British Commonwealth of Nations 英联邦国家
英国早期历史
英国早期人文历史常识（一）英国东邻北海，西、北面对大西洋，南面是英吉利海峡（the English Channel），与法国隔海相望。
地理上，这里被称为“不列颠群岛”（British Isles），由大不列颠岛（Great Britain）和爱尔兰岛（Ireland）这两大岛屿，以及其它几百个小岛组成。
大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士（England,Scotland and Wales）三个区域，而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国（Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland）两块。
政治上，大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国（the United Kingdom），而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。
我们通常所说的英国，则是指联合王国。
联合王国的首都是伦敦（London）；而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林（Dublin）。
大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域，其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多，总的来说也最为富裕。
因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”（English）指代“不列颠人”（British），这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人（Scots and Welsh）的不满。
不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。
二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国（the British Empire）在1931年起被英联邦所取代。
英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附属国组成的联合体。
英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。
（二）英国地势西北高、东南低。
其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。
英联邦国家有哪些
英联邦国家有哪些？政治英国军事国际财经英联邦国家有哪些？英联邦国家在与英国贸易，军事，政治等合作中有哪些便利？回答收藏问题| 查看更多问答我有靠谱回答3个回答杜达特洛夫斯基国际问答达人02-26 10:09 134赞踩英联邦有52个成员国，英联邦国家可以得到英国提供的经济、军事、政治利益。
以下我来简要介绍一下英联邦的情况。
英联邦有52个成员国它们是:英国、澳大利亚、印度、巴拿马、赞比亚、瓦努阿图、乌干达、图瓦卢、特立尼达和多巴哥、安提瓜和巴布达、汤加、坦桑尼亚、斯威士兰、南非、斯里兰卡、新加坡、所罗门群岛、塞拉利昂、萨摩亚、圣文森特、塞舌尔、圣卢西亚、圣基茨和尼维斯、卢旺达、巴布亚新几内亚、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚、新西兰、瑙鲁、纳米比亚、莫桑比克、毛里求斯、马耳他、马来西亚、马拉维、莱索托、基里巴斯、肯尼亚、牙买加、圭亚那、格林纳达、孟加拉国、巴巴多斯、伯利兹、博茨瓦纳、文莱、加纳、斐济、多米尼加、塞浦路斯、加拿大，喀麦隆。
英联邦是大英帝国的延续，成员国大多都是英国的前殖民地或保护国。
第一次世界大战之后，英国国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷开展独立运动。
英国为了在世界上发挥影响力，在1926年被迫承认，自治领地在内政外交方面获得独立。
但是自治领地与英国共同终于英国国王，并且组成英联邦双方利益平等，英国无权干涉其他成员国的内政和外交政策。
英国为了维持这52个英联邦成员国，就在金融、教育、贸易、国防、政治、科技、科研、医药、法律、农业等方面与52个英联邦成员国进行合作。
英国向这些国家提供大量的经济援助和科技支持，给英联邦各成员国带来了经济发展利益。
这是英国维持英联邦存在的重要原因。
英国利用英联邦扩大了英国在世界的影响力，因此英联邦对英国非常重要。
欢迎各位老师各抒己见、留言、评论、交流。
57评论筆畵訊BHX02-27 22:02 8赞踩英联邦：中文名：英联邦英文名：Commonwealth of Nations 官方语言：英语政体：联邦制宗教信仰：基督新教、天主教、印度教等成员国数目：52个行政机构：英联邦秘书处人口数量：23.28亿（2014年）人口密度：61.09人/平方公里现任领导人：伊丽莎白二世面积：31,462,574平方公里总部：伦敦马尔博罗大厦主要城市：温哥华，悉尼，开普敦，新德里等时区：除UTC-1和UTC-9外所有时区道路通行：靠左驾驶（大多数）英联邦（英语：Commonwealth of Nations），是一个国际组织，由52个独立主权国家（包括属地）所组成，成员大多为前英国殖民地或者保护国，英联邦元首为伊丽莎白二世女王，同时身兼包括英国在内的16个英联邦王国的国家元首，此16国构成了一个现代版的共主邦联。
自考英语国家概况名词解释
⾃考英语国家概况名词解释英语国家概况名词解释1 The British Empire ⼤英帝国About a hundred years ago, as result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled and empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area. The two world wars greatly weakened Britain. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nation in 1931.2.Stonehenge-It is a group of huge monuments of grant rock Slabs on salisbury plain in Southwest England built as long ago as the New Stone Age. It is generally believed that stonehenge served some sort of religious purposes. The Celts----The Celts came to Britain in three main waves. The first wave were the Gales, the second wave were the Brythons and the Belgae came about 150BC. The Celts were practised farmers. The Celtic tribes are ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh, And their languages are the basis of both Welsh and Gaelic. They religion was Druidism.3.The British Commonwealth 英联邦The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in 1931.It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements. The Commonwealth has no special powers. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is left to each member nation. At present there are 50 members counties whit in the commonwealth (1991). 是曾为英国殖民地，但现在已经独⽴构成的⾃由联合体。
The United Kingdom 英国国家概况
