科特勒市场营销第十一章习题与答案
科特勒市场营销习题与答案
Chapter 7 Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy: Creating Value for Target Customers 1) When a company identifies the parts of the market it can serve best and most profitably, it is practicing ________.A) concentrated marketingB) mass marketingC) market targetingD) segmentingE) differentiationAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 191Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-12) What are the four steps, in order, to designing a customer-driven marketing strategy?A) market segmentation, differentiation, positioning, and targetingB) positioning, market segmentation, mass marketing, and targetingC) market segmentation, targeting, differentiation, and positioningD) market alignment, market segmentation, differentiation, and market positioningE) market recognition, market preference, market targeting, and market insistenceAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 191Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-13) Which type of segmentation centers on the use of the word when, such as when consumers get the idea to buy, when they actually make their purchase, or when they use the purchased item?A) behavioralB) psychographicC) occasionD) impulseE) emergencyAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 196Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-24) Markets can be segmented into groups of nonusers, ex-users, potential users, first-time users, and regular users of a product. This method of segmentation is called ________.A) user statusB) usage ratesC) benefitD) behaviorE) loyalty statusAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 197Objective: 7-25) Consumers can show their allegiance to brands, stores, or companies. Marketers can use this information to segment consumers by ________.A) user statusB) loyalty statusC) store typeD) brand preferenceE) usage rateAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 197Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-26) Consumer and business marketers use many of the same variables to segment markets. Business marketers use all of the following EXCEPT ________.A) operating characteristicsB) purchasing approachesC) situational factorsD) personal characteristicsE) brand personalitiesAnswer: EDiff: 3 Page Ref: 198Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-27) When the size, purchasing power, and profiles of a market segment can be determined, it possesses the requirement of being ________.A) measurableB) accessibleC) substantialD) actionableE) observableAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 200Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-28) When a business market segment is large or profitable enough to serve, it is termed ________.A) measurableB) accessibleC) substantialD) actionableE) differentiableAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 200Objective: 7-29) To evaluate the different market segments your company serves, you would look at all of these factors EXCEPT which one?A) segment sizeB) segment growthC) segment structural attractivenessD) company valuesE) company resourcesAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-310) Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons a segment would be less attractive to a company?A) strong competitorsB) substitute productsC) concentrated marketD) power of buyersE) power of suppliersAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-311) The 55-year-old baby boomers share common needs in music and performers. When a music company decides to serve this group, the group is called a(n) ________.A) market segmentB) target marketC) well-defined marketD) differentiated marketE) undifferentiated marketAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-312) When New Port Shipping uses segmented marketing, it targets several segments and designs separate offers for each one. This approach is called ________ marketing.A) undifferentiatedB) differentiatedC) targetD) individualE) nicheAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 202Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-313) Developing a strong position within several segments creates more total sales than ________ marketing across all segments.A) undifferentiatedB) differentiatedC) nicheD) targetE) individualAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 202Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-314) Using concentrated marketing, the marketer goes after a ________ share of ________.A) small。
市场营销学通论教材课后习题全部答案
第一章导论市场：某种产品的现实购买者与潜在购买者需求的总和市场营销：指以满足人类各种需要和欲望为目的，通过市场变潜在交换为现实交换的一系列活动和过程交换：是指通过提供某种东西作为回报，从别人那里取得所需物的行为交易：交易是交换活动的基本单元，是由双方之间的价值交换所构成的行为。
