高考英语 阅读理解主旨大意题专项突破
高考英语冲刺阅读理解的主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语冲刺阅读理解的主旨大意题解题技巧在高考英语中，阅读理解占据着相当重要的地位，而其中的主旨大意题更是考查考生综合理解和把握文章核心内容的关键题型。
对于即将参加高考的同学们来说，掌握有效的解题技巧来应对主旨大意题，是提高阅读理解分数的重要途径。
一、了解主旨大意题的常见提问方式首先，我们要熟悉主旨大意题常见的提问形式。
比如：“What is the main idea of the passage?” 、“The passage is mainly about” 、“Which ofthe following best expresses the main idea of the passage?” 等等。
通过对这些常见提问方式的了解，我们能够在阅读文章时更有针对性地去寻找主旨。
二、阅读文章时要抓关键1、关注文章的开头和结尾很多文章在开头就会点明主题，或者在结尾处进行总结概括。
所以，在阅读时要特别留意开头和结尾的段落，这往往是揭示主旨的关键所在。
2、留意段落的主题句通常，每个段落都会有一个主题句，它能够概括该段落的主要内容。
主题句可能出现在段首、段中或段尾。
如果能够准确找到段落的主题句，对于理解整篇文章的主旨会有很大帮助。
3、注意文中的转折词和总结词像“but”、“however”等转折词，以及“therefore”、“thus”等总结词后面的内容，往往包含着重要的信息，可能会指向文章的主旨。
三、排除干扰选项1、以偏概全的选项这类选项往往只涉及文章的某一部分内容，而不能涵盖整篇文章的主旨。
2、过于具体的细节选项虽然是文章中提到的内容，但只是具体的细节，不能代表文章的整体大意。
3、与文章内容无关的选项有些选项可能与文章的主题毫无关联，很容易被排除。
4、主观臆断的选项这类选项是根据自己的想法推测出来的，而非基于文章的内容。
四、归纳总结文章主旨在理解了文章的大致内容，并排除了干扰选项后，我们需要对文章的主旨进行归纳总结。
新高考适用2023版高考英语二轮总复习第1部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第4讲主旨大意题
第一部分专题一第4讲A(2022·山东省泰安市高三一模)Imagine that one day you live in a highly immersive (身临其境) virtual world.You can go to a virtual concert, take a trip online, view or create artworks and try on or buy digital clothing.Amid a pandemic like COVID-19, instead of seeing teachers and classmates on a video call screen, you could join them in a virtual classroom.This may help you understand the concept, metaverse.The term metaverse refers to a shared virtual 3D world in which people can access via the Internet.Currently, most virtual spaces look more like the inside of a video game than real life.However, metaverseʼs made the digital spaces more realistic by the use of virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR, 增强现实).Metaverse was first used in Neal Stephensonʼs novel SnowCrash in 1992.The novel is about Hiro, a pizza delivery man by day and a VR superhero by night who lives in an online universe called The Metaverse.“He is in a computer-generated universe that his computer is drawing onto his glasses and pulling into his earphones，” the novel says of the city that everyone pops into in VR.The idea rings in many other works, for example, in ReadyPlayerOne directed by Steven Spielberg.In recent years, metaverse has become the latest popular word to capture the tech industryʼs imagination so much that one of the best-known Internet platforms is renamed to embrace the futuristic idea—Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg recently announced that he changed his companyʼs name to Meta.Tech companies are also dedicated to exploring metaverse-related products.Facebook has launched meeting software for companies, called Horizon Workrooms, to use with VR headsets.The headsets cost $300 or more, putting the metaverseʼs most cutting-edge (尖端的) experiences out of reach for many.For users who can afford it, they can enter the virtual worlds created by different companies.Fans of metaverse see it as the next stage in the development of the Internet.So, do you expect the coming of metaverse?1．What can be inferred about metaverse？________A．It is a video game like real life.B．It is a parallel universe imagined by scientists.C．It gives us a real life in a virtual world.D．It can protect yourself from a pandemic.2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？________A．The fiction SnowCrash.B．The origin of metaverse.C．A VR superhero.D．The film ReadyPlayerOne.3．Why did Facebook CEO use Meta as his companyʼs name？________A.Metaverse has become more popular.B．He lives in a virtual world every day.C．Facebook is the best-known Internet platform.D．He has accepted the idea of metaverse.4．What can we know from the text about VR headsets？________A．They are very cheap for most of us.B．Their users can experience a virtual world.C．Horizon Workroom donʼt need them at all.D．They will bring us into the final stage of the Internet.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是虚拟空间(metaverse)、其产生的由来及运用。
突破高考英语四选一阅读之主旨大意题讲义-高考英语二轮复习
突破高考英语四选一阅读之主旨大意题主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类题目不仅考查考生速读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
该题型主要包括标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。
