浅谈英语拟声词及其翻译
英语拟声词的运用与翻译分析
＠Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｔ ｒ ａ ｉ ｎ ｃ ｌ ａ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｄ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｏ ｆ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｓ ｔ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎ ．
火车哐哐唧唧驶 出车站 。 同样的 ，英语 原文中不同的拟声 词在汉语 中可译成 同一
拟声词 。
（ 二） 转 译 法
收音机 的声音在扰乱大家。 （ 四） 添加拟 声词 英语 原文 中没有拟声词 ， 汉译时可添加有 关的拟声 词 ， 以
扑， 扑 ……屋顶上有水滴在泥地上 。
２ 、 英汉两种语 言 中， 有时 同一个 拟声词可 以根 据不 同的 语境译作不 同的拟声词 ，如英语拟声词 ｃ ｌ ａ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｒ 的汉译法有 以
①Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｗ ｉ ｎ ｄ ｗ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｐ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｄ ｉ ｎ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｓ ．
风在松林中飒飒作 响。
是 因为它们本身某些字母 的发音能象征 某种概念 或意境 、 气 氛， 使人引起联想 。
（ 三） 英语原文 中有拟 声词 ， 汉译 时不用拟声词 １ 、 拟声词 可以描绘大 干世界 的各 种各样的声音 ， 按照 其 模拟事物 的不同 ，通常可分为模 拟人类 、动物及 自然界的声
产生音义之间的相互联想 。在 生活中人声 、 物声 、 水声 和动物 加语 。例如 ： ①Ａ ｒ ｙ ｓ ｔ ａ ｌ ｔ ｅ ａ ｒ － ｄ ｒ ｏ ｐ ｐ ｌ ｏ ｐ ｐ ｅ ｄ ｄ ｏ ｗ ｎ ｏ ｎ ｔ ｏ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｌ ｅ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｒ ． 叫声等声音随处可闻。 当听到一种熟悉的声 音 ， 立刻就会 联想 颗晶莹的泪珠扑地滴在信纸上。（ 动词附加语 ） 到拟声词源 ， 并对之产生丰富联想 。 英语 中拟声词往往不仅是
拟 声两种 。翻译时 需根据 不同语音 、 语法、 语义、 语境而译。正确 、 恰 当地 运用和翻 译拟 声词 ， 可 以渲染 气氛 、 烘托 意
英语中拟声词的翻译译法
A. 英语原⽂中有拟声词，汉译时也⽤拟声词 英语原⽂中的拟声词在汉语中可译成相同的拟声词： （1） A turkey gobbles.⽕鸡咯咯叫。
（2） A wolf howls/growls. 狼嚎。
（3） A bee hums.蜜蜂嗡嗡地叫。
（4） A bull bellows. 公⽜哞哞地叫。
（5） A sparrow twitters. ⿇雀吱吱喳喳叫。
有时也可译成不同的拟声词： （1） The train clattered out of the station.⽕车哐唧哐唧驶出车站。
（2） The shutters clattered in the wind.百叶窗在风中劈劈啪啪作响。
（3） The girls clattered away at their luncheon.午餐时⼥孩们咭咭呱呱地谈个不停 （4）The dishes and bowls slid together with a clatter.碟⼦碗碰得丁丁当当响。
有时，英语原⽂中不同的拟声词在汉语中也可译成同⼀拟声词： （1） The thunder rolled in the distance. 远处雷声隆隆。
（2） There came the hum of machines. 传来了机器的隆隆声。
（3） The offices were quite. Far below I could hear the rumble of tube trains carrying commuters to the west end.各办公室都很静，我可以听到地底下的隆隆声，那是地铁在运送通勤⼈员去西区。
将英语的拟声词译成汉语的拟声词，有时可保持原⽂中拟声词的词性及其在句⼦中的成分，例如： （1） Whee-ee-ee! Whee-ee-ee! The police whistles shrilled suddenly."的！的！"突然警笛响了。
英语动物拟声词及其翻译
英语动物拟声词及其翻译摘要:英语动物拟声词有着极其丰富的内容,有直接拟声与间接拟声两种基本类型。
汉语动物拟声词通常比较简单笼统,而英语动物拟声词则既丰富多采又具体生动。
对动物拟声词进行比较研究,有助于翻译的正确性。
关键词:拟声词;动物;翻译Abstract :The English animal onomatopoeia has substantial content and can be divided into primary onomatopoeia and secondary onomatopoeia. Different from the Chinese animal onomatopoeia which is rather simple and vague , the English version ismore vivid and specific. Making comparative studies between the two will be of great significance to the accuracy of translation from one to the other.Key words :onomatopoeia ; animal ; translation一、引言英语与汉语虽然属于两种不同的语言系统,但是都有着丰富的拟声词。
英语拟声(onomatopoeia) 与汉语修辞格拟声完全相同,都是模拟事物自然声音的一种构词方法。
