2020-2021第二学期在职研究生试卷
2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学(二)真题完整版(含答案及解析)
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在职研究生考试试题
在职研究生考试试题一、选择题1. 在职研究生教育的主要目标是（）。
A. 提升学术研究水平B. 增强职业竞争力C. 促进社会经济发展D. 以上皆是2. 下列关于在职研究生考试的说法，正确的是（）。
A. 考试内容只涉及专业知识B. 考试形式仅为笔试C. 考试成绩是录取的唯一标准D. 考试旨在综合评估考生能力3. 在职研究生考试的报名条件通常包括（）。
A. 学历要求B. 工作经验C. 年龄限制D. A和B4. 在职研究生学习方式的特点包括（）。
A. 灵活的学习时间B. 结合工作实践C. 网络教学为主D. A和B5. 在职研究生学位授予的条件是（）。
A. 完成规定课程学习B. 通过考试C. 完成论文或项目D. A和C二、填空题1. 在职研究生考试的目的是__________________________。
2. 报名参加在职研究生考试的考生需要具备__________________________。
3. 在职研究生考试的科目通常包括__________________________。
4. 在职研究生学习期间，学生需要将__________________________。
5. 完成在职研究生学习后，学生可以获得__________________________。
三、简答题1. 请简述在职研究生教育与全日制研究生教育的主要区别。
2. 描述在职研究生考试的一般流程。
3. 讨论在职研究生教育对于个人职业发展的潜在影响。
四、论述题1. 分析在职研究生考试对于提升在职人员综合素质的作用。
2. 探讨在职研究生教育在当前社会经济发展中的重要性。
3. 论述在职研究生考试制度的优缺点及其改进建议。
五、案例分析题某公司中层管理者李先生，拥有五年工作经验，本科学历。
为了提升自己的管理能力和业务水平，决定报考在职研究生项目。
请根据李先生的情况，分析他报考在职研究生的优势与可能面临的挑战，并提出相应的建议。
六、综合题1. 假设你是一家公司的人力资源经理，公司计划选拔一批优秀的在职研究生加入。
在职研究生考试试题
选择题：在进行学术研究时，以下哪一项是确保研究质量的关键环节？A. 数据的收集与分析（正确答案）B. 研究主题的流行度C. 研究时间的长短D. 研究经费的多少下列哪一项最能体现在职研究生学习的特点？A. 全日制学习B. 工作与学习相结合（正确答案）C. 仅注重理论学习D. 无实践机会在职研究生在选择研究课题时，应优先考虑哪个因素？A. 课题的热门程度B. 课题与实际工作的相关性（正确答案）C. 课题的研究难度D. 课题的研究历史以下哪一项是撰写学术论文时，引言部分的主要作用？A. 详细阐述研究方法B. 介绍研究背景与意义（正确答案）C. 展示研究成果D. 总结研究结论在职研究生如何平衡工作、学习和生活的关系？A. 放弃工作，全身心投入学习B. 合理规划时间，确保三者兼顾（正确答案）C. 忽视生活，只关注工作和学习D. 依赖他人帮助，自己不做规划下列哪一项是在职研究生提高学习效率的有效方法？A. 熬夜学习B. 制定详细的学习计划并执行（正确答案）C. 临时抱佛脚D. 只在心情好时学习在职研究生进行学术交流的主要目的是？A. 展示个人才华B. 拓宽视野，促进学术发展（正确答案）C. 结识更多朋友D. 获取更多证书以下哪一项不是在职研究生面临的常见挑战？A. 时间管理困难B. 工作与学习压力大C. 缺乏学术指导D. 课余生活过于丰富（正确答案）在职研究生在撰写毕业论文时，应如何选题？A. 选择容易通过的课题B. 选择与自己工作密切相关的课题（正确答案）C. 选择研究经费充足的课题D. 选择导师指定的课题。
在职研究生入学考试试题
在职研究生入学考试试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪项不是在职研究生的特点？A. 学术性B. 专业性C. 灵活性D. 全日制2. 在职研究生教育的主要目的是：A. 培养学术型人才B. 培养应用型人才C. 培养管理型人才D. 培养研究型人才3. 在职研究生入学考试通常包括哪些科目？A. 政治理论B. 外国语C. 业务课一D. 所有以上4. 下列哪项不是在职研究生需要考虑的因素？A. 工作与学习的平衡B. 学费C. 学校地理位置D. 必须全日制上课5. 在职研究生的课程设置通常具有哪些特点？A. 理论性强B. 实践性强C. 灵活性高D. 课程固定不变6. 在职研究生的学位证书与全日制研究生的学位证书：A. 有明显区别B. 完全相同C. 法律效力不同D. 社会认可度不同7. 在职研究生的招生对象通常是：A. 应届本科毕业生B. 有工作经验的在职人员C. 高中毕业生D. 无特定要求8. 在职研究生的学习形式包括：A. 完全自学B. 网络教育C. 集中授课D. 所有以上9. 在职研究生的学费一般：A. 高于全日制研究生B. 低于全日制研究生C. 与全日制研究生相同D. 无明确规定10. 下列哪项不是在职研究生入学考试的录取标准？A. 考试成绩B. 工作经验C. 个人资产D. 面试表现二、简答题（每题5分，共30分）11. 简述在职研究生教育与全日制研究生教育的主要区别。
12. 描述在职研究生入学考试的一般流程。
13. 解释在职研究生在学习过程中如何平衡工作与学习。
14. 阐述在职研究生选择专业时需要考虑的因素。
15. 讨论在职研究生学位证书的社会认可度及其影响因素。
16. 说明在职研究生在学习过程中可能遇到的挑战及应对策略。
三、论述题（每题25分，共50分）17. 论述在职研究生教育对于个人职业发展的意义。
18. 分析在职研究生教育在当前社会经济发展中的作用及其面临的挑战。
四、案例分析题（每题30分）19. 假设你是一名在职研究生，你的工作单位突然要求你长期出差，这将严重影响你的学习计划。
在职研究生综合考试试题答案
中央党校函授学院二OO 七级研究生综合考试复习题一、涉及参考书《西方经济学》 谢鲁江主编《西方管理理论的产生与发展》 李兴山主编 《宏观经济管理通论》 赵长茂主编 《现代管理学》 考试题型(一) 单项选择题 (每个题中只有一个正确答案， 请在答题上写明正确选项 的题号，共 100题，考试抽 20题，每题 1分，共 20分)。
(二) 辨析题(先回答对错，再说明理由，共 40题，考试抽 8 题，每题 8 分)。
(三) 论述题(共 5 题，考试抽 1 题，16 分)。
全部复习内容共计 145 个题、单项选择题1、在经济学中，稀缺是相对( A )而言的2、需求函救概念反映影响需求量的因素，它说明影响需求的因素是(A )(C)价格 (D )收入3、边际效用指的是( C )(A) 消费全部商品所得到的整个效用 (B )消费每个商品所得到的平均效用7、下列各等式哪个正确( A )(A) 社会总供给=国内生产总值+商品和劳务的进口一出口(A )人的需要的无限性 (B )商品供不应求 (C )产品的短缺(D )资源枯竭(A) 多种因素(B) 单一因素(C )新增一个商品消费所得到的新增效用 4、利润最大化原则就是( B )(A) 总收益要尽可能大于总成本 (C )生产函数等于成本函数5、 公开市场业务是( A )的业务(A) 政府在资本市场买卖政府债券 (C )政府强制企业市场信息公开6、 政府第二次调节属于( D )(A) 事后调节(C )事前调节(D) 消费商品所得到的满足程度(B) 边际收益等于边际成本 (D )确立生产最佳阶段的原则(B) 政府在市场公开买卖资产 (D )政府抑制垄断、鼓励竞争 (B) 事中调节 (D )高层次调节(B)社会总供给=国民生产总值+商品和劳务的进口一出口(C)社会总供给=国内生产总值+商品和劳务的出口一进口(D)社会总供给=国民生产总值+商品和劳务的出口一进口8、社会总供给与总需求体系中，以下说法中哪个不正确( A )(A)当意愿总需求大于意愿总供给时，实际总需求等于意愿总需求(B)当意愿总需求大于意愿总供给时，实际总需求等于意愿总供给(C)实际总供给与实际总需求恒等 (D)有效总供给与有效总需求恒等9、人们一般把德国的市场经济模式称为( C )(A)计划调节与市场调节相结合的模式(B)自由市场模式(C)社会市场经济模式(D)政府监管模式10、财政政策与货币政策相比，下面哪个说法不正确( B )(A)资金使用效率较差(B)对总需求的调节不如货币政策直接(C)调节作用力度较大，不容易形成“微调”的效果(D)灵活性较大11、学习西方管理理论的主线是( C )(A)激励理论(B)科学管理(C)人性假设(D)权变理论12、彼得•圣吉提出未来最成功的企业将是( C )(A)事业部组织 (B)网络组织(C)学习型组织 (D)公司制组织13、法约尔认为，管理由( D )五个要素构成(A)人力、物力、财力、信息、技术(B)技术、商业、财务、安全、会计(C)目标、决策、沟通、协调、文化(D)计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制14、管理过程理论各个代表人物对管理职能的划分有所不同，但对三项职能认识一致，它们是( A )(A)计划、组织、控制(B)计划、指挥、人事(C)计划、指挥、控制(D)计划、协调、控制15、( B )强调定量分析、建立模型(A)科学管理理论(B)管理科学理论（C）目标管理理论（D）比较管理理论16、下面哪一项不符合生产经营性企业特点（ A ）（A）以销定产（B）以产定销（C）用户至上（D）市场导向17、下面哪个观点符合法约尔关于经营与管理的论述（ C ）（A）经营与管理是同一概念（B）经营与管理是没有关系的两部分（C）经营包括管理（D）管理包括经营18、企业管理的三个维度指的是（A ）（A）环境管理、目标管理、人力资源管理（B）人力管理、物力管理、财力管理（C）生产管理、供应管理、营销管理（D）战略管理、组织机构、企业文化19、以下哪个战略是总体战略（D ）（A）投资战略（B）人事战略（C）产品战略（D）攻势战略20、企业在制定战略的过程中，必须对企业所处行业的体制进行详细的分析，在此基础上运用五种力量模型和四种通用战略来获取竞争的优势地位，是（A ）的观点？（A）设计学派（B）定位学派（C）认识学派（D）结构学派21、“经济人”概念是微观经学的基本前提，这一概念的涵义是（C ）。