交易营销：与交易有关的市场营销活动，即交易营销。
关系营销：企业与其顾客、分销商、经销商、供应商乃至竞争者等相关组织或个人建立、保持并加强关系，通过互利交换及共同履行诺言，使有关各方实现各自的目的市场营销网络：是指企业及与之建立起牢固的互相信赖的商业关系的其他企业所构成的网络交易营销和关系营销之间的联系和区别分别是什么？1交易是交换活动的基本单元，与交易相关的营销活动构成了交易营销。
关系营销是指企业与其顾客、分销商、经销商、供应商等相关组织或个人建立、保持并加强关系，通过互利交往及共同履行诺言，市有关各方实现各自目的。
2两者之间的联系在于，交易营销只是关系营销这个大概念的一部分。
3关系营销与交易营销存在着一定的区别，交易营销，企业与顾客很难保持持久关系，关系营销，企业与顾客保持广泛密切的联系。
交易营销强调市场占有率，吸引潜在顾客取代不再购买的老顾客，关系营销强调顾客忠诚度，最终为企业带来一种独特的资产，即市场营销网络。
营销在企业中的地位有怎样的变化？带来了什么启示？最初，市场营销作为与其他部门同等重要的职能，处于平等地位；在需求不足的情况下，市场营销作为更重要的职能；之后市场营销作为核心职能；而一些热心于顾客服务的企业高层管理人员主顾客作为管理职能的核心；最后，达成共识，顾客作为管理职能的核心，而市场营销作为整合性职能。
市场营销与其他职能部门不同，他是连接市场需求与企业反应的桥梁、纽带，要想有效地满足顾客需要，就必须将市场营销至于企业的中心地位。
从宏观的角度看，营销的重要性体现在哪些方面？1、市场营销在不同行业的扩散；2、推动企业重视市场营销的主要因素：销售额下降、增长缓慢、购买行为的改变、竞争的加剧和营销成本的提高；3、市场营销职能在企业中地位的变迁。
市场营销答案
第一章导论一、交易营销和关系营销之间的联系和区别分别是什么？1交易是交换活动的基本单元，与交易相关的营销活动构成了交易营销。
关系营销是指企业与其顾客、分销商、经销商、供应商等相关组织或个人建立、保持并加强关系，通过互利交往及共同履行诺言，市有关各方实现各自目的。
2两者之间的联系在于，交易营销只是关系营销这个大概念的一部分。
3关系营销与交易营销存在着一定的区别，交易营销，企业与顾客很难保持持久关系，关系营销，企业与顾客保持广泛密切的联系。
交易营销强调市场占有率，吸引潜在顾客取代不再购买的老顾客，关系营销强调顾客忠诚度，最终为企业带来一种独特的资产，即市场营销网络。
二、营销在企业中的地位有怎样的变化？带来了什么启示？最初，市场营销作为与其他部门同等重要的职能，处于平等地位；在需求不足的情况下，市场营销作为更重要的职能；之后市场营销作为核心职能；而一些热心于顾客服务的企业高层管理人员主张顾客作为管理职能的核心；最后，达成共识，顾客作为管理职能的核心，而市场营销作为整合性职能。
市场营销与其他职能部门不同，他是连接市场需求与企业反应的桥梁、纽带，要想有效地满足顾客需要，就必须将市场营销至于企业的中心地位。
三、从宏观的角度看，营销的重要性体现在哪些方面？1、市场营销在不同行业的扩散；2、推动企业重视市场营销的主要因素：销售额下降、增长缓慢、购买行为的改变、竞争的加剧和营销成本的提高；3、市场营销职能在企业中地位的变迁。
第二章市场营销哲学的演变一、市场营销管理哲学的演变经历了哪几个阶段？生产观念，产品观念，推销观念，市场营销观念，客户观念，社会市场营销观念二、4p市场营销组合有哪些特点？4P：产品（produce）、价格（price）、渠道（place）、促销（promotion）（1）市场营销组合因素对企业来说都是“可控因素”。
（2）市场营销组合是一个复合结构。
（3）市场营销组合又是一个动态组合。
（4）市场营销组合要受企业市场定位战略的制约，即根据市场定位战略设计、安排相应的市场营销组合。
市场营销题库判断选择答案
判断题F.1、市场营销学研究问题的出发点是资源的稀缺性。
F.2、根据顾客让渡价值理论，顾客总价值与顾客总成本之间的差距越小，顾客越满意。
F.3、根据市场的构成要素，市场的大小取决于人口、收入和支出三方面的大小.F.4、若用冰山来描述营销与推销的关系，营销是就是露出海平面的部分T.5、根据营销学原理，商标是品牌的一部分T.6、撇脂定价法就是在产品上市初期将价格定的较高F.7、公关促销可以在短期内刺激顾客立即采取购买行为F.8、选择分销就是制造商在某地区精心挑选几家最合适的中间商来销售其产品F.9、企业的战略计划的第一步就是规定企业目标。
F.10、市场营销组合就是用什么样的方式做广告。
T.11、产品观念对企业提高产品质量有好处，但往往导致市场营销近视。
T.12市场营销管理的实质是需求管理。
T.13、在规定企业的任务是要考虑企业的历史和周围环境的发展变化。
T.14、市场营销组合的因素对企业来说都是“可控因素”。
T.15、在波士顿矩阵中，低市场增长率和低相对市场占有率的单位是狗类战略业务单位。
T.16、若用冰山来描述营销与推销的关系，推销是就是露出海平面的部分F.17、渗透定价法就是在产品上市初期将价格定的较高T.18、个人可支配收入是指个人收入扣除个人缴纳的各种税款和非税性负担后的余额。
T.19、求名心理所产生的动机属于感情动机。
T.20、与最强的竞争对手对着干的定位策略是迎头定位，T.21、推销观念认为，只要加大产品的推销力度，产品不会没销路。
F.22、在波士顿矩阵中，高市场增长率和低相对市场占有率的单位是狗类战略业务单位。
F.23、面对市场威胁企业只有转移才能发展。
F.24、如何选择目标市场，应根据企业的实际而定，如果企业的资源雄厚，可以考虑实行集中市场营销。
F.25、从生产者观点看，随着渠道层次的增多，控制渠道所需解决的问题会减少。
T.26、多角化增长就是企业利用经营业务范围之外的市场机会，增加与现有产品业务有一定联系或毫无联系的新业务，实现跨行业经营的一种发展战略。
市场营销学期末各章重点及历年经典答案
三、各章重难点归纳辅导第一章市场营销学的由来与市场观念演进一、重点名词市场营销P4二、重点掌握1、新旧两类营销观念的区别何在？P14第二章企业战略及营销管理过程一、重点名词多角化增长P24二、重点掌握1、企业市场营销管理过程有哪些步骤？P332、企业战略的含义和特点？P22第三章市场营销环境一、重点名词营销环境机会P50二、重点掌握1、企业对环境威胁的对策及相应做法？P58第四章购买行为研究一、重点名词相关群体P68二、重点掌握1、生产资料购买者行为的特征？P79第五章市场营销调研与需求预测一、重点名词市场需求P87二、重点掌握1、简述市场调研的程序P912、市场营销调研主要有哪些步骤? P103第六章市场竞争策略一、重点名词市场补缺者P115二、重点掌握1、什么是避强定位策略? P118其优缺点如何? P119第七章目标市场营销一、重点名词市场定位P129市场细分P130二、重点掌握1、有效市场细分的要求？P136第八章产品策略—产品、产品组合、品牌与包装一、重点名词商标P155第九章产品策略—产品生命周期与新产品开发一、重点掌握1、产品在成熟期的特点及营销策略主要有哪些？P1662、简述新产品开发过程的主要阶段P170第十章定价策略一、重点名词二、重点掌握1、速取定价策略和渐进定价策略各自适用于什么情况?2、企业定价的步骤有哪些？3、简述企业定价的目标有哪些？第十一章分销策略一、重点名词直销营销P196批发商业P207二、重点掌握1、分销渠道的特点和作用如何？P1972、简述直效营销的特征P1983、简述分销渠道的功能P1994、简述直效营销的主要影响因素P211第十二章网络营销一、重点名词网络营销P222市场信息P223二、重点掌握1、简述网络营销的职能P2292、简述网络营销的优势P230第十三章促销策略一、重点名词促销P240广告P247二、重点掌握1、什么是促销组合？P249影响企业促销组合决策的因素有哪些？P2502、影响促销组合的因素有哪些？P253第十四章市场营销的组织、实施与控制一、重点名词市场营销控制P274二、重点掌握1、市场营销计划一般包括哪几个方面？P277四、综合练习题（一）单项选择题1．一种观念认为：消费者可以接受任何买得到和买得起的产品，因而企业的主要任务就是努力提高效率、降低成本、扩大生产。
市场营销学试卷及答案详解十一
市场营销学试卷及答案详解（十一）一、填空题 ( 本大题共 10 小题，每空 1 分，共 16 分 )请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。
错填、不填均无分。
1．市场是某种产品的所有 _________ 和 _________ 所组成的群体。
2．企业市场营销活动的两个中心工作是通过寻找、评价市场机会来_________ 和科学地制定和实施 _________ 决策。
3．马斯洛“需求层次”理论中，最高层次的需要是 _________ 的需要，最低层次的需要是 _________ 需要。
4．在生产者市场，购买者对生产资料的需求是从消费者对 _________ 的需求中派生出来的。
5．市场细分就是根据消费者 _________ 将市场划分为两个或两个以上的子市场的工作过程。
6．从购买者的地理位置看生产者市场要比消费者市场更为 _________ 。
7．按消费品的购买特征可具体分为 _________ 、 _________ 和特殊消费品。
8． _________ 是在原有产品基础上，部分采用新材料、新技术而制成的性能有显著提高的新产品。
9．企业定价的三维环境一般包括生产要素的供应者、 _________ 、_________ 和 _________ 等四个要素。
10．渠道成员的管理策略主要是由 _________ 来制定的。
二、判断题 ( 本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分 )判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“√”，错的打“×”。
1．我国古代就有许多富有哲理的营销思想，因此，市场营销学应起源于中国。
( )2．认识需要是购买决策过程的第一阶段，即认识到某种尚未被满足的需要的存在。
( )3．收入水平不同，直接决定人们的消费结构和购买习惯与行为。
(( )．产品生命周期就是指产品的经济生命和自然生命的历程。
4．5．著名品牌商品比无品牌商品的价格弹性要大。
( )6．声望定价是利用消费者的求新心理而制定的价格策略。
科特勒《市场营销原理》(第13版)笔记和课后习题详解
