新题型05概要写作-浙江高考英语新题型研读与训练
读后续写与概要写作题型剖析及历年真题范文
读后续写与概要写作题型剖析与探究2015 年8 月，在教育部考试中心发布的《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》（高考综合改革试验省份试用）（第一版）中，提出了写作新题型：读后续写或概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用。
读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型，于2016 年10 月首次在浙江英语高考卷中亮相，且至今已被使用了五次；2020年7月全国新高考I卷山东卷也开始使用读后续写题型，随着高考综合改革试点的推广，该题型将会在全国更大范围内使用。
一、考纲摘录题型一：读后续写。
第二节：满分25分。
提供一段350词左右的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写(150词左右)，将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。
阅卷时将主要考虑以下内容：(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;(2)内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;(4)上下文的连贯性。
题型二：概要写作。
第二节：满分25分。
提供一篇350词左右的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
阅卷时将主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;(3)上下文的连贯性;(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
二、考情表解读后续写划线关键词语三、命题探究读后续写要求考生在理解一篇不完整文章的基础上，充分调动想象创新思维，大胆预测文章缺失部分的内容走势，进行充满个性色彩的设计，并用英语进行续写表达。
所提供短文词数在350左右，划线词语涉及到名词(词组)、动词(词组)、介词(词组)和形容词等，其中，以名词(词组)为主，在续写中至少要使用5个关键词语，需要注意：在使用关键词语时根据时态和语态的需要，可以改变动词的形式，可以改变名词的单复数，但不要改变关键词语在原文中的含义和词性；多以记叙文故事类文章或者夹叙夹议类文章为主，故事情节有曲折、有起伏，但故事线索的逻辑性比较强。
浙江新高考英语题型解读—概要写作
浙江新高考英语题型解读—概要写作一、浙江新高考《考试说明》英语写作样题阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) position is gaining some ground.One possible version：People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点 4)1. 文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people have different attitudes towards dirt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on the skin. 范文中的要点1“People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.”概括非常精炼。
浙江新高考英语作文概要和续写
____年xx新高考英语题型解读—概要写作一、____年浙江新高考《考试说明》英语写作样题第二节：概要写作（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) position is gaining some ground.（原创范文，仅供参考）One possible version：People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in history, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (要点 4)【范文点拨】(一)要点分析1. 文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people have different attitudes towards dirt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on the skin. 范文中的要点1“People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. ”概括非常精炼。
浙江省高考新题型概要写作训练指导
纲要写作[考纲解读 ]供给一篇 350 词之内的短文，要求考生鉴于该短文写出一篇 60 词左右的内容纲要。
[原题剖析 ]1．原文资料 350 词之内，纲要写作 40～80 词。
2．原文以说明文、谈论文为主。
3．纲要，基本就是段落粗心。
每段用一句话归纳，或许两段一个粗心，最多用两句话归纳。
4．要侧重训练自己文章要旨粗心和各段段落粗心的归纳归纳能力。
[写作注意事项 ]1．找重点词和主题句，正确理解、剖析原文重点，归纳段落粗心。
2．各重点的表达要相对独立。
3．各重点之间要有适合的连接。
4．句型力争简单，每句话要表意理解，无空泛、抽象、含混之词。
5．尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。
比如，尽量少用关系代词 which，who 等指引的定语从句，而采纳-ing 形式和-ed形式作定语。
6．多使用归纳性词语，少用详细描绘性词语。
[纲要模板及句型 ]1．表示文章的内容以及研究目的①This paper is aimed at/covers/mainly deals with...②The article focuses on the topic of...2．表示研究的结论①The result showed that...②The author found that...③It was concluded that...3．表示介绍、看法或建议The author suggests/considers that...Suggestions are made for...实战操练 1阅读下边短文，依据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容纲要。
As most children return to school, many affluent families are choosing to pull their children out of themainstream education system altogether in favor of having a tutor at home "Around 50 percent of theinquiries we're getting at the moment are for long-term, daily home tutoring," Steve Spriggs, managingdirector of London-based private tutoring service And, he adds, the trend has grown from families asking forpersonal tutors to replicate the classroom environment in their own homes. Many families that were makingthe inquiries for full-time home tutors, Spriggs said, were either travelling so frequently