2020在职研究生英语考试模拟试题及答案(双证)
2020在职研究生英语考试模拟试题及答案(双证)一、单选题（共50题，共100分）1.The first important exposition in the United States was held in Philadelphia in 1876.A.exhibitionB. concertC. excursionD.contest2. Formpated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.A. emphatically statedB. belligerently(aggressively) arguedC. accentuated(emphasize)D. entreated 恳求（implore, plea, invoke ）3.A mythical(imaginary) creature, the dragon was believed to have lion's claws, scaly skin, and fiery breath.A. legendaryB. magicalC.frighteningD.perplexing4.Formerly , in the United States, many nurses worked as private duty nurses rather than in hospitals.A.PreviouslyB. StrictlyC. OfficiallyD. Periodically5.The future survival of the bald eagle is still an important American ecological concern.A. migrationB.poppationC. existenceD. evolution6.Mary McCarthy s satires 讽刺文学 are couched in a prose style that has a classic precision.A.fusedB.prefacedC. standardizedD. expressed7.In 1974 Henry Aaron broke Babe Ruth's monumental lifetime record of 714 home runs.A.archaic(old, antique)B. degrading (discredit)C.outstandingD.entire8.Bats fly, rather than glide, and thus are the only mammals capable of true flight.A.straightB. safeC.realD.rapid9.The company issues an annual report every March.A.a yearlyB. a comprehensiveC. a financialD.a product10.Some sea urchins海胆 have venomous (toxin) spinesA.sensuous (feeling)B.crooked (twisted)C. poisonousD.sticky11.In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states wopd break away from the Union.A.strangeB. certainC.inconsistentD. proper12.The first paper was made from the bark of the mpberry tree.A. dried woodB. outer coveringC.syrup(sirup)D. root13.The megaphone(microphone) makes the voice sound louder because it points sound waves in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.A.slitheringB.radiatingC. interferingD. murmuring14.Blue－green algae grow abundantly in salt marshes.A. primarilyB.slowlyC.on plants(cptivate)D. in great numbers15.Ella Grasso, elected governor of Connecticut in 1974, supported the enactment (given, granted) of afreedom-of-information law.A. passingB.advocatesC. draftingD. circpation16.Eyespots, the most rudimentary eyes, are found in protozoan 原生动物 flagellates 鞭毛虫 , flatworms 扁形虫 , and segmented worms片段蠕虫 .A.hostile-lookingB.perceptiveC. primitiveD.strangely formed17.Some cosmetics manufacturers attempt to capture the rose's unmistakable fragrance香味 in soaps and perfumes.A.designB.textureC. scentD. freshness18.In literature, caricatures讽刺画 usually contain verbal exaggeration through which the writer achieves comic and often satiric 讽刺effects.A. banter 取笑 (tease)B. humorC. interactionD. overstatement19.The wheels of the first road vehicles were fashioned from crude stone disks.A.hand-carvedB.roughly madeC. flatD. heavy20.When carbon is added to iron in the proper proportions , the respt is steel.A. containerB. sequenceC. laboratoriesD.amounts21.With the acquisition of smaller companies by larger ones, the 1960's saw a wave of new conglomerates.A. surgeB.handfpC. suspensionD. dissolution 分解22.While Billie Holiday did not invent the music called "the blues", she most assuredly helped popparize it.A. finallyB.certainlyC.earnestlyD.enthusiastically23.The controls of most modern airplanes can be operated either manually or automatically.A.by the bookB.by a mapC. by logicD. by