英语专业八级(考研)阅读理解模拟试题及解析.doc
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷150含答案和解析
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷150讲座会话听力大题型(1)So Roger Chillingworth—a deformed old figure, with a face that haunted men's memories longer than they liked—took leave of Hester Prynne, and went stooping away along the earth. He gathered here and there an herb, or grubbed up a root, and put it into the basket on his arm. His grey beard almost touched the ground, as he crept onward. Hester gazed after him a little while, looking with a half fantastic curiosity to see whether the tender grass of early spring would not be blighted beneath him, and show the wavering track of his footsteps, sere and brown, across its cheerful verdure. She wondered what sort of herbs they were, which the old man was so sedulous to gather. Would not the earth, quickened to by the sympathy of his eye, greet him with poisonous shrubs, of species hitherto unknown, that would start up under his fingers? Or might it suffice him, that every wholesome growth should be converted into something deleterious and malignant at his touch? Did the sun, which shone so brightly everywhere else, really fall upon him? Or was there, as it rather seemed, a circle of ominous shadow moving along with his deformity, whichever way he turned himself? And whitherwas he now going? Would he not suddenly sink into the earth, leaving a barren and blasted spot, where, in due course of time, would be seen deadly nightshade(颠茄), dogwood(山茱萸), henbane(天仙子), and whatever else of vegetable wickedness the climate could produce, all flourishing with hideous luxuriance? Or would he spread bat's wings and flee away, looking so much the uglier, the higher he rose towards heaven?(2)\1.According to Para. 1, people are most impressed by ChilUngworth’s______.(A)A. spiritB. figureC. ageD. appearance解析：推断题。
2024年英语专八练习阅读测试题及答案
[D] it’s desirable for good men to keep away from evil
[D] 好人应该远离邪恶
2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime,_____________.
[B]小城镇的人坚守老的纪律和标准
[C] today’s society lacks sympathy for people in difficulty
[C]现代社会缺少对于困境中的人的同情
[D] people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities
[C] 罪犯本人应该为此负责
[D] the standards of living should be improved
[D] 生活水平应该提高
3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have________.
3. 和小城镇相比，大城市的人________。
[C] 对人们的行为应该加以更多控制
[D] more people should accept the value of accountability
[D] 更多人应该接受“责任感”这一价值观
本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！
[A] 学校和家庭中应该保持更严格的纪律
[B] more good examples should be set for people to follow
[B] 应该为人们树立更多学习榜样
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.2 percent effective. The results were surprising because both vaccines, one from the French company Sanofi-Aventis and one developed by Genentech but now licensed to Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases, a nonprofit health group, had failed when used individually. “This came out of the blue,” said Chris Viehbacher, Sanofi’s chief executive. Even 31 percent protection “was at least twice as good as our own internal experts were predicting,”he added. In 2004, there was so much skepticism about the trial just after it began that 22 top AIDS researchers published an editorial in Science magazine suggesting that it was a waste of money. One conclusion from the surprising result, said Alan Bernstein, head of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, an alliance of organizations pursuing a vaccine, “is that we’re not doing enough work in humans.” Instead of going back to mice or monkeys, he said, different new variants on the two vaccines could be tried on a few hundred people in several countries. This vaccine was designed to combat the most common strain of the virus in Southeast Asia, so it would have to be modified for the strains circulating in Africa and the United States. Sanofi’s vaccine, Alvac-HIV, is a canarypox virus with three AIDS virus genes grafted onto it. Variations of it were tested in several countries; it was safe but not protective. The other vaccine, Aidsvax, was originally made by Genentech and contains a protein found on the surface of the AIDS virus; it is grown in a broth of hamster ovary cells. It was tested in Thai drug users in 2003 and in gay men in North America and Europe but failed. In 2007, two trials of a Merck vaccine in about 4,000 people were stopped early; it not only failed to work but for some men also seemed to increase the risk of infection. Combining Alvac and Aidsvax was simply a hunch: if one was designed to create antibodies and the other to alert white blood cells, might they work together? One puzzling result—those who became infected had as much virus in their blood whether they got the vaccine or a placebo—suggests that RV 144 does not produce neutralizing antibodies, as most vaccines do, Dr. Fauci said. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins formed by the body that clump onto invading viruses, blocking the surface spikes with which they attach to cells and flagging them for destruction. Instead, he theorized, it might produce “binding antibodies,” which latch onto and empower effector cells, a type of white blood cell attacking the virus. Therefore, he said, it might make sense to screen all the stored Thai blood samples for binding antibodies. “The humbling prospect of this,” he said, “is that we may not even be measuring the critical parameter. It may be something you don’t normally associate with protection.”Dr. Lawrence Corey, the principal investigator for the HIV Vaccine Trials Network, who was not part of the RV 144 trial, said new work on weakened versions of the smallpox vaccine had produced better pox “spines” that could be substituted for the canarypox. New trials, he added, could be faster and smaller if they were done in African countries where AIDS is more common than in Thailand.36．Which of the following is NOT true about RV 144?A．It has been on trial for six years.B．People who get it are protected against AIDS.C．People who get it are not as easily infected as others.D．It is regarded as a very important finding in the history.正确答案：B解析：此题是事实题。
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷149(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷149(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.B．Para. 4.C．Para. 7.D．Para. 8.正确答案：D解析：篇章题。
文章第一段首先对当前毕业生就业现状进行描述，随后通过数据介绍对比了不同专业毕业生的就业和薪酬水平。
第三段和第四段通过两位专家的观点指出很多人对大学教育的看法。
接着作者在第五段和第六段介绍了美国社会目前存在的“大学无用论”，并由此引到第七段，作者对大学教育价值的分析。
紧接着，作者在第八段用伦敦大学哲学教授的事例进行阐述，提出自己的观点，当具有职业导向的学位不再是就业的敲门砖时，学生们求学过程中的功利主义色彩就会被消解。
全文最后一段是作者申明主题思想的段落，因此[D]为答案。
如上所述，第一段仅是起始段，引出话题，故排除[A]；第四段阐述的是专家的观点而非作者的观点，故排除[B]；第七段讨论的是大学教育的价值，作者尚未表明自己的观点，故排除[C]。
知识模块：阅读(1)They make some of the world’s best-loved products. Their logos are instantly recognisable, their advertising jingles seared in shoppers’brains. For investors, they promise steady returns in turbulent times. They seem to be getting ever bigger: on June 30th Mondelez International made a $ 23 billion bid for Hershey to create the world’s biggest confectioner: and on July 7th Danone, the world’s largest yogurt maker, agreed to buy White Wave Foods, a natural-food group, for $ 12. 5 billion. Yet trouble lurks for the giants in consumer packaged goods(CPG), which also include firms such as General Mills, Nestle, Procter & Gamble and Unilever. As one executive admits in a moment of candour, “We’re kind of fucked. “(2)For a hint of the problem they face, take the example of Daniel Lubetzky, who began peddling his fruit-and-nut bars in health-food stores: his KIND bars are now ubiquitous, stacked in airports and Walmarts. Or that of Michael Dubin and Mark Levine, entrepreneurs irked by expensive razors, who began shipping cheaper ones directly to consumers five years ago. Their Dollar Shave Club now controls 5% of America’s razor market. (3)Such stories abound. From 2011 to 2015 large CPG companies lost nearly three percentage points of market share in America, according to a joint study by the Boston Consulting Group and IRI, a consultancy and data provider, respectively. In emerging markets local competitors are a growing headache for multinational giants. Nestle, the world’s biggest food company, has missed its target of 5 -6% sales growth for three years running. (4)For a time, size gave CPG companies a staggering advantage. Centralising decisions and consolidating manufacturing helped firms expand margins. Deep pockets meant companies could spend millions on a flashy television advertisement, then see sales rise. Firms distributed goods to a vast network of stores, paying for prominent placement onshelves. (5)Yet these advantages are not what they once were. Consolidating factories has made companies more vulnerable to the swing of a particular currency, points out Nik Modi of RBC Capital Markets, a bank. The impact of television adverts is fading, as consumers learn about products on social media and from online reviews. At the same time, barriers to entry are falling for small firms. They can outsource production and advertise online. Distribution is getting easier, too: a young brand may prove itself with online sales, then move into big stores. Financing mirrors the same trend: last year investors poured $ 3.3 billion into private CPG firms, according to CB Insights, a data firm—up by 58% from 2014 and a whopping 638% since 