that sending theirchildren to one school was impractical and others did not want their children to go into boarding school.Home tutoring is nothing new, and many tuition firms also offer extra tutoring services to familieswanting their children to have a little extra help learning aheadof entrance exams at competitive privateschools in the U.K., such as Harrow, St. Pauls or Eton."We always make it clear to parents that we will only offer full-time home schooling for a yearthough," Spriggs explained. "Any more than a year and children start to lose out on what a schoolenvironment can give them, such as social skills and that vital interaction they need –although we try tomitigate that anyway in our home tutoring with sports clubs of museum trips as part of the teachingprogram."Spriggs said that the costs of hiring a full-time tutor would exceed the fees of a top boarding school,which usually charge around 35,00￡0 ($54,400) a year. Some families employ two full-time tutors, one tocover humanities and the other to cover science and maths. Devising an educational plan for youngsters inthese situations is not a quick process, however, taking up to six weeks to plan, Spriggs said,with a tutorbeing matched to the child to ensure they are compatible.参照范文： Home tutoring isn ’trare in society. Some rich families choose full-time tutors because of frequenttravelling or because they don ’t want their children to go into boarding sch要oo点l.( 1) Meanwhile, to perform betterin entrance exams, some children need extra tutoring services.( 重点 2) Some tuition firms add some activities to improve the social skills of the children .( 重点 3) Although the costs of home tutoring are high, some families still employ two full-time tutors to ensure their children can gain balanced development.( 重点 4)实战操练 2阅读下边短文，依据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容纲要。
【最新】高考英语浙江专用优编增分二轮：专题五 写作专题五 第1节【含解析】
自2016年10月开始，浙江新高考发生了很大的变化，从题型上看，最大的变化体现在写作上：写作共分为两节：第一节是应用文写作；第二节是读后续写或概要写作。
《考试说明》上明确说明：第二节“两种形式在不同考次不定期的使用”。
无论是“读后续写”还是“概要写作”，要求考生首先需要阅读350词以内的短文，在对所给文章精确理解的基础上布局谋篇，这样所续写部分才不至于偏离主题。
第1节应用文写作浙江卷应用文写作满分15分(占试卷总分的十分之一)，词数80左右，在考查考生遣词造句、布局谋篇能力的同时，更加侧重考查考生的交际能力以及利用所学的知识解决实际问题的能力。
评分原则1．本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4．评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6．如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
评分标准一、把握高分作文的两大特点(一)颜值高，注重外在美写作的得分不仅与内容和语言有关，而且与卷面书写也有关系。
一篇好的写作，如果加上工整漂亮的书写，会使评分者耳目一新；如果字迹工整，大小写和标点使用规范，易于辨认，会使得分档次自然提高。
反之，若字迹潦草，左圈右划，此涂彼改，难于辨认，会令评分人眼花缭乱，得分档次自然不会高。
高考写作评分标准对书写有较高要求，一定要认真、清楚、规范地书写。
保证卷面整洁，提高卷面的“颜值”。
单词与单词之间的距离要适中，能写下一个小写字母a即可。
单词中字母之间的距离也要适当。
字母不可过大或过小，一般情况下每行可写8-10个单词。
(二)有气质，注重内在美1．要点齐全，覆盖所有要点根据题目所给的信息提示，列出写作要点，避免遗漏。
浙江新高考英语写作---概要写作
3. 第三段用Though引出人们对dirt观点的转变
4. 文章最后一段第一句指出，现在人们对于dirt的态度还是有所不同。
(二) 要点连接
在写完了要点之后，下一步的工作就是要把这些要点用适当的连接词进行连接，使上下句之间具有连贯性。 本篇文章整篇结构是总分的结构，要点2和要点3在观点上截然相反，因此，之间需要表示转折的连接词。要点3和要点4 在观点上又存在不同，因此，还是用表转折的连接词。
One possible version： People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in history, people of so me European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. (要点 2 ) Ho wever, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that wa shing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to so me dirt may help our immune system. (要点 4)
浙江高考英语新题型概要写作
第九页，共34页。
概要写作（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概 要。
(Para 1 )Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
第十四页，共34页。
(Para 4) Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt
Step 1: Read
①topic sentence: There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt ② structure