hand24.In calcpating the daily calorie requirements for an inpidual, variations in body size, physical activity, and age shopd be taken into account.A. numberedB. stabilizedC. contrastedD.considered25. Communication is one of the most important bonds that hold cptural systems together.A.obligationsB.qualitiesC. linksD. needs26.Alligators still exist in some of the dank 潮湿 swamps and bayous小海湾 of Alabama's coastal regions.A. weirdly 古怪的 fascinatingB. mythicalC. drab(monotonous)D. unpleasantly humid27.Urban renewal programs strive to upgrade areas that are becoming slums.A.reproachB. improveC.fortifyD.uproot28.Insect pests are among the leading causes of crop failure.A.expectedB. chiefC. naturalD. least29.In the northeastern United States, it rains intermittently 间歇地 throughout the spring.A.steadilyB.abundantlyC. periodicallyD. daily30.An oversight 遗漏 (miss, overslaugh) in proofreading often respts in printed errors.A.An inconsistencyB. A discriminationC. A blotchD.An inattention31.The Native American interpreter Sacajawea was a valuable member of the Lewis and dark expedition in 1805.A.very friendlyB. very usefpC. very thoughtfp.D.very wealthy32.Cream of tartar 酒石 , a weak acid, can be added to eggwhites to help them foam泡沫 when they are beatenA.whippedB. agedC.boiledD.cracked33.Solid geometry has enabled astronomers to calcpate the positions of the heavenly bodies relative to one another.A. on top ofB.next toC.in spite ofD. with respect to34.One of the greatest breakthroughs for professional women came in 1973 when the field of banking opened up for them.A. most serious disappointmentsB.most significant advancesC. most abrupt declinesD. most crucial situations35.People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable .A.easily annoyedB. illC. wearyD.stiff and sore36.Although the Carbon 14 method of dating old objects is not foolproof , it is the best method available at presentA.wholly operationalB.entirely serviceableC.fply reliablepletely safe37.The economy of Dallas, Texas, is strong and persified .A.inflatedB. stableC. variedD.well-regpatedets are still regarded with awe by some people.A. wonderB.concernC.resentmentD.detachment39.The Salk vaccine is a major factor in the fight to eradicate polio.pletely destroyB. carefply disguiseC. sustainD. contain40.By the nineteenth century, embroidery on men's clothing had virtually disappeared except for the occasional decorative vest and tie.A. almostB. definitelyC.alreadyD.universally41.Double Eagle in the first transatlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowds in France.A.eagerB.surgingC.appreciativeD.vigorous42.Some animals pant and sweat to speed evaporation of body moisture and thus cool themselves.A.wiggle 摆动 slowlyB. breathe quicklyC. restD.perspire43.Some children display an unquenchable 难以抑制的curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A.insatiable 贪的无厌的B. inherentC.indiscriminate 不加选择的D. incredible44.With lasers scientists can probe many physical processes, such as combustion, once beyond our ken.视野A. understandingB. responsibilityC.interpretationD. notice45.Food must be moist in order to have a taste.A.appetizing(delicious)B. nutritiousC. dampD. chewed46.The flower bud of a water lily 百合 opens at sunset since .its opening is triggered(commence) .by the decreased light.A. alleviated 减轻B. enduredC.set offD.covered up47. All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a respt ofB.consideringC.cognizant of(conscious of, aware of)D. whatever48.The fear of smallpox, which terrorized the eighteenth century, has no analogy(likeness) today.A. occurrenceB. remnants 残留物C. witnessesD. parallel49.How many people are aware that a dancer with the New York City Ballet typically wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes per year?A.onlyB. exactlyC. at leastD.fewer than50.Despite the proliferation of other faster modes of transportation, the railroads remain the largest carriers of intercity freight in the United States.A.schemesB. meansC.tracksD. variables1、正确答案： A2、正确答案： A3、正确答案： A4、正确答案： A5、正确答案： C6、正确答案： D7、正确答案： C8、正确答案： C9、正确答案： A10、正确答案： C12、正确答案： B13、正确答案： B14、正确答案： D15、正确答案： A16、正确答案： C17、正确答案： C18、正确答案： D19、正确答案： B20、正确答案： D21、正确答案： A23、正确答案： D24、正确答案： D25、正确答案： C26、正确答案： D27、正确答案： B28、正确答案： B29、正确答案： C30、正确答案： D31、正确答案： B32、正确答案： A34、正确答案： B35、正确答案： A36、正确答案： C37、正确答案： C38、正确答案： A39、正确答案： A40、正确答案： A41、正确答案： A42、正确答案： D43、正确答案： A44、正确答案： A45、正确答案： C46、正确答案： C47、正确答案： D48、正确答案： D49、正确答案： C50、正确答案： B。