2011. (6)Most troublesome, the lumbering giants are finding it hard to keep up with fast-changing consumer markets. Ali Dibadj of Sanford C. Bernstein, a research firm, points out that some consumers in middle-income countries began by assuming Western products were superior. As their economies grew, local players often proved more attuned to shoppers’needs. Since 2004 big emerging economies have seen a surge of local and regional companies, according to data compiled by RBC. In China, for example, Yunnan Baiyao Group accounts for 10% of the toothpaste market, with sales growing by 45% each year since 2004. In Brazil Botica Comercial Farmaceutica sells nearly 30% of perfume. And in India Ghari Industries now peddles more than 17% of detergent. (7)In America and Europe, the world’s biggest consumer markets, many firms have been similarly leaden-footed. If a shopper wants a basic product, he can choose from cheap, store-brand goods from the likes of Aldi and Wabnart. But if a customer wants to pay more for a product, it may not be for a traditional big brand. This may be because shoppers trust little brands more than established ones. One-third of American consumers surveyed by Deloitte, a consultancy, said they would pay at least 10% more for the “craft” version of a good, a greater share than would pay extra for convenience or innovation. Interest in organic products has been a particular challenge for big manufacturers whose packages list such tasty-sounding ingredients as sodium benzoate and Yellow 6. (8)All this has provided a big opening for smaller firms. In recent years they contributed to a proliferation of new products. For instance, America now boasts more than 4,000 craft brewers, up by 200% in the past decade. For a sign of the times, look no further than Wilde, which sells snack bars made of baked meat. The bars, revolting to some, may appeal to the herd of weekend triathletes who want to eat like cave men. (9)Big companies have been trying to respond. One answer is to focus more. In 2014 Procter & Gamble said it would sell off or consolidate about 100 brands, to devote itself to top products such as Gillette razors and Tide detergent. Mondelez, the seller of Oreo biscuits and Cadbury’s chocolate, is spending more to understand who snacks on what, and why. (10)But the most notable strategy has been to buy other firms and cut costs. 3G, a Brazilian private-equity firm, looms over the industry. It has slashed budgets at Heinz, a 147-year-old company it bought in 2013: then Kraft, which it merged with Heinz in 2015: as well as Anheuser-Busch InBev, a beer behemoth poised to swallow SABMiller. Heinz’s profit margin widened from 18% to 28% in just two years, according to Sanford C. Bernstein. (11)Big firms are also acquiring or backing smaller rivals. In 2013 two American food companies and aFrench one—Campbell Soup, Hain Celestial and Danone—each snapped up a maker of organic baby food. Coca-Cola and Unilever, an Anglo-Dutch titan, have long bought companies outright or invested in them. Both General Mills and Campbell have launched their own venture-capital arms. (12)Such strategies may eventually make CPG firms even more like big pharmaceutical companies. They may invent few products themselves and instead either acquire small firms or join up with them, then handle marketing, distribution and regulation. That has worked decently well for drugmakers. Yet consumers are more fickle when buying skin cream than a patent-protected cancer drug. A CPG firm may pay a bundle to buy a startup, only to see its products prove a fad. And cutting costs expands margins, but may depress sales.(13)Despite such conundrums, executives remain bullish. Tim Cofer, Mondelez’s chief growth officer, maintains that wise cuts and reinvestment will position the firm well. “This is about the scale of a $ 30 billion global snacking powerhouse,”he declares, “and at the same time the speed, the agility, the dexterity”of a startup.(14)Others are gloomier. EY, a consultancy, recently surveyed CPG executives. Eight in ten doubted their company could adapt to customer demand. Kristina Rogers of EY posits that firms may need to rethink their business, not just trim costs and sign deals. “Is the billion-dollar brand,” she wonders, “still a robust model?”11．What does “They” refer to in the first sentence of Para. 1?A．Multi-national business corporations.B．Popular Food companies.C．Giant confectioners.D．Large CPG companies.正确答案：D解析：语义题。
