戏剧赏析论文
外国戏剧赏析论文

《朱丽小姐》——戏剧赏析13150109王芷芊在外国戏剧赏析的最后两节课上,老师为我们放映和讲解了《朱丽小姐》这部戏剧,使我深有感触,看似浮夸浅显的剧情中竟展现了阶级与阶级间的角逐,揭露出了人性之中的矛盾性和荒谬性。
更让我对戏剧这门艺术有了新的看法和理解。
下面我就以要素为线索简单赏析一下这部作品。
*剧本概要:独幕悲剧。
1888年首演。
主人公朱丽小姐性格怪僻,未婚夫忍无可忍,婚约告吹。
仲夏夜,她找名叫让的男仆跳舞,让出身低贱,对朱丽小姐艳羡已久,便乘机求爱,说为了得到小姐垂爱,宁愿一死。
朱丽小姐大为感动,便顺从地委身于让,并合谋私奔。
朱丽偷了父亲的钱做盘费,被厨娘发现,这时门铃大响,她的父亲、体面的伯爵大人回来了。
她不想让自己和父亲身败名裂,求让出主意,让递给她一把剃刀,让她自杀。
朱丽镇定下来,持刀开门走了出去。
*人物形象:从整体剧情不难总结出朱丽是一个可怜的,受到自己父亲母亲双重胁迫而成长的贵族小姐。
她其实并不从自己的理智上反对婚姻。
只是缘由母亲的教育和影响而习惯性“厌恶男性”,企图站到性别较量的上风去,实际上她又有着生理的欲求和对爱情的单纯幻想,不能摆脱女性相信爱情的软弱本性。
从大的背景环境和生理特征来讲,十九世纪瑞典庄园的贵族小姐朱丽,这天正处在特殊的生理时期,有着强烈的生理欲望和冲动,从而开始勾引仆人让。
两人在新的话题下,朱丽的女性属性显露出来,在两人进一步的身体关系之后,她开始一再的寻求让对自己爱的承诺。
在让的劝说与诱导下,朱丽在绝望中挣扎,寻求出路。
最终,朱丽在男性的命令下走向死亡。
朱丽虽然企图打破男人对女人的奴役关系,却受制于自己女性的属性,极易受到情感的奴役,在感情上具有软弱性。
因此在面对让的“甜言蜜语”时,就同意了引诱,并一再的对爱情持有幻想。
然而她也很难脱离自己贵族的身份和本质属性,受累于名声和家族荣誉而不敢真正的出走。
所以说朱丽小姐并非是简单的寻求女性解放的化身,而是具有极强特殊性和矛盾性的人物形象,她是纠结在情欲与理智之中、父亲和母亲的教育当中、内心欲望和社会、身份的桎梏之中,并最终走向死亡的悲剧人物。
中国古典名句赏析课程论文——《董生与李氏》剧评

本科生课程论文中国古典名句赏析课程论文——《董生与李氏》剧评突破封建礼教的情与理——梨园戏《董生与李氏》剧评摘要:王仁杰的《董生与李氏》取材自尤凤伟的现代农村题材短篇小说《乌鸦》,是一部取材现实题材小说但却古意盎然的作品,它的美也是一笔无法写尽春秋的。
本文以该剧的情节设置为切入点,通过剧中人物的行为对主要人物性格进行分析,最后对戏剧的主题进行探讨——《董生与李氏》这一戏剧,不仅仅局限于爱情,它表达的是封建礼教束缚下的董四畏和李氏二人的人性觉醒。
文章从情节、人物、主题等方面对戏剧中突破封建礼教的情与理做了分析,展现了该戏剧的艺术特色。
关键词:《董生与李氏》;封建礼教;人性;觉醒一、有悖伦常的情节设置《董生与李氏》的故事发生在古代大户人家彭员外家中,彭员外在弥留之际放不下自己年轻貌美的妻子,担心她移情再醮,临终前以抹掉私人欠款为条件,嘱书生董四畏监视李氏,不许她移情再嫁。
董四畏信守承诺每天跟踪、监视李氏,对李氏渐生爱慕之心。
李氏故意试探董生,使其怀疑李氏有私情,遂登上墙头观察监视并越墙“捉奸”,反知李氏对自己同样报以真情,遂二人发生偷会之实。
坟前报告时,彭员外鬼魂命董四畏“代行家法”,董生与李氏严词痛斥,彭员外魂灵识趣离开,二人终成眷属。
以喜剧收场的《董生与李氏》,就故事男女主人公的身份而言,他们的结合显然是不符合中国传统道德观念的。
若只是单纯的女子丧夫再嫁的情节,在戏剧作品中也并不少见,但是在王仁杰笔下,与寡妇李氏结合的董生明明是最笃信儒家文化,最维护封建伦理纲常的私塾先生,这样老实巴交的人最后却做出冲破彭员外鬼魂阻挠并与李氏结合的决定,给观众以很大的艺术冲击。
董生最终做法令人瞠目的原因可从以下三方面来谈。
一是董四畏其名不仅得于孔子“畏天命、畏大人、畏贤人之言”,更因为他“畏妇人也”,由此可知他定是熟读儒家经典,恪守儒生节操,亦可知他是一个敬畏顺从上天意志、王公心意、圣人箴言的人,这样的人竟能作出有悖伦理纲常的事来。
对曹禺的戏剧《日出》的赏析

对曹禺的戏剧《日出》的赏析曹禺的戏剧《日出》创作于二十世纪年代。
二十世纪三十年代,中国正处在半殖民地半封建社会的时期,是中国社会最为黑暗的时期。
三十年代中国社会最突出的政治和经济的现象,是以蒋介石为代表的四大家族寡头统治和垄断资本的形成和集中。
他们凭借特权操纵金融,把魔爪伸向各个领域。
他们掀起的投机事业,使全国金融界都卷入投机狂潮之中。
这不仅使民族资本家身受兼吞之灾,更把全国人民推入苦难的深渊。
四大家族统治集团的魔影笼罩全国,操纵亿万人民的命运。
《日出》戏剧中的金八就是蒋介石独裁统治的社会支柱,反映出四大家族金融垄断的某些侧影。
《日出》在这种历史背景下诞生,并反映了这段时期的历史,具有现实主义的精神。
《日出》中对现实的真实而深刻的揭露,为我们展现了一幅“漆黑的世界”的图画,深刻的揭露了最黑暗的卖淫制度,揭露了金钱统治的罪恶、金钱制度的残酷,以及由此造成的人间的种种惨剧。
从小东西被逼身亡,黄省三全家的服毒自杀直到陈白露的死,这大大小小的悲剧,都昭示着是社会制度的窳败。
造成社会的大大小小悲剧的根源就是半殖民地半封建社会的社会性质,以及国民党官僚资本的黑暗统治。
这个时期的贫富分化的矛盾更加尖锐化,处于社会底层的人民生活在水深火热之中。
《日出》可以说是三十年代的社会的一面镜子。
戏剧中的各种人物就是当时社会各阶层的典型代表。
各种人物处在当时黑暗的社会中,都表现出了一种心灵的扭曲。
人伦道德被抛弃,代之出现的是赤裸裸的现金交易。
不择手段的捞钱,不择手段的玩钱,成了金钱拥有者和崇拜者生活的至高无上的信条,形成了一种拜金主义。
人性的扭曲达到了至高点。
《日出》整个戏剧中,充满了鲜明的对比和种种矛盾的冲突。
对于“损不足以奉有余”的社会贫富分化的揭露,主要通过“不足”与“有余”两个社会阶层的对比来实现。
在作品中,潘月亭、李石清和黄省三,不但很好地表现了“有余者”和“不足者”的对立和变化,而且还构成了一个既互为对照又互为补充的“三段式”人物链。
莎士比亚戏剧赏析论文

The Eros in Shakespeare’s Plays:Its Essence, Consequences and MoreLove is a very important aspect of human life. There are four Greek words for love: storge (the familial love), phileo (friendship), agape (charity) and eros (romance) (Lewis, as cited in Wikipedia, 1960). And this research focuses primarily on eros between young lovers in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer-Night’s Dream.From the plot in these plays, I will discuss Shakespeare’s perspective of romantic love and compare it with the modern concepts of love. In my opinion, the Eros depicted by Shakespeare is very complex and quite different from what we now consider as true love.From Romeo to Portia, the protagonists seemed to be guided by some immortal power and were immediately attracted just at the first sight of their Mr. or Ms. Right. Romeo, for example, forgot his love for Rosaline, whom he had been longing for, as soon as he saw Juliet’s face:Did my heart love till now? forswear it, sight!For I ne'er saw true beauty till this night.