英国文学部分作品集(上课总结出来的)
English Romance: Arthurian Legends
(Arthur: A legendary British hero, said to have been king of the Britons in the sixth century)
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 加文爵士跟绿骑士( Gawain:In Arthurian legend, a nephew of King Arthur and a Knight of the Round Table)
?Medieval Folk Literature:民间文学
?The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad民谣.
?The ballad became popular in England in the late 14th century and was adopted 正式接
受by Geoffrey Chaucer
Popular Ballads: Robin Hood Ballads知更鸟罩歌谣
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) Father of English Poetry, 4.the first Realistic Writer
1355-1372, French period: translating period
The Romance of Rose 《玫瑰传奇》(France)
→1372-1385, Italian period: adapting period
The Parliament of Fowls《白鸟会议》，The House of Fame《声誉殿堂》, Troilus and Criseyde《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西》--only complete long poem
The Legend of Good Women 《好女人的故事》
→1385-1400, English period: creating period
The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》
A Close Look at The Canterbury Tales
1.Middle English 124 stories
2. “Heroic Couplet”英雄双韵体couplet: A unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a complete thought or syntactic unit.
→an introduction from French poetry
→a pair of rhymed lines of iambic pentameter
(五步抑扬格对偶句)
3. “Rhyme Scheme”study
aa bb cc dd ee ff gg …
The Renaissance in England
?Some major historic events:
? a.The War of Roses (1455-1488) and the establishment of the dynasties王朝，朝代of
Henry VII and VIII—the centralized中央集权制monarchy君主体制.
? b.The Enclosure围绕movement“sheep devoured 吞没Men” 圈地运动
? c.The religious/protestant新教徒的reformation: Henry VIII declared the break with
Rome and Protestantism新教教义gained ground among the population(The English translation of the Bible emerged and later have woven into English literature).
? d. Flourishing繁荣in the Elizabethan Age (1558-1603)
? e. defeating the Spanish Invincible fleet “Armada舰队” in 1588 and the establishment of
the hegemony（霸权）on the seas.
? f. The geographical exploration地理探索and trade expansion精力扩张brought about
the growth of the cities and the development of the capitalist textile（织物）industry.
?Examples:
?①Copernicus (哥白尼) asserted 声称that the earth was not the center of the
universe；
?②The passionate激昂的Petrarch彼得拉克produced sonnets that influenced
Shakespeare and many others；
?③Boccaccio卜伽丘wrote tales of eternal charm；
?④Marco Polo (马可波罗) made journeys into the remote遥远的kingdom of
China；
?⑤Michelangelo（米开朗琪罗），Leonardo da Vinci (达芬奇)，Raphael (拉斐尔)，
and Titian (提香) created paintings and sculptures雕刻that are invaluable treasures重视of the world．
Thomas More and his Utopia
?(1) Written in the form of a conversation between More and the returned voyager 航海者
Raphael Hythloday (拉斐尔·希斯拉德).
?(2) The name “Utopia” comes from two Greek words meaning “no place” and was
adopted吸收，采用by More as the name of his ideal commonwealth联邦.
?(1) Written in the form of a conversation between More and the returned voyager 航海者
Raphael Hythloday (拉斐尔·希斯拉德).
?(2) The name “Utopia” comes from two Greek words meaning “no place” and was
adopted吸收，采用by More as the name of his ideal commonwealth联邦.
?Thomas More: the author of “Utopia”;
?Philip Sidney:Apology for Poetry
?Edmund Spenser: the poet’s poet, author of “The Faerie Queene”(《仙后》）;Abbey ?John Lyly: author of the novel “Euphues”(《优浮绮斯》）;Euphuism(绮丽体）
?Francis Bacon: philosopher, scientist and prose writer;the founder of English materialist philosophy
?Marlowe: the gifted play writer, author of “Tamburlaine” and “Doctor Faustus”.
