元目的句视译（例篇）

By definition, the purpose of work is to produce some valued end—such as repairing the plumbing or creating a successful trial defense for a client. But extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation are not mutually exclusive. You can work for a valued end while still focusing on and enjoying the process. To the degree that you focus on the process, your work is play. In my employment as an author, writing is a burden if I write for the purpose of just the end—the published piece or the royalties I might earn. When I take that attitude, I find it hard to start. Writing then is toil, not play. In order to make writing play, I must remove my focus from the end, and put it on a shelf in the back of my mind, so that I can focus my attention on the process—the process of generating ideas and crafting phrases with which to express them. I can even convince myself so as not to feel burden of writing that the end doesn’t matter; writing is such fun that it is worth doing even if the piece is never published, and never earns a cent. Ironically, when I succeed in taking this playful attitude, the end result is far better than when I don’t.

汉译英长句的翻译方法 ppt课件

Case 2
表示方式或状态的部分，一般应从属于表示行为或动作的部分。
其后走过三个人，都有四五十岁光景。手摇白纸扇，缓步而来。
Behind him came three men, all about forty to fifty years old. Fanning themselves with white paper fans, they walked slowly.
把中文翻译好英文后，我们是否检查我们翻译的英文句子的主语和宾语的单复数及冠词使用问题；谓语动词的时态，语态和语气问题呢？
2
PPT课件
基本方法
合并法主从句分法正译法和反译法倒置法插入法
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PPT课件
合并法
合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多；英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句
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PPT课件
正译法和反译法 —表达方式
这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。
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Case 6
否定或反说部分，一般应从属于肯定或正说部分。国际争端在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力威
胁。 International disputes should be settled on this
basis, without resorting to the use of threat or force.

英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter Ten Skills for Canton Fair Translation-文档资料

Skills for Canton Fair Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Chapter Ten
货币金额
（2）合同总价为叁佰贰拾万美元。 [原译]: The total contract value is $ 3, 200, 000. [注]：表面上看, 原译似乎完全正确, 而且在商务英语的课本中亦常有此写法。然而,就正式合同而言, 原译则不够准确、严谨, 甚至存在严重隐患或漏洞。 [改译]: The total contract value is US $ 3, 200, 000. 00 (Say: the 1. 在日常用语中 $通常是指 US$, 即美元 , 但也可代表其他某些货币 , 如HK$, United States , Dollars Three Million Two Hundred Thousand Only). Can$等。因此, 译文中准确的货币符号应为US$。 2. 原译中金额数字的写法也不够严密, 根据原文的文义, 译文中的金额应为大写或者大小写，即便只用小写，也应加上小数点后的两位，即 3,200,000.00 。 3. 在合同金额较大的情况下, 如果金额数字只是小写, 则易出现差错, 而且小数点(.) 和分节号(,) 容易混淆, 如稍有不慎, 就会导致严重后果。
Skills for Canton Fair Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Chapter Ten
货币金额
合同价款和支付条款是对外经贸合同主要条款之一, 对合同各方关系重大,必须明确规定。合同金额数字应高度准确、缜密, 无懈可击。但在这些条款的翻译中仍出现不少问题, 最为典型的是有关货币金额的译文不够规范、严谨, 存在漏洞,如货币符号的写法不完整、译文中缺少大写、漏写小数点的后两位以及混淆小数点和分节号等等。

中译英长句翻译技巧PPT课件

长句的翻译
CHENLI
1
汉语与英语构句的不同特点
英语长句结构：主语+谓语+修饰语并列成分或并列句
短语或从句
英语主谓关系非常明显，其他成分通过各种手段（介词、连词、关系代词、关系副词）同主谓成分挂钩
CHENLI
2
汉语连接词相对少，使用频率也低，少用介词而多用动词结构松散，分句间缺乏应有的形式
coordinate and assist subordinate
enterprises in updating production
technology and to transform
mechanism of old factories, as well as
taking part in capitCaHElNLIinvestment.
of going to nurseries and kindergartens.
School age begins at six. Primary school
lasts for six years, so does the
secondary education. It takes four years
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中国目前的教育制度可以分为四个阶段：学
前教育，也就是托儿所和幼儿园阶段，然后从六岁开始六年小学，六年中学和四年大学。
At present, Chinese educational system
can be divided into four stages.
Preschool education refers to the period
CHENLI
15
他很少乘车坐船, 几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭, 长途跋涉; 为了弄清大自然的真相, 他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察, 发现了许多奇山秀景。

Lesson 10 汉语特殊句式的翻译(2)PPT课件

Cutting/dividing
❖ ⑴汉语长句中若含有反问句、反诘句或感叹句，宜分译
❖ 盛夏炎日，一走进浙江莫干山的林间小道就汗止心凉，加上轻风拂煦，浑身有说不出的舒坦，忍不住要赞叹一声：莫干山，好一个清凉世界！
❖ No matter how hot it is “outside”, once you step onto the trail through the forest on Mogan Mountain in Zhejiang Province, the sweat withdraws from your body. In addition, the breeze refreshes you with a gentle caress. How cool it is!
❖ ② applying the original structure ❖ ③ changing the original structure ❖ the most urgent task: discern its main idea
and the layout of the structure
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the passive. True, passive structures do exist in the
Chinese language, but not so commonly as in English.
Chinese passive structures may be roughly classified into
12
❖ The usual methods adopted in translating long Chinese sentences:
❖ ① Cutting/dividing : cutting the long sentence into several sections regardless of the punctuation marks.

