2012MTI湖北大学样卷
2012年南京大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2012年南京大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：14.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：1，分数：10.00)请简要解释以下段落中画线部分的知识点（分数：10.00）(1).经济学家厉以宁说，在国际金融危机的冲击下，别看广东受的影响最大，但实际上也在一定程度上加快了地区经济的转型。
现在“ 民工荒”越来越厉害，廉价劳动力的优势已经不大了。
珠三角的劳动密集型产业发展了将近30年，积累了一定的资本、技术、人才。
广州地区现在聚集了一大批高校和科研院所，人口素质也在逐步提升，完全可以发展金融业、服务业等高附加值的产业。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：国际金融危机：是指一国所发生的金融危机通过各种渠道传递到其他国家从而引起国际范围内金融危机爆发的一种经济现象。
国际金融危机的基本特征：金融领域所有的或大部分的金融指标的急剧恶化，以至于影响相关国家或地区乃至全世界经济的稳定与发展。
导致国际金融危机的原因有：经济过热导致生产过剩；贸易收支巨额逆差；外资的过度流入；缺乏弹性的汇率制度和不当的汇率水平；过早的金融开放等。
民工荒：是指民工短缺现象。
这种现象最早出现在南方的一些主要城市，在春节时期尤为明显。
民工荒既包括“普工荒”，也包括“技工荒”，但无论哪种类型，其所反映出“荒”的特征都可以概括为一种结构性短缺。
珠三角：此处指的是珠江三角洲地区，包括广州、深圳、佛山、东莞、中山、珠海、惠州、江门、肇庆共9个城市。
珠江三角洲是西江、北江和东江人海时冲击沉淀而成的一个三角洲。
珠江三角洲地区是我国改革开放的先行地区及重要的经济中心区域，在全国经济社会发展和改革开放大局中具有突出作用，现已成为世界知名的加工制造和出口基地，是世界产业转移的首选地区之一。
湖北文理学院2012年“专升本”考试英语样卷
湖北文理学院2012年“专升本”考试《大学英语》样卷Part I．Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of the each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the center.1. A. A tourist guide.B. A travel agent.C. A receptionist.D. A clerk in a ticket office.2. A. Paul usually flies to Japan with Betty.B. Paul changed his mind at the last minute.C. Paul persuaded Betty to change her mind.D. Paul planed to go to Japan with Betty by sea.3. A. The interview is very important to her.B. She has to go through an important interview.C. She is not ready for the interview.D. The interview is probably too difficult for her to handle.4. A. In 1978. B. In 1971. C. In 1984. D. In 1985.5. A. The woman can change American dollars into RMB at any bank.B. The woman can change money at the bank next to the Peace Hotel.C. The bank next to the Peace Hotel closes early.D. Most banks do not have the service of changing money.6. A. The air quality in the city is not as serious as the woman says.B. There were no factories in the city in the past.C. The air pollution is caused by the development of industry.D. They should move to another city.7. A. In Rome. B. In Paris. C. In Madrid. D. In London.8. A. He read the newspaper.B. The woman told him.C. He listened to a radio report.D. He was told by the people in his office.9. A. He thinks pets are a lot of trouble.B. He thinks it’s not a good idea to buy a pet for Mary.C. He will probably not buy Mary a pet.D. He will discuss it again with Mary.10. A. That is looks exactly like Dianna.B. That it makes Dianna look older than she really is.C. That it makes Dianna Look prettier than she really is.D. That it makes Dianna look as beautiful as a model.Section BDirections:In this part you will hear a passage three times. When it is read for the first time you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage for the secondtime and fill in the blanks numbered 1 to 7 with the exact words you’ve just heard. Forblanks numbered from 8 to 10, fill in the missing information. You can either use theexact words you’ve heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,check your answers when the passage is read for the third time.Professional sports are very popular in the United States, and they are big 1) ____. The most popular sports are baseball, football and basketball. Each has its own season and millions of supporters. Professional teams are 2) ____ for the cities where they are 3) ____. Their strongest supporters live in these cities. When a team plays in a 4) ____ game, most people in the city follow the game with interest and 5) ____.Basketball is well known around the world. Professional basketball games in the States are played indoors during the winter months. From 6) ____ to 7) ____ one can find a professional basketball game several nights a week in most large cities.8) ________________________________________________________________________. The game is played in the evenings nearly every day of the week and on weekends as well. The season begins in April and finishes with the World Series in October.Football has become the most professional sport in the U.S. It is played on Sundays during the fall from August to January. 9) ___________________________________________________ _________________________. Both games require strength and specialized skills.Professional athletes are very well paid. 10)________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.Part II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneHow do young children learn to have good values? How can parents teach their children about the importance of kindness, patience, and self-discipline? At a time when more and more parents worry about the negative and violent images (暴力形象) their children see on TV, in the movies and, on the internet, some are turning to fairy tales (童话) as a way to teach their young ones how to behave in society.Fairy tales were not always intended for children. We know this because some of these stories have existed for hundreds of years and were passed from generation to generation through songs and drama. They were considered entertainment for everyone, not only for young people. In these ancient stories, the heroes were extremely clever, fiercely independent, and never gave up. Over the years, some of the heroes’ qualities and story lines have been changed to fit the times.Psychologists think that fairy tales have a positive influence on children because they present the two sides of good and evil very clearly. When children hear the stories, they develop