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新题型05 概要写作◆选材特点（1）所需阅读的短文词数在350以内；（2）所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
◆评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的正确性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低；所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
2. 考查能力概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
3.写作步骤1）细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨和结构，明确各段的大意。
2）弄清要求。
新高考的概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。
3）列出原文要点。
分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。
在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
If you haven’t seen alpaca meat (羊驼肉) on the menu yet, chances are you soon will. It is rising in popularity; about 70 restaurants across Australia feature the meat in their dishes. Among them is Melbourne restaurant Pastuso, whose head chef appeared in a video by the Australian Alpaca Association to discuss how people have liked the dish. Alejandro Saravia, a Peruvian cook at Pastuso, described the taste as similar to beef. "Alpaca meat has been very well enjoyed by the Australian public," he said in the video.Famous cook Matt Moran, who owns some of Sydney’s leading restaurants, wrot e an article for The Daily Telegraph to discuss his experience of cooking alpaca meat. Moran said he had never tried the meat until he visited an alpaca farm, and described the flavour as "very tasty", especially the meat from the neck. Alpaca meat has also starred in dishes at the Melbourne Food and Wine Festival, with The Age reporting in 2013 about 20 Australian restaurants served the meat, a number which has grown quickly since.Melbourne restaurant San Telmo’s head cook Mike Patrick researched an alpac a dish, and said the response was mixed. "It was 50/50：some people said ‘oh wow —what are you cooking that for? No thank you’ and others thought ‘this is really cool and something different and I want to have a try’. The people who tried it loved it. It’s a point of difference and people like that."In Australia alpacas are farmed mainly for their fur, but the Australian Alpaca Association website said farming alpacas for meat is a growing industry. Alpaca meat is a good source of protein with little saturated fat and cholesterol(胆固醇); it is also environmentally friendly when people feed them. Alpacas are able to stand dry conditions for longer than most other animals, and their soft feet cause little damage to the soil and ecosystem._________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________文章大意Paragraph 1：如果你还没有在菜单上看到过羊驼肉，那么你很快就会看到了。
羊驼肉正越来越流行。
Paragraph 2：厨师Matt Moran称直到他参观了一个羊驼牧场他才尝试了羊驼肉，并表示它的味道美极了。
羊驼肉美妙的味道使其逐渐被列入节日活动及餐厅的菜单中。
Paragraph 3：一半的人喜欢羊驼肉的美味，而另一半的人还不愿意尝试。
Paragraph 4：在澳大利亚，人们饲养羊驼主要是为了它的皮毛，而将羊驼作为肉食动物饲养的这个产业正在发展，因为羊驼肉富含饱和脂肪和胆固醇含量比较低的蛋白质，且饲养羊驼也比较环保。
【范文】You may soon enjoy alpaca meat because it is becoming popular. (要点1) More and morerestaurants are serving it for its delicious taste, which is thought highly of by cooks. (要点2)About half people wanting to try it like its taste while others even refuse to try it. (要点3)Alpaca meat is rich in health-beneficial protein and raising alpacas does little harm to theenvironment and ecosystem, which leads to the development of the industry of feeding alpacasfor meat.(要点4)概要写作，其实我们考生并不陌生，在日常的英语教学中，教师经常让学生就所学英语课文逐段概括段落大意或者复述课文，这在一定程度上都为概要写作打基础。
除此之外，作为考生，还要注意以下几点：（1）积累常见的同义短语和句型转换，掌握并运用单词、短语和句型。
“巧妇难为无米之炊”，即使有再好的写作技巧，如果没有相应的基础词汇和句法知识，也很难写出概要写作的上乘之作。
因此，考生要在基础词汇和句法知识上下功夫，以不变应万变。
（2）进行适度地专题练习。
有计划地进行适度练习有利于考生快速掌握概要写作的要点，找到概要写作的感觉，冲破对概要写作的不适感。
平时可多关注往年的高考阅读文章，进行结构分析和主旨概括训练。