目录第Ⅰ篇定义市场营销和市场营销过程 (5)第1章营销：创造和获取顾客价值 (5)1.1复习笔记 (5)1.2课后习题详解 (10)第2章公司战略与营销战略：合作建立客户关系 (17)2.1复习笔记 (17)2.2课后习题详解 (23)第Ⅱ篇理解市场和消费者 (30)第3章分析市场营销环境 (30)3.1复习笔记 (30)3.2课后习题详解 (33)第4章管理市场营销信息获得顾客洞察 (39)4.1复习笔记 (39)4.2课后习题详解 (45)第5章消费者市场与消费者购买行为 (49)5.1复习笔记 (49)5.2课后习题详解 (54)第6章组织市场与组织购买者行为 (61)6.1复习笔记 (61)6.2课后习题详解 (65)第Ⅲ篇设计顾客导向的营销战略与营销组合 (72)第7章顾客导向的市场营销战略：为目标顾客创造价值 (72)7.1复习笔记 (72)7.2课后习题详解 (78)第8章产品、服务和品牌：构建顾客价值 (85)8.1复习笔记 (85)8.2课后习题详解 (93)第9章新产品开发与产品生命周期战略 (101)9.1复习笔记 (101)9.2课后习题详解 (107)第10章定价：理解和获得消费者价值 (115)10.1复习笔记 (115)10.2课后习题详解 (119)第11章定价战略 (125)11.1复习笔记 (125)11.2课后习题详解 (130)第12章营销渠道：递送顾客价值 (137)12.1复习笔记 (137)12.2课后习题详解 (144)第13章零售与批发 (150)13.1复习笔记 (150)13.2课后习题详解 (154)第14章沟通顾客价值：整合营销沟通战略 (161)14.1复习笔记 (161)14.2课后习题详解 (166)第15章广告与公共关系 (173)15.1复习笔记 (173)15.2课后习题详解 (176)第16章人员销售和销售促进 (182)16.1复习笔记 (182)16.2课后习题详解 (188)第17章直复营销和网络营销：建立直接顾客关系 (194)17.1复习笔记 (194)17.2课后习题详解 (199)第Ⅳ篇拓展市场营销 (207)第18章创造竞争优势 (207)18.1复习笔记 (207)18.2课后习题详解 (212)第19章全球市场 (218)19.1复习笔记 (218)19.2课后习题详解 (224)第20章可持续的市场营销：社会责任和道德 (229)20.1复习笔记 (229)20.2课后习题详解 (234)第Ⅰ篇定义市场营销和市场营销过程第1章营销：创造和获取顾客价值1.1复习笔记一、什么是市场营销市场营销即管理有价值的客户关系。
科特勒市场营销习题与答案
Chapter 7 Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy: Creating Value for Target Customers 1) When a company identifies the parts of the market it can serve best and most profitably, it is practicing ________.A) concentrated marketingB) mass marketingC) market targetingD) segmentingE) differentiationAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 191Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-12) What are the four steps, in order, to designing a customer-driven marketing strategy?A) market segmentation, differentiation, positioning, and targetingB) positioning, market segmentation, mass marketing, and targetingC) market segmentation, targeting, differentiation, and positioningD) market alignment, market segmentation, differentiation, and market positioningE) market recognition, market preference, market targeting, and market insistenceAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 191Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-13) Which type of segmentation centers on the use of the word when, such as when consumers get the idea to buy, when they actually make their purchase, or when they use the purchased item?A) behavioralB) psychographicC) occasionD) impulseE) emergencyAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 196Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-24) Markets can be segmented into groups of nonusers, ex-users, potential users, first-time users, and regular users of a product. This method of segmentation is called ________.A) user statusB) usage ratesC) benefitD) behaviorE) loyalty statusAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 197Objective: 7-25) Consumers can show their allegiance to brands, stores, or companies. Marketers can use this information to segment consumers by ________.A) user statusB) loyalty statusC) store typeD) brand preferenceE) usage rateAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 197Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-26) Consumer and business marketers use many of the same variables to segment markets. Business marketers use all of the following EXCEPT ________.A) operating characteristicsB) purchasing approachesC) situational factorsD) personal characteristicsE) brand personalitiesAnswer: EDiff: 3 Page Ref: 198Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-27) When the size, purchasing power, and profiles of a market segment can be determined, it possesses the requirement of being ________.A) measurableB) accessibleC) substantialD) actionableE) observableAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 200Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-28) When a business market segment is large or profitable enough to serve, it is termed ________.A) measurableB) accessibleC) substantialD) actionableE) differentiableAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 200Objective: 7-29) To evaluate the different market segments your company serves, you would look at all of these factors EXCEPT which one?A) segment sizeB) segment growthC) segment structural attractivenessD) company valuesE) company resourcesAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-310) Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons a segment would be less attractive to a company?A) strong competitorsB) substitute productsC) concentrated marketD) power of buyersE) power of suppliersAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-311) The 55-year-old baby boomers share common needs in music and performers. When a music company decides to serve this group, the group is called