sympathetic for the heroic characters. In each tale, they can see that there are many different kinds of people in the world and that we all have a choice about what kind of people we want to be. We can choose to do good actions, rather than bad ones, in our lives.What kind of values can children learn from fairy tales? In “The Princess and the Pea,”a poorly dressed girl who insists she is a princess is given a difficult test by the Queen. When she passes the test, we learn that she is rewarded because she stayed true to herself. In “The Little Mermaid,” the mermaid (美人鱼) who lives under the sea longs to be with the humans on land. Through her experiences, we learn about the importance of living with and accepting other cultures. In “Pinocchio,” a wooden puppet (木偶) turns into a boy when he finally learns how to tell the truth.Teaching values is the reason most often given for teaching literature and encouraging reading. These old stories can indeed teach us lessons about human relationships that are universal (普遍的) enough to survive throughout the centuries. This might be the reason why they have been around for so long and are unlikely to disappear any time soon.1. What do we learn about fairy tales from the passage?A. They are written solely for children.B. They teach universal lessons about human relationships.C. They are all passed down through songs and drama.D. They are adapted to TV and movies as entertainment.2. Why do fairy tales have a positive influence on children?A. Good and evil are presented in a way they can easily understand.B. The characters are all good examples for them to follow.C. The heroes go through all kinds of hardships but never give up.D. There are many different kinds of characters for them to imitate.3. Some of the heroes’ qualities in fairy tales have been changed over the years______.A. to reflect the change of the valuesB. to suit the tastes of different peopleC. to arouse the interest of little childrenD. to adapt to the change of the times4. Children who have heard the story of the little mermaid might ______.A. learn to be better self-disciplinedB. be more likely to tell the truth than to tell the liesC. learn to stay true to themselves all their livesD. be better able to accept foreign cultures5. Parents encourage children to read fairy tells so that they ______.A. can entertain themselves without bothering othersB. can get to know great literature of the worldC. can stay away from violence shown on TVD. can learn how to behave in societyPassage TwoMost people think of a camel as an obedient beast of burden, because it is best known for its ability to carry heavy loads across vast stretch of desert without requiring water. In reality, the camel is considerably more than just the Arabian equivalent of the mule. It also possesses a great amount of intelligence and sensitivity.The Arabs assert that camels are so acutely aware of injustice and ill treatment that a camel owner who punishes one of the beats too harshly finds it difficult to escape the camel’s vengeance. Apparently, the animal will remember any injury and wait for an opportunity to get revenge.In order to protect themselves from the vengeful beats, Arabian camel drivers have learned to trick their camels into believing they have achieved revenge. When an Arab realizes that he has excited a camel’s rage, he places his own garments on the ground in the animal’s path. He arranges the clothing so that it appears to cover a man’s body. When the camel recognizes its master’s clothing on the ground, it seizes the pile with its teeth, shakes the garments violently and tramples(踩)on them in a rage. Eventually, after its anger had died away, the camel departs, assuming its revenge is complete. Only then does the owner of the garments come out of hiding, safe for the time being, thanks to this clever ruse(计策).6.Which of the following is mentioned in this passage?A.The camel never drinks water.B.The camel is always violent.C.The camel is always very sensitive.D.The camel is rarely used anymore.7.It is implied in the passage that ______.A.the mule is a stupid and insensitive animalB.the mule is as intelligent as the camelC.the mule is an animal widely used in the desertD.the mule is a vengeful animal8.From this passage we can conclude that ______.A.camels are generally vicious towards their ownersB.camels usually treat their owners wellC.camels don’t see very wellD.camels try to punish people who abuse them9.The writer makes the camel’s vengeful behavior clearer to the reader by presenting ______.A. a well—planned argumentB. a large variety of examplesC.some eye witness accountsD. a typical incident10.The main idea of the passage is ______.A.camels can be as intelligent as their driversB.camels, sensitive to injustice, will seek revenge on those who harm themC.camel drivers are often the target of camels’ revengeD.camels are sensitive creatures that are aware of injusticePassage ThreeToo often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a job and learn to like it; others quite from one to another looking for something to suit them, the young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope(摸索) in the dark and their chief concern when they lookfor a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them, having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment, it sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest.In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Noting