小升初形容词比较级详解

一、形容词的比较级

1、两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级+than强调"一方比另一方……"。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格

需要掌握的形容词比较级的形式：tall, taller, short, shorter, old, older, young, younger, strong, stronger, heavy, heavier, long, longer, thin, thinner, big, bigger, small, smaller.

2．形容词加er的规则：

⑴一般在词尾加er ；

⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；

⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

3．不规则形容词比较级：

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

一、比较级构成方式：

A．adj / adv + er / est

poor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest

B．词尾e + r / st

la rge→larger→largest fine→finer→finest

C．重读闭音节中短元音+ 辅音词尾→双写辅音词尾+ er / est.

big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest

D．辅音+ y→i + er / est

dry→drier→driest angry→angrier→angriest

E．多音节形容词及副词：

more + adj / adv most + adj / adv

F．不规则变化：

good / we ll→better→best

bad / ill→worse→worst

many / much→more→most

little→less→least

late→later→ / latest

late→latter→last

far→farther→farthest

far→further→furthest

【用法示例】

比较级用于二者相比较，由than构成比较状语从句：

（1）两个相比较的主语必须相对应。

... He looks stronger than I(do).

... The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing.

... My Schoolbag is larger than hers.

... The book is much more interesting than that one.

（2）两个形容词比较级由and连在一起，表示“越来越……”

... It is getting colder and colder.

... She is becoming more and more beautiful

.

（3）the .......the...... 表示“越……越……”

... The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be.

... The earlier we start, the sooner we'll get there.

（4）二者之比较。

而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest.

... I prefer the cheaper one of the two books.

... Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.

二、副词的比较级

1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)

⑴名词之前或be动词之后：形容词比较级＋名词ｂｅ动词＋形容词比较级

⑵副词在实义动词后：动词＋副词比较级

2．副词比较级的变化规则与形容词的相同(不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)

一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级

old__________ young________ tall_______ long________

short________ strong________ big________ small_______

fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________

nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________

low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________

late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______

二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：

1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.

2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.

3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.

4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.

5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.

6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.

7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.

8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.

9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.

10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..

11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?

12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?

13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.

14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).

15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.

三、翻译句子：

1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

________ is _________than Jim？________ are

2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.

________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.

3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。

_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.

4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。

_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______?

My ____________ ___________.

5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。

_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.

6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。

He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.

7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。

________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?

No, _________ _________ than him.

8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。

Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.