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷146(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷146(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSIONPART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.(1)Being told I would be expected to talk here, I inquired what sort of talk I ought to make. They said it should be something suitable to youth—something didactic, instructive, or something in the nature of good advice. Very well. I have a few things in my mind which I have often longed to say for the instruction of the young: for it is in one’s tender early years that such things will best take root and be most enduring and most valuable. First, then, I will say to you my young friends—and I say it beseechingly, urgingly—(2)Always obey your parents, when they are present. This is the best policy in the long run, because if you don’t, they will make you. Most parents think they know better than you do, and you can generally make more by humoring that superstition than you can by acting on your own better judgment. (3)Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and sometimes to others. If a person offend you, and you are in doubt as to whether it was intentional or not, do not resort to extreme measures: simply watch your chance and hit him with a brick. That will be sufficient. If you shall find that he had not intended any offense, come out frankly and confess yourself in the wrong when you struck him: acknowledge it like a man and say you didn’t mean to. Yes, always avoid violence: in this age of charity and kindliness, the time has gone by for such things. Leave dynamite to the low and unrefined. (4)Go to bed early, get up early—this is wise. Some authorities say get up with the sun: some say get up with one thing, others with another. But a lark is really the best thing to get up with. It gives you a splendid reputation with everybody to know that you get up with the lark: and if you get the right kind of lark, and work at him right, you can easily train him to get up at half past nine, every time—it’s no trick at all. (5)Now as to the matter of lying, you want to be very careful about lying: otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can never again be in the eyes to the good and the pure, what you were before. Many a young person has injured himself permanently through a single clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness born of incomplete training. Some authorities hold that the young out not to lie at all. That of course, is putting it rather stronger than necessary: still while I cannot go quite so far as that, I do maintain, and I believe I am right, that the young ought to be temperate in the use of this great art until practice and experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision which alone can make the accomplishment graceful and profitable. Patience, diligence,painstaking attention to detail—these are requirements: these in time, will make the student perfect: upon these only, may he rely as the sure foundation for future eminence. Think what tedious years of study, thought, practice, experience, went to the equipment of that peerless old master who was able to impose upon the whole world the lofty and sounding maxim that “Truth is mighty and will prevail”—the most majestic compound fracture of fact which any of woman born has yet achieved. For the history of our race, and each individual’s experience, are sewn thick with evidences that a truth is not hard to kill, and that a lie well told is immortal. There is in Boston a monument of the man who discovered anesthesia: many people are aware, in these latter days, that that man didn’t discover it at all, but stole the discovery from another man. Is this truth mighty, and will it prevail? Ah no, my hearers, the monument is made of hardy material, but the he it tells will outlast it a million years. An awkward, feeble, leaky he is a thing which you ought to make it your unceasing study to avoid: such a lie as that has no more real permanence than an average truth. Why, you might as well tell the truth at once and be done with it. A feeble, stupid, preposterous lie will not live two years—except it be a slander upon somebody. It is indestructible, then of course, but that is no merit of yours. A final word: begin your practice of this gracious and beautiful art early—begin now. If I had begun earlier, I could have learned how. (6)There are many sorts of books: but good ones are the sort for the young to read. Remember that. They are a great, an inestimable, and unspeakable means of improvement. Therefore be careful in your selection, my young friends: be very careful: confine yourselves exclusively to Robertson’s Sermons, Baxter’s Saint’s Rest, The Innocents Abroad, and works of that kind. (7)But I have said enough. I hope you will treasure up the instructions which I have given you, and make them a guide to your feet and a light to your understanding. Build your character thoughtfully and painstakingly upon these precepts, and by and by, when you have got it built, you will be surprised and gratified to see how nicely and sharply it resembles everybody else’s.1．According to the author, the youth should try to follow parents’advice in that______.A．parents can make the best policiesB．the young should avoid conflictsC．parents’ advice is usually beneficialD．parents always have better judgment正确答案：C解析：细节题。