is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人)and a bitter person.11. The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they _____.A. have ruined their talentsB. have taken on an unsuitable jobC. think of nothing but their salaryD. are not aware of their own potential12. The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies mainly in that_____.A. much competition has to be facedB. many employees have no working experienceC. the young people only care about how much they can earnD. schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance13. Which of the following statements is most important according to the passage?A. your job must suit your interest.B. your job must set a pattern of life.C. your job must offer you a high salary.D. your job must not ruin your talents.14. The best title for this passage would be ____.A. what can a good job offerB. earning a livingC. correct attitude on job-huntingD. how to choose a job15. The word “pathetic” in paragraph 2 most probably means ____.A. splendidB. miserableC. disgustedD. touchingPassage FourNow let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate.Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time which the eyes stop—the duration of the fixation—varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.16. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________.A. one’s familiarity with the t extB. one’s purpose in readingC. the length of a group of wordsD. lighting and tiredness17. The author may believe that reading ______.A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB. requires a reader to see words more quicklyC. demands a deeply-participating mindD. demands more mind than eyes18. What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to seewords and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second paragraph?A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and tocomprehend words.C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help t o improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to impr ove one’s ability to see words.19. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.D. The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.20. The tune of the author in writing this article is ________.A. criticalB. neutralC. pessimisticD. optimisticPart III. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Thenmark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER P APER with a single line through thecenter.1. The noise to be just the dogs fighting for a bone in the country yard.A. made outB. worked outC. rang outD. turned out2. Our system has been designed to give the user quick and easy to the required information.A. accentB. accessC. responseD. approach3. Many young women do aerobics (增氧健美操)every day in their to achieve the perfect body.A. questB. strainC. temptationD. campaign4. The official of events is that the police were attacked and were just trying to defend themselves.A. issueB. illusionC. versionD. perspective5. If schoolchildren are allowed to work at their own , their performance will generally improve.A. versionB. paceC. evolutionD. system6. The conference was an attempt to discussion of the problem of widening gaps between the rich and the poor.A. stimulateB. conductC. intendD. uncover7. The clerk held my passport four inches from his face and to read it.A. affectedB. flippedC. strainedD. giggled8. The wounded woman got to her feet and made a at the kitchen knife at the sink.A. grabB. clickC. commentD. pat9. The professor the whole chapter, saying it was not difficult for us to study it by ourselves.A. dismissedB. coveredC. skippedD. explored10. To for the position, applicants would need to have a PhD degree and 3 years’ working experience.A. strainB. qualifyC. registerD. campaign11. Work ____ on the construction site last April and was completed within fifty-two weeks.A. varnishedB. commencedC. departed D projected12. The weed in the pool should be left untouched until the young frogs have _____.A. shapedB. departedC. soaredD. detached13. The woman and three children were now laughing and I was pleased about that, as they hadlooked _____ when I entered their house a few moments before.A. bruisedB. poisedC. scaredD. scrubbed14. Lack of Zink (锌) ____ causes a range of problems, although little scientific evidence supportsthe link.A. scarcelyB. definitelyC. appropriatelyD. supposedly15. The statistics show that those who prefer electronic banking ____ 45 percent.A. contributed toB. amounted toC. headed forD. consisted of16. He _____ the scene in front of him and immediately called in the police.A. interfered withB. broke upC. headed forD. took in17. As the shortage of skilled workers grows, the competition to _____ new employees is likely tointensify.A. recommendedB. pollC. recruitD. enroll18. He turned away for a few moments and I could see that he was _____ by the news.A. upsetB. neglectedC. overtakenD. interrupted19. Nazism _____ the dark myths of racial purity and the glories of a supposedly great history.A. fed onB. conjured upC. contributed toD. broke up20. On land, the weight of plants far _____ the weight of the animals that feed on them..A. overflowsB. affectsC. repaysD. exceeds21. Tons of food was laid out on the big table and crates of beer were ready for consumption.A. reservedB. expendedC. generatedD. stacked22. You’d better keep your leaders of your activities so that they can ensure you areadequately supported.A. informedB. amusedC. outlinedD. swallowed23. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to___considerable impact.A. escapeB. overwhelmC. withstandD. suppress24. Great minds generally look at life in a way to themselves.A. peculiarB. confinedC. similarD. unusual25. This is a very formal occasion. It is not appropriate to wear pants or skirts.A. messyB. franticC. casualD. jealous26. Their organization neither used nor the use of violence in its struggle for equality..A. scatteredB. enrolledC. overheadD. advocated27. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to protect the birds and the impact of the oil spill.A. minimizeB. swallowC. exaggerateD. abridge28. Peter read the letter twice before its meaning .A. came upB. sank inC. caught onD. turned up29. When Ian was injured, Harry was chosen as a last—minute for the rugby team.A. preferenceB. diversificationC. alternativeD. replacement30. Each product by our company is quality tested at least three times, depending upon the requirements.A. derivedB. manufacturedC. demonstratedD. constructedPart IV Translation (10 points)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English.1.我认为我们在保护环境不受污染（pollution）方面还做得不够。
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷.doc
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：56.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.中国古代传统文化中“岁寒三友”和“四君子”实际上是指（）种植物。
（分数：2.00）A.7B.6C.5D.42.提出“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”的哲学家是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.陆九渊B.王守仁C.孟子D.周敦颐3.清廷一度重用西方传教士，但因为罗马教廷颁布针对中国的“禁约”，西方传教士活动在（）年间被禁止。
（分数：2.00）A.康熙B.雍正C.乾隆D.嘉庆4.下列书籍中属于徐光启的著作是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.《齐名要术》B.《农书》C.《农政全书》D.《农学丛书》5.四书五经的“四书”是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》、《中庸》B.《论语》、《孟子》、《中庸》、《大学》C.《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《礼记》D.《孟子》、《中庸》、《大学》、《礼记》6.起草美国《独立宣言》的是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.麦迪逊B.杰斐逊C.汉密尔顿D.华盛顿7.1781年，在美国的约克镇英军投降，在（）年被迫承认美国独立。
（分数：2.00）A.1774B.1781C.1783D.17768.美国独立战争的转折点是（）大捷。
（分数：2.00）A.盖兹堡B.约克城C.特伦顿D.萨拉托加9.中国常把一个人遭到挫折或失败称为“走麦城”，西方常称为人生的“滑铁卢”。
与这一典故有关的历史人物是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.路易十六B.罗伯斯庇尔C.拿破仑D.克伦威尔10.下列叙述在历史上不可能发生的是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.18世纪末，瓦特坐在电灯下研究蒸汽机图纸B.第二次工业革命后，德国人可以开汽车上班C.第三次科技革命期间，美国人可以坐飞机去旅游D.20世纪第一个春节，人们可以通过电话拜年二、填空题(总题数：15，分数：30.00)11.严复参照古代翻译佛经的经验，根据自己翻译的实践，在《天演论》卷首的 1中提出了著名的 2翻译标准。
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：56.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.中国古代传统文化中“岁寒三友”和“四君子”实际上是指（）种植物。
（分数：2.00）A.7B.6C.5 √D.4解析：解析：岁寒三友指松、竹、梅，四君子是梅、兰、竹、菊，因此共5种植物。
2.提出“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”的哲学家是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.陆九渊√B.王守仁C.孟子D.周敦颐解析：解析：陆九渊是南宋著名的理学家、思想家和教育家，宋明两代“心学”的开山之祖。
认为“人心至灵，此理至明；人皆具有心，心皆具是理”；“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”；“宇宙内事是己分内事，己分内事是宇宙内事”。
他认为人们的心和理都是天赋的，永恒不变的，仁义礼智信等也是人的天性所固有的，不是外铄的。
B王守仁即王阳明，明代著名的思想家、文学家、哲学家和军事家，提倡“致良知”，从自己内心中去寻找“理”，“理”全在人“心”，“理”化生宇宙天地万物，人秉其秀气，故人心自秉其精要。
在知与行的关系上，强调要知，更要行，知中有行，行中有知，所谓“知行合一”，二者互为表里，不可分离。
3.清廷一度重用西方传教士，但因为罗马教廷颁布针对中国的“禁约”，西方传教士活动在（）年间被禁止。
（分数：2.00）A.康熙B.雍正C.乾隆D.嘉庆√解析：解析：1805年(嘉庆十年)开始，清朝禁止西方人在华刻书，传教和设立学校。
4.下列书籍中属于徐光启的著作是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.《齐名要术》B.《农书》C.《农政全书》√D.《农学丛书》解析：解析：徐光启是明代著名科学家、政治家。
译有《几何原本》，著《农政全书》、《崇祯历书》、《考工记解》等。
A《齐民要术》是北朝北魏时期，南朝宋至梁时期，中国杰出农学家贾思勰所著的一部综合性农学著作，也是世界农学史上最早的专著之一。
是中国现存的最完整的农书。
2012全国53所高校MTI真题汇总(网友回忆版)-汉语写作和百科知识单元
2012年全国53所高校MTI真题（网友回忆版）汉语写作和百科知识单元目录1. 对外经贸大学 (1)2. 北京大学 (2)3. 北二外 (2)4. 北京外国语学院 (3)5. 北林 (3)6. 首师大 (3)7. 北京科技大学 (5)8. 北京师范大学 (5)9. 北京交通大学 (6)10. 中石油（北京） (6)11. 北京航空航天大学 (6)12. 北京语言大学 (7)13. 复旦大学 (7)14. 上海交通大学 (8)15. 同济大学 (8)16. 郑州大学 (9)17. 上海外国语大学 (9)18. 上海大学 (14)19. 上海东华大学 (16)20. 华东师范 (16)21. 华中师范 (16)22. 华中科技大学 (17)23. 东南大学 (17)24. 西安外国语 (17)25. 南京农业大学 (18)26. 南京大学 (18)27. 南京师范大学 (19)28. 大连海事大学 (19)29. 天津外国语 (19)30. 天津大学 (20)31. 南开大学 (20)32. 广外 (21)33. 暨南大学 (21)34. 湖南师大 (21)35. 四川外国语 (22)36. 四川大学 (22)37. 山东大学 (23)38. 青岛大学 (23)39. 苏州大学 (23)40. 吉林大学 (24)41. 西工大 (25)42. 西财 (25)43. 浙江大学 (25)44. 重庆大学 (26)45. 武汉大学 (26)46. 贵州大学 (27)47. 扬州大学 (27)48. 福师大 (28)49. 中国海洋大学 (28)50. 中南大学 (28)51. 上海海事大学 (29)52. 云南师范大学 (29)53. 湖南大学 (29)1. 对外经贸大学百科：史记包含的五类，初唐四杰，初唐四大书法家，最大规模农民战争，唐代山水诗派代表，苦吟诗人，“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”是哪首诗的，中国画祖之类，看过一遍中国文化的应该都问题不大，但明年就说不定了。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(湖北卷,解析版)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（湖北卷，解析版）本试题卷共16页，81题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
3. 完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下1. What is the problem for the man?A. He has to meet many people.B. He has to leave his friends.C. He has to travel a lot.2. How does the man think of the book?A. Humorous.B. Scientific.C. Popular.3. What’s the matter with the woman?A. She has caught a bad cold.B. She stayed online too long.C. She is allergic to paint smell.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Consult a repair shop.B. Purchase another car.C. Fix the car herself.5. In which year is the man in college now?A. The first year.B. The second year.C. The third year.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2012高考英语湖北卷 打印2012高考英语湖北卷 打印
