英语长难句分析100句
英语长难句分析在MBA联考英语试卷中，阅读理解和翻译共有60分，占到了全卷分数的半壁江山以上。
毫不夸张地说，把这两部分做好，在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。
那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢？关键要通过大量的练习，增强阅读英文句子、尤其是其中长难句的能力。
长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子，也有一些其实结构并不复杂，但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。
长难句出现不多，但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度，成为我们获取高分的“拦路虎”。
下面就近年试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来，分析它们的结构，指出其中的考查难点，并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议，希望广大同学能从中得到一些启发。
1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.[句子主干]Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…[语法难点]本句是典型的非限定性定语从句，难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。
分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是（which was）representing… ，另一个是(which was)detached…。
可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。
[句子翻译]对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。
这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。
[翻译技巧]实际上定语从句并不符合汉语的使用习惯。
所以翻译时遇上定语从句，一定不要机械地按照原来的顺序生搬硬套。
像这样分句较长的情况，把主句和分句拆为两句是比较好的方法。
所以这里从“这个阶层”开始另起一句。
2．Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large. " comfonable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.[句子主干]Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who…[语法难点]1）有并列从句。
分析句子主干很容易看到这也是一个典型的定语从句结构，分句由who…,and who…两个并列结构组成。
注意like并不是谓语而是介词短语作定语，真正的主句谓语是sprang of。
retire on指“依靠什么而退休（多跟表收入的名词）”。
2）that of drawing dividends 结构中，draw是收取的意思，dividend指红利，that of sth结构是名词性的，that of sth相当于which is结构，目的都是修饰前面的名词。
注意后面还有att ending…是省略了which were的定语从句，把of sth结构和定语从句交替使用是英语中长难句的惯用手法，目的是避免行文的单调，考生朋友们要注意分辨。
[句子翻译]像Bournemouth和Eastboune这样的城市兴起了，大批隐退的享乐阶层人士靠自己的收入，在这里过着悠闲的生活。
他们与群体之外的人没有联系，只是分取红利，偶尔参加股东会议，对管理人员发号施令。
[翻译技巧]同样是为了避开定语从句，将主句和分句拆为两句。
要注意几个短语的理解。
retire on 依靠……退休/have…relation…to与……有关系/up to 达到……的规模。
3．Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc. ,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet , considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea. "[句子主干]Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a …, considering them as…, in which a…”[语法难点]有省略。
1）like…分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句，considering…分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。
这个状语从句可以拿到句首，也可以在句尾。
一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾，较短的置于句首，为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。
2）like分句中出现了比较多的省略，补全以后是who like a poet who is among the letters…。
英语中的从句之所以是难点就是因为大量地省略引导词。
[句子翻译]罗博特·富尔顿曾经写道，机械工将坐在杠杆、螺丝、楔、轮子等周围，像诗人对待字母表中的每个字母一样，把它们作为自己的思路展示，每一个新组合都传送一个新概念。
[翻译技巧]如果严格地翻译，like分句应该译为“像对待字母表中字母的诗人一样”，原因是这个从句修饰的是机械工，应该用诗人来对应，但这样一来，就不符合汉语的表达习惯了。
4．Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.[句子主干]Some of these causes are reasonable results…, Others are consequences of advances…[语法难点]主语是some of these causes，实际的主语就是some，不过谓语是单数还是复数则取决于of后面的成分是单数还是复数。
being to…是定语从句的分句结构，意为“属于”。
[句子翻译]在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地来自社会需求，另一些则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生的某些特定发展的必然结果。
[翻译技巧]这个翻译比较简单，注意being to的翻译即可。
5．This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientificestablishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.[句子主干]This trend began during …, when…,that…[语法难点]1）有套和从句。
这个句子实际上是This trend began.其余的成分都是在起修饰和限定作用。
在分析长难句时一定要注意找出句子的主干，关键是确定句子的主语和谓语，只有这样才不会被众多的修饰成分所迷惑。
2）When引导的是时间状语从句。
第一个that引导的是修饰conclusion的定语从句，第二个that引导的是修饰demands的定语从句，wants前省略了which，是引导的修饰 a government的主语从句。
[句子翻译]这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府下了结论，认为：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
[翻译技巧]此句中短语较多。
come to the conclusion形成某种结论/make of提出/in detail详细地6．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.[句子主干]This seems …done by supporting a certain amount of research not…but…[语法难点]注意not…but句型，意为“不是……而是……”[句子翻译]给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研提供支持，看来通常能有效地解决这一问题。
[翻译技巧]严格说来，not…but结构应译为“不是……而是……”，但这样就显得罗嗦，所以译为“与……无关”，但（另一些有关）。
a amount of指“数量达到……”。
be related to指“与……有关”。
7．However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascination and delightful aspects.[句子主干]However, the world is so made that…systems are …unable to deal with some of t he …aspects[语法难点]so made指“如此构成”，so和后面的that构成so…that结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。
英语长难句100句【历年高考】
英语长难句历年高考100句1．And thousands of terrified(badly frightened)watchers stared with their hearts beating fast.2．The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.3．Having suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.4．Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.5．The mass media and government white papers play an important part in the spread of foreign words.6．Philippe took his first step with great care. The wire held Now he was sure he could do it.7．Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who was a lively interest in their pet, whether it be a cat 、dog or snake!8．But for all the texts that are written, stored and sent electronically, a lot of them are still ending up on paper.9．With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.10．With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA) in salt Lake City.11．Soon I heard a sound like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet.12．Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.13．She settled down to wait and see what would happen.14．They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures, called moat, for which the island is most famous.15．It happened that father had sent us upstairs because he thought he would be able to lock the door—which was twenty feet away—before the animal reached it.16．Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10 and they’re very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject.17．He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines, but nothing came to his mind.18．The most important idea behind the kind of party planning described here is that it brings parents and children closer together.19．Hary also studying biology said they wanted to make as much noise as possible to force the government officials to realize what everybody was having to stand.20．He had realized that the words: “one of six to eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives.21．Turning to my next customer, I was terrified to see a gun stuck out of his coat.22．