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSIONPART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Fair Fares Railways: Cheaper Tickets Will Not Solve Rail’s Problems Most of the time, parliamentary committee reports embody every foreign stereotype of the British—dry, reserved and slightly dull, with only the occasional flash of sarcasm to lighten the mood. Not so those of the transport committee. Its latest report, on rail fares, accuses the rail industry of “holding passengers to ransom “with “extravagant”fares and an “impenetrable jungle”of ticket types. Some of these criticisms are fair. Ticketing arrangements, especially for long distance journeys, are Byzantine: the National Fares Manual describes over 70 ticket types within its 102 pages. Stung by public criticism, several big train companies, including Virgin, GNER and First Great Western, promise to simplify things. The MPS are on shakier ground with their complaints They point to the amount of state money given out to the railways—￡4.4 billion this year, with ￡5.3 billion planned for next year—and argue that train firms should be forced to cut prices. Costly tickets, they claim, are “ pricing many passengers out of the market”. That is a tough argument to sustain at a time when more people than ever are using the railways. On some parts of the network, overcrowding, not under-use, is the biggest problem, with commuter routes into big cities such as London, Leeds and Manchester especially jammed. Fares on these routes are already capped. That’s unwise, says Stephen Glaister of Imperial College. “If there is traffic jams in the system, then the economically correct solution is higher prices,” he says. “Otherwise you just end up with shortages and queues.” Giving railway firms greater freedom to set their own prices would let them spread demand around peak times, cutting traffic jams. The only way to reduce traffic jams and prices together is to do things like lengthening platforms and upgrading signals,. which would mean more people could be carried in the busiest areas. That would require tough decisions. A big improvement to the railway network would be expensive, and the government has shown little enthusiasm for increasing subsidies still further. Extra cash could be found by closing little-used (and heavily subsidised) rural lines, but that would be unpopular with fans of rail transport, who argue that branch lines provide a vital service to the poor and the earless. The report occasionally hints at such dilemmas, only to shy away from discussing them in a satisfactory way. The transport committee plans a broader look at rail policy next year. Perhaps then it will do a more thorough job.1．Parliamentary committee reports are mentioned in the first paragraph to highlight______.A．typical characteristics of British peopleB．general features of government reportsC．the peculiarity of the transport committee’s reportsD．wrong opinions about the rail industry正确答案：C解析：本题考查写作目的。
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷108(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷108(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSIONPART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.(1)I went back to the Devon School not long ago, and found it looking oddly newer than when I was a student there fifteen years before. It seemed more tranquil than I remembered it, more perpendicular and strait-laced, with narrower windows and shinier woodwork, as though a coat of paint had been put over everything for better preservation. But, of course, fifteen years before there had been a war going on Perhaps the school wasn’t as well kept up in those days; perhaps paint along with everything else, had gone to war. (2)I didn’t entirely like this glossy new surface, because it made the school look like a museum, and that’s exactly what it was to me, and what I did not want it to be. In the deep, tacit way in which feeling becomes stronger than thought, I had always felt that the Devon School came into existence the day I entered it, was vibrantly real while I was a student there, and then blinked out like a candle the day I left. (3)Now here it was after all, preserved by some considerate hand with paint and wax. Preserved along with it, like stale air in an unopened room, was the well known fear which had surrounded and filled those days, so much of it that I hadn’t even known it was there. Because, unfamiliar with the absence of fear and what that was like, I had not been able to identify its presence.