英译汉教程

Worry:担忧，担心 The state of readiness:准备就绪，战备状况；愿意
14.Another major worry for the navy is the state of readiness.
①海军非常担心的另一件事是战备状况。 ②海军的另一个主要担忧是战备状况。
15.Alarm began to take entire possession of him.
24.This now exhauts my list of speakers. exhaut:耗尽，用完，花光 list of speakers:名单上的发言人
24.This now exhauts my list of speakers. 现在我的名单上的发言人都已发过言了。
25.Our steps have brought us here from the West, but our spirit proceeds from the East.
•Thank you for your listening!
grab：骗取
17.The shock registered on Earl’s face as the seawater grabbed him.
①海水把厄尔卷了进去，他大惊失色。 ②当海水吞噬他的时候，厄尔惊恐万分。
18.My hurts are many and deep, even now, triggered again by the sound of new rainfall. triggered:扣扳机，激发起，引起，触发
英汉翻译
Drills 4.3.1
10.From the moment we stepped into the Peoples' Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. From the moment:从……那刻起（与the moment 一……就…… 不同） step into：踏入 care:关心，照顾 kindness:体贴

新英汉翻译教程-----Chapter-10-长句翻译PPT课件

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10. 1. 2 逆译法 (Translation in Reverse Order)
•
逆着或基本逆着原文的词序或句序进行翻译，词序
与思维方式和表达习惯有关。在翻译较长的英语句子时，
将分句或一些从属成分倒置译是常见的翻译方法。
•
汉语时空观上大体遵循逆序法，即由大至小，由远
及近，由重而轻；而英语的时空观大体遵循顺序法在表达
• 2. As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire—for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation.
4
例1：The successful testing of atomic and hydrogen
bombs and guided missile and the launching and accurate recovery of man-made earth satellites are important indications of our new level in science and technology.
terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may
be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical
subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study.

Translation of long sentences 长句翻译技巧 ppt课件

were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue
eyes had acquired a certain fullness.
如果说她早已失掉了那蔚蓝色眼睛的，花儿般的魅力，也失掉了她脸儿和身段的那种冰清玉洁，苗条多姿的气质和那苹果花似的颜色— 二十六年前这种花容月貌曾那样迅速而奇妙地影响过艾舍斯特 --- 那么在四十三岁的今天，她依旧是个好看而忠实的伴侣，不过两颊淡淡地有点儿斑驳，而灰蓝的眼睛也已经有点儿沧桑了。
the apple-blossom colouring which had so
swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six
years ago, she was still at forty-three, a
comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks
PPT课件
2
+ 将原句中某一个或几个词从句中抽出，译成中文之后置于句首或句尾。这些词可以是副词、过去分词、或一句话。
+ This is a NATO matter and any comment on it should appropriately come from NATO.
+ 这是北约组织的问题，关于这个问题的任何
+ No one will deny that /what we have been able to do in the past five years is especially striking /in view of the crisis which we inherited from the previous government.

