大学英语四级分类综合模拟1试卷.doc
大学英语四级分类综合模拟1试卷
[模拟] 120
Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好)可以胜任学生会主席的工作，
(2) 如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么。
______________
Part ⅡCloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Street food is food that is prepared, sold and eaten on city streets. Street food is an important part of the___1___of people in developing countries. An___2___2,500 million people worldwide eat street food. This kind of food is___3___in cost, tasty, nutritious and easy to serve, it is designed for the lives of busy people in large cities.
But buyers must be careful___4___health risks. Street food sellers in developing countries often___5___the storage, cooking and cooling equipment necessary to___6___the formation of dangerous bacteria.___7___some conditions, a single bacterium can grow into seventeen-million disease-carrying organisms in just eight hours. The lack of clean___8___water and waste removal systems also___9___the risk of infection.
The Food and Agriculture Organization is leading an effort to make street food___10___.___11___the past fifteen years, it has helped officials___12___street food in more than twenty cities worldwide.___13___, FAO officials have been working___14___the South African government___15___such a project. The UN agency produced a food safety teaching___16___for public health officials. The guide offers suggestions___17___how to prepare food___18___. A videotape shows___19___producing safe food results in___20___business.
第1题：
A.dinners
B.diets
C.meals
D.drinks
第2题：
A.investigated
rmed
C.estimated
D.assumed
第3题：
A.low
B.high
C.good
D.poor
第4题：
A.for
B.about
C.on
D.of
第5题：
A.keep
B.prepare
ck
D.need
第6题：
A.help
B.promote
C.stop
D.prevent
第7题：
A.With
B.On
C.Under
D.For
第8题：
A.running
B.dripping
C.pumping
D.flowing
第9题：
A.removes
B.relieves
C.increases
D.reduces
第10题：
A.poorer
B.nicer
C.better
D.safer
第11题：
A.Over
B.By
C.With
D.For
第12题：
A.improve
B.produce
C.reduce
D.introduce
第13题：
A.Furthermore
B.However
C.For example
D.Consequently
第14题：
A.for
B.with
C.towards
D.at
第15题：
A.in
B.for
C.with
D.on
第16题：
A.guide
B.book
C.guidance
D.paper
第17题：
A.to
B.on
C.of
D.with
第18题：
A.fast
B.deliciously
C.safely
D.carefully
第19题：
A.how
B.what
C.when
D.why
第20题：
A.improved
B.decreased
C.developed
D.increased
Part Ⅲ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
第21题：
The substance does not dissolve in water ______ (不管是否加热)。
第22题：
Not only ______ (他向我收费过高) but he didn't do a god repair job either. 第23题：
Your losses in trade this year are nothing ______ (与我的相比)。
第24题：
On average, it is said, visitors spend only ______ (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.
第25题：
By contrast, American mothers were more likely ______ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.。
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级测验模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choiceof refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying ove rhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, te chnology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themsel ves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps chang e the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a res ponsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered fina ncial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags t o riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was a n unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success wi thout much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial suc cess is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be e ven more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans' attitudesC) higher education D) American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public education C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.A growing world population and the discoveries of science may alter this pa ttern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, co ntrol floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; andin consequence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 ther e were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought u nder cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some ar eas the accessible land is so intensively cultivated that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farmin g methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industri al occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern metho ds. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the outpu t of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of cro ps are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dr y-farming methods bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide el ectric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to s uit particular soils; aeroplanes spray crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised to increase or to protect the fo od of the world.31. The author says that the world population is growing because _____.A) there are many rich valleys and fertile plainsB) the pattern of distribution is being alteredC) people are living longerD) new land is being brought under cultivation32. The author says that in densely populated areas the land might be more productively farmed if _____.A) the plots were subdividedB) a large part of the people moved to a different part of the countryC) industrial methods were used in farmingD) the units of land were made much larger33. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been made possible by _____.A) producing new strains of cropsB) irrigation and dry-farming methodsC) providing fertilizersD) destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word "strains"?A) types B) sizes C) seeds D) harvests35. The author's main purpose is to _____.A) argue for a belief B) describe a phenomenonC) entertain D) propose a conclusion Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatu res-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, no t otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways th at produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning th e head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned respon se with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as you ng as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movem ent "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of lear ning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to wat ch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display c ame on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights wh ich pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which . A) are direc tly related to pleasure B) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of success D) will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in o rder to .A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something i s a reflection of .A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complex problemsD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skillsPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each senten ce there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer S heet with a single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go out and pick flower on the first day of spring.A) case B) custom C) habit D) precedent42. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the .A) hire B) fare C) rent D) salary43. I've made an for you to see the dentist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A) appointment B) interview C) opportunity D) assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A) short B) certain C) one thing D) sure45. the weather is concerned, I do not think it matters.A) So long as B) So far as C) As long as D) So far46. The continuous rain set the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.A) off B) back C) down D) about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A) in B) over C) down D) up48.The mother made a shirt for the boy out of the of the cloth.A) odd and end B) odd and ends C) odds and end D) odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A) over B) ready C) rid of D) used to50. George's ability to learn from observations and experience greatly to h is success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A) nodded B) indicated C) figured D) guessed52. They are staying with us the time being until they find a place of thei r own.A) during B) for C) since D) in53. 100 competitors had the race.A) put their names for B) entered forC) put themselves for D) taken part54. He me by two games to one.A) beat B) conquered C) gained D) won55. They have put the bird in a cage to it from flying away.A) avoid B) prevent C) forbid D) control56. In recent years, new buildings have up like mushrooms in the city.A) jumped B) sprung C) leapt D) put57. I from among the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten years.A) figured out B) picked out C) realized D) picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, but it's turned out that I was wrong.A) arrive B) amount to C) reach for D) add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A) anyhow or other B) anyhow or anotherC) somehow or other D) somehow or another60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A) play a joke on B) play outC) play into the hands of D) play at61. We existed on nothing but the necessities.A) empty B) bare C) hollow D) undressed62. The seasons change, independent anyone's wishes.A) on B) to C) with D) of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A) misled B) lost C) delayed D) damaged64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A) in B) for C) with D) from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A) to B) for C) toward D) of66. We must manage to do our work better with people.A) less money and few B) less money and fewerC) little money and less D) few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English evening.A) more pleased than to come B) more pleased to come thanC) more than pleased to come D) more pleasing than to come68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious accident.A) ought to drive B) oughtn't do driveC) ought to have driven D) oughtn't to have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.A) is not B) weren't C) was not D) be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A) would do B) had done C) do D) didPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank th ere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that b est fits into the passage.Everyone ___71___ of the President of the US ___72___ the most powerful man in ___73___. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies __ _74___ to draw up the constitution of the new country ___75___ 1788, ___76___ o f them were not sure whether they ___77___ to have a President at all. There we re even ___78___ who ___79___ a king, ___80___ their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt ___81___ the last moment. One group wanted ___82___ for life, while ___83___ suggested that ___84___ not be a President, because a Committee would govern the country better; a third gr oup ___85___ a President ___86___ term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his ti me ___87___ votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him ___88___ for reelection because they t rusted him. But they were ___89___ to make rules in case a future President ___ 90___ badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundred s years later.71. A) use to think B) think C) thinks D) uses to think72. A) to be B) being C) like D) as73. A) western world B) the western world C) accident D) the accident74. A) found B) met C) encountered D) put together75. A) at B) by C) on D) in76. A) a number B) a great deal C) a large amount D) the most77. A) should B) would C) needed D) must78. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little79. A) had preferred B) would have preferredC) should have preferred D) were preferring80. A) although B) however C) nevertheless D) in spite of81. A) until B) as far as C) so far as D) by82. A) that the President was elected B) that the President would be electe dC) to elect the PresidentD) to be elected the President83. A) another B) other C) the other D) some other84. A) it should B) it would C) there should D) there would85. A) would have liked B) would rather C) would like D) would be liking86. A) that's B) whose C) which D) of which87. A) looking for B) to look for C) to look at D) looking at88. A) stand B) to stand C) be standing D) that he stood89. A) so careful B) too careful C) careful enough D) enough careful90. A) would carry B) carried C) would behave D) behavedPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compos ition on the topic "The Expenses of an Average Worker". You should study the fo llowing table carefully and base your composition on the outlines given below. You should write at least 100 words.1. The changes in the worker's expenses from 1990 to 2000.2. The possible reasons for the changes.3. My prediction.The Expenses of an Average Worker2015年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷参考答案(第一套）21-25. DBACC 26-30. DBABD 31. CDAAA 36-40. CCADA41-45. BCACB 46-50. BBDCB 51-55. BBBAB 56-60. BBBCA61-65. BDCDA 66-70. BCDBB 71-75. CDBBD 76-80. ACBBD81-85. ACACC 86-90. BAACC。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.［C］Government planners over-pumped its water.［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .［A］does more good than harm［B］solves more problems than what they created［C］does more harm than good［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .［A］population growth and water waste［B］water pollution and dry weather［C］water waste and pollution［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?［A］living in rich areas［B］living in big cities but poor condition［C］depending on groundwater［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams.［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?［A］By covering the whole surface of the water.［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water .［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers.［C］ordinary people and manufacturers.［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Wait for the sale to start.［B］Get further information about the sale.［C］Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.［D］Buy a new suit.12.［A］He doesn’t think that John is ill.［B］He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.［C］He is aware that John is ill.［D］He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.［A］Before six.［B］At six.［C］After six.［D］After seven.14.［A］It is bigger.［B］It has a prettier color.［C］It has a larger yard.［D］It is brighter.15.［A］Australian and American.［B］Guest and host.［C］Husband and wife.［D］Professor and student.16.［A］1∶30.［B］11∶00.［C］9∶30.［D］10∶00.17.［A］He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. ［B］He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.［C］He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.［D］He prefers traveling with the woman.18.［A］He thinks she should visit her cousin. ［B］Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.［C］Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.［D］He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］Two different types of bones in the human body.［B］How bones help the body move.［C］How bones continuously repair themselves.［D］The chemical composition of human bones.20.［A］They defend the bone against viruses.［B］They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.［C］They break down bone tissue.［D］They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.［A］They have difficulty identifying these cells.［B］They aren’t sure how these cells work.［C］They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.［D］They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.［A］To learn how to prevent a bone disease.［B］To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.［C］To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.［D］To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］A new fuel for buses.［B］The causes of air pollution.［C］A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.［D］Careers in environmental engineering.24.［A］Her car is being repaired. ［B］She wants to help reduce pollution.［C］Parking is difficult in the city.［D］The cost of fuel has increased.25.［A］A fuel that burns cleanly.［B］An oil additive that helps cool engines.［C］A material from which filters are made.［D］An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］From three to five months.［B］Three months. ［C］Five months.［D］Four months.27.［A］Watch traffic.［B］Obey commands.［C］Cross streets safely.［D］Guard the door.28.［A］Three weeks. ［B］Two weeks. ［C］Four weeks. ［D］Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Two to four times.［B］Four to six times.［C］Four to eight times.［D］Six to ten times.30.［A］Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.［B］People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.［C］People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.［D］Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.［A］People dream so as to sleep better.［B］People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.［C］Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.［D］Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］A sales representative.［B］A store manager.［C］A committee chairperson.［D］A class president.33.［A］To determine who will graduate this year.［B］To discuss the seating arrangement.［C］To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.［D］To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.［A］Their names, phone numbers and job preference.［B］The names and addresses of their guests.［C］The names of the committee they worked on last year.［D］Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.［A］In an hour.［B］Next week.［C］In one month.［D］Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed ［F］convenience ［K］cosmetics［B］take ［G］services ［L］started［C］heart ［H］fame ［M］downtown［D］needed ［I］various ［N］available ［C］though ［H］popularity ［M］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?［A］All international managers can learn culture.［B］Business diversity is not necessary.［C］Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.［D］Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.［A］is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around ［B］is different from the model of McDonald’s［C］shows the reverse of globalization［D］has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.［A］both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures［B］both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries ［C］admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world［D］both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.［A］who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity［B］who have connections to more than one type of culture［C］who want to travel abroad［D］who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.［A］earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas［B］all have the quality of patience［C］will follow the overseas local cultures［D］adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. ［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result［C］the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.［A］Just when［B］While［C］Soon after［D］Before68.［A］to give［B］giving［C］given［D］being given69.［A］gather［B］spread［C］carry［D］bring70.［A］reason［B］cause［C］problem［D］purpose71.［A］make［B］publish［C］know［D］write72.［A］another［B］other［C］one another［D］the other73.［A］However［B］And［C］Therefore［D］So74.［A］value［B］ratio［C］rate［D］speed75.［A］spread［B］passed［C］printed［D］completed76.［A］inform［B］be informed［C］to informed［D］informed77.［A］entertain［B］encourage［C］educate［D］edit78.［A］on［B］through［C］with［D］of79.［A］forms［B］existence［C］contents［D］purpose80.［A］tries to cover［B］manages to cover［C］fails to cover［D］succeeds in81.［A］source ［B］origin［C］course［D］finance82.［A］way［B］means［C］chance ［D］success83.［A］measures［B］measured［C］is measured［D］was measured84.［A］somewhat ［B］little［C］much［D］something85.［A］offering［B］offered［C］which offered［D］to be offered86.［A］by ［B］with［C］at［D］aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。
大学英语四级模拟试题1
大学英语四级模拟试题（一）大学英语四级模拟试题（一）Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you should write a short essay entitled The Popularity of Getting Getting Certificates Certificates Certificates on on on Campus Campus . ou Y ou should should should write write write at at at least least least 150 150 150 words words words following following following the the outline given below. 1.大学校园内各种证书的报考十分火热大学校园内各种证书的报考十分火热2.大学生考证的利弊大学生考证的利弊3.考证面前，我的选择考证面前，我的选择Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Main Energies for the Body A balanced diet is one that provides an adequate intake of energy and nutrients for maintenance maintenance of of of the the the body body body and and and therefore therefore therefore good good good health. health. health. A A A diet diet diet can can can easily easily easily be be be adequate adequate adequate for for normal bodily functioning, yet may not be a balanced diet. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are a rapid source of energy, they are the body's fuel. The bulk of a balanced balanced diet diet diet should should should be be be made made made from from from carbohydrates. carbohydrates. carbohydrates. If If If eaten eaten eaten in in in an an an excess excess excess of of of the the the dietary dietary requirements carbohydrates are easily stored as fats in the cells, although carbohydrate is the first source of energy in the body. An average adult requires about 12,000kJ of energy a day, most of this is supplied by the respiration of carbohydrates in the cells. Carbohydrates are used principally as a respiratory substrates, i.e. to be oxidized to release release energy energy energy for for for active active active transport, transport, transport, macromolecule macromolecule macromolecule synthesis, synthesis, synthesis, cell cell cell division division division and and and muscle muscle contraction. contraction. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are are are digested digested digested in in in the the the duodenum duodenum duodenum and and and ileum ileum ileum and and and absorbed absorbed absorbed as as glucose into cells. Sources of carbohydrates such as starch are rice, potatoes, wheat and other cereals. Sugars are also carbohydrates, sources of sugars are refined sugar - sucrose, which is a food sweetener and preservative and fruit sugars - fructose. If the diet lacks carbohydrate stores of fat are mobilized and used as an energy source. Proteins Protein is not a direct source of energy in the body, it is used primarily for growth and and repair repair repair of of of body body body tissues tissues tissues while while while remaining remaining remaining an an an energy energy energy source source source as as as a a a last last last resort. resort. resort. Proteins Proteins fulfill fulfill a a a wide wide wide variety variety variety of of of roles roles roles in in in the the the body. body. body. They They They are are are broken broken broken down down down in in in the the the stomach stomach stomach and and intestines to amino acids which are then absorbed. The body can only form 8 amino acids to build proteins from, the diet must provide Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) which are synthesized synthesized into into into proteins proteins proteins which which which can can can be be be structural, structural, structural, i.e. i.e. i.e. collagen collagen collagen in in in bone, keratin bone, keratin in in hair, hair, myosin and actin in muscle; metabolic enzymes, hemoglobin, protective antibodies and communicative hormones. Sources of protein include meat, fish, eggs and pulses. The diet needs to provide 8 EAAs as the body is unable to synthesis proteins without these molecules. 