2021年在职研究生考试题
2021年在职研究生考试题：英语模拟试题及答案202*年在职研究生考试题：英语模拟试题及答案Paper One Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points) Section A Dialogue Completion Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1. Speaker A: I would like to see Prof. Adams, please. Speaker B: __________ A. Where are you from? B. He is happy now, and he wants to see you. C. Do you have an appointment with him? D. No. He is free and he will be glad to see you. 2. Speaker A: I need a book, Critical Review on Nineteenth Century for History 312. Speaker B: __________ A. History books can琀 be taken out of the library. B. History books are highly recommended here. C. It is a reserved book, and you can read it here only. D. It has been translated into English already. 3. Speaker A: Ground Hotel. May I help you? Speaker B: __________ A. Sorry. I don琀 think you arehelpful. B. Yes. We need three single rooms for this weekend. C. Thank you. I搀 like to make a longdistance call to Shanghai. D. All right. Here is your single room. 4. Speaker A: May I see your driver猀license, please? Speaker B: Sorry. I didn琀 see that sign. __________ A. All right. I haven琀 done anything wrong. B. Well. What猀 the matter? C. No. But I was driving at 65 miles per hour. D. Here you are.5. Speaker A: Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the nearest post office? Speaker B: ________ A. OK. I搀 like to go with you. B. No problem. It猀 my pleasure to direct you. C. Sorry. I洀 busy now. Go away. D. Of course. Go down this street and turn left. Section B Dialogue Comprehension Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C, andD. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices give and mark your answer on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. 6. Man: I was always surprised to see Tom using that tape recorder you were going to throw away. Woman: Yes, it猀 very old. Thathe got it to work amazes me. Question: What does the woman say about Tom? A. He fixed the tape recorder. B. Although old, he is still working. C. His love for music surprised the two speakers. D. He picked up the tape recorder from the garbage can. 7. Woman: I can琀wait to see the look on Mary猀 face when she opens our gift. Man: Neither can I. Question: What does the man mean? A. He can琀 imagine what his friends got for him. B. He always knows what Mary will say. C. He is anxious to see Mary猀 reaction to the gift. D. Heis too busy to wait. 8. Woman: If these prices get any higher, I氀氀 have to go on a diet. Man: You should anyway. Question: What does the woman tell us? A. She will continue with her diet. B. She might die any day. C. She can琀 afford expensive food. D. She is overweight. 9. Man: Does everything look right to you?I want it to be perfect. Woman: I think you瘀攀 made a mistake. The napkins go on the left and the silverware on the right. Question: What are they talking about?A. Laying the table.B. Polishing silver.C. Sewing napkins.D. Putting the food away. 10. Woman: Tom, I洀 glad I ran into you. I瘀攀 been trying to call you butyou爀攀 never home. Where have you been hiding lately? Man: Actually I瘀攀 been very busy recently. I洀 getting ready to go to the States for Christmas, and I have amillion things to do. Question: Why couldn琀 the woman get the man on the phone? A. Because he has been hiding lately. B. Because he has been busy preparing his trip.C. Because he has been back home.D. Because he has to work hard for traveling expense Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. 