a(n) ________.A) market segmentB) target marketC) well-defined marketD) differentiated marketE) undifferentiated marketAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-312) When New Port Shipping uses segmented marketing, it targets several segments and designs separate offers for each one. This approach is called ________ marketing.A) undifferentiatedB) differentiatedC) targetD) individualE) nicheAnswer: BSkill: ConceptObjective: 7-313) Developing a strong position within several segments creates more total sales than ________ marketing across all segments.A) undifferentiatedB) differentiatedC) nicheD) targetE) individualAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 202Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-314) Using concentrated marketing, the marketer goes after a ________ share of ________.A) small; a small marketB) small; a large marketC) large; one or a few nichesD) large; the mass marketE) moderate; localAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 204Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-315) Today, the low cost of setting up shop ________ makes it even more profitable to serve very small niches.A) in malls in major citiesB) in mail-order catalogsC) on the InternetD) near major competitorsE) far from competitorsAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 205AACSB: Use of ITSkill: ConceptObjective: 7-316) Which of the segmenting strategies carries higher-than-average risks in consumer markets?A) concentratedB) massC) differentiatedD) undifferentiatedE) multiple-segmentAnswer: ASkill: ConceptObjective: 7-317) Which of the following is NOT a drawback of local marketing?A) It can drive up manufacturing costs.B) It can drive up marketing costs by reducing economies of scale.C) It can create logistics problems.D) A brand's overall image might be diluted through too much variation.E) Supporting technologies are expensive.Answer: EDiff: 3 Page Ref: 206Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-318) In target marketing, the issue is not really who is targeted, but rather ________ and for ________.A) why; whatB) how; whatC) why; how longD) where; how longE) how; whereAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 209AACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ConceptObjective: 7-319) A product's position is based on important attributes as perceived by ________.A) suppliersB) competitorsC) market conditionsD) consumersE) managersAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 209Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-420) Consumers position products and services ________.A) after marketers put marketing mixes in placeB) generally after consulting friends who use themC) with or without the help of marketersD) only reluctantlyE) based on nearby competitors' positionsAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 209Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-421) Which of the listed choices is NOT a positioning task?A) identifying a set of possible competitive advantages upon which to build a positionB) surveying frequent users of the productC) selecting an overall positioning strategyD) effectively communicating and delivering the chosen position to the marketE) selecting the right competitive advantagesAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 210AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 7-422) A company or market offer can be differentiated along the lines of product, image, services, channels, or ________.A) pricesB) nonprice factorsC) peopleD) customer serviceE) locationAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 213Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-423) Which type of differentiation is used to gain competitive advantage through the way a firm designs its distribution coverage, expertise, and performance?A) services differentiationB) channel differentiationC) people differentiationD) product differentiationE) price differentiationAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 213Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-424) When firms use symbols, colors, or characters to convey their personalities, they are using ________ differentiation.A) imageB) peopleC) companyD) reputationE) subliminalAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 213AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 7-425) The answer to the customer's question "Why should I buy your brand?" is found in the________.A) quality imageB) customer servicesC) value propositionD) differentiationE) pricing and promotion structureAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 214Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-426) What competitive positioning can attack a more-for-more strategy by introducing a brand offering with comparable quality at a lower price?A) more-for-the-sameB) more-for-lessC) same-for-lessD) less-for-much-lessE) all-or-nothingAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 215Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-427) Which positioning strategy offers consumers a "good deal" by offering equivalent-quality products or services at a lower price?A) more-for-the-sameB) more-for-lessC) same-for-lessD) less-for-much-lessE) all-or-nothingAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 215Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-4281) "Less-for-much-less" positioning involves meeting consumers' ________.A) quality performance requirements at a lower priceB) lower quality requirements in exchange for a lower priceC) lower quality requirements at the lowest possible priceD) high quality requirements at a discounted rateE) high quality requirements at the lower possible priceAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 216Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-429) When Pacific Fisheries groups its customers as countries by regions such as Asia, Australia, or New Zealand, it is using which segmenting base?A) economic factorsB) political and legal factorsC) geographic locationD) benefits soughtE) demographicsAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 193AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ApplicationObjective: 7-230) When Burger King targets children, teens, adults, and seniors with different ads and media, it is practicing ________ segmentation.A) demographicB) age and life cycleC) psychographicD) behavioralE) generationalAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 194AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ApplicationObjective: 7-231) Your company wants to move away from mass marketing and engage in customer-driven marketing. The four steps to take, in order, are market segmentation, marketing positioning, differentiation, and targeting.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 191Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-1104) Demographic segmentation uses different marketing approaches for different time periods of people's lives and different family situations.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 194Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-232) There are many exceptions to the geographic segmentation assumption that consumers innations close to one another will have many common behaviors and traits.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 199AACSB: Multicultural and DiversitySkill: ConceptObjective: 7-233) Because there is such variation among the economies of countries around the world, it is not practical to segment international markets on the basis of economic factors.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 199AACSB: Multicultural and DiversitySkill: ConceptObjective: 7-234) In evaluating different market segments, a firm should look at three factors: segment size and growth, segment structural attractiveness, and company objectives and resources.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-335) At a recent marketing seminar, the featured speaker stated that a target market consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve. This is a correct definition.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 201Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-336) Mass marketing is becoming a marketing principle for the 21st century.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 207Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-337) Consumers position products in their minds in order to simplify the buying process. Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 209Skill: ConceptObjective: 7-438) Explain the four major steps in designing a customer-driven marketing strategy. Answer: The first step is market segmentation: dividing a market into smaller groups of buyers with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviors, who might require separate products or marketing mixes. The company identifies different ways to segment the market and develops profiles of the resulting market segments. The second step is market targeting: evaluating each market segment's attractiveness and selecting one or more of the market segments to enter. The third step is differentiation: actually differentiating the firm's market offering to create a superior customer value. Finally, the last step is market positioning: arranging for a market offering to occupy a clear, distinctive, and desirable place relative to competing products in the minds of consumers.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 191-192AACSB: Analytic SkillsSkill: ApplicationObjective: 7-1。