(4)Looking back now across fifteen years, I could see with great clarity the fear I had lived in, which must mean that in the interval I had succeeded in a very important undertaking: I must have made my escape from it. (5)I felt fear’s echo, and along with that I felt the unhinged, uncontrollable joy which had been its accompaniment and opposite face, joy which had broken out sometimes in those days like Northern Lights across black sky. (6)There were a couple of places now which I wanted to see. Both were fearful sites, and that was why I wanted to see them. So after lunch at the Devon Inn I walked back toward the school. It was a raw, nondescript time of year, toward the end of November, the kind of wet, self-pitying November day when every speck of dirt stands out clearly. Devon luckily had very little of such weather—the icy clamp of winter, or the radiant New Hampshire summers, were more characteristic of it—but this day it blew wet, moody gusts all around me. (7)I walked along Gilman Street, the best street in town. The houses were as handsome and as unusual as I remembered. Clever modernizations of old Colonial manses, extensions in Victorian wood, capacious Greek Revival temples lined the street, as impressive and just as forbidding as ever. I had rarely seen anyone go into one of them, or anyoneplaying on a lawn, or even an open window. Today with their failing ivy and stripped, moaning trees the houses looked both more elegant and more lifeless than ever.(8)Like all old, good schools, Devon did not stand isolated behind walls and gates but emerged naturally from the town which had produced it. So there was no sudden moment of encounter as I approached it; the houses along Gilman Street began to look more defensive, which meant that I was near the school, and then more exhausted, which meant that I was in it. (9)It was early afternoon and the grounds and buildings were deserted, since everyone was at sports. There was nothing to distract me as I made my way across a wide yard, called the Far Commons, and up to a building as red brick and balanced as the other major buildings, but with a large dome and a bell and a clock and Latin over the doorway—the First Academy Building.(10)In through swinging doors I reached a marble foyer, and stopped at the foot of a long white marble flight of stairs. Although they were old stairs, the worn moons in the middle of each step were not very deep. The marble must be unusually hard. That seemed very likely, only too likely, although with all my thought about these stairs this exceptional hardness had not occurred to me. It was surprising that I had overlooked that, that crucial fact. (11)There was nothing else to notice; they of course were the same stairs I had walked up and down at least once every day of my Devon life. They were the same as ever. And I? Well, I naturally felt older—I began at that point the emotional examination to note how far my convalescence had gone—I was taller, bigger generally in relation to these stairs. I had more money and success and “security” than in the days when specters seemed to go up and down them with me. (12)I turned away and went back outside. The Far Common was still empty, and I walked alone down the wide gravel paths among those most Republican, bankerish of trees, New England elms, toward the far side of the school.(13)Devon is sometimes considered the most beautiful school in New England, and even on this dismal afternoon its power was asserted. It is the beauty of small areas of order—a large yard, a group of trees, three similar dormitories, a circle of old houses —living together in contentious harmony. You felt that an argument might begin again any time; in fact it had: out of the Dean’s Residence, a pure and authentic Colonial house, there now sprouted an ell with a big bare picture window. Some day the Dean would probably live entirely encased in a house of glass and be happy as a sandpiper. Everything at Devon slowly changed and slowly harmonized with what had gone before. So it was logical to hope that since the buildings and the Deans and the curriculum could achieve this, I could achieve, perhaps unknowingly already had achieved, this growth and harmony myself.1．Which of the following best describes the atmosphere of the Devon school when the author went back?A．Quiet.B．Forbidding.C．Fearful.D．Vibrant.正确答案：A解析：第1段第2句指出，此时的校园比当年还要寂静，原文中的tranquil 对应A(quiet)，所以本题应该选A。