11. The science of medicine, we owe a great deal, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences. A. in which B. to which C. at which D. for which12. Students at colleges in large cities ran into debts because it was easier for them to find part-time jobs than those in rural areas. A. few B. fewer C. little D. less 13. The woman does not mind in the bedroom.A. her husband猀 smokingB. her husband猀 smokeC. her husband to smoke D her husband to smoke 14. Irealized that she was the woman the world event onyesterday猀 TV program. A. reported B. having reporting C. to report D. reporting 15. Marytold me that you were going to make a long journey to Australia, ? A. didn琀 you B. weren琀 you C. wouldn琀 D. hadn琀 you 16. , we turn on the air-conditioner. A. It is a hot day B. Being a hot day C. It is being a hot day D. The day being hot 17. No sooner had we reached the railway station it started to rain. A. when B. while C. then D. than18. Accustomed to climbing trees, . A. I had nodifficulty reaching the top B. reaching the top was not hard to me C. the top was not difficult for me to reach D. to reach the top was not a problem for me 19. Peter likes watching TV to the cinema. A. more than to goB. more than goingC. than goingD. rather than to go 21. 20. It was the training that he had as a young man made him such a good engineer. A. has B. later C. which D. that 21. To my great surprise the food was still on the table, . A. untouching B. no touch C. untouched D. not to be touched 22. The power was _________ by him, and many innocent people were punished.A. behavedB. abusedC. betrayedD. bargained23. They have agreed that they will ________ in the policy and will not change it. A. commit B. persist C. combine D. collapse 24. The police have the _______ proof of his guilt in murdering the woman. A. brutal B. blank C. beneficial D. absolute 25. Both sides have agreed that any ________action must be turnedinto peace. A. accidental B. aggressive C. abstract D. adequate 26. The country which was hit by earthquake ________ to the United Nations for aid.A. accelerateB. cherishC. appealD. characterize 27. The company has to _________ the benefits against the costs in the last three months. A. boast B. blame C. block D. balance 28. Many people there try to __________ that shop because of its unreasonable prices. A. stay away from B. brandC. keep in contact withD. bury 29. It took the old lady almost three months to her illness. A. get over B. go over C. get through D. go through 30. It猀 beyond any doubt that human beings cannot a nuclear war.A. endureB. maintainC. surviveD. sustain Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage One When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the most widely grown plant in the Americas. This plant 猀 range extended from what is now southern Canada to lower South America. At that time some tribes cultivated it at sea level, others at elevation of more than 11,000 feet. “Columbus had no way of knowing that corn was far more valuable than the spices (香料) and gold he had hoped to find.” said Frances B. King, a professor at a university of Pittsburgh. Through human intervention, this plant has developed into several hundred races, or varieties. Their heights vary from 2 to 12 feet, and their maturity ranges from little more than 2 months to almost a year. Their ears vary not only in color, but also in size. Unlike other cereals (谷类)， corn bears little resemblance to its wild ancestors. In fact, it differs from the appearance of its immediate ancestors more than any other cultivated plant known. From humble origins as a lowlandgrass, corn developed into the western world猀 important grain. As its high yields allowed communities to grow far beyond what early agriculture could feed, most scientists viewed corn as having largely fueled pre-Columbian growth and civilization. Now, new findings are greatlyaltering researchers notions about the time when corn revolution occurred. New dates for its emergence from Mesoamenrica do not support the widely held view. The evidence now suggests that the signs of corn in Americas can date back 5,500 years at least. 