Until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.23．Picking up the kettle of boiling water, she moved quietly towards the door.24．It is Sue Townsend’s musical play, based on her best-selling book.25．Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.26．Father took the still smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which killed the gorilla.27．Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space.28．“Smith!” the manager cried out in a voice like thunder “None of your excuses! Go start work at once! ”29．Those who could were likely to name a woman.30．In general, women’s friendships with each other rest on shared emotion s and support, but men’s relationships are marked by shared activities.31．For the most part, interactions between men are emotionally controlled —a good fit with the social requirements of“manly behavior”.32．Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.33．The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.34．If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.35．We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which Shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming. while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.36．When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “Foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.37．Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.38．The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees, who can afford the new service, in other words, Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.39．These words, I have just made up, have to stand for thing and ideas that we simply can’t think of.40．Decision thinking is not unlike poker — it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.41．The easy way out isn’t always easiest.42．The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and the fermenting yeast(酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.43．The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made.44．Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment, she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.45．I went around to the front of the house, sat down on the steps, and, the crying over, I ached, And my father must have hurt, too, a little.46．It covered the whole distance from broken –hearted misery to bursting happiness—too fast.47．Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.48．After all, eighty was a special birthday, another decade lived or endured, just as you choose to look at it.49．News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.50．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.51．After all, Ed’s idea of exercise has always been nothing more effort-making than lifting a fork to his mouth.52．After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure.53．As a result , at the point in our game when I’d ha ve figured on (predicted) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor , it was instead 7 to 9 — and Ed was leading.54．So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice , I was so surprised that I was speechless , my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape .55．In a way , I think we both won : I the game , but cousin Ed my respect.56．It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.57．The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.58．Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know hisfrien d’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.59．The mother didn’t know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.60．When I was in the army I received an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and , against an average of 100 , scored 160.61．We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well62．Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.63．The home improvements have taken what little there is of my spare time .64．Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.65．Most believe the footprints are nothing more than ordinary animal tracks , which had been made larger as they melted and refroze in the snow.66．But if they ever succeed in catching one, they may face a real problem: would they put it in a zoo or give it a room in a hotel?67．The WTO cannot live up to its name if it dose not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.68．It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.69．How could I ever get him to finish unloading the car without screaming at me and making a scene in front of the other girls, who I would have to spend the rest of the year with?70．The Salt Lake City public library is sold on the idea.71．Dad’s face turned decidedly less red before he could bring out a “yes”.72．First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.73．He certainly looked the part all right, he thought, as he admired himself in the mirror.74．It is one of many language books that are now flying off bookseller s’ shelves.75．In fact the more he watched the play, the more he felt himself part of it.76．Instead she took a short walk in a park nearby and came home, letting herself in through the back door.77．A sharp cry was heard outside as the wire fell to the floor and the hand was pulled back, which was followed by the sound of running feet.78．It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.79．It wasn’t long before the police caught the thief.80．Then, I noticed a tall man by the door, carrying something covered with brown paper.81．Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset.82．Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a building 110 stories high, was Philippe Pettit.83．Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day.84．Already she does many things a human being can do.85．She even enjoys watching television before going to bed.86．Thi rty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words, they still seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.87．Few of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle, but all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions.88．Here’s a fellow who just walks into a bank and helps himself to so much money.89．Todd thought of the difficulty with which he managed to get the amount of money he needed to start his gas station.90．After all, what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?91．Don’t pick up strangers and all your folks in gas stations better not do service to a white Ford car.92．Picturing(Imagining) the future will serve the interests of the present and future generations.93．The summit was to mark the 25th anniversary(周年)of president Nixon’s journey to China, which was the turning point in China-US relations.94．“Fill her up”, the man said sounding like any other driver.95．That you won’t be for long means it won’t be long before you’ll have to recycle your rubbish.96．It seemed that there was no suitable work for him.97．Rising through the roof is the Tower of the Sun, inside Which stands a 160- –foot –tall Tree of Life.98．But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.99．They not only make it difficult to sleep at night, but they are doing damage to our houses and shops of historical interest.100．Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out.。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句