专业英语八级(阅读)模拟试卷80(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷80(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSIONPART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.(1)One school night this month I sidled up to Alexander, my 15-year-old son, and stroked his cheek in a manner I hoped would seem casual. Alex knew better, sensing by my touch, which lingered just a moment too long, that I was sneaking a touch of the stubble that had begun to sprout near his ears. A year ago he would have ignored this intrusion and returned my gesture with a squeeze. But now he recoiled, retreating stormily to his computer screen. That, and a peevish roll of his eyes, told me more forcefully than words, Mom, you are so busted! (2)I had committed the ultimate folly: invading my teenager’s personal space. “The average teenager has pretty strong feelings about his privacy,” Lara Fox, a recent young acquaintance, told me with an assurance that brooked no debate. Her friend Hilary Frankel chimed in: “What Alex is saying is: “This is my body changing. It’s not yours.’”Intruding, however discreetly, risked making him feel babied “at a time when feeling like an adult is very important to him,” she added. (3)O.K., score one for the two of you. These young women, after all, are experts. Ms. Frankel and Ms. Fox, both 17, are the authors of Breaking the Code(New American Library), a new book that seeks to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents. It is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers for their parents, a kind of Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus that demystifies the language and actions of teenagers. The girls tackled issues including curfews, money, school pressures, smoking and sibling rivalry. (4)Personally, I welcomed insights into teenagers from any qualified experts, and that included the authors. The most common missteps in interacting with teenagers, they instructed me, stem from the turf war between parents asserting their right to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers zealously guarding their privacy. When a child is younger, they write, every decision revolves around the parents. But now, as Ms. Fox told me, “often your teenager is in this bubble that doesn’t include you.”(5)Ms. Fox and Ms. Frankel acknowledge that they and their peers can be quick to interpret their parents’ remarks as dismissive or condescending and respond with hostility that masks their vulnerability. “What we want above all is your approval,” they write. “Don’t forget, no matter how much we act as if we don’t care what you say, we believe the things you say about us.”(6)Nancy Samalin, a New York child-rearing expert and the author of Loving Without Spoiling(McGraw-Hill, 2003), said she didn’t agree witheverything the authors suggested but found their arguments reasonable. “When your kids are saying, ‘You don’t get it, and you never will,’there are lots of ways to respond so that they will listen,”she said, “and that’s what the writers point out.”(7)As for my teenager, Alex, Ms. Fox and Ms. Frankel told me I would have done better to back off or to have asked “Is your skin feeling rougher these days?”(8)A more successful approach, the authors suggest in their book, would have been for the mother to offer, as Ms. Fox’s own parents did, a later curfew once a month, along with an explanation of her concerns. “My parents helped me see,” Ms. Fox told me, “mat even though they used to stay out late and ride their bicycles to school, times have changed. These days there is a major fear factor in bringing up kids. Parents worry about their child crossing me street.”(9)The writers said they hoped simply to shed light on teenage thinking. For their parents it did. Reminded by Ms. Fox that teenagers can be quite territorial, her father, Steven Fox, a dentist, said, “These days I’m better about knocking on the door when I want to come into Lara’s room.”“I try to talk to her in a more respectful way, more as an adultish type of teenager rather than a childish type of teenager,” he added.1．The book Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus is mentioned in the third paragraph because ______.A．it has the same theme of the book written by the two girlsB．it has the opposite opinion to the book written by the two girlsC．it has ranked first on the list of best sellers for several timesD．it is another book that the two girls have ever written正确答案：A解析：第3段倒数第2句指出，这两位少女作家写的书类似《孩子来自火星，父母来自金星》这类书，剖析了青少年的言行举止，因此选A。