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（湖北卷）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分）21. Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was startedby our former headmaster three years ago.A. sponsorB. launchC. organizeD. planc(H+)D22. Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and________ every page of my draft.＝A. approvedB. quotedC. polishedD. folded D.23. Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to ________ his courage.A. hold upB. keep upC. set upD. take up卷试题E试卷试题中间四句化学教案均用“对面落笔”的24. I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter in person.人数大幅增长化学教案并点出了游学的热门目的地化学教案材料二以天津为例化学教案指出家长们的选择还是很理的试卷试题A. lead toB. see toC. turn toD. refer to然而化学教案问题在于化学教案是否可以由此把伯林看成纯粹的狐狸呢？也不尽然试卷试题刺25. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks_______ in the garden of a traditional home.A. out of questionB. out of orderC. out of sightD. out of place26. “Perhaps we need to send for Dr. Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested ________ to hisneighbor who had come to discuss the problem.A. tentativelyB. thoughtlesslyC. definitelyD. rudely27. Can you tell the ________ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled bytheir meanings. A. dramatic B. regional C. apparent D. subtle28. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled d own has remained ________; people are still looking forother possible solutions. A. unchallenged B. relevant C. controversial D. contradictory 29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not haveany ________. A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow前言往行／玄每与之言／不倦也／玄出行／殷仲文卞范之之徒／皆骑马散从／而使景仁陪辇30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. 教案旁观者实在不必对那些追求编制、希求稳定工作的年轻人痛心疾首试卷试题A. patternB. procedureC. programD. perspective”潮菜的很多菜品及调料化学教案是与闽南菜共有或者大第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)I tend to accept any idea put forward rd by experts on TV. One day, a sociologist proposed that the 31 society has been consuming modern humans little by little. For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society, I 32 hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. 33 the shopkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you 34 have done. Life has become hopelessly 35 . A bicycle is simple, and it brings to you 36 things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise.” I agreed. Happy as a child,I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. After some time, I 37 at the other end of the town. I was38 that this simple vehicle could let me 39 long distances in a fairly short time. But how 40 did I really go?甲说：“生物工程类专业将来可能难就业化学教案填报需谨慎试卷试题”Since I hated to be 41 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 42 an odometer (里程表) on my bicycle. He agreed, but 43 , “An odometer without a speedometer (速度计) is like a 44 without a knife.” I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (装置) were 45 to the handlebars of my bicycle. “What about a horn?” he then asked. “Look, this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many 46 .” Attract ed by these functions, I bought the horn.（8）元嘉草草化学教案封狼居胥化学教案试卷试题（辛弃疾《永遇乐·京口“You can’t leave the back part 47 ,” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 48 the seat, and said, “Is there anything better than this oven when you feel 49 on your way? I can give you a special discount.” I was not strong enough to 50 the offer.选项命制都是明显的不会引起争议的错误化学教案即所谓的“硬伤”化学教案在答题时注意寻找这些硬伤试卷试题“I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done,” said Mr. Johnson in the end.③分子中无甲基（6）试以苯酚、氯乙酸钠（ClCH2COONa）、正丁醇为原料(无机试剂31. A. adult B. human C. consumer D. bachelor32. A. eventually B. immediately C. reluctantly D. gratefully33. A. Although B. Because C. As D. Unless34. A. would B. should C. must D. could35. A. boring B. complicated C. stressful D. tough36. A. natural B. mysterious C. complex D. unique37. A. gave up B. broke down C. calmed down D. ended up38. A. amazed B. amused C. confused D. concerned39. A. march B. drive C. cover D. measure40. A. far B. long C. fast D. deep41. A. unreliable B. impractical C. unprepared D. inaccurate42. A. fix B. check C. repair D. lay43. A. swore B. added C. replied D. concluded44. A. pencil B. fork C. box D. cake45. A. distributed B. converted C. applied D. attached46. A. shapes B. sizes C. functions D. models47. A. loose B. blank C. bare D. incomplete48. A. beside B. before C. below D. behind49. A. sick B. hungry C. hot D. thirsty50. A. consider B. withdraw C. make D. resist第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)AYou’ve just come home, after living abroad for a few years. Since you’ve been away, has this country changed for the better—or for the worse?If you’ve just arrived back in the UK after a fortnight’s holiday, small changes have probably surprised you—anything from a local greengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile-phone shop to someone in your street moving house.So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain after seven, ten or even 15 years living abroad? What changes in society can they see that the rest of us have hardly noticed—or now take for granted? To find out, we asked some people who recently returned.Debi: When we left, Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white, middle-class families—all very conservative (保守的). The town is now home to many eastern Europeans and lots of Australians, who come here mainly to work in hotels and tourism. There are even several shops only for foreigners.Having been an immigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, I’d think differently, but I believe foreign settlers have improved this country bec ause they’re more open-minded and often work harder than the natives.Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place we’d left behind and the one we returned to were brought sharply into focus as soon as we landed.To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening—in Cyprus, they’re very relaxed—and I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal-made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone seemed to be on guard. Even the airport car-hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers.But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate what they’ve got.51. After a short overseas holiday, people tend to _______.A. notice small changesB. expect small changesC. welcome small changesD. exaggerate small changes52. How does Debi look at the foreign settlers?A. Cautiously.B. Positively.C. Sceptically.D. Critically.53. When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by _______.A. the relaxed policemenB. the messy arrivals hallC. the tight securityD. the bank robbers54. Which might be the best title for the passage?A. Life in Britain.B. Back in Britain.C. Britain in Future.D. Britain in Memory.20试卷试题①文言文是传统文化的精粹②文言文与白话文有着紧密的联系BWhen my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days. （1）配制(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O溶液时化学教案需加入少量稀硫酸化学教案目的是▲It goes like this: You can’t take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We’d take the train into the city center, then a bus, switch ing to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn’t like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where M om’s f riend was waiting to give us a ride home—our first car ride of the day.到头劳顿不已化学教案低声下气向别人索取衣食化学教案或山行水宿化学教案颠踣流离化学教案、The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence—the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. ⑤菜系之名化学教案实际是上世纪70年代后才出现的新名词化学教案基本是按照行政区域进、Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox—and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.②丁没有被财经专业录取还有其他选择化学教案并非没有前途了试卷试题On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, where’s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?十多年后化学教案老板因为窃取同行公司的商业机密化学教案被对手告上法庭试卷试题律师对老板说化学教案这个案I’m wr iting this right now on an airplane, a means we didn’t try on our Transpor tation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me. A试卷试题“名讳”是出现在我国古代一种特有的礼仪文化现象试卷试题遇到君主或尊长者时,不能直呼其名,也称作避名讳试卷试题55. Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days?b g KI晶体化学教案再滴入少量2 mol/L的H2SO4溶液化学教案充分反应试卷试题第二步：A. Having a car ride.B. Taking the train twice.C. Buying more than one toy.D. Touring the historic district.②早晨起来化学教案睁开眼睛就感受到裹入柴达木巨大的无边无沿的苍茫与苍凉之中了试卷56. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?A. Building confidence in herself.B. Reducing her use of private cars.C. Developing her sense of direction.D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles.57. The underlined word “paralyzed” (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to “_______”.A. displayedB. justifiedC. ignoredD. ruined58. Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?A. Airplane.B. Subway.C. Tram.D. Car.风味试卷试题根据语境,侧重于主观体验,故应选“滋味”试卷试题“痛痛快快”,舒畅,尽兴,爽快;“淋、CIt was a simple letter asking for a place to study at Scotland’s oldest university which helped start a revolution in higher education. A 140-year-old letter written by a lady calling for her to be allowed to study medicine at St Andrews University has been discovered by researchers. Written by Sophia Jex-Blake in 1873, the seven-page document, which urged the university to allow women to study medicine at the institution, was released yesterday on International Women’s Day.十多年后化学教案老板因为窃取同行公司的商业机密化学教案被对手告上法庭试卷试题律师对老板说化学教案这个案The document was discovered buried in the university archives (档案) by part-time history student Lis Smith, who is comp leting her PhD at St Andrews Institute of Scottish Historical Research. She said: “We knew that Sophia Jex-Blake and her supporters, in their effort to open up university medical education for women, had written to the Senatus Academicus(校评议委员会) at St Andrews in an attempt to gain permission to attend classes there, but we didn’t know documentary evidence existed. While searching the archives for information about the university’s higher certificate for women, I was astonished to come across what must be t he very letter Jex-Blake wrote.”粉末均匀混合化学教案在800℃.的氩气中烧结6小时化学教案即可制成硅酸亚铁锂试卷试题①合成硅酸In the letter, Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a medical school and to arrange for lectures to be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews. Although her letter was not successful, it eventually led to the establishment of the Ladies Literate in Arts at St Andrews, a distance-learning degree for women. The qualification, which ran from 1877 until the 1930s, gave women access to university education in the days before they were admitted as students. It was so popular that it survived long after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892.苞以十月下旬至家化学教案留八日化学教案便饥驱宣、歙间试卷试题入泾河化学教案路见左右高Ms Jex-Blake went on to help establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874. She was accepted by the University of Berne, where she was awarded a medical degree in January 1877. Eventually, she moved back to Edinburgh and opened her own practice. 了历史文化的美食试卷试题族群饮食化学教案就是这样一些能够引起文化认同感的食物、59. Sophia wrote a letter to St Andrews University because she wanted _______.C试卷试题潮菜在本土之外出现多流派的现象化学教案在其他菜系中是极其罕见的化学教案这是潮菜在众多菜系中能独领风骚的主要原因试卷试题A. to carry out a research project thereB. to set up a medical institute there调笑令·归雁苏轼归雁化学教案归雁化学教案饮啄江南南岸试卷试题将飞却下盘桓化学教案C. to study medicine thereD. to deliver lectures there教案觉而怛然增离索之恨试卷试题（4分）（2）每念兹事化学教案如沉疴之附其身化学教60. Lis Smith found Sophia’s letter to St Andrews University _______.