中国文化概览期末题(英文)
《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案
I.Chinese Cultural Terms :1.绿茶green tea2.红茶black tea3.乌龙茶oolong tea4.黑茶dark tea5.花茶scented tea6.茉莉花茶jasmine tea7.八大菜系eight major schools ofRegional cuisine /8 Chinese Cuisines8.茶道tea ceremony9.茶具tea set10.紫砂壶boccaro teapot11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck12.清蒸鱼steamed fish13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns14.佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall15.《论语》The Analects16.《诗经》The Book of Songs17.《道德经》Classic of the Way and Virtue18.道家Daoism19.汉字Chinese character20.象形文字pictograph21.甲骨文oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script22.篆文seal character/ seal script23.文房四宝four treasures of study24.丝绸之路the Silk Road25.海上丝绸之路the Maritime silk road26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative27.西the Western regions28.敦煌石窟the Dunhuang Grottoes29.春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period30.方块象形文字the square-shaped pictographic character31.颜（真卿）体the Yan style32.民间艺术folk arts33.年New Year pictures34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts35.皮影戏shadow play36.苏Suhou Embroidery37.造纸术paper making38.印刷术printing39.佛Buddhist scripture经40.行书running script /semi-cursive script41.草书cursive script42.楷书regular script/standard script43.隶书official script/ clerical script44.砚the ink slab/ the ink stone; 墨ink stick45.六艺：礼乐射御书数“six arts” : ritual,music,archery, carriage driving ,calligraphy , and mathematics46.毛笔the writing brush47.宣纸xuan paper/ rice paper48.中国书法Chinese calligraphy49.简体字：simplified characters50.繁体字complex characters/ traditional characters51.中国结Chinese knots52.佛教Buddhism53.国徽national emblem54.国旗national flag55.国歌national anthemII. Multiple choices （每题三个选项中选一个最佳答案）1）Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? （下列哪项与汉字的象形符号无关？） ___ AAspiration. 吸Imagination. 想象Creativity. 创造力Allusion. 典故2）Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan University （关于复旦大学的名称，下列哪个陈述是正确的？） ___ DThe characters both stand for "the sun rising on the horizon". 这些字符都代表着“太阳在地平线上升起”The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem. 这个名字取自中国古典诗歌The name encourages the students to get up early in the这个morning. 名字鼓励学生早上早起The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress day by day. 这些字旨在让学生们一天天地进步3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures (下列 语言中哪一种主要由语言图片组成？) ? B___Mandarin Chinese. 普通话 Hieroglyphs of ancient 古埃及的象形文字Oracle-bone inscription. 甲骨文Seal characters. 篆书4) The symbol for is closest to （“游泳”的符号最接近的___.oracle-bone inscription 甲骨文MandarinChinese sealcharacters none 普通话 篆书 没有选项5) The symbol for “ athletics ” contains the ingredients of (“运动”的符号包含了) ___. Adancing and running running and swinging dancing and swinging triathlon andfootball6) All the following are the titles of Confuciusexcept an educator 一个教育家A biologist 一个生物学家A scholar 有识之士A philosopher 一个哲学家7) The expression “filial piety ” mostprobably means being是指) ___.DLoyal to the state 忠于国家Obedient to sister(s) 听姐姐的话Responsible for the family 对家庭负责Dutiful to parents 孝顺父母 8) Which of following can best describe Confucius ' view on the relationship between man and nature ( 下面哪一个最能说明孔子对人与自然关系的看法？) ___.DBrothers 兄弟跳舞、跑步跑步和摆动跳舞和摆动铁人三项和足球 以下孔子的头衔除了） ___.B“孝”的意思很可能Husband and wife 夫妇Doctor and patient 医生和病人Mother and son 母子9）Through burial and ancestral worship rituals,people can learn通过丧葬that 和祭祖仪式，人们可以了解到。
《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案
I. Chinese Cultural Terms :1.绿茶green tea2.红茶black tea3.乌龙茶oolong tea4.黑茶dark tea5.花茶scented tea6.茉莉花茶jasmine tea7.八大菜系eight major schools of cuisine /8 Regional Chinese Cuisines8.茶道tea ceremony9.茶具tea set10.紫砂壶boccaro teapot11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck12.清蒸鱼steamed fish13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns14. 佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall15. 《论语》The Analects16. 《诗经》The Book ofSongs17. 《道德经》Classic of the Way and Virtue18.道家Daoism19.汉字Chinese character20.象形文字pictograph21.甲骨文oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script22.篆文seal character/ seal script23.文房四宝four treasures of study24.丝绸之路the Silk Road25. 海上丝绸之路the Maritime silk road26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative27.西域the Western regions28.敦煌石窟the Dunhuang Grottoes29.春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period30. 方块象形文字the square-shaped pictographic character31. 颜(真卿)体the Yan style32. 民间艺术folk arts33.年画New Year pictures34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts35.皮影戏shadow play36.苏绣Suhou Embroidery37.