?The most gifted of the “university wits”
?The greatest of the pioneers of English Drama
?First made blank verse(rhymeless iambic pentameter) the principal instrument of English Drama
?Famous for his “mighty line”;pave the way for Shakespeare
?Tamburlaine the Mongol 《帖木儿》;The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》
?Shakespeare
?Ben Johnson: the leading dramatist after Shakespeare; the first poet-laureate in 1616;
His Mask (from Italy): V olphone 《狐狸》
?威廉.莎士比亚（William Shakespeare，1564-1616），戏剧家，诗人。从1590年起至1613年，他一共创作了38部（一说39部）戏剧，样式包括喜剧、编年史剧、悲剧、传奇剧等。
?最著名的戏剧包括《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet, 1595 ）、《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of V enice, 1596）、《亨利四世（上篇）》（Henry IV, Part I, 1597）、《第十二夜》（Twelfth Night, 1600）、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet, 1601）、《奥赛罗》（Othello, 1604）、《李尔王》（King Lear, 1605）、《麦克白》（Macbeth, 1606）、《冬天的故事》（Winter’s Tale, 1610）、《暴风雨》（The Tempest, 1612）等。莎士比亚还创作有154首十四行诗和7首长诗。
Comedies:
A Midsummer Night’s Dream（仲夏夜梦）
The Merchant of Venice（威尼斯人）
As You Like It （皆大欢喜）
Twelfth Night（第十二夜）
The Merry Wives of Windsor (温莎的风流妇人)
Much Ado About Nothing (无事生非
Historical plays:
Richard II，Henry IV (Parts 1 and 2，Henry V, King John
Roman tragedy:
Julius Caesar（裘利斯.凯撒
?Tragedies:
Macbeth（麦克白）
King Lear（李尔王）
Hamlet ( 哈姆雷特)
Othello(奥赛罗)
Comedies:
Troilus and Cressida
(特洛伊斯与克雷西达)
All’s Well That Ends Well
(终成眷属)
Measure for Measure
(一报还一报)
Roman Tragedies:
Antony and Cleopatra
?（安东尼与克里奥佩特拉）
?The Winter’s Tale（冬天的故事）
?Cymbeline, King of Britain （辛白林）
?The Tempest（暴风雨）
?HenryⅧ（亨利八世
the Puritan poets
清教徒派诗人
?John Milton
?John Bunyan
the Metaphysical poets
玄学派诗人John Donne
?Some prose-writers
the Cavalier poets
保皇派诗人
?John Dryden
John Milton(1608—1674
? 1. On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity
《基督诞生晨颂》, first important work
? 2. L’Allegro《快乐的人》
Penseroso《幽思的人》
? 3. Comus《科玛斯》a mask假面剧, in blank verse
? 4. Lycidas《利西达斯》, expressing the pathos(哀颂)of his friend Edward King’s (爱德华·金)premature(过早的)death
?The early poetic works:L'Allegro, Il Penseroso, and the elegy Lycidas(1637)
?The middle prose pamphlets:Defensio pro Populo Anglicano , Areopagitica
?The last great poems: Paradise Lost (1667) , Paradise Regained (1671) and the poetic drama Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》
John Bunyan(1628—1688)
?The Pilgrim’s Progress is a religious allegory.
John Dryden
? a time-server(随波逐流的人):
? 1. an elegy on Cromwell’s death:
?“Herioick S tanza””英雄诗辩”
? 2. An Ode on Charles II:
?“Astraea Redux””伸张正义”
? a didactic poem when James II in reign
?“The Hind and the Panther”“牝鹿与豹”
. tragedy and blank-verse masterpiece:
“All for Love”
“一切为了爱情”
4. critical works:
“Essay of Dramatic Poesy”
“论戏剧诗”
?Representatives of modern novelist in the 18th century
?Swift(P139)
?Defoe(P147)
?Richardson(P153)
?Fielding(P156)
?Smollett(P171 no picture)
?Sterne(P174)
Alexander Pope(亚历山大·蒲柏P134)
the Pastorals (1709)（田园诗歌）
?the Essay on Criticism (1711) （论批评）a poem written in heroic couplets outlining critical tastes and standards;
?The Rape of the Lock (1714)（卷发遇劫记）, a mock-heroic poem ridiculing the fashionable world of his day(p135);
?“Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady” and “Eloise to Abelard,”the only pieces he ever wrote dealing with love.