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Chapter 11 Pricing Strategies1) Companies facing the challenge of setting prices for the first time can choose between two broad strategies: market-penetration pricing and ________.A) market-level pricingB) market-competitive pricingC) market-skimming pricingD) market-price liningE) market-price fillingAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 312Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-12) Of the following, which statement would NOT support a market-skimming policyfor a new productA) The product's quality and image support its higher price.B) Enough buyers want the products at that price.C) Competitors are not able to undercut the high price.D) Competitors can enter the market easily.E) C and DAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 312Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-13) A firm is using ________ when it charges a high, premium price for a new productwith the intention of reducing the price in the future.A) price skimmingB) trial pricingC) value pricingD) market-penetration pricingE) prestige pricingAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 312Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-14) A marketer must be familiar with the five major product mix pricing situations. Which of the following is NOT one of themA) product line pricingB) optional-product pricingC) captive-product pricingD) unbundled product pricingE) by-product pricingAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 313Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-25) A challenge for management in product line pricing is to decide on the pricesteps between the ________.A) various products in a lineB) product mixesC) product groupingsD) product linesE) various target marketsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 313Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-26) HiPoint Telephone Company uses two-part pricing for its long-distance call charges. Because this is a service, the price is broken into a fixed rate plus a ________.A) fixed rate usageB) variable usage rateC) standard usage rateD) market usage rateE) none of the aboveAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 315Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-27) Which of the following is NOT a price adjustment strategyA) segmented pricingB) promotional pricingC) free samplesD) geographical pricingE) seasonal pricingAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 315Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-38) Service Industries, Inc., plans to offer a price-adjustment strategy in the near future. They could consider each of the following EXCEPT ________.A) discount and allowance pricingB) segmented pricingC) physiological pricingD) promotional pricingE) location pricingAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 315Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-39) A quantity discount is a price reduction to buyers who purchase ________.A) frequentlyB) large volumesC) close outsD) inferior merchandiseE) superior merchandiseAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-310) Quantity discounts provide an incentive to the customer to buy ________.A) more products or services from a variety of sellersB) less from another competitorC) more from one given seller, rather than from many different sourcesD) more than he or she needsE) bundled merchandiseAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-311) Which of the following conditions should exist for segmented pricing to be an effective strategyA) The market must be able to be segmented.B) The segments must show different degrees of demand.C) Competitors can't undersell in the segment being charged the higher price.D) All of the above.E) None of the above.