各种动物的声音在经验世界中随处可闻,动物拟声词也就应运而生。
动物拟声词在英语拟声词中占有很重要的份额,它比汉语动物拟声词还要丰富多样。
汉语动物拟声词往往用简单和笼统的一个“叫”字来表述,而英语一般都用专门的拟声词来表达各种不同动物的叫声。
正确地翻译动物拟声词,能够烘托气氛、显示意境、增强声势和实地情景感,使平淡的句子变得鲜活生动、富有情趣,创造出一种使人身临其境、如闻其声的氛围,达到传声达情和闻声解意的语用目的。
大学英语专业毕业论文【浅谈英语拟声词的特点与翻译 】
Ⅰ. IntroductionOnomatopoetic word is a kind of vocabulary simulating sound of the nature and a component that all languages must own. It imitates noises of human beings, animals and things so as to increase languages of vividness, iconicity of the word-formation and rhetoric methods. As an indispensable figure of speech in rhetoric, onomatopoeia has a long history and is widely used in common discourse and literary works (Jiang and Zhong, 2008:277). An ancient Greek natural philosopher once remarked: There is no doubt that onomatopoetic words are the oldest word-formation of human in the world and the core of the whole vocabulary as well as the foundation of formation and development of language (Liu, 1998:143).Ⅱ. Classification of English Onomatopoetic WordsIn English, there are numerous onomatopoetic words that are composed of imitating sounds of all things whether they are animate or inanimate. According to the meaning of sound, onomatopoetic words can be divided into two categories, which are primitive onomatopoetic word and secondary onomatopoetic word (Wang and Li, 1983:47).2.1 Primitive Onomatopoetic WordPrimitive onomatopoetic word’s phonetic coincides briefly with its semantic, which makes people associate its sound with its meaning directly. Primitive onomatopoetic word can be subdivided into the words that simply imitating the sound but not representing the object itself and imitating the sound as well as the object itself. According to its origin, the former refers to simulating voices of human beings, such as ouch, ow, giggle, shoo, hum, chatter, chuckle etc.; and simulating voices of animals, such as a mew of cat, a drone of bee, a croak of frog, a gaggle of goose, a neigh of horse, a baa of sheep, a oink of pig, a growl of tiger and the like; as well as simulating sound of objects like click, clack, clink, clang, ding dong, hoot, putter, squash and so forth. The latter initially refers to imitating a sound to come into being, and then the meaning of the word has further developed and transformed into analog sound and the object itself. There are three good examples:(1) To begin with, cuckoo imitated a kind of bird’s sound, afterward, refers to the bird, gowk.(2) Cricket imitated the sound of an insect, and then it means the insect, gryllid.