造纸术paper making38.印刷术printing39.佛经Buddhist scripture40.行书running script /semi-cursive script41.草书cursive script42.楷书regular script/standard script43.隶书official script/ clerical script44.砚the ink slab/ the ink stone; 墨ink stick45.六艺：礼乐射御书数“six arts” : ritual,music,archery, carriage driving , calligraphy , and mathematics46.毛笔the writing brush47.宣纸xuan paper/ rice paper48.中国书法Chinese calligraphy49.简体字：simplified characters50. 繁体字complex characters/ traditional characters51.中国结Chinese knots52.佛教Buddhism53.国徽national emblem54. 国旗national flag55. 国歌national anthemII. Multiple choices (每题三个选项中选一个最佳答案)1)Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? (下列哪项与汉字的象形符号无关？)Aspiration. 吸Imagination.想象Creativity.创造力Allusion.典故2) Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan Universit(y关于复旦大学的名称，下列哪个陈述是正确的？)The characters both stand for "the sun rising on the horizon"这.些字符都代表着“太阳在地平线上升起”The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem.这个名字取自中国古典诗歌The name encourages the students to get up early in the morning.这个名字鼓励学生早上早起The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress day by day.这些字旨在让学生们一天天地进步3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures(下列语言中哪一种主要由语言图片组成？) ? B___Mandarin Chinese. 普通话Hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt.古埃及的象形文字Oracle-bone inscription. 甲骨文Seal characters.篆书4) The symbol for “swimming” is closest to (“游泳”的符号最接近的是)oracle-bone inscription 甲骨文Mandarin Chinese 普通话seal characters 篆书none of the above 没有选项5)The symbol for “athletics” contains the ingredients of (“运动”的符号包含了)dancing and running 跳舞、跑步running and swinging 跑步和摆动dancing and swinging 跳舞和摆动triathlon and football 铁人三项和足球6)All the following are the titles of Confucius excep(t以下孔子的头衔除了) ___.Ban educator 一个教育家A biologist 一个生物学家A scholar 有识之士A philosopher 一个哲学家7)The expression “filial piety” most probably means being (“孝”的意思很可能是指) ___.DLoyal to the state 忠于国家Obedient to sister(s) 听姐姐的话Responsible for the family 对家庭负责Dutiful to parents 孝顺父母8)Which of following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature (下面哪一个最能说明孔子对人与自然关系的看法？) ___.D Brothers 兄弟Husband and wife 夫妇Doctor and patient 医生和病人Mother and son 母子9)Through burial and ancestral worship rituals,people can learn that (通过丧葬和祭祖仪式，人们可以了解到。
中国文化通览(A班)An Introduction to Chinese Culuture
第六节
中西文化的比较
一、历史渊源：中华文化历时五千年，渊源一 贯。西方文 化来源有三：希腊文化、罗马文化和希伯来文化，渊源 杂。 二、民族性格：中国人天人合一，崇尚自然，内向、中庸 性格。 西方人种杂，变迁多，好与自认斗争，性格外向，个性 鲜明。
三、经济：主静、轻商，缺乏扩张心理。西方文化商业发 展较早且块，重商主义影响较大。 四、伦理道德: 中华文化的伦理基础是父子，重孝、悌。 西方文化重视的不是自我修养，而是发挥个性，没有忠 孝的伦理观念，人人平等。 五、政治：崇尚贤人政治，讲王道，人治。古希腊即有法 制传统。
二、文化的结构与分类
从时间角度上，文化可以分为原始文化（primitive ）古代 文化(ancient) 、近代文化(modern)、现代文化 (contemporary ) 从空间角度上，可以分为东方文化(oriental) 、西方文化 (western)、海洋文化(oceanic) 、大陆文化 (continental ) 从社会层面上，可以分为贵族文化(aristocratic )、平民文化 (civilian )、官方文化(official )、民间文化 (folk)
四、近代中国文化的转型与走向(The Transformation and Tendency of Chinese Modern Culture） 第一次转型发生于洋务运动（Westernization Movement 至五四新文化运动(May 4th New Culture Movement)期 间 第二次转型发生于五四运动以后到改革开放(the reform and open policy in the late 1970s) 之前，分为两个 阶段。第一阶段是五四到新中国成立。第二阶段是新中 国成立后的文化实践。 第三次文化转型是在痛苦的文化反思的基础上进行的。
中国文化简介(英文版)课后习题答案2
中国文化简介（英文版）课后习题答案2Chapter6—chapter8Chapter 61.1) d 2) d 3) d 4) d2.5) Feng, Ya, Song, Fu, Bi, Xing6) The Classic of Poetry; The Classic of History; The Classic of Rites; The Classic of Rites; The Classic of Changes; The Spring and Autumn Annals.7) Feng (Ballads); Ya (Odes); Song (Sacrificial Songs)3.8) a. The Great Learningb. The Analects of Confucius9) a. The Doctrine of the Meanb . The Classic of History10) a. The Classic of Changesb. The Four Books and Five Classics4.11) “Confucius Way of the Heart”means if everyone makes strict demands onhimself/herself, and does everything according to the Confucian rites, then the relations between the king and the minister, the father and the son will eventually be harmonized, and the society will go smoothly.12) “To know something is not so good as to like it; to like it is not so good as todelight in it.” It means a person who prefers it can learn better than one who merely understands it; but a person who delights in it learns even better than one who only prefers it.5. 