?Essay on Man(p137)
?The Dunciad(P136)
Daniel Defoe（笛福）
?The True-born Englishman 《纯血统英国人》
?The Shortest Way with the Dissenters《铲除新教徒的捷径》
?Hymn to the Pillory 《木枷颂》
?Robinson Crusoe (1719, at the age of 58, he published his Robinson Crusoe, the book which made him immortal) 《鲁滨逊漂流记》
?Captain Singleton (1720)《辛格顿船长》
?Moll Flanders (1722)《摩尔.弗兰德斯》
?Colonel Jacque《陆军上尉大人》
?Samuel Richardson(塞缪尔·理查逊)
?1689-1761
?Pamela《帕米拉》
?Clarissa Harlowe 《克拉丽莎》
?Sir Charles Grandison《查尔斯.格兰迪森爵士的历史》
?他将视角投入年轻女主人公的内心深处，心理刻画淋漓尽致，令读者潸然泪下。
Henry Fielding（亨利·菲尔丁）
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
《弃婴汤姆琼斯的故事》
?Joseph Andrews
《约瑟夫·安德鲁斯》
?The History of Jonathan Wild the Great
《伟大的乔纳森·王尔德》
Amelia 《艾米莉亚》（his last novel)
●. Laurence Sterne——“T ristram Shandy”
● 2. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal”
3. Samuel Johnson——“Dictionary”, “Letter to Lord Chesterfield”(the writers’
declaration of independence)
4. Oliver Goldsmith——“The T raveller” (poem), “The Deserted Village”(poem)
(both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield”(novel), “The Good-Natured Man”(comedy), “She stoops to Conquer”(comedy), “The Citizen of the World”(collection of essays)
T obias Smollett (1721-1771) : a Scottish poet and novelist.
Novels:
●Roderick Random (《蓝登传》) (P172)
●Peregrine Pickle《匹克尔传》(P173)
●Humphry Clinker (《汉弗莱·克林克历险记》)(P173)
Laurence Sterne (1713-1768):an Irish novelist. Sterne was a representative of sentimentalism in the 18th century.
Works:
●The life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy (《项狄传》) （P174)
● A Sentimental Journey (《感伤旅行》)(P175
●John Gay(约翰.盖伊）(1685-1732)’s The Beggar’s Opera(《乞丐的歌剧》) is musical
drama. It took London stage by storm and “made Gay rich and Rich (the producer) gay.”(P176)
The English drama experienced a brief flowering in the second half of the 18th century for the comedies of Sheridan and Goldsmith. （P177)
Richard Brinsley Sheridan(理查德·布林斯莱·谢立丹）(1751-1816)
●An Irish-born playwright and poet. The most important English playwright of the
18th century.
Plays:
The Rivals (《情敌》)（P178)
The School for Scandal (《造谣学校》)(P179)
●The comedy of manners (风尚喜剧）is a genre of play which satirizes the manners
and affectations of a social class.
●The masterpieces of the genre were the plays of William Wycherley (威彻利）(The
Country Wife, 1675) and William Congreve（康格里夫）(The Way of the World, 1700).
In the late 18th century Oliver Goldsmith (She Stoops to Conquer《屈身求爱》), 1773) and Richard Brinsley Sheridan(The Rivals, 1775; The School for Scandal, 1777)
revived the form.
Oliver Goldsmith(奥利弗.戈德史密斯
2. Works: (P184)
A. Poems:
The Traveller (1764)
The Deserted Village (1770) (《荒村》) （P184）
B. Novel:
The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), (《威克菲尔德牧师传》)（P187）
C. Comedies:
The Good-Natured Man (1768)（《好心人》）(P 187)
She Stoops to Conquer (1773).(《屈身求爱》)(P188)
D. Essay: The Citizen of the World (《世界公民》)（P187)
?William Blake: Song of Innocence and Songs of Experience
? 2. Robert Burns: A Red Red Rose, Auld Lang Syne.