一、标题归纳题【热点考向一】标题归纳题——高度概括定标题)【典例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读B)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low－income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles.Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores.“The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，”she says.“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful.”Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new.Urban Sprouts’ classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands－on experiments such as soil testing，flower－and－seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，and work in the garden.Several times a year，students cook the vegetables they grow，and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. ...She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition.Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetablegardens.Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues.“They get outside，”she says，“and they feel successful.”27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Rescuing School GardensB.Experiencing Country LifeC.Growing Vegetable LoversD.Changing Local Landscape自主解答：________【图解技巧】1.运用4种方法解题2.结合3大特点解题3.排除3种错误选项【实战应用】根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts...and healthy lifestyles.”和最后一段的“Some students get so interestedin gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。
03 阅读专项之主旨大意题-2024高考英语重点题型
wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded
a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing
portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social
influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women
主题句通常在首段
记人
主题句通常在末段
记事
主题句通常在首段或末段
主题句通常在首段或根据小标题来判断
议论文
主题句通常在首段或末段
文章大意题之学以致用
B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转 )and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
高考英语 阅读理解主旨大意题专项突破
阅读理解突破(一)——主旨大意题1．主旨大意题的设题方式(1)What is the passage mainly about?(2)What is the main problem being discussed in the passage?(3)What is the main idea of this passage?(4)The passage is mainly about________.(5)Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?(6)The main idea of the passage is________.(7)Which of the following statements best summarizes the author’s main point?(8)This paragraph centers/focuses on________.(9)This passage is chiefly concerned with________.(10)The author’s p urpose in writing this passage is________.(11)What is the best title for the passage?2．解题策略——如何寻找主题句(1)读首句抓大意。
说明文、议论文等文章的主题句多放在文章开头,抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的中心,因此要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
(2)读尾句抓大意。
有时文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾,作为全篇的总结。
(3)读首尾抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句,这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用的两次点题的写作方法。
通常前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复,后面点题是进一步的总结,是引申,是发展。
(4)从段落中抓大意。
2022届高考英语阅读理解专题突破之主旨大意课件
尾 (结论或总结)
段 (分总分式)主题句有时在段中(前面 中 的话是为引出主题)
无 主 虽无主题句，但可以通过一些关键 题 词或相似结构归纳出主题 句
范例1 (2020全国卷ⅠD)
真题再现
The connection between people and plants has long
been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies
决定。议论文主要是论述作者的某个 观点,往往采用“总—分—总”的模式,即 第一段提出论点,然后是论据部分,最后 一段得出结论(论点的重申),所以主题 句常在第一段或最后一段;
说明文则是说明一个事物的用途或 制作过程,主题句一般在首段; 有时也 在尾段；
而新闻报道却是报道一个人物事 迹或重大事件等,主题句常出现在首段 首句;
记叙文一般没有明显的主题句, 需 要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括 文章大意, 但是如果文章末段出现说 理性的句子,则这个句子很可能为主题 句。
真题再现 （范例6 2020天津）For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器).
2025届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题解题策略及真题练习+课件
标 题
归
段落大意题 纳
文章大意题
题
主旨大意题(段落大意、文章大意、标题归纳) 旨在考查考生对段落大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力 1.段落大意题 ① What does the author tell us in paragraph...? ② Which of the following can best summarize para....? ③ What is the...paragraph mainly about? 2.文章大意题 ① What’s the main idea/point of the passage? ② Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? ③ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage? 3.标题归纳题 ① Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ② What would be the best title for the passage?
...“I was deeply attracted by the techniques. You can see why this bowl is so highly-valued from the very smooth porcelain body, silky glaze(上 釉 )and special blue coloring, which were never reproduced in later dynasties,” McAteer, an auction specialist, said...
广东高考英语阅读理解考点突破----主旨大意
disease and eat crops. Much of the hunger we have today is caused by rats. They eat half of the grain harvested in the world.
主题句呈现的形式
主题句出现在文章或段落开头 时，先提出主题, 随之用细节 来解释, 支撑或发展主题句所 表达的主题思想. 最常见的演 绎法写作方式。
主题句出现在文章或段落 结尾时， 在表述细节后,归 纳要点, 印象, 结论建议或 结果, 以概括主题. 这是英 语中最常见的归纳法写作 方式。
Sample 2
topic sentence ？
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates（旱冰鞋）. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin’s grand entrance for a long time!
