中医翻译参考

中医翻译参考

一、阴阳学说:
阴阳(Yin and Yang);阴中之阳(Yang within Yin):对立(opposition);互根(interdependence);消长(waning and waxing);转化(transformation)

二、五行学说:
五行(five elements);木(Wood);火(Fire);土(Earth);金(Metal);水(Water);相生(promotion 或 generation);相克(restriction);相乘(over-restriction或subjugation);相恶(counter-restriction)

三、精、气、神等:
精(essence);气(Qi);神(spirit或mind);魂(ethereal soul);魄(corporeal soul);命门(life-gate);正气(healthy-Qi,vital Qi);元(原)气(primordial-Qi);真气(genuine-Qi);宗气(pectoral-Qi);卫气(defensive-Qi);营气(nutrient-Qi);心气(heart-Qi);中气(middle-Qi);气化(Qi-transformation);卫分(defensive-phase);气分(Qi-phase);津(thin fluid);液(thick fluid);津液(body fluid);汗(sweat);涎(drool);涕(snivel)

四、脏腑:
脏(Zang-organs);腑(Fu-organs);脏腑(Zang-Fu organs或viscera);三焦(triple energizer,Sanjiao);奇恒之腑(extraordinary Fu-organs);运化(transportation and transformation);生化(generation and transformation);肃降(purify and descend);水道(water passage);天癸(Tiangui);先天(innateness, Congenital Constitution);后天(Acquired Constitution);纳气(reception of Qi)

五、经络(十四经名称及穴位名称按WHO所颁布之标准翻译):
经(meridian或channel);络(collateral);正经(regular meridians或regular channels);经气(meridian-Qi或channel-Qi);孙络(minute collateral);浮络(superficial collateral);穴位(acupoint)

六、病因:
病因(cause of disease);邪(pathogenic factor);六淫(six exogenous pathogenic factors);风(pathogenic wind);寒(pathogenic cold);暑(pathogenic summer-heat);湿(pathogenic dampness);燥(pathogenic dryness);火(pathogenic fire);内风(endogenous wind);毒(toxin);五志(five emotions);七情(seven emotions);(有形之)痰(sputum);(无行之)痰(phlegm);饮(retained fluid)

七、病机:
病机(pathogenesis);偏盛(relative predominance);偏衰(relative decline);虚(deficiency);实(excess);(阴阳气血)失调(disharmony)

八、诊断:
诊法(diagnostic method);证(syndrome);证型(syndrome type);证候(symptoms and signs);四诊合参(synthesis of the four diagnostic methods);望诊(inspection);面色(complexion);望舌(inspection of tongue);舌苔(tongue coating);闻诊(listening and smelling);问诊(inquiry);脉诊(pulse diagnosis);切脉(taking pulse);

按诊(palpation);脉象(pulse condition);浮脉(floating pulse);沉脉(deep pulse);迟脉(slow pulse);数脉(rapid pulse);洪脉(surging pulse);细脉(thin pulse);虚脉(empty pulse);实脉(excess pulse);长脉(long pulse);短脉(short pulse);滑脉(slippery pulse);涩脉(unsmooth pulse);弦脉(taut pulse);紧脉(tense pulse);濡脉(soggy pulse);缓脉(moderate pulse);微脉(faint pulse)弱脉(weak pulse);散脉(scattered pulse);芤脉(hollow pulse);革脉(tympanic pulse);牢脉(firm pulse);伏脉(hidden pulse);动脉(throbbing pulse);代脉(intermittent pulse);结脉(knotted pulse);促脉(abrupt pulse);大脉(large pulse);软脉(soft pulse);疾脉(swift pulse);怪脉(strange pulse);寸口(Cunkou);恶寒(aversion to cold);满(fullness);纳呆(anorexia);口苦(bitter taste in the mouth);完谷不化(undigested food in stools);五更泄(diarrhea before dawn)

九、辨证:
八纲(eight principles);表里(exterior and interior);寒热(cold and heat);辨证(syndrome differentiation);八纲辨证(eight-principle syndrome differentiation)

十、治则与治法:
治则(therapeutic principle);正治(routine treatment);反治(contrary treatment);治法(therapeutic method);八法(eight therapeutic methods);汗法(diaphoretic therapy或sweating therapy);吐法(emetic therapy或vomiting therapy);下法(purgation therapy);和法(harmonizing therapy);温法(warming therapy);清法(clearing therapy);消法(resolving therapy);补法(tonifying therapy)

十一、中药方剂:
中药(Chinese materia medica或Chinese herbs);方剂(prescription或formula);四气五味(four properties and five tastes,或four properties and five flavors);君(king,Jun);臣(minister,Chen);佐(assistant,Zuo);使(guide,Shi)

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