2 other amino acids are synthesized from EAAs so if the diet lacks the original EAAs these other two will will not not not be be be present present present either. either. either. Phenylalanine Phenylalanine Phenylalanine is is is converted converted converted to to to tyrosine tyrosine tyrosine and and and methionine methionine methionine is is converted to cysteine. Cells draw upon a pool of amino acids for protein synthesis which either come from dietary protein digested and absorbed in the gut and the breakdown of body protein such as muscle. However, unlike fats and carbohydrates there is no store of amino amino acids acids acids for for for cells cells cells to to to draw draw draw on, on, on, any any any amino amino amino acid acid acid in in in excess excess excess of of of immediate immediate immediate bodily bodily requirements is broken down into urea and excreted. It is therefore important to maintain the dietary intake of protein everyday. If the body lacks protein, muscle wasting occurs as muscle is broken down. If protein is lacked in a diet a person develops kwashiorkor which is caused when high levels of carbohydrates are eaten to overcome the lack of protein in the diet. One symptom of kwashiorkor is the abnormal collection of fluid around the abdomen due to the the lack lack lack of of of protein protein protein in in in the the the blood. blood. blood. The The The body body body cannot cannot cannot retain retain retain water water water by by by osmosis osmosis osmosis and and and fluid fluid accumulates in tissues causing them to become waterlogged. Vitamin Categories Vitamins cannot be synthesized by the body so must be supplied by diet. Vitamins have no common structure or function but are essential in small amounts for the body to be able to utilize other dietary components efficiently. Vitamins fall into two categories, fat soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K which which are are are ingested ingested ingested with with with fatty fatty fatty foods foods foods and and and water water water soluble soluble soluble vitamins vitamins vitamins such such such as as as the the the B B B group group vitamins vitamins and and and vitamin vitamin vitamin C. C. C. Vitamins Vitamins are are known known known as as as micronutrients micronutrients micronutrients because because because only only only small small quantities are required for a healthy diet, in fact fat soluble vitamins can be toxic in high concentrations, for example the body stores vitamin A, or retinol, in the liver as it is toxic if kept in high concentrations in the blood stream, a dose of more than 3300mg of vitamin A A can can can be be be considered considered considered toxic. toxic. toxic. Water Water Water soluble soluble soluble vitamins vitamins vitamins such such such as as as vitamin vitamin vitamin C C C and and and B B B groups groups vitamins can be excreted in the urine if in excess in the diet. Vitamins A Vitamin Vitamin A A A is is is essential essential essential to to to the the the proper proper proper functioning functioning functioning of of of the the the retina retina retina in in in the the the eye eye eye and and and the the epithelial tissues. A lack of vitamin A results in dry, rough skin, inflammation of the eyes, a drying or scarring of the cornea - xerophthalmia, which occurs when the secretion of lubricating lubricating tears tears tears is is is stopped, stopped, stopped, the the the eyelids eyelids eyelids become become become swollen swollen swollen and and and sticky sticky sticky with with with pus. pus. pus. Mucous Mucous surfaces of the eye may become eroded allowing infection to set in, leading to ulceration and destruction of the cornea. Night blindness - an inability to see in dim light can also occur. Rod cells in the retina of the eye detect light of low intensity, they convert vitamin A A into into into a a a pigment, pigment, pigment, rhodopsin, rhodopsin, rhodopsin, which which which is is is bleached bleached bleached when when when light light light enters enters enters the the the eye. eye. eye. Rod Rod Rod cells cells resynthesis rhodopsin, but if there is a deficiency of the vitamin, rod cells can no longer function and the result is night blindness. Epithelial cells use retinol to make retinoic acid, an intracellular messenger used in cell differentiation and growth. Without retinoic acid epithelial cells are not maintained properly and the body becomes susceptible to infections, particularly measles and infections of the respiratory system and gut. Xenophthalmia Xenophthalmia is is is common common common among among among children children children who's who's who's diets diets diets consist consist consist of of of mainly mainly mainly cereals cereals with little meat or fresh vegetables, this is common in Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and the Philippines. Vitamins D Vitamin Vitamin D, D, D, or or or calciferol, calciferol, calciferol, is is is another another another fat fat fat soluble soluble soluble steroid steroid steroid vitamin vitamin vitamin which which which functions functions functions to to stimulate stimulate calcium calcium calcium uptake uptake uptake from from from the the the gut gut gut and and and its its its deposition deposition deposition in in in bone. bone. bone. vitamin vitamin vitamin D D D acts acts acts as as as a a hormone when converted by enzymes in the gut and liver into an active form of "active vitamin D", which stimulates epithelial cells in the intestine to absorb calcium. vitamin D is is therefore therefore therefore essential essential essential in in in growing growing growing children's children's children's diets diets diets to to to enable enable enable the the the growth growth growth of of of strong strong strong bones. bones. Without Without adequate adequate adequate amounts amounts amounts of of of vitamin vitamin vitamin D D D children children children can can can develop develop develop rickets, rickets, rickets, which which which is is is the the deformation of the legs caused when they lack calcium to strengthen the bones. In adults a lack of vitamin D in the diet can lead to osteomalacia, a progressive softening of the bones which can make them highly susceptible to fracture. Vitamin Vitamin D D D is is is made made made by by by the the the body body body when when when exposed exposed exposed to to to sunlight sunlight sunlight and and and is is is stored stored stored in in in the the muscles, however, if the skin is rarely exposed to the sunlight or is dark little vitamin D is produced. Foods such as eggs and oily fish are all rich in vitamin D. Vitamins K Vitamin K, phylloquinone, is found in dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale. It is a fat soluble vitamin which is involved in the clotting process of blood. In the the intestines intestines intestines bacteria bacteria bacteria synthesize synthesize synthesize a a a number number number of of of important important important clotting clotting clotting factors factors factors which which which need need vitamin K. Without vitamin K cuts can fail to heal and internal bleeding can occur. Vitamins C Vitamin C is a water soluble vitamin, known chemically as ascorbic acid. It is found in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons, and also in potatoes and tomatoes. The main function of vitamin C is the formation of connective tissues such as collagen. It is also known to be an antioxidant which helps to remove toxins and aids the immune system. A lack of vitamin C leads to Scurvy, a condition experienced by sailors on long journeys when when they they they did did did not not not have have have fruit fruit fruit in in in their their their diets. diets. diets. Scurvy Scurvy Scurvy causes causes causes painful, painful, painful, bleeding bleeding bleeding gums. gums. gums. As As vitamin C is water soluble, it is not toxic in high doses as it can be excreted in the urine, very high doses can however cause diarrhea. Vitamins B B B group group group vitamins vitamins vitamins have have have a a a wide wide wide range range range of of of roles roles roles acting acting acting as as as co-enzymes co-enzymes co-enzymes in in in metabolic metabolic pathways. pathways. They They They are are are found found found in in in most most most plant plant plant and and and animal animal animal tissues tissues tissues involved involved involved in in in metabolism, metabolism, therefore foods such as liver, yeast and dairy products are all rich in B group vitamins. Deficiency of B group vitamins include dermatitis, fatigue and malformation of red blood cells. 1. An adult needs about 12,000kJ of energy a day from ________. A. the cell B. the respiring process of carbohydrates C. fats in the cell D. a balanced diet 2. Carbohydrates are ultimately absorbed into cells in the process of _______. A. digestion B. respiration C. oxidization D. mobilization 3. The Essential Amino Acids which build part of proteins can be obtained from______. A. stomach B. body tissues C. the body D. the diet 4. The ultimate cause of kwashiorkor is lack of ________. A. protein B. carbohydrates C. vitamins D. diet 5. Vitamins are called “micronutrients ” in that _________. A. excessive fat soluble vitamins can be excreted in the urine B. the body only requires small amount of vitamins C. a dose of 3300mg of vitamins can be considered toxic D. the high concentrations of water soluble vitamins are toxic 6. Night blindness is a disease normally caused by lack of __________. A. fat soluble vitamins B. water soluble vitamins C. vitamin A D. innate disability 7. The main function of vitamin D is to prevent adults from ________. A. the growth of strong bones B. fracture C. a progressive softening of the bones D. calcium uptake from the gut 8. Although the human body produces vitamin D normally, it fails to do so if there is not enough ______________. 9. The reason why vitamin C is seen as an antioxidant is that it drives __________ out of the body. 10. If you are in lack of B group vitamins, you should turn to _______________. Part III Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: Directions: In In In this this this section, section, section, there there there is is is a passage a passage with with ten ten ten blanks. blanks. blanks. Y ou Y ou are are are required required required to to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Dreams are a way for the subconscious to communicate with the __47__ mind. Dreaming of something you ’re worried about, researchers say, is the brain ’s way of helping you rehearse for a disaster in case it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like giving a a presentation presentation presentation at at at work work work or or or playing playing playing sports, sports, sports, can can can enhance enhance enhance your your your __48__. __48__. __48__. And And And cognitive cognitive neuroscientists neuroscientists have have have discovered discovered discovered that that that dreams dreams dreams and and and the the the rapid rapid rapid eye eye eye movement movement movement (REM) (REM) (REM) that that happens happens while while while you’re you’re you’re dreaming dreaming dreaming are are are __49__ __49__ __49__ to to to our our our ability ability ability to to to learn learn learn and and and remember. remember. Dreaming Dreaming is is is a a a “mood “mood “mood regulatory regulatory regulatory system,” system,” system,” says says says Rosalind Rosalind Rosalind Cartwright, Cartwright, Cartwright, PhD, PhD, PhD, chairman chairman chairman of of the psychology __50__ at Rush Universi ty Medical Center in Chicago. She’s found that dreams dreams help help help people people people work work work through through through the the the day’s day’s day’s emotional emotional emotional quandaries. quandaries. quandaries. “It’s “It’s “It’s like like like having having having a a built-built-in in in therapist,” therapist,” therapist,” says says says