(3) Ping- pong to which we are familiar can refer to both the voice of ball and the sport, table tennis.In a word, this kind of onomatopoeia associated pronunciation with the meaning of theword, and its sound can refer to the object itself.2.2 Secondary Onomatopoetic wordSecondary onomatopoetic word refers to an association between pronunciation and meaning, and its phonetic is a symbol of semantic to produce onomatopoetic words. This kind of onomatopoeia, unlike primitive onomatopoetic word, do not directly imitate sound of things to come into being, but by means of symbol to create a word. In English, this word is considered as having onomatopoetic function, because the pronunciation of the letter phoneme or phoneme combination in the word is particularly fitted for expressing a certain meaning, symbolic of a concept or a scene, thus arousing people to produce association. A case in point is that [m], a low nasal, is a symbol of low voices, such as: murmur, mutter, mumble, moan, hum and so on. So the Onomatopoetic words containing the phoneme of [m] just right accorded with the symbolic speech sound. And as words, ending with the three letters, -ump, may indicate a heavy impact like dump, thump, bump, lump, clump etc..III. The Characteristics and Functions of English Onomatopoetic WordsEnglish onomatopoetic word by imitating, drawing and rendering voice of all living things to stimulate people’s hearing and to cause people produce symbolic association can enhance the vividness and iconicity of language expression and gives people a kind of true voice and being personally on the scene (Li and Liu, 2009:164). There are four main characteristics in the onomatopoetic word.3.1 The FlexibilityFirst, it has flexibility. According to the general understanding, onomatopoetic words have taken shape by imitating sounds, but people ’s pronunciation organs can not accurately simulate all kinds of sounds, and different nationalities in the perception and simulation of sound is also not same. Taking the cry of a cock for instance, it is “喔喔喔”in Chinese, “cocorico” (Meng, 1994:561) in French, “Kikeriki” (Deng, 2003:716) in German, and “cock - a - doodle - doo” in English. The Onomatopoeia not only shows different forms in different languages, but also it is used very flexibly in the same language. Its flexibility performs: First of all, the same onomatopoeia can express different sounds. For example: in English, “roar” can refer to people’s laugh and cry of pain, the growls of lion and tiger, the wheeze and asthma of horse due to disease, the sound of storms and waves and the thrumming of the engines and so on. And “scream” means the sound of wind, a shrill whistle and the shriek of human and animals. Secondly, the same voice in English can be expressed by different onomatopoetic words.Looking at this example: These words, arf arf, bay, bow bow, growl and yip yip, can be used to express barking of dog. And the expression of the sound of clock or bell has more than 20 words like chime, chink, clang, clangor, clank, clink etc.. Of course, there are thousands of sounds in the world, and dictionaries can