略Chapter 71 Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1) a 2) b 3) a 4) a2 Fill in the blanks.5)controlling flood, Yv the Great, Shun6)Pan Gu, Nv Wa, her own model, yellow clay3 Translate the following terms into English7)a. the descendants of Yan and Huang b. Yv the Great controlling the flood8)a. the Eight Immortals crossing the sea. b. Nv Wa creating man9)a. Pan Gu creating the world b.Kua Fu chasing the Sun4 Answer the following questions.10)Huang Di is resourceful in invention as well as in war and is credited with the invention of many things, like carts and boats, clothes, houses, writing and silkworm breeding and Silk weaving. Yan Di is credited with the invention of farming and medicine. He invented the wooden plow and taught people how to treat diseases. Wars urged the mixture and the assimilation of different tribes and eventually formed a tribal alliance of Huang Di and Yan Di. Traditions has it that Chinese civilization originated from the era of Huang Di and Yan Di, for they are the ancestors of the Chinese people. That is why the Chinese call themselves the descendants of Yan and Huang.11)略5 Retell the stories with the help of the following pictures.略Chapter 81.1) a 2)d 3)d 4) a2.5) the guti verse forms, jinti verse forms, classical, verse form, moder6) Shijing7) Li Sao8) Sage Poet, the greatest realist poet9) Su Shi, Li Qingzhao3.10) a. Tang Poems b. Songci11) a. yuanqu b. Chuci4.12) Yuefu originally referred to the “music bureau” in the Han Dynasty, responsible for collecting or writing poems, folk songs and ballads, and having them set to music. Later, poems, folk songs and ballads collected and compiled by yufu were given the name Yuefu.13) Ci is a kind of poetry written to certain tunes with strict tonal patterns and rhyme schemes, in fixed numbers of lines and words, originated in Tang Dynasty and fully developed in Song Dynasty.14) Apart from the above verse forms, there is also Fu, it’s something between poetry and prose, similar to rhapsody: a descriptive poem, and much cultivated from Han times to the Six Dynasties. Examples are Su Shi's “Fu on the Red Cliff”, Ban Gu’s Rhapsody on Two Capitals”, etc.5. 略。
中国文化概况样卷
中国文化概况样卷2013级2014-2015 学年第1学期中国文化概况（英文）期末试卷样卷Part I Multiple Choice (每题2分，共计20 分) Directions: There are 15 questions in this section. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. Which of the following is half-fermented tea?A Green teaB Oolong teaC Black teaD White tea……Part II Filling in the blanks (每题1分，共计10 分) Directions: In this section, there are five items with ten blanks. Fill in the blanks and write your answers on your answer sheet.1. The layout of an ancient architecture is ______, ______ and beautiful.……Part III Matching (每题1分，共计10 分) Directions: In this section, there are two columns, Column A is some English expressions and Column B is some Chinese translations. Match the following English names on Column A withtheir corresponding Chinese translations on Column B. And write your answers on your answer sheet.Column A Column B1. _____ Southeast the Peacock Flies a. 佛教2. _____ Buddhism b. 豌豆黄3. _____ A River Scene at Qingming Festival c. 刺绣4. _____ The Book of Songs d. 相声5. _____ pea-flour cake e. 钟楼6. _____ the Hall of Supreme Harmony f.《诗经》7. _____ Bell Tower g. 己所不欲勿施于人8. _____ crosstalk h.《清明上河图》9. _____ Embroidery I. 太和殿10. _____ Do not do toward others anything j.《孔雀东南飞》you would not want to be done to youPart IV Translation (每题1分，共计30 分) Section A (每题1分，共计15 分)Directions: In this section, you need to translate those Chinese items into English, and write your answers on your answers sheet.1. 楚辞2. 元宵节3.《三国演义》4. 汉字……Section B (每题1分，共计15 分) Directions: In this section, you need to translate those English items into Chinese, and write your answers on your answers sheet.1. Black tea2. Goubuli steamed buns3. Heroes of the Marsh4. Nine Songs……Part V Writing(共计30 分) Directions: For this part, you need to write an essay to introduce one of the Chinese cuisines on the topic of “My favorite cuisine”(e.g. Anhui Cuisine, GuangdongCuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine). You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. The origin of the costume2. The characteristics of the costume3. Your opinion on this costumeMy Favorite Costume________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________。
《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案