( Romeo and Juliet, act 1, scene 5) At the same time, Juliet was intended to fall in love with and marry Paris, and was, in fact, quite restrained. But that did not seem to have any effect on her. And following that seemed to be the common merrymaking among adolescent boys and girls, although the way Romeo did it was quite bold. But shortly afterwards, Juliet also fell in love irredeemably with Romeo:Go ask his name: if he be married.My grave is like to be my wedding bed.(Romeo and Juliet, act 1, scene 5) This seemed all too rash, especially for a young lady who was only 14 years old. If Romeo’s sharp turn in attitude indicated Juliet’s extraordinary beauty and charm, then Juliet’s change was beyond explanation, as Romeo was not a charming wooer.And Portia’s falling in love with Bassanio in The Merchant of Venice was even more surprising. Before Bassanio had begun to woo her or even met her, that love fell upon Portia:Come, come, Nerissa; for I long to seeQuick Cupid's post that comes so mannerly.(The Merchant of Venice, act 2, scene 7) In fact, Portia seemed to have lost all her wisdom this time, trusting the glittering appearance of a piece of fool’s gold.When it came to A Midsummer-Night’s Dream, Shakespeare simply borrowed a sprite from the legend called Puck in order to arrange some “love-at-one-sight”situations for the young lovers, which was amusing for the audience but probably a little annoying for the young people in the play. Although neither Lysander nor Demetrius fell in love with Helena “at first sight”, the love potion did not take effect until the image of the girl was cast into the men’s eyes.However, the problem with the “love at first sight” is that this love is very likely to be superficial rather than sincere as lovers are not able to get to know each other well, therefore it is more possible to end up in grief or disappointment. For instance, when Juliet found that her husband had killed her cousin, she was in terrible dilemma:Shall I speak ill of him that is my husband?Ah, poor my lord, what tongue shall smooth thy name,When I, thy three-hours wife, have mangled it?But, wherefore, villain, didst thou kill my cousin?That villain cousin would have kill'd my husband:Back, foolish tears, back to your native spring;……(Romeo and Juliet, act 3, scene 2) On the one hand, she could not speak ill of her lover and was worried about his safety, on the other hand, she was in great pain to had lost her beloved cousin. That love did cause greater misery for the lovers.And as for Portia, she did not know that Bassanio was very poor until they got married. And whether Bassanio truly loved her is not undoubtable, since it was possible that Bassanio at least partly considered Portia’s wealth when he decided to try his luck:And from your love I have a warrantyTo unburden all my plots and purposesHow to get clear of all the debts I owe.