not include all voices whether any languages, English or Chinese, must create new words to express.3.2 The UniversalitySecondly, it has universality. The onomatopoeia is widely used in literatures, idioms, proverbs, daily conversations, news reports and other aspects. From A Comprehensive Dictionary Of English Idioms And Phrases compiled Xiamen university to A Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English edited by Qin Xiubai, we can see clearly that many idioms and phrases come from onomatopoetic words. From various literary works to news reports, we can also see extensive use of onomatopoeia. A writer once remarked: the use of onomatopoeia is everywhere. W e might as well have a look at the following examples:(1) There is no retreat but in Submission and Slavery ! Our chains are forged ! Their clanking may be heard on the plains of Boston !The two sentences come from a moving speech of the Virginia parliament made by the progressive of Patrick Henry during the American Revolution. Using of the onomatopoetic word, clanking, can give people great courage and power and boost inspiration of the speech as if the audience were there and saw slaves wearing heavy chains. The situation having been getting worse and worse, they must immediately take effective measures without any hesitation.(2) One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ears.The three onomatopoetic words, tinkling, banging and clashing, have taken on a hustling and bustling scene in Eastern Bazaar, a bronze market. The three words would make readers feel a festive ambiance and scene.(3) My souls, how the wind did scream along! And every second or two there's come a glare that lit up the white caps for half a mile around, and you'd see the islands looking dusty through the rain and the trees thrashing around the wind, then comes a h-whack-bum! Bum bumble -umble-umbue-bum-um and the thunder would go rumbling and grumbling away, and quit -and the rip comes flash and another sockdolager (Twain, 2009:164).In the above paragraph, the writer, Mark T wain, used rhetoric of onomatopoeia and metaphor to vividly portray thunder. The word of crash shows a single sharp thunder, then “rumbling” and “grumbling”, a prolonged shriek of thunder, and then the “tumbling” and “rolling”, a long rumble and slow vanishing thunder.3.3 The IconicityThirdly, it has iconicity. The onomatopoetic word not only imitates sounds but also gives person a feeling of concrete, iconicity, vividness. Therefore, its widespread application has enlarged the English vocabulary. On the other hand, it increases charm of language. As the description of “wind”, we can see the following sentences:(4)The wind swirled and howled in the valley.(5)The wind whistle through the street.