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 317Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-312) Consumers usually perceive higher-priced products as ________.A) not within reach of most peopleB) having a higher qualityC) having high profit marginsD) popular brandsE) being in the introductory stage of the product life cycleAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 317Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-313) Michael and John both own leather jackets and are currently shopping for twonew o nes. They both have prices in mind and refer to them when s hopping. These prices are termed ________.A) psychological pricesB) reference pricesC) comparison pricesD) price pointsE) skimmed pricesAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 319Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-314) All of the following are typical ways a reference price might be formed in abuyer's mind EXCEPT ________.A) noting current pricesB) remembering past pricesC) assessing the buying situationD) comparing it to a new productE) influences from sellersAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 319Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-315) What type of pricing is being used when a company t emporarily prices it product below the list price or even below cost to create buying excitement and urgencyA) segmented pricingB) psychological pricingC) referent pricingD) promotional pricingE) dynamic pricingAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 320Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-316) Promotional pricing can have all of the following adverse effects EXCEPT________.A) creating deal-prone customersB) eroding the brand's value in the eyes of customersC) giving pricing secrets away to competitorsD) becoming addicting to both the customer and businessE) instigating industry price warsAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 320Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-317) Durango China Company charges all customers within a given geographical areaa single total price. The more distant the area, the higher the price. This is________.A) freight-absorption pricingB) zone pricingC) uniform-delivered pricingD) FOB-origin pricingE) bulk rate pricingAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 321Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-318) Which of the following is the opposite of FOB-origin pricingA) basing-point pricingB) freight-absorption pricingC) uniform-delivered pricingD) freight-absorption pricingE) zone pricingAnswer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 321Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-319) Freight-absorption pricing is used for ________ and ________.A) market penetration; higher profit marginsB) holding on to increasingly competitive markets; higher profit marginsC) market penetration; holding on to increasingly competitive marketsD) generating temporary higher profits; discouraging competitorsE) services; installationsAnswer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 321Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-320) When a company charges the same rate to ship a product anywhere in the United States, it is using which form of geographic pricingA) deliveredB) factoryC) originD) uniform deliveredE) basing-pointAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 321Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-321) When pricing internationally, most companies adjust their prices to reflect ________.A) local market conditionsB) cost considerationsC) local laws and regulationsD) exchange-rate fluctuationsE) all of the aboveAnswer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: 323AACSB: Multicultural and DiversitySkill: ConceptObjective: 11-322) Most companies that conduct international business ________ to ________.A) adjust their prices; take local market conditions into considerationB) use promotional pricing; create excitement in new marketsC) use geographical pricing; reduce delivery costsD) set a uniform price; maintain a consistent product imageE) initiate price cuts; compensate for import tariffs and taxesAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 323AACSB: Multicultural and DiversitySkill: ConceptObjective: 11-323) When a competitor cuts its price, a company i s most likely to decide to ________ if it believes it will not lose much market share or would lose too much profitby cutting its own price.A) reduce its production costsB) reduce its marketing costsC) maintain its current prices and profit marginD) increase its marketing budget to raise the perceived value of the productE) increase its production costs to improve the quality of the productAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 326Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-424) When faced with a competitor who has cut its product's price, which of thefollowing is typically the most efficient way for a company to maintain its ownprice but raise the perceived value of its offerA) improving the quality of the