基础英语作业一

基础英语（一）作业一Part I V ocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. (30 points)1.–We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. –Yes,_____? I’ll give them a call right now.A. why notB. what forC. whyD. what2.Try ____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. as3.Planning so far ahead _____ no sense—so many things will havechanged by next year.A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made4.I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ____ polite.A. was just beingB. will just beC. had just beenD. would just be5.–Someone wants you on the phone.--_________ nobody knows I am here.A. AlthoughB. AndC. ButD. So6.I can ____ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.A. come up withB. put up withC. turn toD. stick to7.The next thing he saw was smoke ____ from behind the house.A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen8.Only when he reached the tea-house ____ it was the same place he’dbeen in last year.A. he realizedB. he did realizeC. realized heD. did he realize9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ____there.A. had been lyingB. has been lyingC. was lyingD. has lain10.T he form cannot be signed by anyone ____ yourself.A. rather thanB. other thanC. more thanD. better than11.T he prize will go to the writer ____ story shows the most imagination.A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what12.T hey ____have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A. willB. canC. mustD. should13.I t is generally accepted that ____ boy must learn to stand up and fightlike ____man.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; /14.W illiam found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight wasbeginning to ____.A. disappearB. fallC. failD. damage15.–Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.–Well, you married one. _____.A. You name itB. I’ve got itC. I can’t agree moreD. You should knowPart II ClozeDirections: Complete the following passage with appropriate words. (20 points)In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 16 course about 20 years ago.The professor 17 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans, and invited the students to 18 how many beans the jar contained. After 19 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 20 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 21 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 22 your own senses.”Twenty years later, the 23 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 24 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 25 into an unknown world invisible to the 26 , which can be discovered only through scientific 27 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 28 the invitation. She was just 29 tounderstand the world. And she 30 that her firsthand experience could be the 31 . The professor, however, said that it was 32 . He was taking away her only 33 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and 34 ,” the woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 35 the course that afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”16. A. art B. history C. science D. math17. A. searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into18. A. count B. guess C. report D. watch19. A. warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to20. A. ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult21. A. learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken22. A. lose B. trust C. sharpen D. show23. A. lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman24. A. described B. respected C. saw D. served25. A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush26. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light27. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods28. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse29. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting30. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained31. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth32. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable33. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection34. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave35. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missedPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are three passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. (26 points)Passage 1Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to take revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a sidestreet at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the subtle aspects of roadmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that an explosion in car-ownership would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It’s high time for all of us to take this message to heart.36. According to the passage, the role of politeness is ____.A. resisting the temptation to take revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviorB. relieving the tensions of motoringC. responding to a friendly nod or wave of acknowledgementD. Both A and B37. By “good sense”, the writer means ____.A. the driver’s ability to understand and react reasonablyB. the driver’s prompt response to difficult and severe conditionsC. the driver’s tolerance of rude or even savage behaviorD. the driver’s acknowledgement of politeness and regulations38. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of an explosion of car-ownership _____.A. road users should make sacrificesB. drivers should be ready to yield to each otherC. drivers should have more communication among themselvesD. drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others39. In the writer’s opinion, _____.A. strict traffic regulations are badly neededB. drivers should apply road politeness properlyC. rude drivers should be punishedD. drivers should avoid traffic jamsPassage 2Teaching involves more than leadership. Some of the teacher’s time and effort is directed toward instruction, some toward evaluation. But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an efficient organizational structure and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place. A group that is totally disorganized, unclear about its goals, or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group. The leadership pattern includes helping to formand maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.On the first day of class, the teacher faces a room filled with individuals. Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist. But there is no sense of group unity, no set of rules for conduct in the group, no feeling of belonging. If teachers are successful leaders, they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages cooperation.Standards and rules must be established that maintain order, ensure justice, and protect individual rights, but do not contradict school policy. What happens when one student hurts another’s individual rights? Without clear guidelines mutually agreeable to students, teachers, and administration, the classroom can become chaotic. Students may break rules they did not know existed. If standards are set without input from the class, students may spend a great deal of creative energy in ruining the class environment, finding ways to break rules.No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and establishing a positive atmosphere, the task is never complete. Regular maintenance is necessary. Conflicts arise. The needs of individual members change. A new kind of learning task requires a new organizations structure. Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays, upcoming tests or athletic contests, or family troubles cause stress in theclassroom. One task for the teacher is to restore a positive environment by helping students cope with conflict, change, and stress.40. This article is written mainly for the purpose of ____.A. providing information for teachingB. studying the teacher’s behavior in the classroomC. comparing the teacher’s behaviors with students’D. teaching and organizing a class41. The teacher, to some extent, is a leader because _____.A. he is responsible for a well-organized class and a good learning environmentB. he deals with students in the same way as a leader deals with peopleC. he should develop harmony among studentsD. he has to maintain order and give instruction and evaluation42. The teacher should do more than teach. It is his responsibility to ____.A. create an organizational structure and a positive learning structureB. establish standards and rules students should followC. help students deal with conflict, change, and stressD. all of the above43. The following statements are true of the standards and rules to be established EXCEPT _____.A. the standards and rules should maintain orderB. the standards and rules should not violate school policyC. the standards and rules are accepted only by the teachers and administrationD. the standards and rules should ensure justice and protect students’individual rights44. Which of the following is NOT true?A. If the teacher well unites his students and creates a positive atmosphere, he then will complete his task.B. If guidelines are not acceptable both to students and teachers, the classroom can be a mess.C. Outside pressures may cause stress among students.D. Students need the teacher just as sheep need a shepherd. Passage 3Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties, practical rules which promote efficiency, and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents’presence without askingpermission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.45. Which of the following is NOT an element of the code of etiquette?A. Respect for age.B. Formal compliments.C. Proper introductions at social functions.D. Eating with a fork rather than fingers.46. Which of the following was true of England approximately a century ago?A. The young men had to get their parents’ permission before they sat in their presence.B. The young men couldn’t sit in the old me n’s presence before asking permission.C. Fingers were to be kept as tidy as possible.D. A person was supposed to rub the spit underfoot after spitting.47. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of ____ in the passage.A. RomeB. TanzaniaC. FranceD. Egypt48. According to the writer, that ____ was part of chivalry.A. a knight should inspire his lady to perform valiant deedsB. a knight should perform deeds which would inspire romantic songsC. a knight should express his love for his lady from a distanceD. a knight should regard his lady as strong and independentPart IVDirections: Each of the following sentences contains an error. Point it out and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. (16 points)49. There is no more freer city than New York; one can do as he pleasesA B Cthere.D50. I got to the airport, only to find that the plane had left for tenA B C Dminutes.51. Tending cows is a much better way to spend the summerA B Cthan if I attend summer school.D52. Over the past few years, medical researchers are searchingA Bfor a means to control AIDS virus.C D53. Although he has been to the mountains many times before,A Bhe still loves to visit it.C D54. Either of these young ladies are perfectly qualified to teachA B C DGreek and Latin.55. Young readers, more often than not, find the novels ofA BDickens far more exciting than Thackeray.C D56. A man cannot be really happy if that he enjoys doingA Bis ignored by society as of no value or importance.C D57. In the teaching of mathematics, the way of instruction isAgenerally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lecturesB Cand students take notes.D58. The teacher asked them who had completed their tests to leave theA B Croom as quietly as possible.D59. If you want your film to be properly process, you’ll have to wait andApick it up on Friday, which is the day after tomorrow.B C D60. I regret having left the work unfinished; I should plan everythingA B Cahead carefully.D61. Nowhere but in Europe we have seen the results so clearly, whichA Breally have surprised us all.C D62. Those part-time students expected to offer some jobs on campusA Bduring the coming summer vacation.C D63. The anti-smoking campaign on campus has made quite an impactA B Cwith the students.D64. The conversation had been carried on chiefly in French, a languageAwhich Mr. Steward was perfectly acquainted.B C DPart V.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. (8 points) 65.Your mastery of good table manners comes in handy. It gives youthe confidence of knowing that you can conduct yourself properly.After all, you are trying to have a conversation with your guest,not concentrating on which fork to use. Choosing the correctsilverware from the variety in front of you is not as difficult as itmay first appear. Always start with the knife, fork or spoon that isfarthest from your plate and gradually work your way in. a simplerule to remember is that liquids are to the right and solids are tothe left.基础英语（一）作业一答题卡1[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D] 4[A][B][C][D] 5[A][B][C][D] 6[A][B][C][D] 7[A][B][C][D] 8[A][B][C][D] 9[A][B][C][D] 10[A][B][C][D] 11[A][B][C][D] 12[A][B][C][D] 13[A][B][C][D] 14[A][B][C][D] 15[A][B][C][D] 16[A][B][C][D] 17[A][B][C][D] 18[A][B][C][D] 19[A][B][C][D] 20[A][B][C][D] 21[A][B][C][D] 22[A][B][C][D] 23[A][B][C][D] 24[A][B][C][D] 25[A][B][C][D] 26[A][B][C][D] 27[A][B][C][D] 28[A][B][C][D] 29[A][B][C][D] 30[A][B][C][D] 31[A][B][C][D] 32[A][B][C][D] 33[A][B][C][D] 34[A][B][C][D] 35[A][B][C][D] 36[A][B][C][D] 37[A][B][C][D] 38[A][B][C][D] 39[A][B][C][D] 40[A][B][C][D] 41[A][B][C][D] 42[A][B][C][D] 43[A][B][C][D] 44[A][B][C][D] 45[A][B][C][D] 46[A][B][C][D] 47[A][B][C][D] 48[A][B][C][D] 49[A][B][C][D] 50[A][B][C][D] 51[A][B][C][D] 52[A][B][C][D] 53[A][B][C][D] 54[A][B][C][D] 55[A][B][C][D] 56[A][B][C][D] 57[A][B][C][D] 58[A][B][C][D] 59[A][B][C][D] 60[A][B][C][D] 61[A][B][C][D] 62[A][B][C][D] 63[A][B][C][D] 64[A][B][C][D]65。