I. Chinese Cultural Terms :1.绿茶green tea2.红茶black tea3.乌龙茶oolong tea4.黑茶dark tea5.花茶scented tea6.茉莉花茶jasmine tea7.八大菜系eight major schools of cuisine /8 Regional Chinese Cuisines8.茶道tea ceremony9.茶具tea set10.紫砂壶boccaro teapot11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck12.清蒸鱼steamed fish13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns14.佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall15.《论语》The Analects16.《诗经》The Book of Songs17.《道德经》Classic of the Way and Virtue18.道家Daoism19.汉字Chinese character20.象形文字pictograph21.甲骨文oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script22.篆文seal character/ seal script23.文房四宝four treasures of study24.丝绸之路the Silk Road25.海上丝绸之路the Maritime silk road26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative27.西域the Western regions28.敦煌石窟the Dunhuang Grottoes29.春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period30.方块象形文字the square-shaped pictographic character31.颜(真卿）体the Yan style32.民间艺术folk arts33.年画New Year pictures34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts35.皮影戏shadow play36.苏绣Suhou Embroidery37.造纸术paper making38.印刷术printing39.佛经Buddhist scripture40.行书running script /semi-cursive script41.草书cursive script42.楷书regular script/standard script43.隶书official script/ clerical script44.砚the ink slab/ the ink stone; 墨ink stick45.六艺：礼乐射御书数“six arts” : ritual,music,archery, carriage driving , calligraphy , and mathematics46.毛笔the writing brush47.宣纸xuan paper/ rice paper48.中国书法Chinese calligraphy49.简体字：simplified characters50.繁体字complex characters/ traditional characters51.中国结Chinese knots52.佛教Buddhism53.国徽national emblem54.国旗national flag55.国歌national anthemII. Multiple choices （每题三个选项中选一个最佳答案）1)Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? （下列哪项与汉字的象形符号无关？）___A●Aspiration. 吸●Imagination.想象●Creativity.创造力●Allusion.典故2) Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan University（关于复旦大学的名称，下列哪个陈述是正确的？）___D●The characters both stand for "the sun rising on the horizon".这些字符都代表着“太阳在地平线上升起”●The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem.这个名字取自中国古典诗歌●The name encourages the students to get up early in the morning.这个名字鼓励学生早上早起●The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress dayby day.这些字旨在让学生们一天天地进步3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures（下列语言中哪一种主要由语言图片组成？）? B___●Mandarin Chinese. 普通话●Hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt.古埃及的象形文字●Oracle-bone inscription. 甲骨文●Seal characters.篆书4) The symbol for “swimming”is closest to（“游泳”的符号最接近的是）___.C●oracle-bone inscription甲骨文●Mandarin Chinese普通话●seal characters 篆书●none of the above没有选项5)The symbol for “athletics”contains the ingredients of （“运动”的符号包含了）___.A●dancing and running跳舞、跑步●running and swinging 跑步和摆动●dancing and swinging 跳舞和摆动●triathlon and football铁人三项和足球6)All the following are the titles of Confucius except（以下孔子的头衔除了）___.B●an educator一个教育家● A biologist 一个生物学家● A scholar 有识之士● A philosopher一个哲学家7)The expression “filial piety” most probably means being （“孝”的意思很可能是指）___.D●Loyal to the state忠于国家●Obedient to sister(s) 听姐姐的话●Responsible for the family 对家庭负责●Dutiful to parents孝顺父母8)Which of following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature （下面哪一个最能说明孔子对人与自然关系的看法？）___.D●Brothers兄弟●Husband and wife 夫妇●Doctor and patient 医生和病人●Mother and son母子9)Through burial and ancestral worship rituals,people can learn that （通过丧葬和祭祖仪式，人们可以了解到。
中国文化 英文版 试卷
中国文化英文版试卷China's culture is as rich and diverse as its history, which spans over 5,000 years. This vast period has seen the development of everything from calligraphy and porcelain to martial arts and cuisine. Chinese culture is a tapestry woven with many threads: philosophical, religious, artistic, and culinary, to name just a few.One of the most recognizable aspects of Chinese culture is its philosophy. The teachings of Confucius, Laozi, and other scholars have shaped not only China but also the world. Confucianism, with its emphasis on morality, propriety, and practical wisdom, has been a guiding principle in Chinese society. Taoism, with its focus on harmony with nature, has influenced Chinese attitudes toward life and the environment.Art is another pillar of Chinese culture, encompassing a variety of forms and expressions. Calligraphy, an art form that values the beauty and fluidity of characters, is highly respected. Similarly, traditional Chinese painting, with its delicate brushwork and emphasis on nature, reflects the Taoist appreciation for the natural world.Chinese cuisine, famous for its flavors and variety, is a reflection of the country's regional diversity. Each region has its own unique dishes and cooking styles, from the spicy Sichuan and Hunan cuisines to the more subtle flavors of Cantonese cooking. The importance of food in Chinese culture can also be seen in the traditional festivals, where meals play a central role in the celebrations.Religion and spirituality hold a significant place in Chinese culture. Buddhism, which arrived from India, has been adapted into Chinese society and has coexisted with Taoism and Confucianism, influencing the spiritual lives of millions. Ancestor worship and the veneration of various deities also form