Edward Gibbon：“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire”
（《罗马帝国衰亡史》
Thomas Gray——“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”（《墓园挽诗》）（英国诗歌里非常著名的一首，曾经被誉为“有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首”）(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓园派诗人)
Thomas Percy——“Reliques of Ancient English poetry”(《英诗辑古》）许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有名的一个民谣集。
William Blake 威廉·布莱克(1757-1827
?Songs of Innocence 天真之歌(P196)
?Songs of Experience 经验之歌(P196)
?Poetical Sketches 素描诗集(P195)
?The Tiger 老虎
?The Chimney Sweeper is collected in the Songs of Innocence. 扫烟囱的孩子(P197) ?London and The Tiger are collected in the Songs of Experience.
?The Tiger is a famous poem by Blake. Lamb in the poem is a symbol of peace and purity whereas tiger a symbol of dread and violence.
Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯(1759—1796)
? A Red, Red Rose”
?“Auld Lang Syne
A Man's A Man for A'That 《人总是人，不管那一切》
?William Wordsworth : Lyrical Ballads ; The Solitary Reaper; She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways
? 3. Samuel T aylor Coleridge:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》;
Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》; Chtristabel《克里斯塔贝尔》
?
Edmund Burke埃德蒙·伯克
Reflections on the Revolution in France
《对法国革命的感想》
Thomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩
The Right of Man 《人权
William Cobbett威廉·科白特
Political Register《政治纪事》
William Wordsworth（威廉.华兹华斯）
子咏”; “老水手“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”
(“古舟之行”)
Lyrical Ballads
《抒情歌谣集》
1798
Lines Written in Early Spring “早春诗行”
To the Cuckoo “致布谷鸟”
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud “我独自漫游像一朵浮云”
My Heart Leaps Up “我的心激烈地跳动”
Intimations of Immortality “不朽颂”
Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey
“丁登寺杂咏”
Samuel T aylor Coleridge（柯勒律治.塞缪尔.泰勒）(1772—1834)
?Demonic poems
–The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》
–Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》
–Chtristabel《克里斯塔贝尔
Robert Southey (1774—1843)(罗伯特.骚塞）
?Joan of Arc1793 《圣女贞德》
? 2. Wat Tyler1794《瓦特·泰勒》
? 3. The Fall of Robespierre (1794)
《罗伯斯庇尔政权的倒塌》
Poems
?4. A vision of Judgment 《审判的幻景》
? 5. The Inchcape Rock《因尺角之石》
? 6. The Battle of Blenheim 《布莱尼姆之战》
?My Days amng the Dead are Passed
《我与死者作伴的日子已结束》
Prose:
?8. Life of Nelson《纳尔逊传》
Romances:
?9. Thalaba the Destroyer《撒拉巴》1801
?10. Madoc《麦道克》1805
?11. The Curse of Kehama
《克哈马的诅咒》1810
?12. Roderick, the Last of the Goths
《罗德里克,最后的高斯人》1814
? 1.George Gordon Byron: Byronic Heroes ;Child Harold’s Pilgrimage(written in Spenserian S tanza); Don Juan(attava rima); Byronic Heroes
? 2. Percy Bysshe Shelley: Queen Mab; The Revolt of Islam; Prometheus Unbound （lyrical drama); Ode to the West Wind; To a skylark
? 3.John Keats: Ode on a Grecian Urn”
? 4.Walter Scott: Rob Roy; Ivanhoe(historical novel)
Byron (1788—1824)
?) Hours of Idleness
?《闲暇时刻》《消闲时光》
2) The English Bards and Scott Reviewers
?《英国诗人和苏格兰评论家》
?Child Harold’s Pilgrimage
?《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》, the first two canto.
?
Oriental T ales“东方叙事诗””(P224)
The Giaour《异教徒》
The Bride of Abydos 《阿比多斯的新娘》
The Corsair 《海盗》
Lara 《莱拉》
Parisina 《帕日西纳》
The Siege of Corinth 《攻克考日斯
?Sonnet on Chillon 《咏锡隆》
?The Prisoner of Chillon 《锡隆的囚徒》
?Manfred 《曼弗雷德》
?Childe Harold
?Don Juan《唐璜》masterpiece
?Cain 《该隐》a poetical drama诗剧
?The Prophecy of Dante《但丁预言》
?The Vision of Judgment 《审判的幻景
Shelley（雪莱）(1792—1822)
The Necessity of Atheism
《无神论的必要性》
?1) Queen Mab,
?《麦布女王》，written when in London.