productB) introducing a higher-priced premium brandC) altering the company's marketing communicationsD) bundling the offer with add-onsE) distributing the product through less costly channelsAnswer: CSkill: ConceptObjective: 11-425) The Sherman, Clayton, and Robinson-Patman Acts are all federal laws that were enacted to curb the formation of ________.A) monopoliesB) oligopoliesC) competitive marketsD) international marketsE) limited partnershipsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 327AACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ConceptObjective: 11-426) When sellers set prices after talking to competitors and engaging in collusion, they are involved in ________.A) predatory pricingB) discriminatory pricingC) price-fixingD) skimming pricingE) penetration pricingAnswer: CAACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ConceptObjective: 11-427) Price discrimination is legal under which of the following conditionsA) when a manufacturer and reseller have agreed upon a specified retail price for a productB) when a manufacturer sells to retailers in different marketsC) when a seller can prove its costs are different when selling to differentretailersD) when a seller advertises prices that are not actually available to consumersE) when a seller has not communicated with competitors before announcing prices Answer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ConceptObjective: 11-428) Mark's Markers, a manufacturer of color markers, has required its dealers tocharge a specified retail price for its markers. Mark's is most likely guilty of________.A) price-fixingB) retail price maintenanceC) price discriminationD) price collusionE) unfair price skimmingAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ConceptObjective: 11-429) Pricing strategies tend to change and evolve as the average product passes through its life cycle.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 312Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-130) When using product bundle pricing, sellers combine several of their products and offer the bundle at an increased price for increased profit.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 315Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-232) A seasonal discount is a price reduction to buyers who buy merchandise or services while they are in season.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 316Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-333) Segmented pricing is known by other names; two of the most common are revenue management and yield management.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 317Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-334) The frequent use of promotional pricing can lead to industry price wars.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 320Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-335) The FOB-origin pricing strategy means that the goods sold are placed free onboard a carrier. At that point the title and responsibility pass to the customer, who pays the freight from the factory to the destination.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 321Skill: ConceptObjective: 11-336) When Redman's Variety raised their store prices 40 percent and then ran a 20percent off sale, Redman's was guilty of deceptive pricing.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 330AACSB: Ethical ReasoningSkill: ApplicationObjective: 11-437) Companies b ringing out a new p roduct can choose between two pricing strategies. What are they And please try to distinguish between the two (List the requirements for using these strategies).Answer: Market skimming is used to skim revenues layer by layer from the marketby entering the market with high initial prices. The product's quality and imagemust support its higher price, and enough buyers must want the product at that price. The costs of producing a smaller volume cannot be so high that they cancel theadvantage of charging more. Competitors should not be able to enter the marketeasily and undercut the high price. Market penetration is used to penetrate themarket quickly and deeply to attract a large number of buyers quickly and win alarge market share by setting a low price initially when it enters the market. The market must be highly price sensitive so that a low price produces more market growth. Production and distribution costs must fall as sales volume increases. Also, thelow price must help keep out competition and be maintained over time.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 312-313AACSB: Analytic SkillsSkill: ApplicationObjective: 11-1。