3GPP协议编号-标准协议之3GPP标准协议
标准协议之3GPP标准协议
标准协议之3GPP标准协议引言第三代移动通信（3G）技术的发展，为高速数据通信提供了基础支撑，3G通信技术的标准化是实现互联网与移动通信的深度融合的关键。
为此，诸多组织纷纷开展研究，提出了各自的3G通信标准协议，3GPP标准协议就是其中最具代表性的一种。
本文将对3GPP标准协议进行详细介绍。
一、3GPP标准协议的概述3GPP（3rd Generation Partnership Project），即第三代移动通信合作伙伴计划，是一个负责第三代移动通信标准制定的国际标准化组织。
它成立于1998年，由欧洲电信标准化组织（ETSI）、日本电信技术委员会（ARIB）和中国电信技术标准化委员会（CCSA）三个组织联合发起，后增加了韩国电信技术委员会（TTC）和美国电子工程师学会（IEEE）等组织参与。
目前，该组织已经成为了全球3G移动通信标准的主要制定组织之一。
3GPP标准协议是3GPP制定的通信标准协议。
它包含了无线接入技术、网络及服务层技术等方面的规范和标准。
目前，3GPP已经发展到了第16个版本（所谓的Release 16），在这些版本中，3GPP不断更新、完善和调整标准协议，以满足不断增长的通信技术需求。
二、3GPP标准协议的技术特点1. 广泛适用性3GPP标准协议是基于全球3G技术制定的，因此在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用。
目前，3GPP标准协议已成为全球最主要的移动通信技术标准之一。
2. 支持多种业务3GPP标准协议支持语音、短信、多媒体消息、互联网接入、视频通信等多种业务，能够满足用户的多样化需求。
3. 高速数据通信3GPP标准协议支持多种高速数据通信技术，如CDMA2000、HSPA、LTE等，可以提供更加快捷、高速的数据传输服务。
近年来，随着5G技术的逐渐普及，3GPP标准协议也在不断升级，以适应新时期的通信技术需求。
4. 具备可扩展性3GPP标准协议支持多种可扩展的技术和功能，这使得移动通信网络能够根据用户需求的增加而进行扩展和升级。
3GPP协议导读
Yes
2009-12-10
yes
TS
22.042
Network Identity and Time Zone (NITZ); Service description; Stage 1
S1
Yes
2009-12-10
yes
TS
22.053
Tandem Free Operation (TFO); Service description; Stage 1
第3章协议目录
Type
Number
Title
WG prime
For publication?
freeze date
frozen
TS
21.101
Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a UTRAN-based 3GPP system
SP
Yes
S1
Yes
2009-12-10
yes
TS
22.086
Advice of Charge (AoC) supplementary services; Stage 1
S1
Yes
2009-12-10
yes
TS
22.087
User-to-user signalling (UUS); Stage 1
S1
Yes
2009-12-10
SP
Yes
TR
21.801
Specificationdrafting rules
SP
No
TR
21.900
Technical Specification Group working methods
3gpp标准
3gpp标准
3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) 是一个跨国合作伙伴关系，他由操作系统行业一些大公司及无线行业的国家组织和经济组织组成。
3GPP的大宗是为尖端的3G 移动交换技术的开发、标准制订和研究。
3GPP的合作伙伴在全球14个国家，共有250个公司和50个组织的推动下制定的国际移动通信标准，此标准被称为“3GPP标准”。
3GPP标准覆盖了许多关键技术领域，其中包括无线介面，以太网局域网，无线安全，移动网络，移动服务和多媒体。
它们都有助于支持3G移动交换基础架构，其中包括传统的介质访问控制，GPRS，CDMA及UMTS等协议，重点强调了复杂的编码，调制和解调器及分布式信息及系统管理等。
3GPP标准由一系列的子标准组成。
这些子标准的编号主要有3GPP TS (Technical Specifications) 和3GPP TR ( Technical Recommendations)。
3GPP TS主要是移动通信系统的相关事宜，包括传输协议，软件规范，多媒体交换技术，质量管理，安全主题等。
3GPP TR则更多地聚焦给传统用户提供更好的用户体验和服务，它们包括了多媒体无线终端的技术咨询，客户的自助服务，视频会议流程等。
3GPP标准致力于提供移动交换技术在世界范围内的统一标准，让消费者可以在不同的设备之间顺利的使用服务。
这些标准的实施可以将不同的技术和应用结合起来，建立一个良好的移动通信环境，为消费者创造新的价值和令人满意的服务。
3gpp标准 文档
3GPP标准概述和组织架构首先3GPP标准化组织主要包括项目合作组(PCG)和技术规范组(TSG)两类。
其中PCG工作组主要负责3GPP总体管理、时间计划、工作的分配等，具体的技术工作则由各TSG工作组完成。
目前,3GPP包括3个TSG，分别负责EDGE无线接入网(GERAN)、无线接入网(RAN)、系统和业务方面（SA）、核心网和终端（CT）。
每一个TSG进一步分为不同的工作子组，每个工作子组分配具体的任务。
例如SA WG1负责需求制定，SA WG2负责系统架构，SA WG3负责安全，SA WG5负责网络管理等等。
又如，TSG RAN 划分为5个工作小组，分别是RAN层1规范组、层2和层3规范组、lub/Lur/Lu规范与OAM需求规范组。
无线性能与协议规范组和终端一致性测试规范组。
目前，3GPP已经正式发布R99、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8共6个版本。
R8版本于2009年3月正式发布，R9的标准工作也已正式启用。
其中，R99-R7版本已基本稳定，R8部分特征正在完善过程中。
另外，3GPP相关的标准工作可以分为两个阶段：SI（Study Item,技术可行性研究阶段)和WI（Work Item，具体技术规范撰写阶段）。
SI阶段主要以研究的形式确定系统的基本框架，并进行主要的候选技术选择，以对标准化的可行性进行判断。
WI阶段分为Stage2、Stage3两个子阶段。
其中，Stage2主要通过对SI阶段中初步讨论的系统框架进行确认，同时进一步完善技术细节。
该阶段规范并不能够直接用于设备开发，而是对系统的一个总体描述，仅是一个参考规范，根据Stage2形成的初步设计，进一步验证了系统的性能。