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析一ThemajoritPofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselPfollowtheclassicalr ationalmodeloffirstclarifPinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingopti ons,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlPthentaking actiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirdaP-bP-daPtacticalmaneuv ers,thesesenioreGecutivesrelPonwhatisvaguelPtermedintuitiontomanage anetworkofinterrelatedproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguitP,in consistencP,noveltP,andsurprise；andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticing managersrelPheavilPonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplaPap oorgraspofwhatintuitionis.SomeseeitastheoppositeofrationalitP;othersvi ewitasaneGcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersreve alsthatmanagers'intuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintu itioninatleastfivedistinctwaPs.First,thePintuitivelPsensewhenaproblemeG ists.Second,managersrelPonintuitiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatt ernsrapidlP.ThisintuitionisnotarbitrarPorirrational,butisbasedonPearsofpa instakingpracticeandhands-oneGperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctiono fintuitionistosPnthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpi cture,ofteninanAha！eGperience.Fourth,somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalPsis.MostsenioreGecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisi onanalPsismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsPstematicmethodsforr eachingdecisionsareoccasionallPleerPofsolutionssuggestedbPthesemeth odswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofaction.FinallP,man agerscanuseintuitiontobPpassin-depthanalPsisandmoverapidlPtoengen edinthiswaP,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneousco gnitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.OneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestPleofeGecutivemanagementisthatt hinkingisinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknowwhatisrightbef orethePcananalPzeandeGplainit,thePfrequentlPactfirstandeGplainlater.A nalPsisisineGtricablPtiedtoactioninthinking/actingcPcles,inwhichmanage rsdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbPanalPzin gaproblematicsituationandthenacting,butbPactingandanalPzinginclosec oncert.GiventhegreatuncertaintPofmanPofthemanagementissuesthatthePface,s eniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplPtolearnmoreaboutan issue.ThePthenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunder standingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingcPclesisthatactionis oftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.1.AccordingtotheteGt,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwa PsEGCEPTto[A]Speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.[B]IdentifPaproblem.[C]Bringtogetherdisparatefacts.[D]Stipulatecleargoals.2.TheteGtsuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagement mentionedinline1,paragraph2？[A]ThePhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodel ofdecisionanalPsis.[B]ThePhavenotbasedtheiranalPsesonasufficientlPlargesampleofactualm anagers.[C]ThePhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssaPrathert hanonwhatmanagersdo.[D]ThePhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusiness decisions.3.ItcanbeinferredfromtheteGtthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobab lPbeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerG,whousesintuitiont oreachdecisions,andManagerP,whousesonlPformaldecisionanalPsis？[A]ManagerGanalPzesfirstandthenacts；ManagerPdoesnot.[B]ManagerGcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembPsPstematicanalPsis；ManagerPdoesnot.[C]ManagerGtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem；ManagerPdoesnot.[D]ManagerPdrawsonPearsofhands-oneGperienceincreatingasolutionto aproblem；ManagerGdoesnot.4.TheteGtprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements？[A]ManagerswhorelPonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelPonf ormaldecisionanalPsis.[B]ManagerscannotjustifPtheirintuitivedecisions.[C]Managers''intuitionworkscontrarPtotheirrationalandanalPticalskills.[D]IntuitionenablesmanagerstoemploPtheirpracticaleGperiencemoreeffi cientlP.5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph oftheteGt？[A]AnassertionismadeandaspecificsupportingeGampleisgiven.[B]Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.[C]Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.[D]Twoopposingpointsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.答案与考点解析1.「答案」D「考点解析」这是一道归纳推导题。
本题题干中的seniormanagers暗示本题的答案信息在第三段,因为第三段首句包含题干中的seniormanagers。
通过仔细阅读和理解本段中所谈到的五点,我们可推导出本题的正确选项是选项D.本题选项A、B、C所涉及的内容分别在本段的第五点、第一点和第三点提到。