(6)A stirring blast of wind came and the leaves rustled.Wind” in the above sentences did neither simply blow nor a fixed voice. “Swirl”, “howl”, “stir” and “rustle”are the direct and indirect description of wind to make person hear the sound as if he was personally on the scene.Next, it has reverse. Some onomatopoeia in long term use has gradually lost its onomatopoeia significance and directly become the concept meaning of the word, even converted into verbs. For example:(7) The rain pattered all night.(8) A rock splashed down into the river.(9) Rainsford had not been entirely clear-headed when the chateau gates snapped shut behind him.In the above three sentences, the onomatopoetic words, patter, splash and snap, have completely transformed noun into verb, however, it is easy to see that they still have a very strong echoic element.3.4 The CreativityFinally, it has creativity. Onomatopoetic words mainly imitate sounds of the nature, but because human beings are the subject of social activities and can use ears and brains to feel and interpret as well as distinguish different sounds, even make a variety of sounds. Therefore, some new words do not mimic natural sounds, but human beings imagine sound to convey or express one's tender feeling as so to enhance the expression of language. Let’s take a look for the following sentences:(10) My day crackled ane were up in smoke.(11) His thoughts rattled through all the things and therefore he could not go to sleep though he lay in bed for six hours.In example (10), the “crackled” means a sharp and rapid slight voice, especially the sound of fuel or crackling in fire; and “my day” is compared to fuel, like disappearing smoke, which means I passed without any success those days. The metaphor was hit off and very successful. In example (11), thoughts wouldn't rattle even pass through things just in that the onomatopoetic word of rattle serves as thoughts of the predicate verb, then activates the abstract noun, thoughts, which not only can make sound, but also pass through.Two examples in the above succeeded in using onomatopoeia to flirt by the sound. The matter that cannot make voices was vividly portrayed. And making the sound, shape, meaning and feelings melts in a furnace and greatly enhances the expression of literal.IV. The Translation Skills of English Onomatopoetic WordsAccording to the characteristics and functions of onomatopoeia, we can easily make sense of the meaning of onomatopoetic word in various situations and also be more idiomatic translation of onomatopoeia in the sentence. T o sum up, Several methods like direct transliteration，converted translation and added translation are used to translate English onomatopoetic words.4.1 The Direct TransliterationPeople living in the same world have experienced the similar or same nature life. Therefore, simulating the sound of people, animals, or nature is same or similar in most cases. That is to say, for the same object making the sound, there is a basic correspondence and rough equivalence between Chinese and English. So when translating English onomatopoeia into Chinese, we can use the method of direct transliteration according to the sound of Chinese onomatopoeia (Liu, 2007:151-154). For example:（12）Pooh! What do you take me for? (呸! 你把我当成什么人了? )（13）The stream went gurgling on. (溪水潺潺地流。