?2）The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》
?3）The Masque of Anarchy《暴政的假面游行》
4) Prometheus Unbound, 《解放了的普罗米修斯》，written when in Italy.masterpiece
5)A Defence of Poetry,
《诗辩》, written when in Italy.
6)Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》
To a Skylark《致云雀》
Keats (1795—1821)（济慈）
Long poems
Endymion,《恩底弥翁》his first long poem
Isabella《伊莎贝拉》The Pot of Basil芳香的草本植物
The Eve of St. Agnes《圣·爱格尼斯节前夕》
Lamia 《莱米亚》
Hyperion 《赫坡里昂》
Short poem
eg.Ode on a Grecian Urn《希腊古瓮颂》(P250)
?Thomas Hood: The Song of the Shirt《衬衫歌》(misery of women worker)
?Bridge of Sighs《叹息桥》(tragic fate of a young woman)
?Elizabeth Barret Browning: The Cry of the Children 《孩子们的哭声》(misery of child-workers)
Charles Dickens（查尔斯.狄更斯）
Sketches by Boz
《特写集》
Pickwick Papers
《匹克威克外传》
? 3. Oliver Twist
?奥克佛·特维斯特?，《雾都孤儿》
? 4. Nichols Nickleby
??尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝?
? 5. The Old Curiosity Shop
??老古玩店?
? 6. Barnaby Rudge 《巴纳比·拉奇》
?The first novel of social history
?1) American Notes?美国札记?
?2) Martin Chuzzlewit
??马丁·朱述尔维特?
? A Christmas Carol《圣诞颂歌》
?The Chimes《教堂钟声》
?The Cricket on the Hearth《灶上蟋蟀》
?(《圣诞颂歌》，《教堂钟声》和《灶上蟋蟀》以圣诞为题材具有浓郁宗教色彩。)
?) Dombey and Son
??董贝父子?
?4) David Copperfield
??大卫·科波菲尔?
?his best book
?1) Bleak House?荒凉山庄?
?2) Hard Times
??艰难时世?
?3) Little Dorrit ?小杜丽?
?4) A Tale of Two Cities
??双城记?
?5) Great Expectations ?远大前程?;
?6) Our Mutual Friend
??我们的共同朋友?, the worse book;
?7) Edwin Drood (unfinished)
??艾德温·德鲁德之谜?.
William Makepeace Thackeray
威廉?梅克皮斯?萨克雷
–The Book of Snobs
–《势利人脸谱》《势利者集
–2) V anity Fair
–《名利场》
–3) The History of Pendennis
《彭登尼斯》
–4) The Newcomes
–《纽克姆一家》
Some Women Novelists
?Jane Austen（简.奥斯汀）
?Charlotte Bronte（夏洛蒂.勃朗特）
?Emily Bronte（艾米莉.勃朗特）
?Anne Bronte（安妮.勃朗特）
?Mrs. Gaskell（盖斯凯尔夫人）
?George Eliot（乔治.艾略特）
Jane Austen (1775—1817
– 1. Northanger Abbey
–《诺桑觉寺》
– 2. Sense and Sensibility
–《理智与情感》
– 3. Pride and Prejudice
–《傲慢与偏见》
(It went begging(没人要) for 16 years)
– 4. Mansfield Park
–《曼斯菲尔德花园》
– 5. Emma
–《爱玛》
– 6. Persuasion
–《劝告》
Charlotte Bront?