Passage Sample 4A English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the world's radio programs are in English. The topic sentence is the
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阅读理解突破(一)——主旨大意题1．主旨大意题的设题方式(1)What is the passage mainly about?(2)What is the main problem being discussed in the passage?(3)What is the main idea of this passage?(4)The passage is mainly about________.(5)Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?(6)The main idea of the passage is________.(7)Which of the following statements best summarizes the author’s main point?(8)This paragraph centers/focuses on________.(9)This passage is chiefly concerned with________.(10)The author’s p urpose in writing this passage is________.(11)What is the best title for the passage?2．解题策略——如何寻找主题句(1)读首句抓大意。
说明文、议论文等文章的主题句多放在文章开头,抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的中心,因此要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。
(2)读尾句抓大意。
有时文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾,作为全篇的总结。
(3)读首尾抓大意。
有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句,这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用的两次点题的写作方法。
通常前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复,后面点题是进一步的总结,是引申,是发展。
(4)从段落中抓大意。
有些文章或段落的主题句居中,这种文章或段落往往以一句或几句话引出要表达的主题,在主题句出现以后,再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。
(5)归纳分析抓大意。
有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,但字里行间无不体现主题。
这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括总结主旨大意。
1A couple of years ago,before a trip to China,Nicole Davis andher US women’s volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence(显著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country.“I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just tryingto put my luggage on the bus,”said Davis.Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Langmade it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early1980s.She was a key player on China’s 1984 Olympic gold medal winningteam.When the US team arrived for the Olympics,Lang,48,who is from Beijing,had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans.Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym,at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag.“That really says it all,” Davis said.“They look at her as an icon(偶像)．I’m sure it’s hard for them to see her coaching another country,but they love her so dearly that her success is their success.”The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday,when China lost a matchto the US.“It’s a pity that China lost the match,but I’m still glad that Lang Ping’s team won,since she is the pride of China’s volleyball,” said Liu Chengli,a s p e c t a t o r.“W e a l s o c h e e r e d f o r Lang’s victory.”Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet.“It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team.It’s the same.” Lang said.Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players,said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg.“It’s such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China,”she said.“The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous.The whole event has been unbelievable.”1．What’s the passage mainly about?A．Staying professional.B．Cheering for the Iron Hammer.C．A match between China and the US.D．Lang Ping’s career as a coach.答案 B解析本篇文章无明显的主题句,但字里行间都在讲述我国著名排球运动员,现美国女排主教练郎平带队到中国参加奥运会并受到了人们的热烈欢迎,故应选B；而D项意为“郎平的教练生涯”,显然不合题意。
但多数学生误选此项,是由于只注意到了局部信息,犯了以偏赅全的错误,而没有真正理解文章主旨。
2．Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she ________.A．was afraid to be questioned about her strategyB．didn’t want to be paid much attention toC．disliked to be with her fansD．didn’t want to disturb public order答案 B解析推理判断题。
从文章第四段的内容可以推断出朗平希望不要太被关注。
3．What does the underlined word “unfurled” exactly mean?A．destroyed completelyB．tore into piecesC．spread out to the windD．rolled up答案 C解析词义猜测题。
由文章第五段和第六段可以知道,这里的中国球迷应该是“打开、展开”了一面美国国旗,所以选C项。
4．What does Lang Ping mean by saying “It doesn’t matter if we play China or any other team.”？A．American Volleyball Team will beat any team.B．Chinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams.C．She just tried to stay professional.D．The results of each match will be the same.答案 C解析推理判断题。
从文章内容可以知道,朗平认为不论是对阵中国队还是其他队,对她来说,这仅仅是一场比赛而已。
由此推断选C项。
5．What impressed the US team players most?A．The tolerance of Chinese people.B．The popularity of volleyball in China.C．Lang Ping’s coaching sk ills.D．The loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese.答案 B解析细节理解题。
从文章倒数第二段的内容可以知道,排球在中国非常受欢迎,所以选B项。
2(2009·北京,E)Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the naturalworld and,at its best,it makes little environmentalinfluence.But with increasing numbers of people wanting toescape into the wilderness,it is becoming more and moreimportant to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地) and leave nomark.Wild camping is not permitted in many places,particularly in crowded lowland B r i t a i n. Wherever you are,find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces,and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building.For example,it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland,but in England you must ask the landowner’s permission,except in national parks.Camping is about having relaxation,sleeping outdoors,experiencing bad weather,and making do without modern conveniences.A busy,fullyequipped campsite(野营地) seems to go against this,so seek out smaller,more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches.Better still,find a campsite with no road access：walking in makes a real adventure.Finding the right spot to ca mp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night’s sleep.Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment.Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot.When camping in woodland,avoid standing dead trees,which may fall on a windy night.Avoid animal runs and caves,and possible homes of biting insects.Make sure you have most protection on the windward side.If you make a fire,do so downwind of your shelter.Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world.Avoid damaging plants.A good campsite is found,not made—changing it should be unnecessary.1．You needn’t ask for permission when camping in ________.A．national parks in EnglandB．most parts of ScotlandC．crowded lowland BritainD．most parts of England答案 A解析细节理解题。