2019高考英语北京卷语法填空精细解析

黑龙江绥化一中高云峰

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 （face）challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 （I）the two simple words “Be yourself”.

Earth Day， 4 （mark）on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 （activity）on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.

Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question 7 （suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go. The students benefiting most from college are those 9 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full a dvantage of the college’s chances and resources（资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 10 （meaning）college experience.

【第1题】动词处理题

解题逻辑思路：动词处理题首分大方向（谓与非谓之分）。voice（表达）是本句中唯一动词，那么它就是谓语动词。谓语动词的处理要全覆盖考虑4件事（简称谓4项）——时态、语态、主谓一致及动宾关系。根据前一句的时间提示可知该动作是一个过去的动作，记述过去动作应该使用一般过去时，主动语态，答

案为voiced。

【第2题】动词处理题

解题逻辑思路：动词处理题首分大方向（谓与非谓之分）。分析句子结构可见整个句子由两部分组成，由逗号隔开，但是之间没有连词，第二部分是句子结构，所以依此判断推出第一部分中的动词为非谓语动词，作时间状语。非谓语动词作状语的基本规律是：目的/未来是to do；主动doing被动done。所以答案为facing。

【第3题】代词处理题

解题逻辑思路：给定代词填空题，根据语言结构填入4格之一即可——主/宾/所/反。该句所填代词作介词to的宾语，又反指主语“我”本身，所以必须填入其反身格形式myself。

【第4题】动词处理题

解题逻辑思路：动词处理题首分大方向（谓与非谓之分）。分析全句结构可见：is是谓语动词，动词mark （纪念；庆祝）与谓语动词is之间无连词，推出它不可能是谓语，即为非谓语动词。具体的看，mark短语作Earth Day的非限制性定语。非谓语动词作定语的基本规律是：目的未来是to do；主动doing被动done。显而易见Earth Day与mark（纪念，庆祝）之间是被动关系，所以答案必须是marked。

【第5题】介词填入题

解题逻辑思路：时间名词前填入介词构成介词短语作时间状语，介词的选择取决于时间名词。年份前通常加介词in。本题是该语法填空中最简单试题。

【第6题】名词处理题

解题逻辑思路：名词处理题只需处理两件事——单复数/泛特指。根据语言环境，所填名词activity（活动）为可数名词，其前有various（各种）修饰，所以应该使用其复数形式activities。

【第7题】动词处理题

解题逻辑思路：动词处理题首分大方向（谓与非谓之分）。分析该句子的结构可见that-从句为宾语从句，

前面的动词为主句中唯一动词，为主句谓语动词。谓语动词的处理要全覆盖考虑4件事（简称谓4项）——时态、语态、主谓一致及动宾关系。根据三邻句的语言环境，可知suggest（表明）动作存在的时间依然指现在，所以应该使用一般现在时，再结合主谓一致的考虑，标准答案为suggests。注意此题不可以用一般过去时，因为一般过去时专指过去时段的事件说明，与现在无关！

【第8题】连词填入题

解题逻辑思路：填入的连词由它的意思和逻辑关系决定。What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.全句意思是：学生们在大学里怎么做似乎要比他们选择去什么地方（大学）重要得多。可见填入的连词意思是“什么地方”，故答案为填入连词where。

【第9题】句子关系题→定语从句题

整句意思是：“在大学里受益最大的学生是那些全心投入于学术活动,充分利用大学提供的机会和资源的人。”分析该句子的语义逻辑和结构可见，整个句子由两个分句组成：①The students benefiting most from college are those；②…are totally engaged（参与）in academic life , taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources（资源). 所以按英语的语法规律必用一个连接词；同时明显可见，第二个分句的作用是限定说明第一个句子中的代词those（那些人）的，所以第二分句为它的定语从句。定语从句缺主语，表示人，所以填入一个关系代词who。注意不要填入关系代词that，习惯上先行词是those 的时候不用that。

