what后谓语单复数.doc
[全]高考高中英语语法：“主谓一致”考点一遍过
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高考高中英语语法：“主谓一致”考点一遍过在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就近一致三个方面上。
主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形式出题，在完形填空中也会有所涉及，总体难度系数较低，纵观近年的高考真题，主谓一致中的固定搭配是考查的重难点。
预计2022年高考仍会沿袭这一命题规律。
1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致；2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配；3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致；4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。
01高考主谓一致的知识结构一致原则考点详解例句语法一致1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.What he said is very important for us all.The children were in the classroom two hours ago.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.2. 由连接词and或both ……and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
Lucy and Lily are twins.She and I are classmates.The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.Both she and he are Young Pioneers.3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than，besides，including 等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。
语法一致原则语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
►To study French well is not easy.学好法语不容易。
►What he said is very important for us all.他说的话对我们大家很重要。
【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
►What I bought were three Chinese books.我买的是三本中文书。
►What I say and do are helpful to you.我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。
2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。
►Both she and he are middle school students.他和她都是中学生。
【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
►The writer and artist has come.那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。
►To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。
(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
►No boy and no girl likes it.男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
关于感叹句 what 和 how 的区别
关于感叹句what 和how 的区别：一、由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为不定冠词a/an,是：1.what +(a/an)+adj.+单数n.(+主语+谓语)！2.what +adj.+复数n.(+主语+谓语)！3.what +adj.+不可数n.(+主语+谓语)！如： 1. What a clever girl she is ! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！2. What beautiful flowers they are !3. What sweet music it is !二、由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么"副词（被强调部分）how4. How +adj.（+主语+ 4. How cold it is today!5. How +adv. (+主语+谓语) 5. How carefully she works!三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。
如：What a hot day it is! How hot the day is !主语和谓语往往略去不讲。
What a fine day!感叹句练习题1 ___________ clever girl she is!2 ___________ interesting story it is!3 ___________ lovely children they are!4 ____________ beautiful flowers they are!5 ___________ cold it is today!6 ____________bad the weather is!7 ____________bad news it is !8 ____________bright the sunshine is!9___________ hard he works！10 __________ delicious the dish is!11 __________ strange clothes he is wearing!12 ___________interesting subject it is!13 ___________ foggy it was yesterday!14____________ careless a boy you are!15 ___________ wonderful time we have had.16. Listen! __________wonderful music it is! I really enjoy it very much.17.____________wonderful music it is! I like Beethoven’s better than anybody else’s.18.____________warm weather it is today! Let’s go climbing.19．----_____________kind girl Nancy is!----Yes. She is always ready to help others.20. Let’s go out for doing sports. _____________sunny day!21._____________important English speech contest they are listening to!22.______----__it was yesterday because of the storm!A. What bad weatherB. What a bad weatherC. How bad a weatherD. How bad weather23._____tall the boy is! He can play volleyball very well.24. ______exciting news! We’ve never had _____long vacation before.A. What; such aB. How; such aC. What an; such a D what; so a 25_____ he writes.A. How goodB. How wellC. What goodD. What well26 _____ Li Lei runs!A. What fast boyB. What fastC. How fastD. How a fast27 Which is true?A How tall the buildings are!B What tall the buildings are!C How tall buildings they are!D what a tall buildings they are!28 _______ it is raining!A How heavilyB What heavyC How heavy29._______weather! I really enjoy it very much.A. How fineB. How fine aC. What a fineD. What fine30._____fun it is to play computer games when we’re free.A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How31. ----- I hear that an old couple are traveling around China by bike.