The United Kingdom1.英国的全称The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2.大不列颠岛的组成England, Scotland & Wales3.什么叫“英联邦”The Commonwealth of Nations, usually known as the Commonwealth, is a voluntary association of 53 independent sovereign states, most of which are former British colonies, or dependencies of these colonies (the exceptions being the United Kingdom itself and Mozambique). 4.伦敦的地位London is the largest city located in the south of the country. It is dominant in Britain in all sorts of ways. It is the cultural and business center and headquarters of the vast majority of Britain’s big companies. It is not only the financial center of the nation, but also one of the three major international financial centers in the world.5.有哪些国家入侵过英国？英格兰：Invasion by RomansIn 43 AD, Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire, and England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years.Invasion by Anglo-SaxonsAs the Roman armies and Roman protection were withdrawn from Britain, and Britain was again divided into small kingdoms, and again it came under threat from Germanic peoples: the Angles, and the Saxon.The Anglo-Saxons succeeded in invading Britain, and either absorb the Celtic people, or pushed them to the western and northern edges of Britain.Invasion by VikingsFrom the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the Vikings, threatened Britain shores.Invasion by NormansIn 1066, England was invaded by the Normans under William of Normandy, from northern France, who were descendants of Vikings.The Battle of Hastings defeated an English army under King Harold, marks the last time that an army from outside the British Isles succeeded in invading.苏格兰：Scotland was not conquered by the Romans, though they did try to, and for a while occupied as far as the edge of the northern highland zone.Nor was most of Scotland conquered by the Anglo-Saxons.British Celts occupied the area around what is now Glasgow.Around the 6th century AD, people from Northern Ireland invaded the south-west. They were called the Scots, and it is they that gave the modern country of Scotland its name.The original Scottish Celts, called the Picts, were left the highland zone.6.1689年通过《权利法案》，议会得到权力7.苏格兰首府Edinburgh，最大的城市Glasgow8.威尔士首府Cardiff，民族英雄LlywelynapGruffudd和Owain Glyndwr9.北爱尔兰贫穷的原因：Economic ProblemsPolitical ProblemsConflicts between Protestants and Roman CatholicsConflicts between Unionists /Royalists and nationalists/Republicans10.北爱尔兰的首府Belfast11.The Giant’s Causeway 被列为世界文化遗产，英国第七大奇迹12.Sinn Fein PartySinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland which supports the IRA to fight for the union of Ireland. The leaders of Sinn Fein prefer union with Ireland by a twin campaign, both military and political which they call the policy of “the Bullet and the Ballot Box”.It believes that without the participation of Sinn Fein the political of Northern Ireland cannot be thoroughly solved.13.IRAThe Irish Republican Army (IRA) was an Irish republican revolutionary military organization descended from the Irish Volunteers.Its aim is to overthrow the British rule in Ireland and unify Northern Ireland with the Southern one, forming an independent Republic of Ireland.14.爱尔兰宗教冲突Conflicts between Protestants and CatholicsThe majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited the British Isles before the Roman Invasion, thus they were ethnically distinct from the majority of British people.In addition, most Irish people were Catholics, while most British people became Protestants.In the 17th century, the English government, trying to increase its control of Ireland, encourages people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to Northern Ireland.These people saw themselves different from the rest of the Irish people, and thought of themselves as British, and wished to remain a part of the British state.The Protestants, being the majority, controlled the local democratically-elected parliament, and used that power to support their own economic and social dominance in the province.The Catholics found it hard to get jobs, or to benefit from social programs. Schools and sporting events were segregated.15.