Jane Eyre《简.爱》
Emily Bront? (1818—1848
Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》
Mrs. Gaskell (1810—1865
Mary Barton《玛丽·马顿
George Eliot (1819—1880
? 1.T ranslation:
?The Essence of Christianity
《基督教的本质》
? 2. Editor of The Westminster Review 《威斯敏斯特评论
–Remarkable Novels:
– 4. Adam Bede《亚当·比德》
– 5.The Mill on the Floss
《弗洛斯河上的磨房》
– 6. Silas Marner《织工马南》Romola《罗慕拉》1863
?8. Felix Holt the Radical，1866
《费立可斯·霍尔特》
?9. Middlemarch，(1871—1872) 《米德尔马契》?10. Daniel Deronda，1876
《丹尼尔·德龙达》
英国文学作家及作品分析,语言学
英国文学作品与作家 一、Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1343~1400 (首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. 作品： ①
莎士比亚同时代戏剧家本·琼森（Ben Johnson）--他不属于一个时代，而是属于。（He was not of an age, but for all time.） 作品： ①Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; He nry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII ②Four Comedies:
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
英国文学复习总结
英国文学复习总结详解 Part one:Early and medieval English literature 1.Beowulf《贝奥武甫》------the national epic of the English people ,it is also the epic of the Anglo-Saxon.(P3) 2.The name of the terrible monster------Grendel(格伦德尔)(P3) 3.the most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration(头韵)，others are metaphor （暗喻）and understatement(保守陈述)(P5) 4The Norman Conquest （诺曼征服）marks the establishment of feudalism in England. (P6) 5.The romance(传奇文学)(P8) The most popular of literature in fedual England was the romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero. The hero of the romance was the the knight, a man of noble birth, skilled in the use of weapons. It was written for the noble class(贵族的文学) Romances falls into three cycles : “matters of Britain”( adventures of King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table),“matters of France” (Emperor Charlemagne and his peers) “matters of Rome”. (Alexander the Great and so for th) 6. William Langland威廉·朗兰------ Piers the Plowman《耕者皮尔斯》(P11) 7.The ballads(民谣)(P17) The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad.It is a story told in song ,usually in 4-line stanzas [?st?nz?],with the second and fourth lines rhymed. It was written for common people(平民文学). The subjects of ballads are various in kind,as the struggle of young loves against their feudal-minded families,the conflict between love and wealth ,the cruelty of envy,the criticism of the civil war,and the matters of class struggle. The most famous ballads are the ballads of Robin Hood. 8.Geoffrey Chaucer’ Contributions <1>Father of English poetry in 14th century. Chaucer introduces from France the rhymed stanzas of various types instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse,especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter(the heroic couplet) to English poetry.(P26) <2>Chaucer is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. His production of so much excellent poetry is an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country.He did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.(P26) <3>the founder of English realism(P23) The Prologue(序言)suppies a miniature of the English so ciety of Chaucer’s time <4>. he forerunner of humanisim (P24 倒数第二行) 9.Geoffrey Chaucer died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）thus founding the “Poets’ Corner”..(P20) 10.The Romaunt of the Rose(translated from Franch)《玫瑰传奇》 Troilus and Criseyde(adapted from the Italian)《特洛勒斯和克莱西》 10. Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟------The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》 The tales of the Knight,the Pardoner（卖赎罪券者），the Nun’s Priest (尼姑的牧师)，the Wife of Bath,together with the Prologue,are the best of the whole collection.(P24)（了解一下） Part two:The English renaissance
英国文学史分时期总结作家作品
英语文学史分时期总结作家作品
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国美国文学作家及作品汇总
英国文学名家名著 《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。 杰弗里?乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。 威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；
四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里“to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。 济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。 雪莱（Shelley ，1792一 1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于贵族家庭。他既创作了富于政治思想性的诗，也写了很多优美的抒情诗，特别是爱情诗，显示了不羁的想象，瑰丽的色彩和动人的音韵，这些使他成为英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。他的主要作品有《麦布女王》(Queen Mab)、《致英国人民之歌》(Song to the
英国文学作家作品介绍
作家作品介绍 Francis Bacon弗朗西斯·培根(1561-1626)PPT55 Essays (1594) The Advancement of Learning (1605) Great Instauration and Novum Organum (1620) New Atlantis (posthumous) William Shakespeare As You Like It皆大欢喜 Mid-summer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦 Twelfth Night The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人 Hamlet (Oedipus complex) Othello (credulousness) King Lear (reap what one has sown) Macbeth (jealous ) Pericles Cymbeline The Winter’s Tale The Tempest John Donne (1572-1631) Never send to know for whom the bells tolls; it tolls for thee (Death, Be Not Proud)含义：We are humanbeings and we are all
in some way connected. We can’t feel free when someone else is in trouble. John Milton (1608-1674) 1. Short poems: “L’Allegro”and “Il Penseroso”; Lycidas (1637) 2. Prose work: Areopagitica (1644) 3. Long poems: Paradise Lost -- Fall of the angels (13 days) --Creation of the world (7days) --Fall of Man (13 days) (1667), Paradise Regained (1671), and Samson Agonistes (1671) Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce Joseph Addison约瑟夫·艾迪生(1672-1719) he founded The Spectator 《旁观者》magazine. Cato（a Tragedy）最出名Indeed, it was almost certainly literary inspiration for the American Revolution, being well known to many of the Founding Fathers.