Cartwright. Cartwright. Cartwright. While While While we we we sleep, sleep, sleep, dreams dreams dreams __51__ __51__ __51__ new new new emotional emotional experience to old memories, creating plaid-like patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, “You may wake up and think, What was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I haven’t seen h im for 50 years. But the old and new images are __52__ related.” It ’s the job of the conscious mind to figure out the relationship. In fact, dream emotions can can help help help real real real therapists therapists therapists treat treat treat patients patients patients __53__ __53__ __53__ traumatic traumatic traumatic ((创伤的) ) life life life events. events. events. In In In a a a new new study study of of of 30 30 30 recently recently recently __54__ __54__ __54__ adults, adults, adults, Cartwright Cartwright Cartwright tracked tracked tracked their their their dreams dreams dreams over over over a a a five-month five-month period, measuring their feelings toward their ex-spouses. She discovered that those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. “If their dreams were bland,” Cartwright says, “they hadn’t started to work through through their their their emotions emotions emotions a a nd nd __55__ __55__ __55__ with with with the the the divorce.” divorce.” divorce.” For For For therapists, therapists, therapists, this this this finding finding finding will will help __56__ whether divorced men or women need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away. A. deal B. physically C. wake D. performance E. making F. undergoing G . experience H. divorced I. determine J. compare K. department L. conscious M. presentation N. linked O. emotionally Section B Directions: Directions: There There There are are are 2 2 2 passages passages passages in in in this this this section. section. section. Each Each Each passage passage passage is is is followed followed followed by by by some some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. A A few few few years years years ago ago ago a a a young young young mother mother mother watched watched watched her her her husband husband husband diaper diaper diaper ((给…换尿布) ) their their firstborn son. “You do not have to be unhappy about it,” she protested. “You can talk to to him him him and and and smile smile smile a a a little.little.” The The father, father, father, who who who happened happened happened to to to be be be a a a psychologist, psychologist, psychologist, answered answered firmly, “He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him.”Psychologist Psychologist now now now know know know how how how wrong wrong wrong that that that father father father was. was. was. From From From the the the moment moment moment of of of birth, birth, birth, a a baby has a great deal to say to his parents, and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers accepted the truth. Most thought (and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry (模糊的) ) shadows, shadows, shadows, that that that his his his other other other senses senses senses were were were undeveloped, undeveloped, undeveloped, and and and that that that all all all he he he required required required was was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet. Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime. Far Far from from from being being being helpless, helpless, helpless, the the the newborn newborn newborn knows knows knows what what what he he he likes likes likes and and and rejects rejects rejects what what what he he doesn ’t. He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a a glutton glutton glutton for for for novelty. novelty. novelty. He He He prefers prefers prefers animate animate animate things things things over over over inanimate inanimate inanimate and and and likes likes likes people people people more more than anything. When When a a a more more more nine nine nine minutes minutes minutes out, out, out, an an an infant infant infant prefers prefers prefers a a a human human human face face face to to to a a a head-shaped head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he ’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony (同时发生) to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response. 57. 57. The The The author author points points out out out that that that the the the father father father diapering diapering his his first-born first-born son son was was was wrong wrong because________. A) he believed the baby was not able to hear him B) he thought the baby didn ’t have the power of speech C) he was a psychologist unworthy of his profession D) he thought the baby was not capable of any response 58. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A) A new infant can see only blurry shadows. B) A new infant ’s senses are undeveloped C) All a new infant requires is nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet. D) A new infant is actually able to influence his or her environment 59. What does the sentence “He is a glutton for novelty ” probably mean? A) The newborn is greedy for new food. B) The newborn tends to overeat. C) The newborn always loves things that are new to him. D) The newborn ’s appetite is a constant topic in novels. 60. According to the passage, it ’s groundless to think that newborns prefer________. A) a human face to a head-shaped outline B) animate things to inanimate ones C) human voice to non-human sounds D) nourishment to a warm bassinet 61. What is the passage mainly discussing about? A) What people know about newborns. B) How wrong parents are when they handle their babies. C) How much newborns have progressed in about a decade ’s time. D) Why the first month of life is the most significant four weeks in a lifetime. Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. Mobile office is the mutual product of economic ，scientific ，and social progress.Mobile office has become a solution that provides users with convenient, prompt, safe, reliable, and reasonably priced communications and office faculty anywhere anytime anytime via via via the the the support support support of of of mobile mobile mobile interconnection interconnection interconnection platform(MIP)and platform(MIP)and platform(MIP)and its its its applications applications systems. Using mobile office and W AP technology, people can do their work anywhere anytime, anytime, can can can send send send and and and receive receive receive data data data via via via terminals terminals terminals such such such as as as mobile mobile mobile phone, phone, phone, and and and palm palm computer, and can surf the Internet. When you leave your office to attend meetings or travel on business ，what would happen to your business routine?Of course, faxes and e-mails would be still sent to your fax machine or e-mail box, but you cannot read them and make prompt reaction timely. When your clients need you to make some urgent modifications on your work and you are neither in the office nor carrying relevant documents, what can you do?Maybe you have to say “sorry ” to the clients. But, your business will be affected ，the clients will be unhappy unhappy and and and disappointed disappointed disappointed because because because of of of your your your delay delay ，and and you you you will will will lose lose lose a a a lot lot lot of of of business business opportunities. In fact, very frequently, you need to check, reply, distribute, modify, or read some materials when you are not in your office. You must get out of this dilemma. The best solution to normally handle your business anywhere anytime and not to disappoint your clients is to let your office “move” with you. With the development of communications technology, mobile office has become simpler and smaller, and even can be realized via one one mobile mobile mobile phone phone phone with with with data data data communications communications communications function. Thus, function. Thus, mobile mobile office office office has has has already already been put into your pocket, and office mobility has been realized. Mobile Mobile office office office has has has provided provided provided people people people with with with convenient, convenient, convenient, casual casual casual working working working environment, environment, but but at at at the the the same same same time time time it it it still still still has has has some some some unsatisfactory unsatisfactory unsatisfactory aspects aspects aspects such such such as as as mismatching mismatching equipment interface and inadequate battery. Nevertheless, we believe that with technical progress, progress, people people people can can can certainly certainly certainly overcome overcome overcome all all all kinds kinds kinds of of of difficulties. difficulties. difficulties. Mobile Mobile Mobile office office office will will realize the dream of completely free communication. Users will enjoy more colorful life and better working environment, and users’ living standard, working efficiency, and even enterprises’ production efficiency will certainly be immensely raised.62. According to the passage, mobile office help you with the following except ________ . A) keeping update with the latest news B) checking e-mails any time one wants C) conducting internet surfing D) finding one ’s true love in life 63. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph? A) You would lose a lot of business opportunities if you always delay your work. B) You should read and reply faxes and e-mail timely. C) When you leave your office your business routine might be damaged. D) When you cannot meet the need of your clients you should immediately say sorry. 64. When you let your office “move ” with you, you __________ . A) will never let your clients down B) you don ’t have to stay at office anymore C) you then find the best way to handle your business anywhere anytime D) you no longer face the dilemma between work and life 65. It can be inferred from the passage that __________ . A) mobile office communication is very cost-consuming B) with the development of science, mobile office has eventually come to our life C) people had no convenient and reliable communications and office faculty before D) economic factors are essential in the operation of mobile office 66. According to the author, mobile office _________ . A) would help achieve complete communication mobility B) is too expensive to afford by small companies C) has some fatal defects impossible to modify D) is too complicated to operate in everyday business Part V Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work, they have to read all kinds of materials. In _67_a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and and comprehend comprehend comprehend _68_can _68_can _68_can mean mean mean the the the difference difference difference between between between success success success and and and failure. failure. failure. Y Y et the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _69_readers. Most of us develop poor reading _70_at an early age, and never get over them. The The main main main deficiency deficiency deficiency _71_in _71_in _71_in the the the actual actual actual component component component of of of language language language itself-words. itself-words. itself-words. Take Take individually, words have _72_meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. _73_, however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often turning back to _74_words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over _75_you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another Another habit habit which _76_down _76_down the the the speed speed speed of of of reading reading reading is is is vocalization-sounding vocalization-sounding vocalization-sounding each each word wither orally or mentally when a _77_reads. To To overcome overcome overcome these these these bad bad bad habits habits habits some some some reading reading reading clinics clinics clinics use use use a a a device device device called called called an an an _78_, _78_, which moves a bar (or a curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate _79_the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator accelerator forces forces forces the the the reader reader reader to to to read read read fast, fast, fast, _80_word-by-word _80_word-by-word _80_word-by-word reading, reading, reading, regression regression regression and and 。