【第10题】词性转换题（名-形转换）

所给的词meaning为名词，意思是“意义”，在句中有并列连词and并列连接了healthy和所填词共同作定语修饰后面的名词college experience，因此需要填入其形容词形式meaningful。

【全题小结】北京高考英语语法填空试题和全国卷（三套）一样均以考查动词运用为主，保持在4个（2个谓语动词题1/7+2个非谓语动词2/4），今年的第1、2、4、7题都是动词处理题，占语法填空全题比重为40%。此外今年的语法考点还有以往高考试题中高频多见的其它考点：代词处理题第3题；介词填入题

第5题；名词处理题第6题；连词填入第8题；定语从句题第9题；词性转换题（名-形转换）第10题。

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[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016· (be) often acceptable. [剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。 (二)词性转换类词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其解题步骤为：全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony [典例1][2016· in London. [剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016· real sense of __62__ (achieve)． [剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! [剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。 2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river. [剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处应用复数形式changes。 3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根

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2014-2019年高考英语语法填空真题及答案

2014-2019高考语法填空真题 1. (2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ___61___(be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).” 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ___62___(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

2019高考英语高频词汇(带音标)

2019高考英语高频单词 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更['I?:lt?(r)] 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂[b?:st] 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) [d ?' sp??z] 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉[blɑ:st] 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽[k?n'sju:m] 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的[spl?t] 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出[sp?l] 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片[sla?d] 11.bacteria n. 细菌[b?k' t??ri?] 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排['b?d??t] 14.candidate n. 候选人['k?nd?d?t] 15.campus n. 校园['k?mp?s] 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的['l?b ?r?l] 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换[tr?ns'f ?:m] 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递[tr?ns'm?t] 19.transplant v. 移植[tr?ns'plɑ:nt] 20.transport vt. 运输, n. 运输,运输工具['tr?nsp?:t] 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见['v?n??] 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子['swɑ:lo ?] 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心[s?'sp??n] 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的[s?'sp???s] https://www.360docs.net/doc/3e18922305.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的[ma ?ld] 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的['tend?(r)] 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）['nju:sns] 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的[I?ns?g'n?f?k?nt] 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进[?k'sel?re?t] 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的['?bs?lu:t] 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界['ba?ndri] 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车）[bre?k] 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目['k?t?l ?:g] 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的[ve?g] 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费[ve?n] 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的[?k' st??kt] 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的[?k' str?:dnri] 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分[?k' stri:m] 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因[' e?d??nt] 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精[' ?lk?h ?l] 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求[?' pi:l] 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏[?' pri:?ie?t] 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准[?' pru:v] 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励[I'st?mjule?t] 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到[?' kwa??(r)] 48.accomplish vt .完成,到达；实行[?' k?mpl??] https://www.360docs.net/doc/3e18922305.html,work n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络['netw?:k] 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流[ta?d] 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的[' ta?di] 52.trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹[tre?s] 53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨['t?:t??(r)] 54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛['w?nd?(r)]

2014-2019年高考英语语法填空真题及答案

2014-2019 高考语法填空真题 1.(2019 全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88° , there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000- 25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating( 聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion( 错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____________________________________________________________ 70 ____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2.(2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “ Woman Of The Year ”__ f_o6r 1___(be) Britain 's oldest- tfiumlle employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield , ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire 's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “ Lifetime Achievement , p”rou adw Iarerdne ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said , “ I don ' t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to. ” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business —said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It 70 '(wso nder). ”

【整理+答案在文件尾】2017-2019全国卷高考真题专项练---语法填空题(元宵)

2017—2019年高考全国卷【语法填空】专题练习语法填空专题练习（13）2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分词数：180 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 61______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62______ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63______ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64______ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65______ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66______ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67______ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68______ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69______ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70______ is not good for the health. 61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________ 66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________ 语法填空专题练习（14） 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分词数：180 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ___66__(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.