长难句结构分析最新经典100句1.The American economic system is. organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句（1）
长难句结构分析最新经典100句(1)1. The American economic system is. organized around a basicallyprivate-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spendingtheir money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译⽂]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很⼤程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupledwith the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire ofindividuals to maximizetheir incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used toproduce it.[参考译⽂]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商⼈试图化其利润的欲望和个⼈想化其收⼊效⽤的欲望相结合，⼀起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被⽤来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results inreducing its cost, this willtend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turnwill lower the price andpermit more consumers to buy the product.[参考译⽂]另⼀⽅⾯，如果⼤量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖⽅和制造商能提供的供给，⽽这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个if引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport .【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
(word完整版)高考真题长难句解析100句
1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。
2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does notend with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education isnot complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that educationis a lifetime study.说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
考研长难句分析100例解析
长难句分析100例（一）Such behavior is regarded as “all too human,”with the underlying（潜在的、内在的）assumption that sloth （懒惰）is one of the sevens inherent sins of human being（人类）（二）（三）Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by（四）（五）Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow oran unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.（六）（七）If robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves -- goals that pose a real challenge.（八）（九） Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect ” ,a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects -- a good one （that is intended and a harmful ） one （ that is foreseen ）-- is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.（十）Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insistedthat they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”（十一）（十二）Medical licensing boards “must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”（十三）whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.（十四）Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.（十五）Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, （whose arguments are confusing the public and（十六）If scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.（十七）Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when（修饰前边的spell 一小段时间a short interval）it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.（十八）For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure (that encouraged readers not to use anything (that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines)).（十九）To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.（二十）Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment.（二十一）In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened（二十二）Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.（二十三）Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.（二十四）It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.（二十五）25、Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified（二十六）26、Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way,” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.（二十七）27、These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.（二十八）28、It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database.（二十九）29、When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches.（三十）30、This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.（三十一）31、It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.（三十二）32、Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.（三十三）33、Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.（三十四）34、Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves.（三十五）35、Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good.（三十六）36、“Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.（三十七）37、However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.（三十八）38、And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.（三十九）39、However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.（四十）40、Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?（四十一）41、But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.（四十二）42、With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.（四十三）43、If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.（四十四）44、Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”（四十五）45、The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.（四十六）46、Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.（四十七）47、At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,” Cartwright says.（四十八）48、In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.（四十九）While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.（五十）50、Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.（五十一）51、There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon.（五十二）52、It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.（五十三）53、It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.（五十四）54、Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.