english culture--拟声词翻译
拟声词又叫象声词，是用于模拟各种声响的词。
拟声词在英汉语言中都有。
《诗经》第一首诗第一句就有“关关雎鸠”，其中“关关”便是模仿鸟鸣的拟声词。
《木兰辞》中“唧唧复唧唧”的“唧唧”便是模仿织布机的声音。
英语中的拟声词也是俯拾即是。
如crash(哗啦)，clash(当啷)，splash(扑通)，croak(呱呱),yelp(汪汪)等，都是人们日常经常使用的拟声词。
英汉语中的拟声词丰富形象，极大地增强了英语和汉语表现力的多样性和生动性，成为这两种语言宝库中的璀璨明珠。
一、英汉拟声词对比(一）构成比较拟声造词是拟声词独特的构词方法。
如giggle(咯咯地笑)，twitter(叽叽喳喳地讲，吱吱叫)，hiss(蛇、沸水等嘶嘶作声)，rustle(树叶、纸等沙沙作响)，baa(羊等咩咩叫)，quack(鸭子嘎嘎地叫)，bang(砰砰作响)……从语言学角度讲，语音是拟声词的载体及原始形态。
研究拟声词的构成离不开对其语音成分的分析。
拟声词的语音构成是有一定规律可循的。
一般来说，/s/表示如蛇、沸水等的嘶嘶声；/l/表示流畅、欢快的声音，如小溪流水声等；/m/，/n/表示郁闷、沉长的声音;/k/,/*/表示急促、尖锐的声音。
元音也一样,单元音、双元音和三元音柔和、婉转，短元音急促、粗硬(黄任，1996)。
以gr-开始的音指沉闷而令人不快的声音，如growl, grunt等；以h-开始的音则有猛烈的意思，如hack, hunt 等；而以-ump结尾的一些单词有重、厚、沉闷的意思，如clump, dump, hump, thump, stump等。
英汉语中都有单音节、双音节、三音节和四音节的拟声词，且均是双音节居多、单音节次之、三音节和四音节的词最少。
汉语中有些双音节词是通过重叠单音节词而来，如：哗哗、嗖嗖、刷刷、嘟嘟。
有的三音节词是通过重复双音节词的最后一个音节而来的，如：呼啦啦、哗啦啦、呼噜噜。
有的四音节词是通过分别重叠两个音节而来，如：叽叽喳喳、淅淅沥沥等。
翻译中的拟声词
英语知识翻译中接触拟声词极为频繁。
英语中有些拟声词与其相应的汉语拟声词同音或近音。
如下面英译中的拟声词: 英语汉语ticktack(= tictak) (钟表的)滴嗒声ticktock(= tictoc) (尤指大钟的)滴嗒声toot 喇叭、号角、笛子等的嘟嘟声tootoo(= too too) (平板单调而短促的)嘟嘟声dingdong 丁当声，丁冬声pit-a-pat(= pitter-patter) 劈劈啪啪声、卜卜声miaow(= miaou, meow, mew） (猫的叫声)瞄嘀声，咪咪声cuckoo (布谷鸟的叫声)咕咕声coo (鸽的叫声)咕咕声moo (牛的叫声)!牟眸声howl (狼狗等的)嚎叫声ping-pong (乒乓球的)乒乓声ho tallyho 嗬声haw-haw(= ha-ha) 哈哈shoo-shoo 嘘嘘bang 砰砰sough 飕飕声，飒飒声rustle 沙沙声，瑟瑟声sizz 咝咝声plump 扑通声上述英汉谐音拟声词可用等值法或近值法翻译，彼此直接还原。
北京天译时代翻译公司整理发布。
作为一个会议口译译员，应该全面发展，不仅能搞同声传译工作，也要能搞即席传译工作，二者缺一不可。
由于同声传译比即席传译更加容易学习和掌握（这点恐怕同很多人的想象相反），所以，作为初学者，在掌握即席传译技术以前，最好先搞一段时间的同声传译工作。
也就是说，应该先到只使用同声传译的会议上去工作。
但是，在实际工作中，这种只使用同声传译的会议是很少的。
由于工作需要，绝大多数会议总免不了要建立若干个委员会、工作组、起草组等附属机构。
这些机构往往在没有同声传译设备的小会议室里开会，这就需要进行即席传译了。
遇到这种情况，所有搞同声传译工作的译员，都可能被抽调到这些附属机构中去担任即席传译工作。
如果某些人做不到这一点，那么他们的那份工作就要不合理地落到他们的同事身上，给别人增加负担。
所以，在大学的翻译系或翻译学校里，都把同声传译和即席传译的全面发展作为培养学生的标准，达不到这一标准，就不能取得毕业证书。
英语动物拟声词及翻译
笼统称法专词表达拟声译文
牛叫An ox lows (bellows) A bull lows (bellows)公牛吼叫(哞哞叫) A cow moos (boos, lows) 母牛哞哞叫 A calf bleats 小牛咩咩叫
羊叫A goat bleats. 山羊咩咩叫 A sheep baas. 绵羊咩咩叫 A lamb bleats (baas). 小羊咩咩(叫)
About Translation
英语动物拟声词及翻译
英语动物拟声词可 以分为两种类型:
直接拟声( Primary Onomatopoeia) 间接拟声( Secondary Onomatopoeia)
直接拟声
直接拟声指的是动物的声音与意义基本吻合,能够 直接产生音义之间的相互联想。英语中许多表示 动物鸣叫声的词是直接拟声,它与汉语的拟声词存 在许多相同之处,在发音上十分接近。如猫叫声,英 语拟声词为mew , miaow , 汉语拟声词为“喵”; 鸽子的叫声,英语拟声词为coo ,汉语拟声词为“咕 咕”;鸭子的叫声,英语拟声词为quack ,汉语拟声词 为“呱呱”;鹅的叫声,英语拟声词为cackle ,汉语 拟声词为“咯咯”;青蛙的叫声,英语拟声词为 croak ,汉语拟声词为“嗝嗝”。这类拟声词摹拟 动物的发音,英语与汉语基本上相同或相近,翻译时 只要借助汉语的习惯表达法,就能够使读者达到动 物如在s. 鸭子呱呱叫