英国文学作家作品总结
一、Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1343~1400 (首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。) The father of English poetry. Writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity. 作品： ①
英美文学作家作品汇总 精品
英国文学作家作品British Writers and Works I. The Late Medieval Ages Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1340(?)~1400 ① The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集 Troilus and Criseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ② The House of Fame声誉之宫 The Books of the Duchess悼公爵夫人 II The Renaissance 1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞1552~1599 ①The Faerie Queene仙后 The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历 ② Amoretti爱情小唱 Epithalamion婚后曲 Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林?克劳特回来了 Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌 2. Thomas More托马斯?莫尔1478~1535 Utopia乌托邦 3. Francis Bacon弗兰西斯?培根1561~1626 Advancement of Learning学术的推进 Novum Organum新工具 Essays随笔 4. ben jonson Volpone, or the fox 5.Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗?马洛1564~1595 The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧 Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝 The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人 6. William Shakespeare威廉?莎士比亚1564~1616 ⑴ the first period Henry IV Richard III The Comedy Of Errors Titus Andronicus The Taming Of The Shrew The Two Gentlemen Of The Verona Love’S Labour’S Lost Romeo And Juliet罗密欧与朱利叶 ⑵ the second period Richard II A Midsummer Night’S Dream King John Merchant Of Venice威尼斯商人 Henry IV亨利四世 Much Ado About Nothing Julius Caesar尤利乌斯?凯撒 As You Like It皆大欢喜 Twelfth Night ⑶ The Third Period Hamlet哈姆莱特 Othello奥赛罗 King Lear李尔王 Macbeth麦克白 Antony And Cleopatra安东尼与克里奥佩特拉 Troilus And Cressida Timon Of Athens ⑷ The Fourth Period Pericles Cymbeline
英国文学作家作品吐血整理下
所处 时期 姓名备注出身学校地位/评价流派作品 William Wordworth 威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850 在湖区接受教 育 Gerondists moderate Republicans 吉伦特派温和 共和主义者 后期：保守 党，坚定拥护 反革命政策 律师家 庭， 6岁成 为孤儿 剑桥 大学 Lake Poets湖畔诗人 Poet laureate 桂冠诗人1843 1797和柯勒律治同居湖畔 Distinguished by the simplicity and purity of his language以简洁洗练的语言 著称 Escapist romantic Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（with柯勒律治） （标志着同18世纪传统诗歌即新古典主义诗歌决 裂，浪漫主义诗歌崛起） 对大自然的热爱：Lines Written in the Early Spring，To the Cuckoo，I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud，My Heart Leaps Up，Intimations of Immortality，Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey丁登寺杂咏（“lyrical hymn of thanks to nature”） 对劳动人民的同情：The Solitary Reaper，We Are Seven，Michael，The Ruined Cottage, Simon . 专业资料可编辑.