大学英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（1）
Model Test 1 Part One Listening Comprehension Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre. Example： You will hear： You will read： A） At the office. B） In the waiting room. C） At the airport. D） In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A） At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. 1. A） She is not interested in the article. B） She has given the man much trouble. C） She would like to have a copy of the article. D） She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article. 2. A） He saw the big tower he visited on TV~ B） He has visited the TV tower twice. C） He has visited the TV tower once. D） He will visit the TV tower in June. 3. A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time. C） The woman knows the professor has been busy. D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. 4. A） He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to. B） He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job. C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family, D） He wants to spend more time with his family. 5. A） The man thought the essay was easy. B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. C） The woman thought the essay was easy. D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. 6. A） In the park. B） Between two buildings C） In his apartment. D） Under a huge tree. 7. A） It's awfully dull. B） It's really exciting. C） it's very exhausting. D） It's quite challenging. 8. A） movie. B） A lecture. C） A play. D） A speech. 9. A） The weather is mild compared to the past years. B） They are having the coldest winter ever. C） The weather will soon get warmer. D） The weather may get even colder. 10. A） The mystery story. B） The hiring of a shop assistant. C） The search for a reliable witness. D） An unsolved case of robbery. Section B Passage One Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A） They want to change the way English is taught. B） They learn English to find well-paid jobs. C） They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English. D） They know clearly what they want to learn. 12. A ） Professionals. B） College students. C） Beginners D） Intermediate earners. 13. A） Courses for doctors. B） Courses for businessmen. C） Courses for reporters. D） Courses for lawyers. 14. A） Three groups of learners. B） The importance of business English. C） English for Specific Purposes. D） Features of English for different papacies. Passage Two Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard. 15. A） To show off their wealth. B） To feel good. C） To regain their memory. D） To be different from others. 16. A） To help solve their psychological problems. B） To play games with them. C） To send sham to the hospital. D） To make them aware of its harmfulness. 17. A） They need care and affection. B） They are fond of round-the-world trips. C） They are mostly from broken families. D） They are likely to commit crimes. Passage Three Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 18. A） Because it was too heavy. B） Because it did not bend easily. C） Because it did not shoot far. D） Because its string was short. 19. A） It went out of use 300 years ago B） h was invented alter the short how. C） It was discovered before fire and the wheel. D） It's still in use today. 20. A） They are accurate and easy to pull. B） Their shooting range is 40 yards. C） They are usually used indoors. D） They took 100 years to develop. Part II Reading Comprehension （35 minutes） Directions： There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）。
四级考试模拟试题一
四级考试模拟试题一一、听力理解（共20分）（一）短对话理解（每题1分，共5分）1. A) At the bookstore. B) At the library. C) At the cinema. D) At the post office.2. A) He's going to the beach. B) He's going to the concert. C) He's going to the museum. D) He's going to the party.3. A) She forgot her appointment. B) She missed her bus.C) She lost her keys. D) She broke her glasses.4. A) He needs to buy a new computer. B) He needs torepair his computer. C) He needs to upgrade his computer.D) He needs to return his computer.5. A) She's going to study abroad. B) She's going to work abroad. C) She's going to travel abroad. D) She's going to live abroad.（二）长对话理解（每题2分，共10分）听下面一段对话，回答6至7题。
6. What is the man's main concern about the new project?A) The budget. B) The schedule. C) The technology. D) The team.7. What does the woman suggest they should do?A) Reduce the budget. B) Extend the deadline. C) Hire more staff. D) Use more advanced technology.（三）短文理解（每题2分，共5分）听下面一段短文，回答8至10题。
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies. Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too manycars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.A) cars are a source of pleasure for themB) they need a car to form a car poolC) they live more than a mile away from the schoolD) cars form necessary part in their life27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?A) Office workers.B) Police and mail carriers.C) Salesmen and farmers.D) Factory workers.28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.A) children have to walk to schoolB) school buses take all the children to schoolC) mothers drive children to schoolD) families usually live within a mile from the school29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.A) a number of people sharing the use of a carB) a place for parking carsC) a group of tourists driving alternativelyD) a place for learning to drive30. What is the author's advice about the use of cars?A) To provide larger parking spaces.B) To build better roads.C) To produce fewer automobiles.D) To form more car pools.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans（红毛猿）. Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests' layer of dry peat (partly decayed plant material which covers the soil), it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25 000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from felling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans' original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.31. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger.B) Orangutans Are Precious Animals.C) Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming.D) Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia.32. Which of the following is true about villagers?A) They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food.B) They are ignorant of wild life pets trade.C) They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops.D) They continue to receive orangutans infants.33. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ________.A) will not end until it starts to rainB) will be eventually put out by human effortC) will die out when the winds stop blowingD) will only stop when the peat is totally wet34. Some people buy orangutans because ________.A) they want to save orangutansB) they want to keep orangutans as petsC) they want to build new homes for orangutansD) they want to take care of orangutan infants35. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutans in Indonesia?A) The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture.B) Most of orangutans' forests have been destroyed.C) Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market.D) Trees have been cut down for human profits.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Don't try kicking the tires on a very modern and strange car developed by students at Coventry University. Not only does the car have no tires, it has no steering wheel, either.The Coventry Concept Car, as it is called is a completely new design that looks more like a snail（蜗牛）than an automobile. No working model, or functional form of the vehicle exists yet, but its designers recently introduced a life-sized model and explained how a real one would work. Electric motors would move rapidly undulating pad（形成波浪状气垫）underneath the car; moving the vehicle in any direction at speeds up to 480 kmper hour. The motion would be a much faster way of crawling ? the way snails move. (Muscles in the bottom of a snail's flat foot contract （收缩）in waves that push the snail along the ground.) Steering of the snail car would be handled automatically by an onboard computer, which would receive signals from orbiting satellites. Those signals would help guide the snail car along a preprogrammed route.Even the car's color could be computer-controlled, the student designer suggested. Instead of a painted out appearance, the snail car would sport an electronically sensitive film that changes color according to its surroundings.36. The Coventry Concept Car is designed mainly based on ________.A) the appearance of a snailB) the movement of a snailC) the life-size of a snailD) the behavior of a snail37. Which of the following is true about the Coventry Concept Car?A) Its first working model can run at 480 km per hour.B) Its direction is controlled by a steering wheel.C) It moves in all directions on a pair of flat feet.D) It travels automatically along preprogrammed routes.38. The color of the car can be changed ______.A) by applying different films onto its exteriorB) automatically in accordance with its surroundingsC) by signals received by the car computerD) according to the customer's requirement39. The word "sport" in the last but one line most probably means _______.A) applyB) wearC) runD) notice40. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A) A Car at a Speed of a SnailB) A Computer-Controlled Electronic VehicleC) A Car Without Tires and Steering WheelD) A Car with No Functional FormPassage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert themselves（坚持自己的权利）. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and T alk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help those people assert themselves. They offer "Assertiveness Training" courses ? AT for short. In the AT course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose hisfear. But AT uses an even stronger motive ? the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person's label. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.41. The problem the writer talks about is that _______.A) some people buy things they don't wantB) some people are afraid of arguing for themselvesC) there are too many "superiors" around usD) there is too much pressure from our society42. The cause of the problem discussed in this passage is that _______.A) some people have a low self-imageB) there is always someone around who "knows better"C) salesmen talk people into buying things they don't wantD) people don't share opinions in a group43. The set-up of our society often _______.A) makes people distrust themselvesB) makes things more favorable for "superiors"C) keeps people from knowing as much as their "superiors"D) helps people to learn to speak up for their rights44. A T is one solution to the problem in this passage, but one thing AT doesn't promote is to help people ________.A) to share their feelingsB) to have a right to be oneselfC) to overcome their fear before othersD) to be more aggressive45. The title for this passage could be ________.A) Assertiveness TrainingB) Loss of Self-respectC) The Importance of Human RightsD) Share Your Feelings with OthersPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. Those high school students _____ to computer games will usually lose interest in their studies.A) absorbed B) addicted C) approached D) adapted47. What did you put in your suitcase? It's almost _____ mine.A) four times as heavy as B) four times heavier as C) as four times heavy as D) as heavy as four times48. In some countries today, it is still illegal for doctors to help a woman have a(n) _____.A) pregnancy B) abortion C) miscarriage D) embryo49. Metal _____ when cooled and expands when heated.A) decreases B) reduces C) condenses D) contracts50. The employees were afraid to ask for a salary raise _____ they should lose their jobs.A) lest B) or else C) so that D) in order that51. There has been a heated controversy over the new traffic _____ forbidding automobiles in downtown during the daytime.A) laws B) bans C) alerts D) regulations52. She has won a _____ prize for her poems published in the past 10 years.A) privileged B) awarded C) prestigious D) rewarded53. Each man and woman must sign _____ full names before entering the examination room.A) his B) her C) their D) one's49. Giving the child problems he can't solve will only ________ him.A) frustrate B) challenge C) conquer D) press54. It is pleasant to see that the whole community has participated in this environmental action with great _____.A) validity B) vow C) vigor D) vision55. As they can't have a child of their own, they're going to _____ a little girl.A) adapt B) adopt C) adjust D) receive56. It's no use _____ wit him. You might as well argue with a stone wall.A) arguing B) of arguing C) in arguing D) to argue57. The official figures of unemployment revealed that millions of citizens could hardly make a _____ living.A) honest B) decent C) appropriate D) suitable58. The company has been found guilty violating copyright laws _____ a regular _____.A) for ... reason B) by ... way C) on ... basis D) to ... degree59. Believe it or not, he arrived in America with only 25 dollars _____.A) by his name B) to his name C) in his name D) with his name60. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.A) A few minutes late B) Owing to a few minutes late C) Because she was a few minutes late D) Being a few minutes late61. I handed in the application two months ago, but I have not received any response _____.A) in date B) out of date C) to date D) on date62. In the course of a day our students do far more than just _____ classes.A) attending B) attended C) to attend D) attend63. The newspaper didn't mention its secret _____ who provided the information for the event.A) resource B) source C) origin D) cause64. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A) state B) significance C) determination D) status65. If I hadn't turned off the power before you touched the wires, you _____ now.A) wouldn't have smiled B) didn't smile C) wouldn't be smiling D) couldn't have smiledPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) To be successful at business, you not only have to be good at what you do, but you have to be good at letting others know how good you are at what you do. You have to come up with a plan to get your product or service in the market place. You have to come up with a marketing plan. (67) This marketing plan involves two parts: you have to figure out who the market is; and you have to make the product or service known to that market. These two work together.It is a rare case in marketing when a product has appeal to everyone regardless of sex, age, income level or special interests.(68) The more typical case is that a product will appeal to a limited group of people who are willing to put down their hard-earned dollars to buy what you have to sell.(69) The basic question to keep in mind as you develop your marketing plan is: Who would want to buy the type of product I make and how can I develop it to be saleable to these special people? Once you define your market, you often have to modify your product to fit that market. Sometimes the answer to this question is clear and logical. Often, however, a business person has to do some research and experimentation to find the answer.(70) Many a business has failed because people didn't consider this obvious but critical question: Who is the market?66.____________________________________________________________________ ________67._____________________________________________________________ _______________68.____________________________________________________________________ ________69.____________________________________________________________________ ________70.____________________________________________________________________ ________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 一群科学家上周在一次新闻发布会上宣布的克隆计划在全世界引起了轩然大波。
大学英语四级分类模拟题1试卷.doc
大学英语四级分类模拟题1试卷[模拟] 120Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1.(1) 越来越多的毕业生体会到了找工作的压力；(2) 大学生就业难的原因；(3) 我的看法。
___________Part ⅡCloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Very few people in history have left a record as clear as John Adams. He___1___a small book with him every day___2___he wrote about his experiences. He also wrote thousands of letters to his family members and friends.History experts say John Adams has not been remembered as___3___as President Thomas Jefferson,___4___wrote the famous American Declaration of Independence.___5___the experts say it was John Adams who was greatly responsible for the___6___of the Declaration of Independence. It was also John Adams who___7___to have George Washington___8___the army.___9___it was John Adams who___10___a fair legal system for the new country. He made sure that all court systems of the United States___11___separate___12___other parts of the government.David McCullough, a bibliography writer, said no one___13___George Washington was more important in___14___our independence and establishing our government___15___John Adams. He never failed to___16___the call to___17___his country.Congress is now preparing the legislation___18___to provide land in Washington___19___a memorial to John Adams. The memorial will bebuilt___20___money given by private citizens. 第1题：A.cardedB.wroteC.boughtD.brought第2题：A.in whichB.thatC.in thatD.when第3题：A.popularB.widelyC.carefullyD.clear第4题：A.whomB.whoeverC.heD.who第5题：A.AndB.ThereforeC.SoD.Yet第6题：A.writingpositionC.approvalpletion第7题：A.decidedB.workedC.performedD.supposed第8题：A.dismissB.joinC.leadD.guide第9题：A.HoweverB.AndC.ThereafterD.Therefore第10题：A.demandedB.requiredC.establishedD.discarded第11题：A.to beB.areC.beD.was第12题：A.ofB.withC.againstD.from第13题：A.likeB.includingC.besidesD.except第14题：A.winningB.awardingC.fightingD.expecting第15题：A.asB.thanC.likeD.due to第16题：A.takeB.makeC.answerD.catch第17题：A.fightB.colonizeC.serveD.improve第18题：A.needB.asC.possibleD.needed第19题：A.ofB.forC.toD.as第20题：A.withB.forC.ofD.inPart Ⅲ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.第21题：Nowadays, radio has ______ (不如电视受欢迎了).。
大学英语四级考试综合分类模拟试卷一套(含答案)
大学英语四级考试综合分类模拟试卷一套Part ⅠWritingDirections：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic：Lectures and Discussions．You should write al least 120 words，and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below：1、(1)一些学生赞成讲座式教学；(2)另一些学生偏爱讨论式教学；(3)我的看法。
Part ⅡClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices markedA.,B.,C. andD. on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.People who are hit by lightning and survive often have long-term effects. These may include memory loss, sleep disorders, muscle pain and depression.Experts tell people to 2 the safety of a building or a hard-top vehicle 3 they hear thunder, 4 it is not 5 . They say lightning can 6 as far as sixteen kilometers from any rainfall. Lightning can 7 sideways. And at least ten percent of lightning happens 8 any clouds overhead that you can see.People who are 9 should 10 there are not the 11 thing around. Bend 12 to the ground, but do not 13 . And do not stand 14 a tree or any tall object. 15 water and anything 16 metal. A car is safe, but do not touch any metal inside.Safety experts say people in buildings should stay away from 17 with wires or pipes that 18 the outside. The National Weather Service says if you plan to 19 any electronic equipment, do so before the storm arrives. Do not use a wired telephone. Do not use water. All these can 20 electricity.Some people think a person struck by lighting carries an electrical charge afterward. Experts say this is 21 . It is safe to begin emergency treatment.2、A. see B. seek C. find D. look out3、A. even if B. before C. any time D. till4、A. even if B. when C. if D. whenever5、A. thundering B. raining C. cloudy D. windy6、A. flash B. shine C. travel D. strike7、A. perform B. affect C. see D. travel8、A. with B. when C. without D. for9、A. abroad B. outdoors C. indoors D. home10、A. make sure B. believe C. assure D. think11、A. slowest B. fastest C. tallest D. lowest12、A. low B. high C. up D. above13、A. stand up B. lie down C. stretch up D. travel around14、A. away from B. on C. in D. near15、A. Get close to B. Get away from C. Find way to D. get access to16、A. without B. made from C. made of D. containing17、A. what B. nothing C. something D. anything18、A. lead to B. introduce to C. travel to D. disconnect with19、A. turn on B. connect C. link D. disconnect20、A. get rid of B. avoid C. carry D. keep21、A. possible B. false C. reasonable D. truePart ⅢTranslationDirections: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.22、We all agree the importance of reading skills, but ___________ (有巨大的差异). as to how they should be taught.23、_________ (假如没有反对意见) we will begin the task right now.24、Shanghai may not ____________ (是中国典型代表), but at least it will give you some idea of what is going on in China.25、The boss talked the clerk ______________ (休假一周).26、Don't hesitate to ask for help if you ____________ (解决问题遇到麻烦).答案:Part ⅠWriting1、Lectures and DiscussionsThere is a heated debate over lectures and discussions. It is commonly accepted that lectures can help students learn more quickly. In contrast, others hold that discussions can stimulate students to learn by themselves.Those who hold the first opinion suggest that students attend more lectures. In their view, teachers help students master the knowledge which is accumulated by them in many years' study and research. However, others think that in a discussion, the teacher usually guides the students instead of dominating them. They argue that involving in a discussion, students have to develop their ability to analyze problems.Considering one after another, I stand on the side of neither idea. First of all, different methods have different disadvantages. Furthermore, each student has his or her favorites. Thirdly, lectures are preferable to discussions in the teaching of science and mathematics; on the contrary, discussions are preferable to lectures in such subjects as art and philosophy. Therefore, we should adopt different teaching methods according to different subjects.Part ⅡCloze2、B3、C4、A5、B6、D7、D8、C 9、B 10、A 11、C 12、A 13、B 14、D 15、B 16、C 17、D 18、A 19、D 20、C 21、BPart ⅢTranslation22、there remain crucial differences 23、Provided there are no objections 24、be typical of China 25、into taking a week's holiday 26、have trouble solving the problem。
第一套大学四级考试模拟试题
第⼀套⼤学四级考试模拟试题⼤学英语四级考试COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST— Band Four —⼤学英语四级考试模拟试题（⼀）※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※注意：在30分钟内做完作⽂题。
30分钟后，考⽣接着在15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题。
然后完成其余部分的试题。
全部答题时间为125分钟，不得拖延时间。
