(完整word版)2017-全国卷语法填空+短文改错真题专练及答案.docx

总分：

2017 语法填空真题

班级：姓名：

Cloze12017 全国卷Ⅰ，15 分话题：饮食与健康词数： 196

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,

which was started by the medical community( 医学界 )1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had

some unintended side2(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required3(process) the food that we eat, to

recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt4(remove) from food, the

food tastes as if it is missing something. As5result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that

something missing. Even6(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food7

(be) full of fat and salt; by8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their

diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心 ) between meals and will

improve the taste of your food. However, be9(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible

to have too much of both,10is not good for the health.

Cloze22017 全国卷Ⅱ，15 分话题：地下客运铁路词数： 181

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven

kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible1(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and

2work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up

the road,3(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over4top. When all those had

been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines5(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been6(fair)

unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great

success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using7every day.

Later,engineers8(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道 ), which

became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the9(introduce)of

electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most10(success) of

these new lines,and was opened in1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved

extremely popular with the public.

Cloze32017 全国卷Ⅲ，15 分话题：上学的同时兼职做模特词数： 196

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the

challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term

1(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡ 6,500 a day as2model in New York.

Sarah3(tell) that she could be Britain’ s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,4has taken part in shows

along with top models, wants5(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry

on with her6(educate).

She has turned down several7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.

After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree8 engineering or architecture.

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school9(come) first. I

don’twant to get too absorbed in modeling. It is10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I

don ’ t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can ore." ’ t model any m

2017 短文改错高考真题

Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分（每个1分）

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard

0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor ’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed

up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分（每个1分）

Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is

on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!

Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分（每个1分）

When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and

also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of

high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference

kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back

to me many happy memories of your high school days.

2017 年全国卷语法填空真题答案

Cloze1

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

1.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示" 作为一种抵御心脏病的方式" ，所以填 as，意为 " 作为 "。

2.effects考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的"some" 及空后的 "such as overweight and heart disease" 可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。

3.to process 考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth. 为固定用法。

4.are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。

5.a 考查冠词。 as a result为固定搭配，意为 "结果 " 。

6.worse考查比较级。短语Even worse 意为 "更糟糕的是 "，表示意义的递进。故用 worse。

7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓

语动词，又因主语为 Fast food，故填 is。

8.eating考查非谓语动词。介词by 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。

9.careful考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful" 当心的 " 构成系表结构。

10.which考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从

句中作主语，故填关系代词which 。

Cloze 2

本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。

【段意梳理】

第一段：介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜。

第二段：蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机，尽管它让乘客感到不舒服，但乘客数量却大增。

第三段：地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁。

1.crowds 考查名词复数。因为crowd 为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。

2.from 考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/446426204.html,ying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This ，谓语动词 included 后由 and 连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying 。

【易错点拨】该句中的lay 不是与前面的谓语动词included并列，而是与 digging up 和 building 并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。

4.the 考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在top 前加 the。

5.were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863 年的事情，而且 Steam engines与 use 之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。

6.fairly 考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填 fairly 。

7.it 考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly"可知，此处用it 代替 the railway 。

【知识拓展】 one 指代上文提到的单数的人或物，指" 同一类中的一个 "，表示泛指意义；that 指上文出现的名词，表示同类的东西，既可指代可数名词单数，又可指代不可数名词，常有后置定语修饰，表

特指； it 指上文提到的同一事物，与前面的名词是同一个，表特指。

8.managed 考查动词时态。因为engineers 与 manage 之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。

9.introduction 考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the 可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction 。

10.successful 考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most 可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填 successful。Cloze 3

亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah 仍然坚持要完成学业。

【段意梳理】

第一段：讲述 16 岁女孩 Sarah 与同龄孩子不同，在学习的同时兼顾从事模特职业。

第二段： Sarah 的父亲希望她放弃学业，但她坚信自己可以做到美丽与智慧并存。

第三段： Sarah 拒绝了许多演出邀请，专心于学业，立志考上大学。

第四段： Sarah 谈论不想放弃学业而专职做模特的原因。

1. resting 考查固定搭配。 spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。

2.a 考查冠词。该空后面model 是可数名词单数，此处表示" 作为一名模特 "，故填 a。

3.has been told/was told考查动词时态和语态。此处动词 tell 与 Sarah 是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和 Sarah 的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填 has been told。此外， " 被告知 " 这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told 。