……O my Antonio, had I but the meansTo hold a rival place with one of them,I have a mind presages me such thrift,That I should questionless be fortunate!(The Merchant of Venice, act 1, scene 1) The consequence of that love was that Portia had to try to insert some control over her husband by playing the trick to teach him a lesson. Considering that they were just newly-wed, Portia could be a good tamer for the carefree Bassanio in the future. Anyway, the idea of using the three boxes to test who was the true lover was quite a novel one, which I believe no expert on marriage will sincerely recommend.Although the Greek philosophers did write about “love at first sight”, they also mentioned some cases in which passion occurred after the initial meeting (Wikipedia, 2013). However, Shakespeare seemed to have ignored these situations. Maybe it was not just because he was with “small Latine, and lesse Greeke” (Jonson, 1618). The reason lies in many aspects.First of all, the arrangement is of better dramatic effects. Because the lovers in the plays fell in love so quickly, they would inevitably leave something unrevealed, which could in the end be the key of the plot. Also, there are more twist and turns and conflicts in the kind of plot.Secondly, this might have something to do with the status of women at that time. As we can see from the scripts, women at Shakespeare’s time were at an inferiorstatus. In Romeo and Juliet, although the old Capulet expressed that his consent was only part of Juliet’s choice of love, Lady Capulet still urged her daughter Juliet to obey her parents’ will. And young Juliet did promise to try:I'll look to like, if looking liking move:But no more deep will I endart mine eyeThan your consent gives strength to make it fly.(Romeo and Juliet, act 1, scene 3) And such lines expressing women’s affiliation with their lovers, husbands, or fathers were also found in The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer-Night’s Dream. For example, in A Midsummer-Night’s Dream, Theseus warned Hermia of rebelling her father, and expressed that she was in the hand of her father:To you your father should be as a god;One that composed your beauties, yea, and oneTo whom you are but as a form in waxBy him imprinted and within his powerTo leave the figure or disfigure it.(A Midsummer-Night’s Dream, act 1, scene 1)It then seems that the choice of young girls like Juliet, Hermia and Portia was a rebellion towards the male-dominant society. As both Juliet’s and Hermia’s marriage were determined by their parents, the young girls might choose their own lovers with haste so that they would at least spend their lives with someone of their own choice. And though Portia’s parents had already passed away, her destiny was still controlled by her father’s will. For all of them, the way to resist is to choose a lover of their own fast (or at one sight) and break away with her lover as soon as possible.Nonetheless, for most of the young girls who dared not stand against their families, it was better to love whomever they belong to. Therefore they would try or pretend to love whoever came at them. For example, Juliet, before meeting Romeo, tried to “love” Paris “at one sight”, though she eventually fell in love with Romeo:I'll look to like, if looking liking move:But no more deep will I endart mine eyeThan your consent gives strength to make it fly.