31. The first paragraph states that corn _____. A. was mainly grown at sea level B. was not grown below the elevation of 11,000 feet C. was widely grown in Canada only D. spread throughout Americas 32. The second paragraph implies that _____. A. the purpose of Columbus exploration was to discover corn B. corn was one of Columbus discoveries, but more precious than anything else C. Columbus knew corn so well that he brought back to Europe at once D. corn was the only Columbus discovery that was remembered 33. According to the passage, some varieties of corn can _____. A. ripen little more than 2 months B. last little more than 2 months C. stayfresh for almost a year D. stay alive from 2 months to almost a year 34. Corn helped the early communities to grow because _____. A. it was easy to digest B. it had a lot of varieties C. it could produce high yields D. it could last long 35. The widely held view was challenged by _____. A. a new revolution B. new findings about corn C. the signs of corn 5,500 years ago D. new dates for communities emergence Passage Two Women on a touring holiday of Britain were injured by an explosion in their motor van in the center of Norwich yesterday. Shoppers, traders and businessmen in Red Lion Street were shocked by a loud bang, and seconds later the two men jumped over from the vehicle. Several people rushed to give assistance and helped to put out the fire inside the vehicle. “I heard this explosion. It was pretty loud. I thought it could have been a bomb.” Said Mr. Leslie Webster, manager of the market, who was working in his office in Red Lion Street. “I looked out of the window and saw this lad leap from the van and roll on the ground. Then another lad came out of the van. He seemed to be in a worse state --- parts of his trousers were hanging below his knee.”“I came downstairs to get a fireextinguisher(灭火器)， but by the time I got outside someone from the bank was in the van with an extinguisher.”Mr. Webster, who lives at 71, Trinity Street, Norwich, said both victims were shocked. One was taken into the market猀 office to await an ambulance. “The second man insisted on going back into the van to see if everything was all right, and five minutes later he came out with a drawer that was blazing.” He added. The explosion was also heard inside the bank. Staff provided a fire extinguisher and telephoned for an ambulance. Although a plastic window was blown out, damage inside the vehicle was mainly superficial. The two men have spent the last six months touring the Continent and has traveled to Norwich from Snetterton. At the time of the incident their wives were shopping in the city. 36. The two men in the van ______. A. were unhurt B. were slightly hurt C. were shocked and badly hurt D. needed a long-time treatment 37. The word “leap” most probably means ______. A. jump over B. step up C. fall down D. get out 38. In Mr. Webster猀 opinion, the explosion ______. A. was almost a bomb B. wasn琀 a bomb C. was like a bomb D. was a bomb 39. Inthe accident ______. A. the windows of the bank were blown out B. the contents of the van were damagedC. everything in the van was all rightD. the van was burned 40. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Mr. Webster saw what had happened.B. Mr. Webster helped to put out the fire.C. Mr. Webster didn琀 take a fire extinguisher to the van.D. Mr. Webster wanted to help in the accident but he didn琀have a chance Passage Three Everyone experiences fear during major crisis—such as fires, automobile accidents, etc. Some people even feel very nervous when they fly in airplanes. No matter how hard they try, they cannot lower their anxiety. Some people try to hide their nervousness: they try to disguise their anxiety by telling jokes. Others become loud and aggressive, attacking people by making them the butt of cruel jokes. Sometimes making someone else the target of jokes is an attempt to control one猀 own fears—to master anxiety. A number offactors can be mentioned as important in explaining why some people have a fear of flying: early childhood experiences, general sense of security, fear of heights, trust in others, percentage of alcohol in blood, etc. Thememory of a bad experience can sometimes trigger the same fear caused by that experience. Thus, a child might be frightened by the sight of a dog even though he is safe, merely because he once had a bad experience with a dog. A bad experience can be the cue that triggers our fears. But the crucial factor seems to be a feeling of no control. Usually we are able to suppress our feelings so that they do not affect our behavior. But sometimes the tension produced by our fears is so great that we cannot suppress it. At such time we need to discharge the tension by laughing or crying. By smiling foolishly and talking loudly, we are able to repress the rising feeling of fear so that it does not affect the way we behave. Because it is necessary to recognize a problem before it can be solved, admitting that we are afraid is an integral part of the process of mastering our fears. 36. To make someone the butt of jokes means ______. A. to make someone become the object of jokes B. to force someone to enjoy jokes C. to entitle someone to tell jokes D. to offend someone by jokes 37. What is the positive purpose of people猀 telling jokes? A. To show one猀sense of humor. B. To control one猀 own fears. C.To disguise their anxiety. D. To attack others. 38. To master anxiety means ______. A. to be familiar with tension B. to hold back the feeling of uneasinessC. to conquer the feeling of nervousnessD. to be good at the subject of anxiety 39. According to the author, which of the following is the most important factor triggering the feeling of fear? A. The fear of heights.B. Early childhood experience.C. The general sense of security.D. A feeling of no control. 40. According to the concluding paragraph, what is essential to gothrough the process of mastering one猀 fears? A. To be conscious of the way of mastering fears. B. To repress the rising feeling of fear. C. To admit the feeling of fears. D. To control one猀 feelings. Passage Four Any country has good reason to want its citizens to be as healthy as possible, since one of its greatest resources is an active population. No country wants its people to suffer unnecessarily from ill health. This was the kind of thinking which led to the introduction of a health servicein many countries. In Britain this has developed into a “Welfare State” in which all citizens, rich and poor alike, can get most health treatment free. The money forthis is partially raised by contributions from employers and employees. As three decades have shown, such automatic arrangements are not always ideal and there are arguments for and against the Health Service. The number of patients treated every year and the cost of treatment are much greater than was estimated. This means that the people who work for the Health Service—doctors, nurses and other hospital staff—have much more routine work to do and as a result they have little time for preventive medicine. The Health Service does need more staff—a need that can only be met if more money is made available to it. However, a powerful argument for the Health Service is that many people are able to receive expensive treatment which they could never afford themselves. Sometimes this free treatment is abused and people visit their doctors when they don琀 really need to. Because they have so many patients, doctors cannot spend as long with each one as they would like, and some people prefer to pay for private treatment so that their doctors can give them more time. In fact, some wealthy people feel that they should pay, and so free more money for treatment to others. 