化学教案单株单个化学教案据地自生试卷试题看不到印象中的森林和草地上那种或互相拥挤互A. by pure chanceB. in the scho ol office⑤菜系之名化学教案实际是上世纪70年代后才出现的新名词化学教案基本是按照行政区域进、C. with her supporters’ helpD. while reading history books13试卷试题下列有关溶液中粒子浓度的关系式中正确的是（）A试卷试题c(61. Sophia’s letter resulted in the establishment of _______.A. the London School of Medicine for WomenB. a degree programme for womenC. a system of medical educationD. the University of Berne62. When did St Andrews University begin to take full-time women students?A. In 1873.B. In 1874.C. In 1877.D. In 1892.DHow is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns don’t enjoy t hat much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”.A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.63. The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_______”.A. in a different family environmentB. in a different family traditionC. in different family crisesD. in different families64. In terms of language development, later-borns ________.A. get their parents’ individual guidanceB. learn a lot from their elder siblingsC. experience a lot of difficultiesD. pick up words more quickly65. What was found about fights among siblings?A. Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.B. Siblings in some families fought frequently.C. Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.D. Siblings learned to get on together from fights.66. The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “_______”.A. having qualities of parentsB. having qualities of womenC. having defensive qualitiesD. having extraordinary qualitiesEBrrriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem-solving work?The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we’re unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy people’s lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving yourself time to tune into your wandering mind, you’re missing out on the surprising solutions it may o ffer.教案或山行水宿化学教案颠顿怵迫化学教案或胥易技系束缚于尘事化学教案不能一日宽闲The trip you take to work doesn’t help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞), making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all should read a lot about what’s going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day’s work is done.So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes ea rly and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. We’d take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. And once in the office—after we get a cup of coffee—we’d click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.67. According to the author, we are more creative when we are _______.A. focusedB. relaxedC. awakeD. busy68. What does the author imply about newspapers?A. They are solution providers.B. They are a source of inspiration.C. They are normally full of bad news.D. They are more educational than websites.69. By “tune into your wandering mind” (in Para. 2), the author means “_______”.A. wander into the wildB. listen to a beautiful tuneC. switch to the traffic channelD. stop concentrating on anything70. The author writes the last paragraph in order to _______.A. offer practical suggestionsB. summarize past experiencesC. advocate diverse ways of lifeD. establish a routine for the future第四部分：书面表达(共两节，满分50分)第一节：完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
2012年武汉大学翻译硕士MTI汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
2012 年武汉大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：56.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.中国古代传统文化中“岁寒三友”和“四君子”实际上是指（）种植物。
（分数：2.00）A.7B.6C.5 √D.4解析：解析：岁寒三友指松、竹、梅，四君子是梅、兰、竹、菊，因此共 5 种植物。
2.提出“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”的哲学家是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.陆九渊√B.王守仁C. 孟子D.周敦颐解析：解析：陆九渊是南宋著名的理学家、思想家和教育家，宋明两代“心学”的开山之祖。
认为“人心至灵，此理至明；人皆具有心，心皆具是理”；“宇宙便是吾心，吾心便是宇宙”；“宇宙内事是己分内事，己分内事是宇宙内事”。
他认为人们的心和理都是天赋的，永恒不变的，仁义礼智信等也是人的天性所固有的，不是外铄的。
B 王守仁即王阳明，明代著名的思想家、文学家、哲学家和军事家，提倡“致良知”，从自己内心中去寻找“理”，“理”全在人“心”，“理”化生宇宙天地万物，人秉其秀气，故人心自秉其精要。
在知与行的关系上，强调要知，更要行，知中有行，行中有知，所谓“知行合一”，二者互为表里，不可分离。
3.清廷一度重用西方传教士，但因为罗马教廷颁布针对中国的“禁约”，西方传教士活动在（）年间被禁止。
（分数：2.00）A.康熙B.雍正C.乾隆D.嘉庆√解析：解析：1805 年(嘉庆十年)开始，清朝禁止西方人在华刻书，传教和设立学校。
4.下列书籍中属于徐光启的著作是（）。
（分数：2.00）A.《齐名要术》B.《农书》C.《农政全书》√D.《农学丛书》解析：解析：徐光启是明代著名科学家、政治家。
译有《几何原本》，著《农政全书》、《崇祯历书》、《考工记解》等。
A 《齐民要术》是北朝北魏时期，南朝宋至梁时期，中国杰出农学家贾思勰所著的一部综合性农学著作，也是世界农学史上最早的专著之一。
是中国现存的最完整的农书。
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湖北大学翻译硕士MTI《汉语写作与百科知识》考试样卷
第一部分：百科知识（50分）
一．单选题（每个2分）
1.“风声鹤唳”这个成语出于中国古代那一次战争？
A.淝水之战
B. 长平之战
C. 巨鹿之战
D. 官渡之战
2. 世界上流经国家最多的河流是哪一条河流？
A. 多瑙河
B. 尼罗河
C. 莱茵河
D. 亚马逊河
3.“凡有一人的主张，得了赞和，是促其前进的，得了反对，是促其奋斗
的，独有叫喊于生人中，而生人并无反应，既非赞同，也无反对，如置身毫无边际的荒原，无可措手的了，这是怎样的悲哀呵，我于是以我所感到者为寂寞。
”
以上段落出自鲁迅哪一部著作？
A. 《呐喊》
B.《且介亭杂文》
C.《故事新编》
D.《华盖
集续编》
4. 作为一位最传大的、百科全书式的科学家，亚里士多德对世界的贡献无
人可比，其开创了逻辑学的巨著是哪一部？。
A.《工具论》
B.《天论》
C.《诗学》
D.《分析前篇和后篇》
5. 中国有一种戏曲，唱腔委婉清新，分花腔和平词两大类，以高胡为主要
伴奏乐器。
该戏曲称之为什么？.
A.川剧
B.黄梅戏
C.徽剧
D.昆剧6. “大漠孤烟直,长河落月圆。
”
“莫悉前路无知已，天下谁人不识君。
”
“与天地兮比寿，与日月兮同光。
”
与上述句诗匹配的诗人是谁？
A. 王维杜牧蔡文姬
B. 李白高适屈原
C. 王维高适屈原
D. 李白杜牧蔡文姬
7. “从16世的新教改革到现在，仅有三个事件可以被称作革命，而其他
的事件仅是四次大震荡中的一次局部性的余震”，上述论述中的三次革命不包括下列哪一次革命？
A. 17世纪的君主制革命；
B. 贯穿18-19世纪的“法国”革命；
C. 18世纪大洋彼岸的美国独立战争
D. 20世纪社会性的、集体性的“俄国”革命
8. 下述哪一位作家是19世纪与狄更斯齐名的英国批判现实主义作家？
A. 萨克雷
B. 勃朗特姐妹
C. 哈代
D. 盖斯凯尔夫人
9. 2010网络最红流行语之一“神马都是浮云”的意思是什么？
A. 时空的错乱
B. 匪夷所思
C. 什么都不值一提
D. 对社会不良现象的不满
10. 我国第一部纪传体通史是下列哪一部作品？
A. 《汉书》
B. 《后汉书》
C. 《史记》
D.
