高一英语第四单元词汇

新课程高一英语学案Unit 4 EarthquakesPart one Words and expressionsI. Learning goals for vocabulary:1. The students can read the words fluently.2. Learn the bold words by heart and learn to use them freely.II. Learning process:1. right away立刻，马上1.I’ll return the book to you right away. 我会马上还书给你。

2. If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away.如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。

“立刻，马上”的短语：right away，right now，at once，immediately，in no time【练习】中译英不要担心，她马上就来。

_____________________________________________________________答案: Don’t worry; she will be here right away.2. burst v.&n. (burst, burst) 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂1.The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。

2. The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。

3. On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying.一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。

4. A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。

burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑(burst into sth. 突然爆发) burst into tears = burst out crying突然大哭（burst out sth./doing sth.突然开始做某事）【练习】中译英1. 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。

________________________________________________________________ 2. 太阳突然从云端里露出来。

________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.Water-pipes often burst in cold weather. 2. The sun burst through the clouds.3. as if = as though 仿佛……; 好像……1)可以引导方式状语从句2) 在look, seem, 后引导表语从句。

从句可以是真实的也可以是虚拟的情况。

1.as if = as though 引导方式状语从句Eg. 1）She spoke to me as if she knew me.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。

2）I remember it as if it happened yesterday. 我记住这件事，仿佛是昨天发生的。

2. as if 在look, seem后引导表语从句1) It seemed as if the meeting would never end.看起来会议没完没了。

（虚拟的）2) It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。

（真实的）4. at an end 结束，终结（= finished）The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了。

It seemed that the world was at an end!世界似乎到了末日。

与end搭配的常用短语at the end of 在……末尾端by the end of 在……末为止in the end 最后，终于make ends meet 收支相抵end up with 以...结束，强调方式end up in 最终……,强调结果【练习】用end 相关短语填空。

1. How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?2. He became an outstanding doctor ___________.3. My uncle will fly to China _________ this week.4. His income added up to no more than $500, so he tried hard to ____________.5.The class often ______________ a beautiful song .6. If you continue to steal, you’ll _________ prison.Keys :1by the end of 2 in the end3 at the end of 4 make ends meet 5.ends up with6 end up in5. ruin v.&n.毁灭，使破产，遗迹，废墟（名词时常用复数）可以表客观的毁灭也可以表示抽象的毁灭1. The hurricane ruined all the houses here.飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。

2. He ruined his prospects by carelessness. 他因疏忽大意而断送了前途。

（抽象）[重点短语] be in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪fall into ruin 变成废墟come to ruin 毁灭，落空ruin oneself 自我毁灭bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭【练习】中译英1. 那建筑物已成断壁残垣。

______________________________________2. 那教堂已破败不堪。

______________________________________答案: 1. The building is in ruins. 2. The church has fallen into ruin.6. injure vt.损害，伤害1.You will injure your health by smoking too much.吸烟太多会损伤你的健康。

2.I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次车祸中受了伤。

辨析injure, wound 与hurthurt 一般用语，即可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神和情感方面的伤害。

injure 比hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，很少指精神方面的伤害。

wound 指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指在战争中受伤。

【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1. The soldier was ______ in the arm in the war.2. She was _______ slightly in an accident during the work.3. I was very much _______ at his words. 答案: 1. wounded 2.injured 3. hurt 7. destroy vt.破坏，毁坏，消灭1.Fire destroyed the forest. 大火烧毁了森林。

2.All his hopes were destroyed. 他的希望都破灭了。

3.The city was destroyed during the war. 这座城市在战争中被摧毁了。

辨析destroy / ruin / damage damage指不彻底地破坏，只是使其不能发挥正常作用；destroy指十分彻底地破坏，其后果不能或很难修复；而ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复。

destroy可接物，也可接人；而damage通常接物。

The bus was badly damaged when it hit the wall．大客车撞到墙上，损坏得很厉害。

He hates his little sister because she destroyed all his toys他讨厌他的小妹妹，因为她损坏了他所有的玩具。

You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish．如果你继续这种愚蠢的行为，你会自毁前程的。

【练习】用上面三个词的适当形式填空1. Everywhere they found nearly everything was_________.2. He __________ his girl friend’s prospects.(前程)3. Soft wood ________easily. 答案: 1. destroyed 2. ruined 3. damages 8. shock vt&n. vt（.使）震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震动1.It shocks you when something like that happens.发生这样的事情，使人觉得难以置信。

2. be shocked at/to do sth. 听到某事感到震惊We were all shocked at the news of his death. 听到他的死讯我们都感到震惊。

3. shock的派生形容词：shocking某事令人震惊的, shocked某人感到震惊的9. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救1. The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

2. The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。

3. Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。