(Romeo and Juliet, act 1, scene 3) For men’s part, men did not have to sacrifice as much as women did in one relationship when men were superior. Therefore Romeo could woo the girl he preferred at first sight without much consideration, and Lysander could change his mind easily.However, I have pictured too solemn a picture of the love mentioned. In fact, we can hardly deny the faith of Romeo and Juliet, and the love between Lysander and Hermia seemed to grow mature after all the obstacles. I think, this love is also true love, because lovers overcome difficulties in the pursuit of love. And this love lies in the human mind.So the third reason is that this kind of love is always part of human affection. Such cliché of falling in love at first sight and remaining in love forever despite all obstacles also appeared in modern literatures. Zweig’s Letter From An Unknown Women also depicts the psychology of all Juliets and Helenas of all time. And Duras’s Hiroshima mon amour reminds me of Romeo and Juliet in that the female protagonist in the movie also fell in love with one of the enemies of her nation. It seems always attractive to love someone of alien characters, for instance the foes whom one has known little (May. 1969). The point is simple: the inclination to be irrational always exists. And that might be the basic view of love by Shakespeare.However, the rational modern concept of love focuses more on the mutual trust and respect side, which is probably due to the emphasis on equality. Erich Fromm (1956) “presented love as a skill that can be taught and developed, and rejected the idea of loving as something mysterious.”He argued in The Art of Loving that the active character of true love involves four elements: care, responsibility, respect, and knowledge (1956, p.24).It can be concluded that the rational modern concept and the perspective held byShakespeare both have their strength and weakness. The rational one has realized the importance of respect, which is hard for people of Shakespeare’s time to realize because of the fact of women’s being inferior at that time. But Shakespeare did perceive the subtle aspect of love, which was interpreted by ancient Greek and Medieval European literature as some divine power. In a word, love is difficult to perceive and understand unless one has been through it on his or her own.Reference[1]Duras, M. (2010).广岛之恋.(L.D. Tan, trans.).上海:上海译文出版社.(Original work published 1960)[2]Eros(concept).(2013, May 31). Retrieved Jul. 27,2013, from/wiki/Eros_(concept)[3]Jonson, B. (2013, Jul. 15). To the Memory of My Beloved, the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare, line 31. Retrieved Jul. 28,2013, from/wiki/Ben_Jonson#To_the_Memory_of_My_Beloved.2C_the_ Author.2C_Mr._William_Shakespeare_.281618.29[4]May, R.(1969). Love and Will. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.[5]Shakespeare, W.(1866). A Midsummer-Night's Dream . The Globe Edition. Cambridge: MacMillan and Co.[6]Shakespeare, W.(1866). Romeo and Juliet . The Globe Edition. Cambridge: MacMillan and Co.[7]Shakespeare, W.(1866). The merchant of Venice. The Globe Edition. Cambridge: MacMillan and Co.[8]The Art of Loving.(2013, Jul. 22).Retrieved Jul. 28,2013, from/wiki/The_Art_of_Loving[9]The Four Loves.(2013, Jul. 21).Retrieved Jul. 27,2013, from/wiki/The_Four_Loves[10]Zweig, S. (2006).一个陌生女人的来信. 斯·茨威格中短篇小说选(S.Y. Zhang, trans.).北京:人民文学出版社.(Original work published 1922)。