（五十五）55、They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.（五十六）56、What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.（五十七）57、That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.（五十八）58、What we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.（五十九）59、If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months.（六十）60、whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information.（六十一）61、It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.（六十二）62、Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership--that is, it predicted the opposite.（六十三）63、As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback——a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.（六十四）64、Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money.（六十五）65、From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders（六十六）66、Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them – especially in America – the sort ofnasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity.（六十七）67、Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.（六十八）68、Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, the most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.（六十九）69、Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.（七十）70、Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions（七十一）71、Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased “opportunities” for stress.（七十二）72、The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.（七十三）73、The Internet – with pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.（七十四）74、The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits.（七十五）75、Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories（七十六）76、If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42.（七十七）77、Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.（七十八）78、Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs.（七十九）79、They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.（八十）80、While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.（八十一）81、But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciouslydevelop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.82、At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed mostvaluable during the first decade or so of life.（八十二）83、It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad.（八十三）84、Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .（八十四）85、The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.（八十五）86、The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.87、While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized.（八十六）88、It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.（八十七）89、“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”（八十八）90、During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller.（八十九）91、In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.（九十）92、Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.（九十一）93、Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.（九十二）94、In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected.（九十三）95、In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.96、In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.（九十四）97、The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observing about social influence: with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.（九十五）98、Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules.（九十六）99、As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.（九十七）100、Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.（九十八）（九十九）（一○○）（一○一）（一○二）（一○三）（一○四）（一○五）（一○六）（一○七）（一○八）（一○九）（一一○）（一一一）（一一二）（一一三）（一一四）（一一五）（一一六）（一一七）（一一八）（一一九）（一二○）（一二一）（一二二）Whatever（状语从句）the differences two people may exhibit in jobs or careers（工作或事业）, those differences are swamped by how well/ deeply each person loves their parents（宾从）.不管两个人在工作或者事业上表现的差异有多大，这些差异在他们关爱父母的程度面前都显得无足轻重。
英语长难句分析100句[整理]
1.Looking beyond the 10-year period，the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future —more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.在展望10年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3 000种本地植物——占美国近25 000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。
2. The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration，because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations.野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。
3. Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits：it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics; can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have; can improve the nutritional value of products; and can produce cheaperand more environmentally friendly fertilizers.转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点;它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征;可以改进食物的营养价值;可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。
英语长难句精解100句经典
英语长难句精解100句经典英语学习的道路上，长难句就像一座座高峰，让人望而生畏。
可要是掌握了这100句经典的长难句精解，那就仿佛是手握登山的绳索，能一步步向着英语的高峰攀登。
我有个朋友叫小李，他呀，一看到英语长难句就头大。
有一次，他拿着一个句子来找我，那句子长得就像一条蜿蜒无尽的长蛇。
“I, who have been living in this bustling city for years, find it extremely difficult to adapt to the tranquil rural life all of a sudden, especially when considering the huge differences in living environment, pace of life and social interactions between the two.”（我在这个繁华的城市生活了多年，突然发现很难适应宁静的乡村生活，特别是考虑到两者在生活环境、生活节奏和社会交往方面的巨大差异。
）小李皱着眉头说：“这都是啥呀，我都晕了。
”我笑着跟他说：“你看啊，这个‘wh o have been living in this bustling city for years’是个定语从句，用来修饰‘I’的，就像给‘我’这个主角加了个详细的身份描述。
”小李似懂非懂地点点头。
这100句经典长难句里啊，很多句子都像这个一样。
比如说“Not only does he have excellent academic performance, but also he is very good at various sports, which makes him a popular figureamong his classmates.”（他不仅学业成绩优异，而且擅长各种体育运动，这使他在同学中很受欢迎。
长难句结构分析最新经典100句(3)
长难句结构分析最新经典100句（3）41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, alittle defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[参考译文]很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。
一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[参考译文]例如，阿斯旺大坝使得尼罗河不再洪水泛滥，但是它也夺去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--这些换宋的就是这么个疾病滋生的水库，现在这个水库积满了淤泥，几乎不能发电了。
43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are onlyone contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many otherfactors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery,new technology, and investment in education and training, [参考译文]企业重组的新方法--所有那些重新设计、缩小规模的做法--只是对一个经济的整体生产力做出了一方面的贡献。