《春秋》
二、回答下列问题（每题2分）
1．听到“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”等脍炙人口的诗句时，人们就自然而然地跟“世外桃源”的意境联系起来。
请问此诗句的作者是谁？是哪个朝代的？
2. 据《圣经》记载，人类始祖亚当和夏娃因听了神蛇的话偷吃禁果犯下了
罪，这个罪过从此代代相传。
因此，凡笃信上帝的人必须经过洗礼来洗刷此罪。
请问此罪是何罪？
3. 中国历史上，“楚汉之争”是指哪两大集团为争夺政权而进行的一场大规模战争？
4. 据《说文解字》记载，黄帝的史官、汉字的创造者被后人尊为中华文字
始祖。
请问这个传说中的人是谁？
5.清代诗人吴梅村的名句“恸哭六军俱缟素，冲冠一怒为红颜”。
请问“一
怒”是对谁怒的？“红颜”又是指谁？
三、请简要解释下面段落中划线加粗部分的知识点。
（每个2分）
1．美国在科学和技术研究，以及技术产品创新方面都是极具影响力的国家之一。
美国政府一贯认为，科学技术开支是对国家未来的投资，并以此为准则指定科技政策。
人类工业史上许多重要发明都源自美国，如生产线、电灯泡、飞机、电话等。
20世纪美国策划了著名的曼哈顿计划、阿波罗计划和人类基因组计划。
在第二次世界大战时期，美国最早研制出原子弹，将人类科技带入原子时代新纪元。
冷战开始后，美国最先在太空科学和技术领域取得成功，在太空竞赛中领跑，从而导致了火箭技术、材料科学和计算机等领域的重大进步。
2．在五四青年节即将到来之际，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席胡锦涛给中国农业大学师生回信，向广大青年朋友致以节日的祝贺，勉励青年和青年学生在推进社会主义现代化的奋斗实践中书写美好的人生。
胡锦涛指出，解决好“三农”问题是全党工作的重中之重，实现农业现代化是我国基本实现现代化的一项重要任务。
这为农业院校赋予了重大责任，也为广大农科学子提供了广阔舞台。
3．书面语和口语的差别一直相当大。
在“五四”时期白话文运动以前，书面语与口语的区别实际上是古今语的区别。
以唐宋时代为例，当时人口里说的话是白话，笔下写的是文言，即以先秦诸子和《左传》、《史记》等广泛传诵的名篇为范本的古文文体。
这种情形往上大概可以追溯到两汉时期，往下一直延续到20世纪初叶。
孙中山1925年立的遗嘱就还是用文言写的。
不过，2000多年来，作为书面语的文言本身也在变化。
仿古终归难以乱真，后世人模仿古语不可能不受当时口语的影响。
有人指出韩愈的文章里就有明显的不合先秦语法的地方。
清代桐城派古文家模仿先秦文和唐宋古文家的文章，结果当然更为驳杂。
清末梁启超用一种浅显的文言文写政论文章。
由于通俗易懂，风行一时，为报章杂志广泛采用。
5．美国独立革命虽然是对盎格鲁·萨克逊母国英国的“叛逆”，但是上至华盛顿、杰佛逊、亚当斯等全体“国父”，下到北美殖民地人口主体，无不是白种盎格鲁·萨克逊新教徒。
两百多年来，WASP族群把持了美国的政治、文化、经济。
从肯尼迪之前的几乎所有总统，以及常春藤盟校代表的精英教育和领袖培养体系，直到长期在中南部叱咤风云的三K党，都是这一WASP族群统治的代表和象征。
如此长期和绝对的领导地位，所以学者将美国政治形容为“WASP族群统治”。
6. 18 世纪的欧洲被称为理性时代或启蒙时代。
这个时期产生了全欧性的思想运动——启蒙运动。
启蒙思想家们把启蒙教化民众看作改造社会的基本途径，他们推崇人的理性，以理性检验旧的制度、传统观念。
在崇尚理性的文化环境中，英国文学中自德莱顿开始的古典主义蔚然成风，在18 世纪上、下半叶分别以蒲伯和约翰逊为代表人物。
在前期出现的新的散文文学：期刊文学和现实主义小说，也具有启蒙的性质。
在中期，特别是40 到50 年代，现实主义小说取得辉煌成就。
到18 世纪后期，英国文学中出现了引人瞩目的新的文学潮流：感伤主义和前浪漫主义，表现出对理性主义的不满，预示着英国文学中新的时代——浪漫主义时期的到来。
7. 欧洲是从绵延不断的亚洲大陆伸出来的一个半岛。
16世纪的宗教改革只涉及到了半岛最西端的部分地方：从德国、波兰、奥地利、意大利向西直到大西洋。
巴尔干地区属于信奉伊斯兰教的土耳其，而俄国信奉的是东正教。
根据这个清楚的划分，西方即可称为“西欧”。
第二部分：应用文写作（40分）
根据下面的文字说明写一篇450字左右的招募启示。
中国商务部拟举办一次大型的国际贸易洽谈和招商会，现征集韩语、日语、法语、德语和葡萄牙语等语种的翻译志愿者。
请以中国商务部的名义起草一份招募志愿者的启示，注意以下事项：
1.标题
2.招募的原因
3.志愿者的条件
志愿者应满足以下条件之一：
（1）以韩语、日语、法语、德语和葡萄牙语等语种专业在读的三年级以上学生及研究生
（2）在相关语言的国家学习或工作超过一年以上
（3）或因工作关系能熟练操以上语种的在职人员
4.活动的时间：2010年12月10-17日
5.地点：北京
6.结束语、落款等要素。
第三部分：命题作文（60分）
据《北京晨报》报道，湖南娄底教师谭胜军日前在上课时，为制止两名学生下棋与学生发生冲突。
让人意外的是，其中一名白姓学生竟然对他动手。
随后班主任通知家长让小白同学当众道歉。
在小白同学毫无诚意道歉后，谭老师突然下跪，他希望以此方式来震撼和唤醒孩子们。
值得注意的是，有网友认为谭老师下跪是因为迫于当时两名学生家长的压力，因为其中一名学生的家长是娄底市的主要领导。
或许，这为看待这起事件提供了一个重要切口，从中可以去探寻“跪着教书”背后深刻的社会根源。
请以“教育是圣洁的”为题写一篇800字左右的议论文。
要求：思路清晰,文字通顺,用词得体,结构合理,文笔优美。