论中外著名戏剧家及其作品赏析

湖南农业大学课程论文学院:园艺园林学院班级:园艺三班姓名:罗慧娟学号:201541738305课程论文题目:论中外著名戏剧家及其作品赏析课程名称:戏剧鉴赏评阅成绩:评阅意见:成绩评定教师签名:日期:年月日课程论文题目——论中外著名戏剧家及其作品赏析学生:罗慧娟(园艺园林学院园艺三班,学号201541738305)摘要:戏剧家是戏剧发展历程中起关键作用的,好的戏剧作品带给过去乃至未来不可估量的价值。
关键词:关汉卿、汤显祖、莎士比亚戏剧家是指各民族戏剧业内具有一定成就的编剧、导演、演员、舞台美术家、戏剧音乐家和戏剧评论家、活动家。
是专门从事戏剧文学写作的作家,这些作品可能是为舞台表演而创作,或是不可能上演的舞台剧本,或是只以剧本对话形式的纯粹文学创作。
戏剧的发展是一条漫漫长路,是一代一代戏剧家实践出来的路。
一、早期的戏剧家(一)西方戏剧家西方现有作品流传下来的最早的剧作家可追溯到西元前五世纪的古希腊时期。
当时希腊一年一度的酒神节的重要内容便是盛大的戏剧比赛。
每个参赛的剧作家都要提交一个悲剧三联剧和一个内容相关的羊人剧作为参赛作品。
这个比赛的胜利者,现在还有作品流传下来的只有悲剧作家埃斯库罗斯、索福克勒斯和欧里庇得斯,及喜剧作家亚里士多芬尼斯。
他们创作的戏剧形式到今天仍然为剧作家采用。
在戏剧史上被大多数人认为最伟大的剧作家则是威廉·莎士比亚。
他生于文艺复兴与巴洛克时期之间的英国,但他的正悲剧、喜剧和历史剧令当时仍处于黑暗时代的戏剧艺术突然跃进高峰时期。
在他死后的四百年间,他的作品仍在世界各地不断上演和学院研究。
(二)中国戏剧家中国的戏剧发展过程与西方戏剧迥异。
最早的剧作家因资料很少,已不可考,可知的是自隋代开始有管理百戏的制度,而最早的剧本为南宋时期的《张协状元》。
这出剧本作者有一说为南宋温州的九山书会。
到宋元朝流行杂剧,关汉卿、王实甫(或说郑光祖)、白朴、马致远为代表人物,合称“元曲四大家”。
牡丹亭赏析(毕业论文)

牡丹亭赏析(毕业论文) LT非人世所可尽。
自非通人,恒以理相格耳。
第云理之所必无,安知情之所必有耶?”(注:《牡丹亭题词》)由此可见《牡丹亭》的中心是一个“情”字,或者说是“情”与“理”的斗争。
情与理是一个矛盾的两个方面,二者相辅相成:情是人的欲望,人的追求,人对物的享用、占有,是人的自然需求和情感需求没有压抑的满足,它体现的是一种主动进取的精神;理则是对即成教条的被动接受和扼杀人性的遵守。
无论过去、现在和将来,感情和理智之间,既有可以调和一致的一面,也有不可调和和不相一致的一面。
情近似而不等于感情,理近似而不等于理智。
儒家经典《礼记·礼运》篇说:“何谓人情?喜、怒、哀、惧、恶、欲七者,弗学而能。
”同样《乐记》篇说:“夫物之惑人无穷,而人之好恶无节,则是物至而人化物也,人化物也者,灭天理而穷人欲者也。
”它第一次提示出人欲和天理之间的对立和斗争,不是灭天理穷人欲,就是存天理而专人欲,非彼即此,两者必居其一。
人欲就是情,是与生俱来,不学而能的人的本性。
“食、色,性也。
”“天理”指的是宗法社会的伦理道德对人的约束,即礼教。
“非礼勿视,非礼勿听,非礼勿言,非礼勿动”这是圣人孔子的言论,它成为封建时代人们必须遵守的信条,异性之间不得往来,自由恋爱。
当时所谓男女私情,被严厉禁止。
只有听父母之命,媒约之言,男女之情才合乎于礼法,即合乎天理。
少男少女要追求异性,这是人之常情,礼教却禁止男女之间的任何往来。
杜丽娘是官家小姐,她有幸读书识字。
《诗经》、乐府和其他文学作品对她的启蒙,如同苏轼的一首诗所写的那样:识字是人生不幸的起点,她再也不能像过去一样顺从地活下去了,她的反抗,或者如实地说,那只能是一次小小的不顺从的尝试,开始于她向春香探听花园的所在。
父母对杜丽娘的宠爱可谓无微不至,却从不对她提起有这样一所花园,只有在父亲下乡劝农之时,她才得偷偷地游一次花园。
闺秀小姐除刺绣、识字之外,她的时代和社会地位命定她无所事事。
戏剧鉴赏课论文-赏析《暗恋桃花源》

浅析话剧《暗恋桃花源》的艺术性摘要:话剧指以对话为主的戏剧形式。
话剧虽然可以使用少量音乐、歌唱等,但主要叙述手段为演员在台上无伴奏的对白或独白。
话剧本是一门综合性艺术,剧作、导演、表演、舞美、灯光、评论缺一不可。
话剧作为一门文学体裁,有着自身的文体特点和要求,并制约着读者对它的接受和欣赏。
而《暗恋桃花源》堪称话剧中的经典之作。
本文简要介绍话剧的相关知识并根据话剧文体的艺术规定,从内容和结构两个层面来对《暗恋桃花源》进行欣赏。
关键词:话剧,暗恋桃花源,艺术性,内容,结构一、引言这是我在大学里面唯一接触戏剧的课程,通过学习让我对话剧产生了比较浓厚的兴趣。
通过查找资料我了解到任何一门艺术都由内容和形式两个层面组成。
话剧作品同样如此,因此,我想从内容和形式两个方面对经典话剧《暗恋桃花源》进行欣赏。
二、话剧艺术简介话剧指以对话为主的戏剧形式。
话剧不可缺少的是接受这门艺术的对象——观众。
话剧最通俗的定义:话剧是由演员扮演人物,当众表演故事的艺术。
我们所谓戏剧故事,故事本身不是叙述的,而是由演员直接把事情呈现出来,所以受到种种限制:时间的限制;空间的限制;表现媒介的限制;情绪效果的限制。
话剧艺术的基本特点包括:第一,舞台性。
古今中外的话剧演出都是借助于舞台完成的,舞台有各种样式,目的有二:一利演员表演剧情,一利观众从各个角度欣赏;第二,直观性。
话剧首先是以演员的姿态、动作、对话、独白等表演,直接作用于观众的视觉和听觉;并用化妆、服饰等手段进行人物造型,使观众能直接观赏到剧中人物形象的外貌特征;第三,综合性。
话剧是一种综合性的艺术,其特点是与在舞台塑造具体艺术形象、向观众直接展现社会生活情景的需要和适应的;第四,对话性。
话剧区别于其他剧种的特点是通过大量的舞台对话展现剧情、塑造人物和表达主题的。
其中有人物独白,有观众对话,在特定的时、空内完成戏剧内容。
三、浅析《暗恋桃花源》的艺术性(一)《暗恋桃花源》的内容话剧内容话剧欣赏的内容层面指作品的题材和主题,即一部剧作看完以后能知道它写了什么内容,表达了作者什么思想,这是读者能否和作者进行对话的前提。
西方戏剧赏析论文——威尼斯商人

威尼斯商人戏剧赏析《威尼斯商人》又名《威尼斯的犹太人》是莎士比亚于1596-1597年写成的一部五幕喜剧,是莎士比亚的早期作品,在这一时期,莎士比亚的创作以喜剧为主,也包括历史剧和诗歌。
作为莎士比亚初入文学殿堂的作品,这部喜剧中充满了青年人的乐观精神。
这部作品体现了莎士比亚喜剧的几个特点:第一,喜剧与讽刺结紧密相关,莎士比亚继承和发扬了希腊罗马讽刺喜剧的传统:即嘲笑一切丑恶、庸俗的事物,抨击生活中不合理的现象。
《威尼斯商人》一剧,剧中多次提及金钱的话题,其中包含着对金钱的揭露和批判。
此外剧中也对对金钱痴迷进行批判,对封建的陈规陋习也针砭入骨。
第二,喜剧和人文主义的生活理想相结合。
忠诚的爱情和友谊的主题是《威尼斯商人》赞美的中心。
但是这种爱情和友谊是建筑在人文主义的道德原则基础上的。
在莎上比亚的喜剧中,男女是以平等的身份出现的,并着重歌颂了女性的聪明才智与勇气。
这在当时来说,是一种较为先进的思想。