Roman t icism in Englan ists 早期 消极 浪漫 主义者 Lee, The Old Cumberland Beggar, Lucy露西组诗 自传体长诗：The Prelude 序曲 Samuel Taylor Coleridge 柯勒律治·塞缪 尔·泰勒 1772-1834 空想成立类似 乌托邦的“大 众平等社”， 晚年保守，为 教会做辩论 乡村牧 师家庭 基督 慈善 学 校， 剑桥 大学 肄业 Lake Poets湖畔诗人 Literary Critic 浪漫派的第一 个文学评论家 1797和华兹华斯同居湖畔 Supernatural subjects 超自 然 三幕诗剧poetical drama：（with Southey） The Fall of Robespierre罗伯斯皮尔的倒台 Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（with华兹华斯） 诗歌：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子咏 梦幻诗：Kubla Khan忽必烈汗， 未完成：Christabel 克里斯塔贝尔 . 专业资料可编辑.
英国文学选读知识总结
Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400) 乔叟He was born in 1343 in London. He died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the “Poets Corner”.The father of English Poetry and one of the greatest narrative poets of England.“The Canterbury Tales” (1387-1400) It is Chaucer?s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature. Chaucer’s Contribution to English Literature Chaucer is regarded as the founder of English poetry and has been called “the founder of English realism.” He is the firs t great poet who wrote in the English language. He introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the “heroic couplet” (英雄双韵体) to English poetry.His masterpiece “The Canterbury T ales” is one of the monumental works in English literature 公爵夫人之书，百鸟议会，声誉之堂，特罗勒思和克里西德 Structure of a poem: A poem can be broken down into three parts: (1) Stanza (节) : a group of lines set off from the other lines in a poem. It is the poetic equivalent of a paragraph in prose. In traditional poems, the stanza usually contains a unit of thought.(2) The line (行) : a single line of poetry (3) The foot (音步) : a syllable or a group of 2 or 3 syllables. T o scan a line of poetry one counts the number of feet in a line. For a beginner, the easiest thing to do is to count the number of stresses. Typically a foot will contain a stressed and an unstressed syllable. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)playwright, poet, actor.Shakespeare and Aeschylus are the two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known.—Carl Marks.The Great Tragedies: 《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet,1601 ) 《奥赛罗》(Othello, 1604) 《李尔王》(King Lear, 1605) 《麦克白》(Macbeth, 1606) The Great Comedies威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice, 1596) 《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night's Dream,1596) 《第十二夜》(Twelfth Night, 1600) 《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It, 1601) Shakespeare’s car eer as a dramatist may be divided into four major phases.: The First Period(1590-1594) This period is the period of his apprenticeship in play-writing. Works: Henry VI The Comedy of Errors《错误的喜剧》/《连环错》Love?s Labor?s Lost 《迷失的爱》/《空爱一场》/《爱的徒劳》Romeo and Juliet, etc. The Second Period (1595-1600) This period is his mature period, mainly a period of “great comedies” and mature historical plays. It includes 6 comedies, 5 historical plays and 1 Roman tragedy. His sonnets are also thought to be written in this period. The Third Period (1601-1607) The third period of Shakespeare?s dramatic career is mainly the period of “great tragedies” and “dark comedies”. It includes 5 tragedies, 3 comedies and 2 Roman tragedies.Major works written in this period:Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra The Fourth Period (1608-1612) The fourth period of Shakespeare?s work is the period of romantic drama. It includes 4 romances or “reconciliation（和解，复合）plays”. Shakespeare’s Literary Position:Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the English Bible are the two greatest treasuries of the English language. Shakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers in world literature. Hamlet:Hamle t is considered the summit of Shakespeare?s art. It is one of Shakespeare?s canon, and it is universally included in the list of the world?s greatest works.It?s written in the form of blank verse.blank verse : poetry in rhymeless iambic pentameter.（素体诗剧）The story, coming from an old Danish legend, is a tragedy of the “revenge” genre. Shakespeare incorporates into the medieval story other major humanistic themes, including love, justice, good and evil, and most notably, madness, and the spirit of the time Injustice, conspiracy, and betrayal in the society。1. first blow: father?s murder and mother?s re-marriage2.second blow: betrayal of his two former friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern3. third blow: betrayal of his girl friend OpheliaThe greatness o f the play: in praise of the noble quality of Prince Hamlet as a representative of humanist thinkers and his disillusionment with the corrupt and degenerated society in which he lived.