-----Oh, ____long way on their bicycles! They are so great.A. What aB. HowC. How aD. What32. ----It’s reported that the 29th Olympic torch is going to travel to 135 cities around the world.-----_____exciting the news is! And it’ll arrive at the opening ceremony on August 8th, 2008.A. What aB. HowC. How aD. What。
谓语动词单复数用法
谓语动词单复数用法(总2页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除谓语动词单复数用法:主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here, there 引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
谓语动词单复数用法
谓语动词单复数用法:主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
谓语动词单复数用法
谓语动词单复数用法:主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
2019新外研版高二英语选择性必修三第四单元Using language语法学案
Xbook3 Unit 4---Using Language 学历案【课题与课时】课题：Unit 4 A glimpse of the future--Using Language课时量：One period【课标要求】帮助学生深入聚焦语言的意义和功能，使学生在真实语境下进行思考和交际，全方位提升综合语言运用能力。
【学习目标】1. Understand the form and basic usage of subject-verb agreement2. Use subject-verb agreement to finish text activities correctly.3. Pay more attention to the pragmatic functions of subject-verb agreement and further understand the agreement of the form and meaning of language, and thus learn to use them.一、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致[观察例句]1．Five minutes isn't enough to finish this work.2．Most of the workers are against the plan.3．A number of students have made up their minds to take part in afterschool activities.4．The number of students who have made up their minds to take part in the activity is 120.[归纳用法]1．表示时间、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
第五单元 What does she do
第五单元What does she do?她是做什么工作的？一．询问某人的职业三种句型：（1）W hat + do(复数)/does（单数）+主语+ do?What(特殊疑问词)+一般现在时态的一般疑问句形式？第二人称单复数(you)+第三人称复数(they)用:do第三人称单数（he+she+人的名字）用：does—What does your father do? 你父亲是干什么的? （父亲是第三人称单数）—He’s a doctor. 他是个医生｡—What do you do? 你是干什么的?—I am a taxi driver. 我是个出租汽车司机｡（2）What + be+主语？第二人称单复数（you）+第三人称复数（they）用：are第三人称单数（he+she）用：is—What are you? 你是干什么的？—I’m a teacher. 我是个教师。
—What’s your father? 你父亲是干什么的？—A worker (He is a worker). 工人。
（3）W hat’s+形容词性物主代词+ job？—What’s your job? 你的工作是什么？—A teacher. 老师。
二．询问别人将来想从事什么职业。
(1) What is/are +某人单数/复数+going to be?回答：某人单数/复数+is/are going to be+(a/an)+职业名词?What is Xiaoming going to be ?小明将来想从事什么职业？He is going to be a TV reporter.他想成为一名电视台记者。
(2) What do/does+主语+want to be?What does Mary want to be? 玛丽将来想从事什么职业？She wants to be a singer.她想成为一名歌手。
三．特殊疑问句：1．以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
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What we need ________ good books.
A: 错误
is
B: 正确
are
C: 错误
be
D: 错误
is going to
what引导的主语从句，谓语可视表语而定，表语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数；相反，则用
复数。
问题：主语从句不是谓语一律用单数吗？
若不是，那什么时候用单数，什么时候用复数呢？
其他的从句呢？
答：主语从句做主语，主句谓语动词的单复数需根据从句表示的单复数意义决定。
1．what引导的主语从句做主语
（1）通常情况下，由what引导的主语从句放在句首时，其后的谓语动词，按语法一致
的原则用单数。
What she said is correct.
What caused the accident is not clear.
（2）当主句中的表语是复数形式，或what从句的谓语动词及其补足语均为复数形式时，
主句的谓语动词应用复数。
What he gave me are five English books.
What are used as chief building materials today are steel and concrete.
（3）当what引导的主语从句是一个由and连接的并列结构时，应根据句意确定其表达的
单复数意义，然后决定主句谓语动词的单复数形式。
What he says and acts does not concern me.
What he says and acts do not agree.
What I say and what I think are no business of yours.
2．由其它词引导的从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Whether they will hold a party or not has not been decided.
Who is responsible for the accidents is not clear.
3．当同一个主语从句是由两个不同的引导词引导时，因为它表达的还是同一件事，因
此，谓语动词一般用单数。
When and where we should hold the meeting has not been decided yet.
4．当主语是由两个由and连接的主语从句组成，通常表示的是两件不同的事情，主句谓语动词需用复数形式。
What you eat and how much you exercise are important factors in a weight loss program. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.。