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Setting An Aim by commenting on R. Peters’ remark, “Have an aim inlife, or your energies will be all wasted.” You should write at least 120 words but nomore than 180 words.The Importance of Setting An Aim________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1–7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8–10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.Online Education Expanding, Awaits InnovationWhen Janice Barnwell decided to boost her career by obtaining a master’s degree in business, the working mother chose an online university because of the convenience and the low cost.The 44-year-old’s educational experience exceeded her expectations, and her new employer paid for her to take four more courses online to sharpen her skills.“At first I was very intimidated (by taking classes remotely). It’s something I’ve never done,” said Barnwell, who works as a wealth management liaison (联络员). “But it quickly changed for me because the interaction I had online with my classmates and professors fel t real.”The online education sector grew 13 percent last year and had been growing at about 20 percent in previous years. Nearly one in four students take at least some college courses online, up from one in 10 in 2002. Two million students, older than the traditional 18-22 year-old undergraduates, take all their courses online and two million more take one or more online course.President Barack Obama pledged $500 million for online courses and materials as part of a multi-pronged plan aimed at expanding access to college.Twenty-nine percent of U.S. adults have a college degree, fewer than in many other industrialized nations. Only about 40 percent of Americans who start college graduate. The price of higher education, which rises by an average of 8 percent a year, contributes to the high dropout rate.“All along that education pipeline, too many people are slipping through the cracks. It’s not only heartbreaking for those students; it’s a loss for our economy and our country,” Obama said in a recent speech.Jeff Conlon, chief executive of Kaplan Higher Education with some 59,000 online students, said traditional colleges could not meet Obama’s goals for higher education.“Obama wants to make us first again by 2020,” he said.“In order to do that, we need to create 63 million college graduates over that period. The higher education system as constructed will come up 16 million degrees short. There’s not capacity in the system.”Proponents of online education cite a recent Department of Education study that concluded course work is better absorbed online than material presented in live classrooms.Among the heavily marketed for-profit online educators, the leader is the University of Phoenix, a unit of Apollo Group Inc, whose enrollment rose 22 percent to 420,700 students in the quarter ending May 31, with revenues rising 26 percent.Both Kaplan, a unit of Washington Post Co, and Phoenix are accredited (公认的，可信任的) universities. Employers increasingly see degrees earned online as equal to those received from brick-and-mortar (有教学场所的) schools, experts say. Some managers believe students who earn degrees online while also holding a job are likely to exhibit more self-discipline and determination.Bells and whistles?Richard Garrett of Boston Consultant Eduventures Inc. said interest in online education may have plateaued (达到稳定时期) for now, awaiting innovations that will transform the experience beyond screen imitations of the brick-and-mortar curriculum.“We’re still at a pretty rudimentary(基本的，初期的) stage,” Garrett said, noting educatorsrarely employ video, unique links, or other technological innovations.“Will it be games? Will it be simulations(模拟)? Will it be social networking? Will it be something we haven’t yet come across?” he said.No one has yet figured out how nursing students can practice drawing blood online, Conlon said. But there have been enhancements such as virtual laboratories where budding (初露头⾓的) chemists can conduct experiments that might be too dangerous or too costly in the real world.Most online course offerings tend toward vocational subjects like business, legal and health care training. Students needing hands-on experience go to Kaplan’s campuses or its partners.Most Kaplan classes are capped at 25 students because faculty can be subjected to communication overload. Students who might have been intimidated to speak up in classrooms often find their voice online.Professors, most with doctorates, are hired for their teaching ability and not for their research, Conlon said.The cost at Kaplan for a four-year college degree is around $65,000, compared to up to $150,000 or more at a private college. Online library access is provided by the University of Alabama in Huntsville.By studying online, Barnwell saved on the time and travel to the university nearest her New Jersey home. Online tuition was less than $30,000, one-third the cost of the university.Roughly half of the 4,500 U.S. brick-and-mortar colleges and universities now have online programs. Some have proven so popular that schools have had to restrict enrollment by on-campus students because they were taking slots (位置) away from off-campus students, said Jeff Seaman, who led a survey on the topic for the Sloan Consortium.Online education is also making inroads (⼊侵) in schools, with one million U.S. elementary and high school students, or some 4 percent of the total, learning online.Some take remedial or advanced placement courses not available at their schools, and some are being home-schooled or live in isolated rural areas.“You’re able to learn at your own pace and you also can have help whenever you need it from the teacher,” said Christopher Cox, 12, a child actor in Columbia, Maryland.Harvard Business School Professor Clayton Christensen predicted half of kindergarten through high school students will attend school online within the next decade.This worries people like Laurie Fendrich who wrote a response to a Washington Post article on the subject.“If we want our kids to end up sitting alone in isolated little rooms when they’re 18 and 20, staring at computer screens instead of facing other real human beings, thinking in a way that turns thought into nothing but bits of information… we could in sert them into comfortable little cocoons in their homes from the age of, oh, say, seven.”1. Janice Barnwell got her master’s degree in business by ______.A) accepting online education B) attending a famous universityC) sharpening her professional skills D) 44 years of educational experience2. When did Janice Barnwell’s fear about online education disappear?A) As soon as she registered for some online courses.B) After more and more students took online courses.C) After she saw her classmates and professors face to face.D) After she interacted with her classmates and professors online.3. What is said about the U.S. online education?A) It came into being in 2002. B) it grows at an annual rate of about 20 %.C) All students who take it are over 22 years old.D) Two millions students take all their courses online.4. President Barack Obama said in his recent speech that ______.A) online colleges fail to meet the goals for higher educationB) the high dropout rate resulted from the price of higher educationC) there are few low-priced colleges available for students and adultsD) more students should learn online to lighten parents’ financial burden5. Jeff Conlon thought they should create 63 million college graduates by 2020 to ______.A) compete with other industrial countriesB) make up for the shortage of college degreesC) make profit from educating more college studentsD) complete the higher educational goals set by Obama6. Accor ding to experts, what’s the opinion of employers about degrees earned online?A) They don’t necessarily bring the expected returns.B) They provide the holders with excellent career prospects.C) They have as much value as those earned in traditional schools.D) They make the holders become more self-disciplined and determined.7. According to Richard Garrett of Boston Consultant Eduventures Inc., the online education _____.A) is at its mature stage B) still need some innovationsC) be given more importance D) has already developed perfectly8. According to Conlon, students could do ________________________________ experimentsonline, which might not be done in the real world.9. Jeff Seaman said that some universities which had online programs had to __________________________ by its own students, so that the off-campus students could attend the programs.10. Professor Clayton Christensen predicted that the proportion of kindergarten through high schoolstudents’ atten ding online schools within the next decade will reach _______________ __________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Boththe conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question therewill be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Look after the dog. C) Look after the dog if she is paid.B) Not look after the dog. D) Find someone to look after the dog.12. A) She is cheerful. C) She feels bored.B) She has nothing. D) She is special.13. A) The exams will be held on Thursday.B) There could be a power out on Thursday.C) The exams will be postponed if there is power failure.D) The exams won’t be postponed unless there is power failure.14. A) The concert was really a time-wasting one.B) The concert tickets could be booked online.C) There were not enough chairs for people to sit on.D) There were too many people lining up for the tickets.15. A) The man likes the coat but not the color.B) The man likes the coat, particularly the color.C) The man doesn’t like the coat except for its color.D) The man doesn’t like the coat, especially its color.16. A) Find a bike shop that’s open all hours.C) Go to a grocery store to buy some food.B) Find a place to watch a midnight show. D) Go to a place to eat that’s open all hours.17. A) The test will probably cover the notes.B) The test will probably not cover the notes.C) The course will need notes for the second part.D) The course doesn’t need notes for the second part.18. A) Colleagues. C) Teacher and student.B) Classmates. D) Employer and employee.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) The size of the campus. C) The length of time for each class.B) The city bus system. D) The university bus system.20. A) The entire campus. C) The campus and the city.B) Part of the campus. D) Only the off-campus areas.21. A) Nothing. C) A few cents.B) Three dollars. D) Fifty cents.22. A) Red. B) Green. C) Yellow. D) Blue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) He might do some evening teaching. B) He could bring unfinished work home.C) He might have time to pursue his interests. D) He could invest more emotion in his family.24. A) To be a mathematician. C) To teach in high school.B) To write his own books. D) To be a medical doctor.25. A) For an easy grade. C) To change his specialty.B) To follow his father. D) For knowledge of poetry.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They lived healthily in a dirty environment.B) They thought bath houses were to dirty to stay in.C) They believed disease could be spread in public baths.D) They considered bathing as the cause of skin disease.27. A) Afraid. B) Curious. C) Approving. D) Uninterested.28. A) To stress the role of dirt. B) To introduce the history of dirt.C) To call attention to the danger of dirt. D) To present the change of views on dirt. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) His past. C) His manner. B) His aging. D) His leaking.30. A) To laugh at the old one. C) To show off its beautiful looks.B) To take pity on the old one. D) To praise the gardener’s kindness.31. A) It was taken as a treasure. C) It stayed in its best condition.B) It had its own function. D) It was used to keep a balance.