part of the religious fabric.The Chinese New Year, or Spring Festival, is perhaps the most important of traditional Chinese festivals. It is a time of family reunions, feasting, and giving thanks. The festival is rich with symbols and rituals, all designed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits for the coming year.In modern times, China has seen a resurgence of interest in traditional culture, as well as a blending of old and new. Contemporary Chinese art, cinema, and literature draw on traditional themes while exploring new forms and ideas. This fusion is a testament to the dynamic nature of Chinese culture, which continues to evolve while staying rooted in its ancient traditions.In conclusion, Chinese culture is a complex and dynamic system that has evolved over millennia. It is a culture that values wisdom, beauty, and harmony, and continues to influence the world in myriad ways. As China plays an increasingly significant role on the global stage, understanding its culture becomes more important than ever. It is a culture that, like the dragon, a symbol of strength and good fortune in Chinese mythology, continues to soar to new heights. 。
中国文化简介(英文版)课后习题答案
中国文化简介（英文版）课后习题答案 1Chapter 1答案1.Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1)c 2) b 3) a 4) d 5) c2.Fill in the blanks.6)Sumerian, Egyptian, Chinese characters7)red, rectangular, five stars8)form, sound, meaning9)family name, the given name, xing, shi, ming, zi3.Translate the following terms into English.10)a. the Imperial palace/the Forbidden City b. nature reserve c. autonomousregion d. special administrative region11) a. the Han nationality b. ethical tradition c. social status d. Chinese character4.Explain the following in English.12)paper making, printing, the compass and gunpowder.13)甲骨文，钟鼎文，小篆，隶书，楷书5.Answer the following questions.14)Chinese characters mainly have four ways of formation, namely pictographs,indicatives, ideographs and pictophonetic.15) A person ' nsing and zi were normally given by his or her elders. Hao wasdifferent from both ming and zi in that it was chosen by oneself rather than by others. A person often had more than one hao. Hao was not used to address one another but as a signature in one' poetic and artistic works. Hao usually revealed one ' s aspirations and moral values.16) A Chinese surname is generally composed of one character or syllable, such asZhang, Wu, Li, or Yang. There are also two-syllable, three-syllable or even four- syllable surnames, such as Ouyang, Zhuge, Sima, Gongsun, Zhukehun,Buliugu, Houmochen and Jingjiangliushi.Chapter 2答案1.Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1)c 2) d 3) a 4) d 5) a2.Fill in the blanks.6)221 B.C.7)Silk Road, Chang'an, Xinjiang, Mediterranean Sea8)Opium War9)Sun Yat-sen, feudal monarchical system3.Translate the following terms into English.10)a. the Paleolithic Era b. the Neolithic Age c. slave society d. Dream of RedMansions11)a. painted pottery b. the spring and Autumn Period c. socialist market economyd. Opium War4.Explain the following in English.12)During the reign of Emperor Wudi (Liu Che, r. 140-87 B.C.), the Han regimereached the period of its greatest prosperity: The emperor conquered theXiongnu nomads, and sent Zhang Qian as envoy to the Western Regions (Central Asia), and in the process pioneered the route known as the "Silk Road" from the Han capital Chang'an (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), through Xinjiang and onward, finally reaching the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea.13)During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, philosophy and otherbranches of scholarship were unprecedentedly thriving, with therepresentatives of various schools vying with each other in writing books to discuss politics and analyze society. Hence the appearance of a situation in which "a hundred schools of thought contended."5.Answer the following questions.14)The Opium War was the turning point in Chinese history in that it marked theclose of the ancient period and the beginning of the modern history.15)The reason why the construction of the Dujiang Dam was so important inChinese ancient times is that it made possible rationalized irrigationsupply, flood diversion and sand discharge.16)During his reign, Qin Shi Huang standardized the script, currencies, andweights and measures, established the system of prefectures and counties, and constructed the world-renowned Great Wall as well as a large palace,mausoleum and temporary regal lodges respectively in Xianyang, Lishan andother places. In addition, the life-size terracotta horses and armoredwarriors excavated from sites near the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang are known as the eighth wonder of the world.Chapter 3答案1．Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1.d 2) b 3) a 4) b 5) d2.Fill in the blanks.6)3000, 727)li, yi, yi8)Mo Zi9)Xun Zi, nature, materialism, atheism3.Translate the following terms into English.10)a. Confucianism b. ( Sun Wu’s ) the Art of War c. Confucian analects d. Second Sage11)a. the feudal landlord class b. conservatism c. the policy of benevolence d. the nine-squarefield system4.Explain the following in English.12)The six documents (The Six Classics) under Confucius compilation include Shi (The Book ofSongs), Shu (Collection of Ancient Texts), Li (The Rites), Yue (The Music), Yi (I Ching, or The Classic of Changes), andChun Qiu (The Spring and Autumn Annuals), which are considered as the classics of Confucianism.13)Mencius believed that human beings are good by nature. He held that this goodnessis innateand can be acquired without learning or thinking; one’ s natural goodness is presented by the exercise of benevolence, righteousness, proprieties and prudence. Evil comes into being when one rejects their natural goodness.5.Answer the following questions.14)According to Mencius, the ideal moral personality is that one should never be “ corruptedby neither riches nor honors, shaken by neither peorvty nor adversity, faltered by neither threats nor force ”.15)Han Feizi argued that human nature is basically selfish, and thus the social order can bemaintained only when the ruler imposes rules and his subjects must obey withoutquestioning and enforces them with strict punishments. As a moral and ethical system,“isrtehne ” central theme of Confucius Analects, which focuses on human love that is hierarchical and differentiated. Thus Confucius created his version of humanism. In his idea, human nature is partially good and partially evil. Based on “ ren ” , Confucoibujsected to the fantastic powers that confused the human spirit.16)As one of the greatest thinkers and educators in the history of China, Confucius contributionslie in the following three aspects. Firstly, he compiled and preserved literary works of three generations. The six documents (The Six Classics) under his compilation, including Shi (The Book of Songs), Shu (Collection of Ancient Texts), Li (The Rites), Yue (The Music), Yi(I Ching, or The Classic of Changes), and Chun Qiu (The Spring and Autumn Annuals), areconsidered as the classics of Confucianism. Secondly, Confucius established a system of philosophical thoughts with “ ren ” (benevolenaces)its fundamental virtue. Thirdly, Confucius established private schools and founded a systematic educational framework.Chapter 4答案1.Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1) d 2) d 3) b 4) b 5) c2.Fill in the blanks.6)naturalistic, primitive7)the simplicity, true nature, selfishness, desire8)Old Master9)the social order, individual freedom3.Translate the following terms into English.10)a. prehistoric times b. pessimism c. Taoism d. men-cosmos correspondence11)a. Chinese martial arts b. astrology c. Chinese alchemy d. social order4.Explain the following in English.12)compassion, moderation, and humility13)Mount Longhu (Mount Dragon and Tiger) in Jiangxi Province, Mount Qingcheng in Sichuan Province,Mount Wudang in Hubei Province, and Mount Qiyun in Anhui Province.5.Answer the following questions.14)The core of Lao Zi ' thought is "Tao'(the Way), by which he refered to the condition of theuniverse before the creation of the heaven and the earth. Therefore, it is from Tao that all the elements of the universe are derived. Reversal enables Tao to have a circular movement, that is, when the development of anything brings it to one extreme, a reversal to the other extreme takes place.15)Taoism is one of the most important religions in China, which refers to a variety of relatedphilosophical and religious traditions and concepts. These traditions have influenced East Asia for over two thousand years and some have spread to the West. As the native religion of China, Daoism, together with Confucianism and Buddhism, comprises the main body of traditional Chinese culture. Daoists, in pursuit of the ideal of becoming immortals by practicing Dao, made great efforts to transcend conventional wisdom about life and knowledge and thus helped both to define ancient science in China and to advance it through a great number of inventions. Chinese alchemy, astrology, cuisine, several Chinese