英国皇室起源The power of the monarchy was largely derived from the ancient doctrine of “the divine right of kings”. It was held that the sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subjects.16.“君权神授”The sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subjects.17.大宪章Magana CartaA charter of liberty and political rights is signed by the King John.MaganaCarta placed some limits on the king’s ability to abuse his royal power. This is still regarded as Britain’s key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown.18.英国的政体（君主立宪制+代议民主制）女王议会内阁●The Queen is the official Head of State.Britain has aconstitutional monarchy where the Queen only rules symbolically.●Parliament represents the people.●Government runs the country and is also elected by the people ;The leader of the Government is the Prime Minister.19.英国宪法的构成20.议会的职能21.君主的职责●Head of the State●Head of the Armed Forces●Head of the Church of England●Her government duties●Meeting Prime Ministers●Visits22.上下议院的职能The House of Lords:“Double check” new laws to make sure they are fair and will work.The House of Commons:Discussing policies and making laws.23.英国大选 5 年举行一次。
英美文化考题翻译1-2-3
；UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。
（注：北爱尔兰是英国的一部分，而英国位于西欧，即Western Europe，是一个岛国）2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England,Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ( F )英国包含四个政治分区，分别是英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰。
（注：爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家，此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island，这才是英国的一个地区。
）3.《4.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F )英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。
（注：不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛；英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，有大不列颠岛上的英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。
大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿，英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。
）5.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of smallones. ( F )不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。
大英帝国和英联邦的区别
Commonwealth of
Nations
is a organization which cooperates with other member states in political, military, financial ,ec onomic and cultural aspects. It is made up of Britain and its former colonies .
the flag of Commonwealth of Nations
谢谢观看
territory
Capital
The country's leader
Members
Functional organization
5
Historical background
From Empire to Commonwealth World War I brought the British Empire to the peak of its expansion, but in the years that followed came its decline. Victory added, under the system of mandates, system of trusteeships established by Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations for the administration of former Turkish territories and of former German colonies. ..... Click the link for more information. , new territories, including Palestine, Transjordan, Iraq, and several former German territories in Africa and Asia. Imperial contributions had considerably strengthened the British war effort (more than 200,000 men from the overseas empire died in the war; the dominions and India signed the Versailles Treaty and joined the League of Nations), but at the same time expectations were raised among colonial populations that an increased measure of self-government would be granted.
英联邦国家
英联邦国家即英联邦。
英联邦（Commonwealth of Nations）是英国对联邦其他成员国在政治、军事、财政经济和文化上施加影响的组织。
由英国和已经独立的前英帝国殖民地国家或附属国组成。
第一次世界大战后，英国势力遭到削弱，各殖民地人民纷纷要求独立，便逐渐用英联邦代替英帝国的称号。
英联邦没有设立任何权力机构主要组织机构有：联邦政府首脑会议、亚太地区英联邦政府首脑会议、联邦财政部长会议及其他部长级专业会议。
1965年起设立英联邦秘书处，其职责是促进英联邦的合作，筹划英联邦各级会议。
秘书处设在伦敦。
英联邦元首为伊丽莎白二世女王，同时身兼包括英国在内的16个英联邦王国的国家元首，此16国构成了一个现代版的共主邦联。