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) His family business failed.B) He hoped to make his son a dramatist.C) He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”.D) He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.33. A) It focuses on the skills in doing business.B) It talks about the business career of Arthur Miller.C) It discusses the ways to get promoted in a company.D) It exposes the cruelty of the American business world.34. A) It achieved huge success. B) It won the first Tony Award.C) It was warmly welcomed by salesmen. D) It was severely attacked by dramatists.35. A) Arthur Miller and his family. B) The awards Arthur Miller won.B) Arthur Miller and his best-known play. D) The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with theexact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are requiredto fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact wordsyou have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Self-motivation is basically the ability to get yourself to take action whether you feel like it or not. Many people have a (36)_______ when it comes to motivation in general. It can be seen as being lazy or unproductive, but in actuality, no one is really lazy. If you are not (37) _______ of getting yourself to do certain things that you know you should be doing, it’s because you don’t have a strong enough (38) _______ to do it.What can you do to help (39) _______ your self-motivation? One thing you can do is to start giving yourself stronger reasons to be (40) _______ certain things such as taking action towards your goals. Once you have a goal and strong enough reasons to take action, your self-motivation will (41) _______ start to increase. Your reasons can be both positive and negative. You can either do something because you want to get (42) _______ out of completing a task or you want to avoid the (43) _______ of not completing the task. (44)_____________________________________________________________________________________________.The bottom line is that if you want to increase your self-motivation, (45)_____________________________________________________________________________________________. Come up with powerful reasons why you should take action.(46)_________________________________________________________ ____________________________________, you will start to become more and more powerful and will begin to take more action.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.American universities are rushing towards a wireless future. They are installing networks that let students and teachers surf the Internet from laptop computers (笔记本电脑). But professors saythe technology poses a growing 47 : Retaining their students’ attention.In a classroom at American University in Washington D.C., the benefits and 48 of the new wireless work were on display. From the back row of a lecture hall, more than a dozen laptop screens were 49 . As Professor Jay Mallek lectured on the finer points of an office budget, many students went online to surf the Internet. Students write quick emails and send instant messages. A young man shows an amusing email to the women next to him, and then switches over to read the online edition of The Wall Street Journal. Distraction is nothing 50 . As long as there have been schools, students have whispered, passed notes and even gazed out the window and daydreamed. But the 51 of the laptop has introduced new opportunities for distraction, and wireless introduces an even 52 range of distraction.This is 53 annoying for law professors, many of whom still live in the world of paper. “This is something that hurts the students themselves,” said Ian Ayres, professor at Yale Law School, who 54 the Internet’s entry into the classroom. However, Professor Mallek sees it 55 .He said the benefits of the technology outweigh (胜过) the problems. He suggested that it mighteven be making him a better teacher. He takes the 56 of losing his students to email and online newspapers as a challenge to keep lectures lively and interesting.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.When it comes to using technology to foster education, the prevailing wisdom has been that more is better. Over the past decade, universities around the globe have invested heavily in the wired classroom, adding everything from external laptop connections to Blu-ray DVD players. But there is little evidence that these devices enhance learning —and, critics believe, they might actually hinder it, making both students and teachers passive. What if classrooms were restored to the pre-Internet days of wooden tables and chalk?Take technology out of the classroom. Jose Bowen, dean of the Meadows School of the Arts at Southern Methodist University in Texas, has done just that. He wants his faculty to “teach naked”, meaning without the aid of any machines. “Justbecause you have a PowerPoint presentation doesn’t mean you have a good lecture,” he argues. Classroom time should be reserved for discussions with the professor, aimed at teaching students to think critically, argue, and raise newquestions. Due to the grim (严峻的) economic climate at most universities, he says, avoiding newtechnology is also a sound way to save money.Bowen, who teaches music, delivers content via podcasts (播客), which students must listen toon their own time. He then quizzes them on the material before every class to make sure they’ve done the work, and uses class time for discussions and research according to the recorded lessons. He’s been teaching the same material for 25 years, but since he implemented the new way, he says, his students have been more engaged and scored better on exams. College students asked by researchers to list what motivates them have consistently emphasized teacher enthusiasm,organization, and rapport(融洽的关系), while naming lack of active participation as a major disincentive (遏制因素). Last spring the British Educational Research Journal published a surveythat found that 59 percent of students called at least half their lectures boring — particularly those involving PowerPoint.Technology has a place in education, but it should be used independently by students outside the classroom. That gives them more time to absorb lectures via podcast or video, and frees teachers to spend class time coaching students in how to apply the material rather than simply absorb it.57. What’s the opinion of critics about the technology used in the classrooms?A) It helps enhance teaching and learning. B) It puts extra financial burden on schools.C) It may serve as an obstacle to learning. D) It has injected great vitality into the class.58. What does Jose Bowen expect his teachers to do?A) To teach the students how to use technology after class.B) To explain the materials clearly in their unique ways.C) To give PowerPoint presentation when teaching.D) To teach the students without the aid of technology.59. According to the passage, class time should be used to ______.A) discuss how to treat technology B) learn the materials by heartC) promote students’ cri tical thinking D) update students on new information60. What do we learn from the third paragraph?A) Active participation in class stimulates students to learn.B) Students need tests to check what they have learned.C) Most students regard lectures with PowerPoint as less boring.D) Teachers’ influence is the most important factor in teaching.61. What is the author’s attitude towards using technology in the classroom?A) Concerned. B) Indifferent. C) Optimistic. D) Disapproving. Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.A theme is emerging from the flood of recent corporate earnings reports: Cost cuts are boosting profits. Investors are cheering, but they shouldn’t. Even in these tough times, more CEOs s hould be talking about how they are seeking out investments, developing new technologies and making acquisitions.That’s what will set their companies up for a stronger future. Intel Corp.’s former CEO Gordon Moore had it right when he said years ago that “you can’t save your way out of a recession.” He meant that even in the toughest times, companies have to spend money on new ideas. Recessionsalways end, Moore often said, and when they do, companies that embraced innovation(创新) during the downturn won’t be stuck with obsolete products and services. Instead, they’ll have new things to offer once demand picks up again.“Customers don’t come out of recessions spending the way they did before,” said Chunka Mui, who has studied how companies can capitalize on opportunities during crises at his Chicago-based consulting firm, The Devil’s Advocate Group.“They demand something different.”Surprisingly few companies are following Moore’s advice of innovating during recessions. Many have been weakened by the pullback in consumer and business spending as well as tight credit conditions, which is making it harder for companies to get loans to fund their operations.That’s driven some to hold cash and make drastic cost cuts. They’re slashing (⼤幅度削减) jobsand wages and closing stores and factories.The aggressive cuts have allowed companies to exceed Wall Street’s expectations for their earnings. In fact, the “good” news has sent the Dow Jones industrial average above 10,000 for the first time in a year. The problem is that too many companies are making widespread, not focused cuts. They’re telling every division to cut 10 percent of their work force or slashing marketing dollars by the same amount companywide.“That is a quick way to rid a company of costs. But it doesn’t help it get in a better position going forward”, says Cesare Mainardi, managing director at the consulting firm Booz & Co. and co-author of the new book Cut Costs, Grow Stronger, “anda downturn like this should force people’s hand”.62. What does the author think companies should do during a recession?A) Cut jobs and wages so as to save more money.B) Seek ways to make the company go forward.C) Try hard to get loans to fund their operations.D) Motivate the employees by raising the salaries.63. Accord ing to Gordon Moore, when the recession ends, companies that didn’t innovate will______.A) enjoy faster development with the money savedB) set up more factories as consumer demand growsC) be hindered by out-of-date products and servicesD) attract more customers with traditional products64. How do consumers change after the economic crisis?A) They lose confidence in the market. B) They start to live within their means.C) They have different ways of spending. D) They try to avoid unnecessary expenditure.65. What’s Cesare Mainardi’s opinion about companies’ large-scale cuts?A) They do no good to companies’ future development.B) They help the companies out of the crisis quickly.C) They are the only way to get the expected profits.D) They force the employees to work much harder.66. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Recession Not as Bad as Expected C) Financial Crisis Spreading the WorldB) Ways to Save You Out of the Crisis D) Innovation Needed Even in RecessionsPart V Cloze (15 minutes)。
英语四级模拟卷共四套
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(第1套) PartI Writing (30minutes)Direction s:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldSmokingBeBannedinPublicPlaces?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutno morethan180words.1.近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟。
2.有些人拥护这项举措,有些人反对。
3.我的观点。
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
PartII ListeningComprehension (30minutes) SectionADirection s:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbe spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfrom thefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.1.A)ThelawofweaponpurchasinginIllinoisState.B)Therelationshipbetweencrimeandmentalillness.C)ThegraduatestudentofNorthernIllinoisUniversity.D)TheshootinghappenedinNorthernIllinoisUniversity.2.A)Thegunmanhasmentaldisease. C)Thegunmanisdissatisfiedwiththelecture.B)Thegunmanisdissatisfiedwiththeuniversity.D)Itisnotclear.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.3.A)Ithasbeeninfluencedbywar.C)Itismorecompetitivethanbefore.B)Itisdevaluedbyitsgovernment.D)Ithasturnedintoaglobalcurrency.4.A)Mostexpertssupportthefourcountries’currencychange. B)ThemeetingonFridayisuselessforglobalrecovery.C)Currencywarsthreatenglobaleconomicrecovery.ueDst)ioPnosli5cytoma7kewrisllsbheoubladsecdooonpetrhaetefowlliothwicnegntnreawlsbiatnekmer.s.Q5.A)Thepreservationofcoastalresorts. C)Thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.B)Theclosureofpoliticaldisputes.D)Thecommitmentstoreducecarbonemissions.6.A)Promising. B)Hopeful.C)Disappointing. D)Satisfying.7.A)18. B)80.C)94. D)194.SectionBDirection s:Inthissection,youwillhear2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation, oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationand thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD), anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。