最后,作家还以人道主义精神,歌颂了民族平等和友爱的思想。
《威尼斯商人》主要讲述:贫穷而出身高贵的威尼斯青年巴萨尼奥向威尼斯商人夏洛克借贷以向美丽并富有的鲍西娅求婚。
但就在他即将成婚时,他收到了好友安东尼奥的一封告别信,得知为自己担保和签订借据的好友安东尼奥投资于海上贸易,而船只却不幸失事,无法偿还欠款,而痛恨安东尼奥的夏洛克落井下石企图根据借约从安东尼奥胸口夺走一磅肉,两人对簿公堂,机智勇敢的鲍西娅假扮律师出庭,利用她的聪明机智,惩罚了夏洛克,故事结尾皆大欢喜,有情人终成眷属。
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚喜剧中的一部杰作,但它也是喜剧中的悲剧,剧中多次提到金钱这一古老而又永不过时、永不衰退的话题。
最后,作家还以人道主义精神,歌颂了民族平等和友爱的思想。
一部作品当它从作者的笔下来到读者的手中时,它便已经与作者脱离了关系,每一个读者都会在阅读之后都会有一本完全不同的《威尼斯商人》,沉浸于爱情者看得见那甜蜜的爱情,热衷友情的感动于无私的友情,喜欢幽默的会被一个个双关语逗乐,而有的人会看到那温暖背后的熊熊地火的涌动。
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Some Impressions of Romeo and JulietRomeo and Juliet is one of the most romantic and widely known Shakespearean plays around the world for quite a long time. There are more than a dozen editions of film Romeo and Juliet. Among those, the one produced in 1968 is regarded the best expresses Shakespeare both in form and idea. It is directed by Franco Zeffirelli and taken as an eternal song of love theme in the world. And two major lines threading through the whole play are always focused: a tragedy of fortune and a tragedy of fate. The death of Romeo and Juliet bring reconciliation to the two opposing families and the tragedy of them indeed moved the audience a great deal: “For never was a story of more woe/ Then this of Juliet and her Romeo.” (Shakespeare 1093) Romeo and Juliet is one of the best known and best loved of Shakespeare’ plays. It conforms rather to the simplest, most basic definition of the term “tragedy". Called it a "tragedy", it's according to the love of Romeo and Juliet and the death of them. But may be we want to know more about their love than the tragedy.Romeo and Juliet leaves me a deep impression, whether the play or the movie of 1968. Juliet is played by Olivia Hussey vividly who looks dignified and classical with little pure at her age of 17. Romeo is played by handsome Leonard Whiting. In this version, whether the costumes, the action people had or the languages they speak are perfectly matched to the age and the story’s original background. We can see people wear tights and fight violently with the real sword; those scenes are exactly what the old age people like. We will soon be able to enter the story and the whole scene set up in our minds automatically.With the sound of “what is a youth”, Romeo and Juliet meet each other by chance at Capulet’s masque ball. The poignant love story starts! The encounter at the ball, the profession of love on balcony, the pledge at the church and the farewell in the grave, these most memorable scenes leave me deep impressions and I cannot help admiring the delicate contriving of the play----- “O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright!” We usually wonder that w hy this tragedy is the most woeful. Maybe because it proves us that humanity is nothing but fortune’s fool, controlled by the almighty stars, acting on the mere stage of the world. Because it tells a story of true love, which reminds us of our own desire for true love, especially in youth!The two chief families in Verona has been so deadly enmity. Romeo, who is the son of the old lord Montagu e, wants to see the beauty of Capulet’s’ daughter, Juliet. So he takes p art in the party in Capulet’s. They are in love at the first time. Soon, they