鹅叫A goose cackles (gabbles , gaggles) . 鹅 咯咯叫(嘎嘎叫) A wild goose honks. 野鹅鸣叫 狮子叫A lion roars. 狮子吼叫 老虎叫A tiger growls (roars) . 老虎咆哮(吼叫) 狼叫A wolf howls (growls) . 狼嗥叫 象叫An elephant trumpets. 象吼叫
中英拟声词介绍
中英拟声词介绍A cat miaows /mews/purrs.猫"喵喵"叫。
狗bark. bark除了有"犬吠"的意思外，还有"树皮"的意思。
另外还有yap（汪汪叫）想一下不停的狗吠是不是很招人烦，所以yap这个词另外的意思就是"吵嚷"。
另外yelp 和snarl也是常用来形容狗叫的。
A dog yaps/ yelps/ barks/ snarls.狗吠。
quack这个词除了用来形容鸭子叫之外还可以用来指"江湖医生，庸医。
"记住了这个quack害人真是不浅呀。
A cock crows.公鸡啼。
这个crow的意义可非同一般，"公鸡啼鸣"它表示新的一天又开始了。
还记得红楼梦里薛蟠哼的那首打油诗吗？"一个苍蝇嗡啊嗡，一个蚊子哼啊哼。
"它们的声音听起来真是令人讨厌。
英语里又是用什么词来形容它们的声音呢？只要这两个词就可以了：buzz(嗡嗡)hum（哼哼） A fly hums/ buzzes/ drones.苍蝇"嗡嗡"叫。
A bee/ mosquito hums/ buzzes.蜂/蚊子"嗡嗡"叫。
这里hum除了尤指蜜蜂发"嗡嗡"(a continuous buzz)声，发"哼哼"声外，还可以用来指人等"闭嘴哼唱"，如：hum a song 哼一首歌。
A chick cheeps/ pips/ pules/ peeps.小鸡"叽叽"叫。
A bird/ sparrow twitters /chirps/ chirrups.鸟/麻雀"唧唧喳喳"叫。
A rat squeaks.耗子"唧唧"叫。
A calf/lamb/goat bleats.小牛/小羊/山羊叫。
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意译法
• 即在翻译的过程中,有时候我们需要将英语拟声词 翻译成汉语中其它种类的词(如描述动作或形象的 词）以下是拟声词意译的两种情形。 • (1)将英语拟声词翻译成汉语其它种类的词(即:在 英语原文中有拟声词,但是在相应的汉语翻译中没 有拟声词)。 • (2)在翻译中加入拟声词。有时候,在英语原文中并 不存在拟声词,但是作为文学作品,其表现力是非常 重要的。为了有助于提高其表现力,我们可以在符 合语言习惯的前提下在翻译中加入拟声词。
浅谈英语拟声词及其翻译
Will Hunting
Team 2
Introduction
• 英汉两种语言中都含有十分丰富的拟声词 (onomatopoeia)。英语拟声词和汉语拟声词一样, 都将声音表达得惟妙惟肖,它们都是模拟声音的一 种构词方法。在语言当中,拟声词如果使Байду номын сангаас恰当的 话可以很好地烘托气氛,使得所使用的文字更加生 动、形象。英语和汉语的拟声词应用都很广泛,它 们有相同之处,不少拟声词在翻译中都可以找到对 应词;但是英语和汉语的拟声词又各有特点,在具 体运用上差别很大,因此,在翻译中要特别注意处 理拟声词的问题。
Definition of Onomatopoeia
• 拟声词(Onomatopoeia)是利用词的发音模 仿人、动物或其它物体声音特征的修辞手 段,可以加强语言的直观性、形象性、生动 性,具有较强的表现力和感染力,能够产生 一种如闻其声、如见其人、身临其境的效 果。简单地说,拟声词就是人模仿自然界的 声音。
What have you learnt from this course
?
Team Work
• We heared the machine whirr. • The frogs in the fields Outside the town were croaking cheerfully. • There were no sounds but that of the tread of the men and the footsteps of the two(shaggy)ponies which drew the van.
• (2)将英语拟声动词、名词或动词派生 词翻译成汉语动词或者名词附加语。 此时往往可把原文中的英语拟声动词、 拟声名词或拟声动词派生词转译成汉 语拟声动词附加语或拟声名词附加语 (即汉语中的形容词或副词)。
• (3)将不同的英语拟声词翻译成相同的 汉语拟声词或者将同一个英语拟声词 翻译成不同的汉语拟声词。有时候,不 管是在英语还是汉语中,同一个拟声词 都可以指代不同物体发出的不同声音。 当我们在翻译的时候,英语中的同一个 词指代不同种类的声音是很平常的,然 而在汉语中,我们通常有各种不同的特 殊词语来指代它们。反之亦然
• 咯咯地笑 giggle 呜咽;悲叹;呻吟 moan • 狗叫 bark;yep 牛叫bleat • 公鸡crow 鸭 quack • 蛙croak 蛇hiss • 敲门声rat-tat 钟摆的声音 tik-tok
翻译方法
• 直译法 • 直译是指直接将英语中的拟声词翻译成中 文中对应拟声词的方法。如果对直译进行 更加详细的划分,有三种情况。 • (1)英语拟声词在句中独立使用,不作为所 在句中的任何语法成分。此种情况下,只需 把英语原文中作独立成分使用的拟声词相 应地译成汉语作独立成分使用的拟声词即 可。
• We heared the machine whirr. 我们听到了机器声 • The frogs in the fields outside the town were croaking cheerfully 青蛙在城郊田野里起劲的叫着 • There were no sounds but that of the tread of the men and the footsteps of the two(shaggy)ponies which drew the van。 那时候,除了人们沙沙的脚步声和那两匹(毛发蓬松 的)拉车的小马得得的马蹄声外,什么别的声音都没 有。
Classification
• 我们根据不同种类的生物对拟声词进 行分类,有五种类型的拟声词。 • 1.人类的声音 • 2.走兽的声音 • 3.禽类的声音 • 4.昆虫爬行类的声音 • 5.模仿事物和动作的声音
Activities
尝试着翻译常见的拟声词 • 咯咯地笑 呜咽;悲叹;呻吟 • 狗叫 牛叫 • 公鸡 鸭 •蛙 蛇 • 敲门声 钟摆的声音