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• 4. There are various categories of bag ladies: those who live on the streets, claiming they enjoy the freedom from constraints of society; those who became homeless because a relative died or because they couldn't keep up rent payments, and they didn't know where to go or how to apply for relief; and quasi bag ladies who have an anchor point—a sister or brother whom they can visit once in a while to take a bath. • (bag ladies=shopping bag ladies，指挎着购物
例1：The successful testing of atomic and hydrogen bombs and guided missile and the launching and accurate recovery of man-made earth satellites are important indications of our new level in science and technology. • 【译文】原子弹、氢弹、导弹试验成功，人造地球卫星的发射成功和准确回收，集中标志着我国科学技术达到的新水平。 • 【解析】这是一个简单句，句中共有五个并列连词“and”，其中四个在主语里,第一个连接着“bombs”的两个定语 “atomic”和“hydrogen”；第二个连接着介词“of”的两个并列宾语“bombs”和“guided missiles”; 第三、四个连接着句中三个并列的主语“testing, launching”和 “accurate recovery”; 第五个连词接着介词“in”的两个并列宾语“science”和“technology”。翻译时，可把第一、二、三、五连词可省略不译，然后按顺译法则可获得满意译文.
•
3. The development of industrial technology largely strengthened human physical capabilities, enabling people to harness more energy, process and shape materials more easily, travel faster, and so on while the development of microelectronics extends mental capabilities, enabling electric “intelligence” to be closely related to a wide range of products and processes.
【译文】为了能打好数学基础，掌握好数学，以利于深造，学数学的学生必需熟悉和牢记数学中的所有常用的符号和代码，精通数学方面的定义、公式和术语。
【解析】这是个主从复合句。其中主句的主语 “ A student of mathematics”带三个平行结构的谓语“must become familiar with, bear them in mind and be well versed in…”，然后由“in order that”引导一个目的状语从句，这个目的状语从句同时也带有两个平行结构的谓语“may be able to build up the foundation and master it well for pursuing advanced study”。汉语表达习惯上总是目的在前，行动在后。所以，翻译时可按逆译法从后往前翻译，把目的先译置前，便是规范的汉语译文。
CHAPTER TEN
Translation of Long Sentences
10. 1 英语长句的翻译方法
我们知道，英语中的重点内容总是在前，而汉语
中的重点内容却在后。“西方人喜欢抽象，我们
中பைடு நூலகம்人喜欢具体，长于综合”（王力）。英国散
文作家江纳生 • 斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift）曾说过这样一句名言：“Proper words in proper
10. 1. 2 逆译法 (Translation in Reverse Order)
• 逆着或基本逆着原文的词序或句序进行翻译，词序与思维方式和表达习惯有关。在翻译较长的英语句子时，将分句或一些从属成分倒置译是常见的翻译方法。 • 汉语时空观上大体遵循逆序法，即由大至小，由远及近，由重而轻；而英语的时空观大体遵循顺序法在表达法上多有不同。比如：“Misery follows war.” “战争导致苦难。” • 英语长句的叙述层次、表达习惯不同于汉语，如果按原文次序翻译就会感到译文模糊，不通顺，这时就需要逆着原文的顺序去译，从后面的部分译起。从后往前译感到更自然，更能表达原文，符合汉语习惯。
袋在城市里到处流浪的女人)
译文欣赏
• 1. 能量和物质着两种东西如何起作用，它们如何相互影响，人们如何控制它们使之为自己服务，这些问题是两门基础自然科学— 物理和化学的主要内容。 • 2. 至于那些不幸的人，它们拥有自己想要的一切东西，它们的任何奇想都能得到满足，并能得到它们渴望弄到手的没一件东西—对他们来说，新的乐趣，新的刺激只不过是再一次厌腻。 • 3. 工业技术的发展大大增强了人的体力，使人们能更广泛地利用能源，更方便地把材料进行加工和成型，更快地进行旅游等等，而微电子学的发展则增强了人的智力，使电子“智能”用于各种各样的产品和过程。 • 4. 流浪女有各种各样：有的栖身街头，说她们喜欢自由自在，不受社会的约束；有的因亲属去世，或因无力继续支付房租，而变得无家可归，又不知道到哪里去申请救济，或如何申请救济；也有些是准流浪女，她们有个落脚点— 有个兄弟或姐妹，偶尔可以前去洗洗澡。
• 例3：We depend upon the sun’s rays for the light and warmth which keep us alive, but there are some kinds of rays from the sun which would burn us to death if we were not protected from them.
例2：Although, in the last century, it was accepted that the body has been programmed to last for seventy years, until the 1960s it was all too obvious that very few bodies ever did, and for a man to enjoy good health in old age was exceptional. 【译文】虽然在上个世纪，人们普遍认为人能活到 70岁，但是事实很清楚，20世纪60年代以前，很少有人能活到这个年龄。至于老年时享有一个健康的体魄，那更是罕见的了。
例1：A student of mathematics must become familiar with all the signs and symbols commonly used in mathematics and bear them in mind and be well versed in the definitions, and formulas as well as the technical terms in the field of mathematics, in order that he may be able to build up the foundation of the mathematical subject and master it well for pursuing advanced study.
10. 1.1 顺译法（Translation in Original Order）
长句翻译最常用的方法还是顺译法。顺译即顺着原文词序或句序翻译，当然不是逐字翻译，也不排斥个别词或词组的倒置。顺译首先仍要抓中心、找关键。如果是简单句，就要抓出中心词、中心意义。主语是什么？谓语是什么？如果是复合句，就要抓引导各种从句的关键连词，搞清从句的性质，分清句子结构和叙述层次，理清头绪和主次，注意语气衔接，按照句子顺序从前往后翻译。
例2：It was our view that the United States could be effective in both the tasks assigned by the President, i.e., of ending hostilities, and making a contribution to a permanent peace in the Middle East—if we conducted ourselves so that we could remain in permanent contact with all of these elements in the equation.
【译文】如果我们采取行动以便能继续与中东问题各方面保持接触，美国就能担当起总统布置的两项任务，即结束中东敌对行为，并对核地区的永久和平做出贡献，这就是我们的看法。【解析】这是“it”作形式主语的主从复合句。主句是“it was our view”， it代替“that”引导的名词性从句，作形式主语。从句的主语是“the United States”，谓语是“could be effective in …”，过去分词短语“assigned by the President”修饰“tasks”，另两个现在分词短语“ending hostilities, and making a contribution to”是介词“of”的宾语，一起补充说明“tasks”的实际内容。从句后又有一个“if”引导的条件状语从句，这个条件状语从句又带有“so that”引导的目的状语从句。翻译时把状语从句提前先译，其状语从句中的条件状语又先于目的状语去译。