are engaged with the help of Friar in secret. The same day, Romeo’s friends meet and fight till one of them dies. Romeo kills Tybalt in order to Mercution. The prince decides to sentence Romeo to banish from Verona. Later, Capulet forces Juliet to marry to the young count Paris. Juliet only asks for the help from Friar. Friar asks Juliet to agree to marry Paris. Before the night of marriage, drinking off the poison, the effort of which would last forty hours,she should appear cold and lifeless. Romeo will come to fetch her when she awakes, both of them can leave off Verona.Unfortunately, Romeo doesn’t receive the letter. On hearing of the death of Juliet, he sets out for Verona with a poison to have a sight of Juliet. After Romeo kisses Juliet, drinking off the poison and dies. When Juliet revives, she finds died Romeo. Then she kills herself. After Friars tells the truth, the two old families agree to bury their enmity. They give hands each other. The play Shakespeare writes as a tragedy play, but it contains comedy. Although the result of Romeo and Juliet is tragedy, the long gap disappears in the feudal noble at last. In the play descriptions of love are moving and idyllic Romeo is caught in an excess of emotion at first time. He is in love with the idea of love. He is moody, unbalanced. After he sees Juliet, all the things have changed in his high-spirited happiness, gallant and love. He constant to his love at the first sight of Juliet: Beauty too rich for use. For earth too dear! /Did my heart love till now? For swear it, sights! / For I never saw true beauty till this night…We know Romeo has changed. He starts to understand what the real love is. He is even ready to reveal insolence and to be the mediator between Mercutio and Tybalt with the death of Tybalt, he is exiled from Verona. He says," Hence from Verona is conch more than death. There is no world without Verona walls. There is no heaven without where Juliet lives." when he knows the news of Juliet’s death, suicide is the only choice. Juliet's death means no signification life. So we can see how deeply Romeo loves Juliet. Juliet is more important than him. Juliet also aged quickly within five days. At the beginning of the play: Juliet is an obedient young girl of fourteen. Nurse calls her "lamb". But when she is in love with Romeo, she starts to consider something about herself -determining and think of the significant of life.Only in youth can they fall in love without utilitarian, but with devoting all they have to love. “Youth…is a matter of will…vigor of the emotions.”(Youth 82 英语六级晨读美文) Every part of the movie if full of such sweet sorrow: the true love in youth with doomed tragedy. The more happy the twos are, the more sorrow they will have. In the prologue of Romeo and Juliet, the chorus made the notion of fate manifest: “From forth the fatal loins of these two foes/ A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life (1058)”. Like the oracle from the Delphi in ancient Greece, the love between Romeo and Juliet was doomed to death at the every beginning. After reading the play and watching the movie, I think we should believe the true love, at least, we may become strong believers that true love is existence.Sometimes we may ask that what the most glorious thing is in the world. Shakespeare answered, “Love and art.”