英联邦（英语：Commonwealth of Nations，原名：British Commonwealth of Nations）是一个以英国为主导的国家联合体，由53个主权国家（含属地）所组成，成员大多为前大英帝国的殖民地或附属国。
该组织元首为英国女王伊丽莎白二世，同时身兼英联邦王国内的16国的国家元首。
基于其历史渊源，人们常常以“British Commonwealth”称之，来和世界上的其它联邦做区分。
是一个比较明显的邦联制国家联盟。
英联邦(Commonwealth of Nations) 前身是英帝国，由英国及其自治领和其他已独立的前殖民地、附属国组成。
第一次世界大战后，英国慑于日益高涨的殖民地民族解放运动，调整了同原英帝国其他成员之间的关系。
1926年“英帝国会议”的帝国内部关系委员会提出，英国和已经由殖民地成为自治共和国的加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和南非是“自由结合的英联邦的成员”，“地位平等，在内政和外交的任何方面互不隶属，唯有依靠对英王的共同效忠精神统一在一起”。
1931年，《威斯敏斯特法案》从法律上对此予以确认，英联邦正式形成。
1947年，印度、巴基斯坦各自宣布独立并加入英联邦。
高中英语 英国简况背景习俗知识大全素材
英国简况第一节“英国〞的名称英国的全称是 the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland(大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国)，通常简称为 the United Kingdom(联合王国)，缩写为 UK, 有时也用 Britain(不列颠)，Great Britain(大不列颠)，England(英格兰)等来指代“英国〞。
不列颠或者叫大不列颠(Great Britain)由三个部分组成: England(英格兰)，Scotland(苏格兰)和Wales(威尔士)；历史上整个爱尔兰均受英国统治，并于1801年完全合并到英国，但后来迫于爱尔兰人民的民族独立斗争，英国政府于1921年底允许爱尔兰南部成立自由联邦，而北部那么划入英国，所以现在英国的正式名称为“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国〞 (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)。
从上面的分析我们可以知道，英格兰(England) 只是英国的一个组成部分，但由于它在英国本土面积最大、人口最多，同时也是全国政治、经济和文化的中心，所以它相对于英国的其他地方来说，地位也最为重要，因此人们在指“英国〞时，往往就用 England 来代替了。
第二节英国的历史公元前，居住在不列颠岛上的主要是克尔特人(Celts)。
大约在公元5世纪到6世纪，住在北欧日德兰半岛、丹麦诸岛以及德国西北沿海一带的盎格鲁(Angles)、撒克逊(Saxons)和朱特(Jutes)等部落集团，渡海进入不列颠，并建立了一批小王国。
后来盎格鲁和撒克逊两个民族慢慢结合成了盎格鲁撒克逊人(Anglo-Saxon)，他们经过长期战争，征服并同化了岛上的克尔特人，建立了一批早期的封建王国。
后来这些小王国经过长期的兼并，大约在公元9 世纪初开始形成了统一的英吉利王国。
英国统一初期，政治上仍旧很松散。
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• 安提瓜和巴布达、澳大利亚、巴哈马、 孟加拉国、巴巴多斯、伯利兹、博茨 瓦纳、文莱、喀麦隆、加拿大、塞浦 路斯、多米尼加联邦、冈比亚、加纳、 格林纳达、圭亚那、印度、牙买加、 肯尼亚、基里巴斯、南非、莱索托、 马拉维、马来西亚、马尔代夫、马耳 他、毛里求斯、莫桑比克、纳米比亚、 瑙鲁、新西兰、尼日利亚、巴布亚新 几内亚、圣基茨与尼维斯、圣卢西亚、 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、萨摩亚、塞 舌尔、塞拉利昂、新加坡、所罗门群 岛、斯里兰卡、斯威士兰、坦桑尼亚、 汤加、特立尼达和多巴哥、图瓦卢、 乌干达、英国、瓦努阿图、赞比亚、 巴基斯坦
Function
• 1. The Commonwealth is an organization in international cooperation, its objective is to coordinate the cooperation between different ethnic groups, culture and environment of collaboration between the nations. Each member has the equal status, but Britain often plays the leader in dealing with the affairs in the Commonwealth.
4.Some
members executes preferential tariff according to the Commonwealth preferential system, so as to promote the trade between each other. In 1973, Britain joined European Union, and quitted the commonwealth preferential system. According to the agreement, other members in the Commonwealth could negotiate with the EU agreement about the special trade agreements.
British of Nations
英联邦
Brief Introduction
• The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly known as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organization of fifty-three independent member states. All but two (Mozambique and Rwanda) of these countries were formerly part of the British Empire, out of which it developed.
Queen Elizabeth II, current Head of the Commonwealth
The Commonwealth is not a political union, but an intergovernmental organization through which countries with diverse social, political, and economic backgrounds are regarded as equal in status.
• 2.Members can discuss and cooperate in many fields, including trade, finance, defense, education, technology, law, medicine and agriculture. But the main interests members enjoyed are the economic utilities bring by various trade agreements and capital investment configurations.
Member state
Staff function
• Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting • The Commonwealth Heads of government meeting of the Asia Pacific Region • The Council of Ministers of the Commonwealth • The Commonwealth Secretariat • The Commonwealth foundation and other organizations
• 3.The main capital of the industrial development for the new or poor members is from Britain and other old and rich members. The aid plan is executed by the commonwealth development corporation (CDC).