高考必考英语语法

高考必考英语语法超级归纳一、冠词

冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法

A plane is a machine that can fl

指一类人或事，相当于a kind of

A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。第一次提及某人某物，非特指

3We study eight hours a day.

表示“每一”相当于every，one

4We are nearly of an age.

表示“相同”相当于the same

— Hello, could I speak to Mr. Sm

ith?

—Sorry, wrong number. There isn 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与

't______ Mr. Smith here.

某名人有类似性质的人或事

B. a

A. 不填 C. theD. one

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋）

a couple of, a bit, once upon a ti

用于固定词组中me, in a hurry, have a walk, ma 6

ny a time

用于quite, rather, many, half, wha

This room is rather a big one.7

t, such之后

She is as clever a girl as you can

用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后

wish to meet.

success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功

的人或事

a failure 失败的人或事 a shame带来耻辱的人或事

用于抽象名词具体化的名词前

a pity

可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事

a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识

. 定冠词的用法

In many places in China, ___ bicycle i s still ___ popular means of transport

表示某一类人或物

ation.

A. a; the

B. /; a

C. the; a

D. the; the 用于世上独一无二的事物名

the universe, the moon, the Pacific Oc 2

ean

词前

表示说话双方都了解的或上

3Would you mind opening the door?文提到过的人或事

用于演奏乐器

4play the violin, play the guitar

用于形容词和分词前表示一

5the reach, the living, the wounded

类人

—Could you tell me the way to ____ J ohnsons, please?

—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文

here in the village.

的不定冠词用法5）

A. the; the

B. the; a

C. /; the

D. the;

用于序数词和形容词副词比

7He is the taller of the two children.

较级最高级前

用于国家党派等以及江河湖

the United States, the Communist Part 8

y of China, the French

海，山川群岛的名词前

用于表示发明物的单数名词

9The compass was invented in China.

前

在逢十的复数数词之前，指

in the 1990’s(二十世纪九十年代)

世纪的某个年代

用于表示度量单位的名词前

11I hired the car by the hour.

用于方位名词，身体部位名

12He patted me on the shoulder.

词

III. 不用冠词（又名零冠词）的用法

专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词， Beijing University, Jack, China, lov

e, air

人名地名等名词前

I want this book, not that one. /W

名词前有this, my, whose, some,

hose purse is this?

no, each, every等限制

季节，月份，星期，节假日，一 March, Sunday, National Day, sprin

日三餐前

Lincoln was made President of Ame

表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 4

rica.

表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前 5He likes playing football/chess. We went right round to the west c oast by ______ sea instead of dri

ving across ______ continent.

与by连用表示交通方式的名词前

A. the; the

不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不

填；不填

husband and wife, knife and fork,

以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时

day and night

表示泛指的复数名词前

8Horses are useful animals.

二、名词和主谓一致

I. 名词的种类

专有名词普通名词

可数名词不可数名词

国名地名人名，团体

机构名称

个体名词抽象名词集体名词物质名词特别注意名词类别的相互转换

个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换

例句

名词性质

意义

①She held someflowersin her h 个体名词花儿

and.

②The trees are now inflower 抽象名词开花

①Youthis beautiful.

抽象名词青春

②He is ayouthof twenty

个体名词年轻人

①They have achieved remarkable

抽象名词成功

successin their work.

②—How about the Christmas eve

ning party?

成功的事个体名词

—I should say it was a suc

cess.

物质名词与个体名词的相互转换例句意义

名词性质

①Ironis a kind of metal.物质名词铁

②Please lend me youriron.熨斗个体名词

①He broke a piece ofglass.玻璃物质名词

②He broke aglass.

玻璃杯个体名词

①I bought a chicken this mornin

个体名词小鸡

②Please help yourself to somec

物质名词鸡肉

hicken

抽象名词与个体名词的转换

①—I’d like______information about the management of y

our hotel,please.

—Well, you could have____word with the mana ger. He might be helpful

A.some,a

B.an,some

C.some,some

D.an,a

②They sent usword of the latest happenings. 消息（抽象具有动作意义的抽象名

名词）

词加用与某些动词（如：

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

have等）连

③Could we haveword before you go to the meeting? 话用，表示某一次短暂

（个体名词）

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

的动作

类例：have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/

a discussion/a look

take a walk/a bathmake an advance(

进步)/make an

early start(早点出发)

/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(发出痛

苦的叫声) /give a try

①Many people agree that___knowledge of English is a m

表示知识和时间的

ust in____international trade today.

A.a,/

B.the, an

C.the, the

D. /, the

抽象名词转换为普

a knowledge of truth(知道实际情况)

通名词时可以用来

give a fuller knowledge of China(提供关于中国更为翔实的知识)

have a knowledge of shorthand(有速记的知识)

表示

②If there were no examination, we should have______at school.

其中的一部分

A.the happiest time

B.a more happier time

C.much happiest time

D.a much happier time

③ is money.

A.The time

B.A time

C.Time

D.Times

①Oh, John. _____you gave me!

A.How a pleasant surprise

B.How pleasant surpri se

抽象名词转换为普通名

C.What a pleasant surprise

D. What pleasant surprise

词可用来表示“一次、一

②She looked upwhen I shouted.

阵、一种”具体的行为、

A.in a surprise

B.in the surprise

C.in surprise

D.in 事件、现象或结

some surprise

果。这时名词前往往

其它例子：The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surprise

有形容词修饰

③It is_____work of art that everyone wants to have a lo