(Sonnet 116) the reason that people always describe love is beautiful may be because of its difficulty to get. Dying for love, like a religious martyr, makes the moment love eternal to guard. Love in youth is more valuable. “Love is a past time a nd never will pall/ Sweeter than honey and bitter as gall”(from song “what is youth”). The rose will bloom, but it will fade. So does the youth!So does the fairest maid! The two families, the Capulet and the Montague, who are in war, gave birth to a pair of unfortunate lovers; a general in the opening poem, the film has been passed down for hundreds of years of well-known tragedy of lovebegan.“What is a youth?” is always echoed around my ear. “What is a youth? Impetuous fire/what is a maid? Ice and desire…” Shakespeare illustrates his understanding of youth, but what is yours? One day if you could answer this question, yours may have gone. In the Middle Ages, marriages were still arranged. Romeo and Juliet, however, they choose freedom. They allow the passion aroused in adolescence to dominate everything. When the youth pursue love and seek the ideal of happiness, they can restrain nothing and resist nothing. Romeo and Juliet are the typical of this kind of youth. For the freedom of love, they pursued at all costs. Except the family influence, that they have no plan for dealing with the complicated problem is regarded another important reason for the tragedy. Before the love affair came into being, they all let everything followed with their feelings without any thinking over it. But life is a long process, not a little period. How to continue the love after they get married and keep peace between the two families? For the strong power of love, and also for their young age and unacquaintance, crude and rash, they all did not realize the importance of these objectives. The love supported without any firm backing thing is hidden danger for the later story.The whole story occurred in four days, and every scene was in a hurry--- speed into marriage, speed into banishment, speed back to Juliet, and speed in another quarter to get Juliet married to Parris, speed to kill whoever steps in the way and speed to commit suicide when life suddenly seems not worth living. For the time they fell in love at the first sight to the time they got married, the love between them leapt up to the top of the happiness, ad then, fell down to the abyss of the suffering, at last, they died for love. All of these details embodied one point: the youth is in full bloom. They are all full of young people’s strong lust. Romeo had described love like this: “love is a smoke raised with the fume of sighs/ being purged a fire sparking in loveers eyes/ being vex’d a sea nourish’d with lovers tears/ what else? /Madness most discreet/ a choking gall and a preserving sweet.”(Romeo and Juliet) That implied Romeo had not known what true love is, and he hadn’t tasted the real flavor of love. Youth is wonderful and passion, which happened in young people, is more splendid. It can make your life incredible and forgettable.Never is a story of more woe than this of Juliet and her Romeo. I appreciate the movie of 1968 version for the beauty and respect the original work.。