46. In the author猀 view, Britain is a Welfare State in that ______.A. all citizens are entitled to a free medical treatment in some senseB. poor, unlike the rich, could enjoy free medical treatmentC. health service is highly developed in BritainD. Britain doesn琀 allow its people tosuffer unnecessarily from ill health 47. We can infer from the passage that ______. A. the Health Service is introduced to many other countries by Britain B. the Health Service has been introduced and developed for 30 years in Britain C. an active population is thegreatest resource in Britain D. all citizens in Britain have a good opinion of the Health Service 48. The best title for the passage would be ______. A. A Welfare State B. Importance of the Health Service C. Disadvantages of the Health Service D. The Health Service 49. The author mentions that some wealthypeople prefer to pay for private treatment because ______.A. their doctors can give them more time leave from workB. those doctors have better medical instrumentsC.they might save some money for the poor D. theirdoctors have a stronger sense of responsibility for the patients 50. The word “abused” (Par. 4) means ______.A. destroyedB. used in wrong wayC. ignoredD.wasted Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the answer sheet with a single line through the center. The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of “electronic currency”。
2021年在职攻读教育硕士学位全国联考教育学考试真题
教诲学试题一、选取题：1-45小题，在每个小题给出四个选项中，请选出一种最符合题目规定。
1、最早明确提出教诲学科学性问题是（）A．裴斯泰洛齐 B.赫尔巴特 C.夸美纽斯 D.杜威2、实验教诲学代表人物是（）A．培根 B.洛克 C.梅伊曼 D.狄尔泰3、学校教诲与生产劳动相脱离始于（）A．原始社会 B.奴隶社会 C.封建社会 D.资本主义社会4、制度化教诲产生标志是（）A．教诲实体 B.学校 C.私立教诲 D.终身教诲5、1995年颁布《中共中央国务院关于加速科学技术进步决定》，初次提出（）A．把教诲列为“经济发展战略重点之一”B．提出“百年大计，教诲为本”，强调教诲突出战略位置C．提出“必要把教诲摆在优先发展战略地位”D．提出“在全国实行科教兴国”战略6、裴斯泰洛齐人为：“为人在世，可贵者在于发展，在于发展个人天赋内在力量，使其通过锻炼，使人能尽其才，能在社会上达到她应有地位。
这就是教诲最后目。
”这句话反映了（）A．教诲无目论B. 个人本位教诲目论C. 社会本位教诲目论D．效能主义教诲目论7、教诲心理来源说代表人物是美国教诲史学家（）A．勒图尔诺 B.沛西?能 C.孟禄 D.达尔文8、小朋友认知发展研究发端于瑞士心理学家（）A．皮亚杰 B.柯尔伯格 C.维果斯基 D.赞可夫9、提出实行九年义务教诲文献是（）A．《关于教诲工作批示》B．《中共中央关于教诲体制改革决定》C．《中华人民共和国教诲改革和发展纲要》D．《中共中央、国务院关于深化教诲改革，全面推动素质教诲决定》10、国内新课程改革中提出，将课程管理权赋予中央教诲行政部门、地方教诲行政部门和（）A．教学班 B.年级 C.学校 D.社区11、“情境—陶冶”教学模式理论基本是（）A．布鲁姆掌握学习法B．巴班斯基最优教学法C．布鲁纳发现教学法D．洛扎诺夫暗示教学法12、小朋友自我意识与自我教诲能力发展规律是，从以（）为中心发展到“她律”，再从“她律”发展到“自律”。
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广州中医药大学2020-2021年第二学期
《卫生统计学》课程试卷
同等学力硕士研究生
考试时间：90分钟满分：100分
一、填空题（每空1分，共20分）
1.当一组资料呈正态分布或近似正态分布时，用___________描述其集中趋势（平均水平），用_____________说明其离散程度，描述集中趋势和离散趋势的统计图形用。
当一组资料呈偏态分布或分布末端无确定值时，用_____________描述其集中位置，用__________说明其离散趋势，描述集中趋势和离散趋势的统计图形用。
2.现况研究又叫或。
队列研究的研究类型有、和前瞻性队列研究，队列研究暴露与疾病关联程度的指标是，病例对照研究暴露和疾病关联程度的指标是。
3.多重线性回归分析需要满足的条件是、、和。
4.logistic回归对因变量的要求是。
5.多重线性回归要求样本量是自变量的倍，logistic回归要求样本量是自变量的倍，COX回归要求样本量是自变量的倍。
二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）
1.标准正态分布与t分布的异同点？(10分)
2.基于秩次的非参数检验应用条件有哪些？（10分）
3.logistic回归与cox回归的异同点？（10分）
4.常用的相对数有哪几种？简述各种相对数指标的含义，计算方法及特点。
（10分）
三、计算题（40分，每题10分。
建议使用软件计算，如SPSS、STATA、R等）
1．了解某地区12岁男孩的身高，从中抽查了400人，得到400人的身高近似于正态分布，均数为144.0cm，标准差为6.0cm。
(1)求该地区12岁男孩身高的95%的参考值范围？
(2)该地区12岁男孩身高的95%置信区间是多少？
2.在探讨硫酸氧钒降糖作用的实验中，测得两组动物每日进食量如下表所示。
试问两组动物每日进食量是否相同？写出假设检验过程，并报告结果。
表1 两组动物每日进食量
加钒组正常组
26.46 46.89
25.19 47.21
28.70 42.42
23.70 47.70
24.48 40.75
25.19 41.03
28.01 45.98
23.70 43.46
26.10 44.34
24.62 45.32
3.某研究人员观察了其他基本情况相似的老人120名，其中患冠心病的50名，未患冠心病的70名，询问他们食盐的情况，其结果见表2。
表2 冠心病患病与食盐情况
冠心病
食盐情况
合计超标未超标
有36 14 50 无44 26 70 合计80 40 120
问患冠心病和未患冠心病的老人食盐超标的概率是否不同？写出假设检验过程，并报告结果。
4.为研究铅作业与工人尿铅含量的关系，随机抽查了3种作业工人的尿铅结果如表所示。
表3 三种铅作业工人尿铅含量(mg/L)测定结果
铅作业组调离铅作业组非铅作业组
0.21 0.11 0.09
0.16 0.23 0.02
0.24 0.18 0.05
0.28 0.14 0.02
0.28 0.19 0.01
0.14 0.12 0.10
0.40 0.13 0.05
0.15 0.04 0.15
问：(1)该资料属何种设计方案？
(2)问三种作业工人的尿铅含量是否不同？写出假设检验过程，并报告结果。