martial arts, Chinese traditional medicine, fengshui, and many styles of qigong breath training disciplines have been intertwined with Daoism throughout history.16)Lao Zi ' s “ruling by non-action or inaction reflects the exploration of an intellectual forthe ultimate solution of the social order and individual freedom. His pursuit of vacuity and action through non-action echoes the reality of his time, a period torn by ceaseless wars among states. Lao Zi used the term broadly with simplicity and humility as key virtues, often in contrast to selfish action. On a political level, it means avoiding wars, harsh laws and heavy taxes. For him, it was more important to “see the simplicity, to realize one ' s true nature, to castselfishness, and to temper desireChapter 5答案1.Multiple choice (choose the best answer).1)c 2) c 3) a 4) a 5) d2.Fill in the blanks.6)the Han Dynasty, the Sui and Tang7)Confucianism, Taoism8)Wutai, the “ roof of northern China ”9)Buddhist temples, 76 temples, first3.Translate the following terms into English.10)a. Buddhism b. meditation c. Confucianism d. Buddhist temple11)a. the Great Buddha Hall b. Buddhist scripture c. joss stick d. summer resort4.Explain the following in English.12)The Four Wonders of Mount Emei are the “GolderSummit Sunrise " ：' Seof Clouds” ,“Buddha' s Halo " and the “Holy Lamp” .13)The Ten Schools of Chinese Buddhism are as follows:a.Reality School or Kosa School or Abhidharma School.b.Satysiddhi School or Cheng-se School.c.Three Sastra School or San-lun School.d.The Lotus School or T'ien-t'ai School.e.The Garland School or Hua-yen.f.Intuitive School or Ch'an School or Dhyana School.g.Discipline School or Lu School or Vinaya School.h.Esoteric School or Chen-yien School or Mantra School.i.Dharmalaksana School or Ch'u-en School or Fa-siang School.j.Pure-land School or Sukhavati School or Ching-t'u School.5.Answer the following questions.14)The cornerstone of Buddhist philosophy is the view that all life is suffering.15)the doctrine of Four Noble Truths refers to: life is suffering, the cause of suffering isdesire, the answer is to quench desire, and the way to this end is to follow the Eight-Fold Path, which consists of right knowledge, right thought, right speech, right behavior, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration.16)When Li Bai, famous Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty, was invited to Mount Jiuhua, he wasoverwhelmed by the scene of nine peaks that look like lotus blooms from heaven. Out of admiration he composed the lines: "Twcforces preserve between the World and the Heaven; Nine lotuses blossom on the Jiuhua Mountain. "Since then the mountain has been attracting men of letters throughout the ages, and thus Jiuhua obtained its fame.第二章中国文史小常识1、谥号是古代对死去的人按其生平事迹评定后，给予褒贬或屿的称号，谥号可与庙号结合，或为全称的组成部分，也可独立使用。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
文化概略期末考试答疑一、选择题。
Multiple Choice（20%）1. Which was the dynasty that first introduced the imperial examination system for recruiting civil service officials in ancient China?Answer: The Sui Dynasty.2. Of the four religions prevailing in China: Buddhism, Taoism, Islam and Christian ity, which one is the native born?Answer: Taoism3. Chinese people usually worship a number of deities that, they wish, will bring t hem blessings in their daily life. They enshrine and worship various gods in their home to meet their various need, They take such a deity just as an image of power r ather than a genuine religion. For example, they put up an image of the god of home guard on the door wishing to keep the security of the family. When they wish to ge t rich, they usually put up the god of ______in their home?Answer: Cai Shen or the god of wealth.4. What is the name of the god that people in the coastal region of Southeastern Ch ina worship and wish him to keep them safe at sea?A. MazuB. GuanyinC. BuddhaAnswer: A5. Buddhism was first introduced to China in the first century A.D. or so, when Emp eror Mingdi of the Eastern Han Dynasty was in rule. The first Buddhist temple in Ch inese history, built at Luoyang city, Henan Province, is called_______.Answer: Bai Ma Si (The Temple of White Horse)6. The great contemporary painter Qi Baishi was gifted with a fine arts power, being skillful in painting the images of fish, birds, flowers and insects. "The wonder of his works lies in somewhere between resemblance and dissemblance," vividly and l ively. His __________ is widely known in China.A. A cluster of shrimpsB. DonkeyC. Galloping HorsesAnswer: A7. True or False? Is Jasmine (茉莉花) a folk song of Jiangsu Province?Answer: True.8. Which minority ethnic group's dwelling community is called the hometown of peaco cks?A. Tujia nationalityB. Dai nationalityC. Hui nationalityD. Shui nationalityAnswer: B.9. What is the name of the mountain where the largest Chinese Taoist architectural complex is located?Answer: Wudang Mountain.29. According to wedding customs in ancient China, a bride was carried to a bridegroom's home by__________?A. Bridal sedan-chairB. a horseC. a carAnswer: Bridal sedan-chair.10. Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, which one is set to mark the famous p oet Quyuan?A. Dragon-boat FestivalB. Qingming FestivalC. Festival of the 8th of the lunar December.Answer: A. Dragon-boat Festival.11. Choose: "布衣" refers to:A. Ordinary peopleB. OfficialsC. SoldiersAnswer: An ordinary people12. The logo adopted for Olympic games in 2008 is a "Chinese seal". When were seals commonly used in China?A. Zhou DynastyB. Han DynastyC. Tang DynastyAnswer: A13. The Qin Dynasty first introduced the official system of using seals or stamps: The personal seal of the emperor was called imperial seal, the counselor-in-chief u sed gold seal, and various officials of the court used gold, silver or bronze seals according to their different ranks. Later, following dynasties in Chinese history generally inherited the same system. What kind of material was the imperial seal ma de of?A.GoldB. Jade.C. BronzeD. SilverAnswer: B14. Which of the following products were traditional exported ones in ancient China?A. GlassB.SilkC.PorcelainD.SugarAnswer: B, C.15. Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a world famous scientific work, whi ch gave a detailed description of the movable-type printing, in addition to the int roduction to the assembling of a compass. What work is it?Answer: Sketchbook of Dream Brook (梦溪笔谈)16.Exchanges between China and other countries and regions in ancient times had las ted for a long time, and during this long process of exchange China had learned var ious technologies from other countries. Which of the following technologies was int roduced to China from other countries?A. Glassmaking technologyB. Raising silkwormC. Wine brewing D Papermaking.Answer:A.17. Which of the following fruits does not originate from China?A. Peach.B.apricotC. water melonD.appleAnswer: C, D.18. Which of the following vegetables are introduced from other countries?A.PotatoB.Chinese cabbageC.sweet potatoD. tomatoAnswer: A. C. D.19. "Nostalgia seems to be a shallow channel; I am on this side, and the mainland o n the other." Who is the famous poet of Taiwan?Answer: Yu Guangzhong.20. What is the name of the archetypal Neolithic cultural site discovered in the su burbs of Xi'an in Shaanxi Province?Answer: The Banpo Cultural site.21. In China's mythology, who was the hero to separate heaven from earth?Answer: Pan Gu.22. In China's mythology, who created human beings?Answer: Nvwa.23. In China's historical legends, who was the first of the "Five Emperors"?Answer: Huangdi ( and the others were Zhuanxu, Diku, Yao, Shun).24. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people to fish and ra ise livestock?Answer: Fu Xi.25. In China's historical legends, who was the first to teach people farming and to taste and experiment with various types of herbal medicines?Answer: Yandi.26. Which two antiquate cities of China have been listed as "World Cultural Heritage Sites"?Answer: Lijiang in Yunnan, and Pingyao in Shanxi. (Picture: Lijiang and Pingyao)27. The main architectural structure in ancient China was ________________.A. A wooden frameworkB. A stone frameworkAnswer: A.28. One of the characteristics of China's antiquate architecture is _________.A. The distinguished difference of ranks in societyB. No differenceAnswer: A29. The Grand Canal was first opened during the ______ Dynasty.Answer: Sui.30. Which province has the largest number of minority ethnic group in China?A. GuangzhouB. ShaanxiC. SichuanD.YunnanAnswer: D.31. The smallest ethnic group in China has only a population of about 2300. What is this minority ethnic group called ?A. ShuiB. DerungC. LhobaD. PrimiAnswer: C.32. The first Chinese edition of The Bible was published in Malacca in 1823. The tr anslator of this edition was a famous British missionary. What is his name?Answer: Robert Morrison.33. The Indian Monk Bodhidharma came to China and in a temple he had kept still in meditation facing the wall for ten years, thus creating the Chinese Buddhist school "Chan or Zen Buddhism. What is the name of the temple?Answer: Henan's Shaolin Temple.二、判断题。