【易错点拨】考生在考虑动词的时态时，经常会忽略语态，如此题容易误填told 。因此，当考查动词的时候要从句意理解出发，考虑动作的主语与动词之间是主动还是被动的关系。

4.who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah 是主语， wants 是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，

先行词为 Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。

5.to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do 是固定搭配，故填to prove 。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/446426204.html,cation考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her 后需用 educate 的名词形式，故填education。

7.invitations考查名词单复数。 invitation 是可数名词，前面有 several 修饰，要用复数形式，故填 invitations 。

8.in 考查介词。 degree 与介词 in 搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in 。

https://www.360docs.net/doc/446426204.html,es 考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school 是第三人称单数，故填comes。

【易错点拨】动词如果使用一般现在时，要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。

10.certainly考查副词。此处fun 是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly 。

【知识拓展】考查形容词与副词时，除了要考虑词性相互转换，还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词。比如

括号里给出fortunate一词，需要改为副词形式fortunately ，同时还要结合句意来判断，是否要改为unfortunately 。

2017 年全国卷短文改真答案

Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分

①考序数。" 我的 18 生日 " ，用序数eighteenth。

②由序数first 可知，其前加定冠the。也可以用形容性物主代my 修 first day 。

③考上下文的关系。根据境可知，前后两句之折关系，故把so 改 but 或 yet。

④考。本文述作者 18 生日后的那个暑假生的事情，且通篇以去主。此用一般去，故把 goes改 went。

⑤考名的数。根据下文可知，教出了很多指令，故用word 的复数形式words 。

⑥考。此祈使句，并和上文中的"Speed up"和 "Slow down" 并列，故改原形Turn 。

⑦考固定句型。此含有"so...that..." 引的果状从句，句中的much 多余，故除。

⑧考副。late 意 "，晚 " 。" 一段 +later" 表示"一段之后 " ，故把 late 改 later。

⑨考形容。句中的名stop 用形容修，所以把suddenly 改 sudden。

⑩考固定搭配。in the middle of意"在??的中"，故把on改of。

Correction 2 2017 全国卷Ⅱ，10 分

①考代。因主是两个人，所以用both 表示两者都，而all 表示三者或三者以上的全部。此将

all 去掉也可以。

②考冠。因 hour 的音以元音音素开，所以其前用an。此也可用 one 表示数量 " 一 "。

③考形容。因是描述主they 的心理状，所以使用interested" ??感趣的 " 。

④考关系代。此是非限制性定从句，且关系代在从句中作主，指代上文的garden，所以用which 来引定从句。

⑤考副。此没有比的含，所以用early 的原。

⑥考介。 buy 及物，其后直接跟，而buy sth. for sb. 意 " 某人某物 "。

⑦考副。 beside 意 "在??旁 "，而 besides 意 " 此外 " 。

⑧考名。 information 不可数名，无复数形式。

⑨考。因主句部分一般将来，所以此的状从句使用一般在表将来意

。

⑩考的固定用法。短invite sb.to do sth.意 " 邀某人做某事 "。

Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分

①考介。realize 后接从句，介of 多余。

②考。由状"in the past few years" 可知，此的是生在去的作在的影响，故

用在完成。

③考。not only...but also... 是固定搭配。

④考。photo 与 take 被关系，故用被。take 的去分是taken。

⑤考。" 我 "入高中第二学年并成学校音俱部的新成一系列作生在去，所以

用became。

⑥考限定/冠。 picture 作 " 照片 " 之意是可数名，因上文已提到照片，因此要用定冠

the 表特指，或者用this 。

⑦考定从句。things 是个名，后面接了一个定从句，修先行things，既可以用that 也可以用

which 作关系代。

⑧考形容。名kinds 前需要形容来修，因此把名difference 改形容different 。

⑨考形近辨析。合句意，里表示收集最新的音，故将late 改 latest。

⑩考人称指代一致。全文介的是" 我" 的故事，因此里是" 我 " 高中期的回。