Stage3主要是确定具体的流程、算法及参数等。
3GPP各版本针对核心网的演进1 R99阶段：这是3G标准的第一个阶段，2000年3月发布。
延续了GSM/GPRS系统的核心网系统结构，即分为电路域和分组域分别处理语音和数据业务。
3gpp协议
3GPP协议1. 引言3GPP（第三代合作伙伴计划）是一个跨国合作组织，致力于制定和发展无线通信标准和技术。
3GPP协议是由该组织制定的一系列标准和规范，用于支持全球范围内的移动通信网络。
本文档将介绍一些常见的3GPP协议，包括LTE和5G等。
2. LTE协议LTE（Long-Term Evolution）是一种4G移动通信技术，它是3GPP协议中的一部分。
LTE协议定义了整个网络架构和通信协议层，包括物理层、数据链路层、网络层和应用层等。
•物理层：LTE物理层定义了信道、调制解调、传输和编码等。
它使用了OFDM（正交频分多路复用）和MIMO（多输入多输出）等技术，以提供高速数据传输和更好的信号质量。
•数据链路层：LTE数据链路层负责广播和多址接入，以及无线资源的调度和管理。
它使用了一种称为LTE无线接入接口的协议，用于无线资源的分配和调度。
•网络层：LTE网络层包括用户面和控制面，它负责用户数据的路由和传输，以及控制消息的传递。
LTE网络层使用IP协议进行数据传输，并提供QoS（服务质量）管理、移动性管理和安全性等功能。
•应用层：LTE应用层提供基于IP的应用服务，如VoIP（语音通信）、视频流媒体和互联网访问等。
3. 5G协议5G是下一代移动通信技术，也是3GPP协议的一部分。
5G协议在LTE的基础上进行了扩展和改进，以提供更高的数据传输速度、更低的延迟和更好的网络容量。
•物理层：5G物理层采用了新的技术，如更高的频率、更宽的频带和更高的MIMO级别等。
它可以支持更高的数据传输速率和更低的延迟。
•数据链路层：5G数据链路层引入了新的帧结构和调度算法，以提高网络的容量和效率。
它还支持更复杂的调度和编码技术，以适应不同的应用需求。
•网络层：5G网络层引入了网络切片（Network Slicing）的概念，以支持不同种类的应用和服务。
它还支持更灵活的移动性管理和安全性机制。
•应用层：5G应用层将继续提供基于IP的应用服务，并支持更高质量的多媒体传输和更低的延迟。
3gpp协议
3GPP TR 36.942 V9.0.1(2010-04)Technical Report3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);Radio Frequency (RF) system scenarios(Release 9)The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM ) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.KeywordsLTE, Radio3GPPPostal address3GPP support office address650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia AntipolisValbonne - FRANCETel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16InternetCopyright NotificationNo part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© 2010, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC).All rights reserved.UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational PartnersLTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of i ts Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM AssociationContentsForeword (6)1Scope (7)2References (7)3Definitions, symbols and abbreviations (8)3.1Definitions (8)3.2Symbols (8)3.3Abbreviations (8)4General assumptions (9)4.1Interference scenarios (10)4.2Antenna Models (10)4.2.1BS antennas (10)4.2.1.1BS antenna radiation pattern (11)4.2.1.2BS antenna heights and antenna gains for macro cells (11)4.2.2UE antennas (12)4.2.3MIMO antenna Characteristics (12)4.3Cell definitions (12)4.4Cell layouts (12)4.4.1Single operator cell layouts (12)4.4.1.1Macro cellular deployment (12)4.4.2Multi operator / Multi layer cell layouts (12)4.4.2.1Uncoordinated macro cellular deployment (13)4.4.2.2Coordinated macro cellular deployment (13)4.5Propagation conditions and channel models (14)4.5.1Received signal (14)4.5.2Macro cell propagation model – Urban Area (14)4.5.3Macro cell propagation model – Rural Area (15)4.6Base-station model (15)4.7UE model (17)4.8RRM models (18)4.8.1Measurement models (18)4.8.2Modelling of the functions (18)4.9Link level simulation assumptions (18)4.10System simulation assumptions (18)4.10.1System loading (18)5Methodology description (18)5.1Methodology for co-existence simulations (18)5.1.1Simulation assumptions for co-existence simulations (18)5.1.1.1Scheduler (18)5.1.1.2Simulated services (19)5.1.1.3ACIR value and granularity (19)5.1.1.4.1Uplink Asymmetrical Bandwidths ACIR (Aggressor with larger bandwidth) (19)5.1.1.4.2Uplink Asymmetrical Bandwidths ACIR (Aggressor with smaller bandwidth) (22)5.1.1.4Frequency re-use and interference mitigation schemes for E-UTRA (22)5.1.1.5CQI estimation (23)5.1.1.6Power control modelling for E-UTRA and 3.84 Mcps TDD UTRA (23)5.1.1.7SIR target requirements for simulated services (23)5.1.1.8Number of required snapshots (23)5.1.1.9Simulation output (23)5.1.2Simulation description (24)5.1.2.1Downlink E-UTRA interferer UTRA victim (24)5.1.2.2Downlink E-UTRA interferer E-UTRA victim (24)5.1.1.1Uplink E-UTRA interferer UTRA victim (24)5.1.2.4Uplink E-UTRA interferer E-UTRA victim (25)6System scenarios (25)6.1Co-existence scenarios (26)7Results (26)7.1Radio reception and transmission (26)7.1.1FDD coexistence simulation results (26)7.1.1.1ACIR downlink 5MHz E-UTRA interferer – UTRA victim (26)7.1.1.2ACIR downlink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA victim (27)7.1.1.3ACIR uplink 5MHz E-UTRA interferer – UTRA victim (29)7.1.1.4ACIR uplink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA victim (31)7.1.2TDD coexistence simulation results (34)7.1.2.1ACIR downlink 5MHz E-UTRA interferer – UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD victim (34)7.1.2.2ACIR downlink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA TDD victim (36)7.1.2.3ACIR downlink 1.6 MHz E-UTRA interferer – UTRA 1.28 Mcps TDD victim (38)7.1.2.4ACIR uplink 5MHz E-UTRA interferer – UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD victim (41)7.1.2.5ACIR uplink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA TDD victim (43)7.1.2.6ACIR uplink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA TDD victim (LCR frame structurebased) (45)7.1.2.7ACIR downlink 10MHz E-UTRA interferer – 10MHz E-UTRA TDD victim (LCR framestructure based) (46)7.1.3Additional coexistence simulation results (48)7.1.3.1ACIR downlink E-UTRA interferer – GSM victim (48)7.1.3.2ACIR uplink E-UTRA interferer – GSM victim (50)7.1.3.3Asymmetric coexistence 20 MHz and 5 MHz E-UTRA (51)7.1.3.4Impact of cell range and simulation frequency on ACIR (53)7.1.3.5Uplink Asymmetric coexistence TDD E-UTRA to TDD E-UTRA (54)7.1.4Base station blocking simulation results (56)7.2RRM (58)8Rationales for co-existence requirements (58)8.1BS and UE ACLR (58)8.1.1Requirements for E-UTRA – UTRA co-existence (58)8.1.2Requirements for E-UTRA – E-UTRA co-existence (59)9Deployment aspects (59)9.1UE power distribution (59)9.1.1Simulation results (60)10Multi-carrier BS requirements (62)10.1Unwanted emission requirements for multi-carrier BS (62)10.1.1General (62)10.1.2Multi-carrier BS of different E-UTRA channel bandwidths (63)10.1.3Multi-carrier BS of E-UTRA and UTRA (63)10.2Receiver requirements for multi-carrier BS (64)10.2.1General (64)10.2.2Test principles for a multi-carrier BS of equal or different E-UTRA channel bandwidths (65)11Rationale for unwanted emission specifications (65)11.1Out of band Emissions (65)11.1.1Operating band unwanted emission requirements for E-UTRA BS (spectrum emission mask) (65)11.1.2ACLR requirements for E-UTRA BS (67)11.2Spurious emissions (69)11.2.1BS Spurious emissions (69)11.2.2General spurious emissions requirements for E-UTRA BS (69)11.2.3Specification of BS Spurious emissions outside the operating band (70)11.2.4Additional spurious emissions requirements (71)Annex A (informative): Link Level Performance Model (71)A.1Description (71)A.2Modelling of Link Adaptation (73)A.3UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD HSDPA Link Level Performance (75)A.4Link Level Performance for E-UTRA TDD (LCR TDD frame structure based) (76)Annex B (informative): Smart Antenna Model for UTRA 1.28 Mcps TDD (79)B.1Description (79)Annex C (informative): Change history (83)ForewordThis Technical Report has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:Version x.y.zwhere:x the first digit:1 presented to TSG for information;2 presented to TSG for approval;3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections, updates, etc.z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.1 ScopeDuring the E-UTRA standards development, the physical layer parameters will be decided using system scenarios, together with implementation issues, reflecting the environments that E-UTRA will be designed to operate in.2 ReferencesThe following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.•References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific.•For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.•For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (includinga GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the sameRelease as the present document.[1] 3GPP TR 25.896, “Feasibility Study for Enhanced Uplink for UTRA FDD”[2] 3GPP TR 25.816, “UMTS 900 MHz Work Item Technical Report”[3] 3GPP TR 25.942, “Radio Frequency (RF) system scenarios”[4] 3GPP TR 25.814, “Physical Layer Aspects for Evolved UTRA”[5] 3GPP TR 30.03, “Selection procedures for the choice of radio transmission technologies of theUMTS”[6] R4-051146, “Some operators’ requirements for prioritization of performance requirements work inRAN WG4”, RAN4#37[7] 3GPP TR 25.951, “FDD Base Station (BS) classification”[8] 3GPP TR 25.895, ”Analysis of higher chip rates for UTRA TDD evolution.”[9] R4-070235, “Analysis of co-existence simulation results”, RAN4#42[10] R4-070084, “Coexistence Simulation Results for 5MHz E-UTRA -> UTRA FDD Uplink withRevised Simulation Assumptions”, RAN4#42[11] R4-070034, “Additional simulation results on 5 MHz LTE to WCDMA FDD UL co-existencestudies”, RAN4#42[12] R4-070262, “Simulation results on 5 MHz LTE to WCDMA FDD UL co-existence studies withrevised simulation assumptions”, RAN4#42[13] R4-070263, “Proposal on LTE ACLR requirements for UE”, RAN4#42[14] R4-061288, “Downlink LTE 900 (Rural Macro) with Downlink GSM900 (Rural Macro) Co-existence Simulation Results”, RAN4#41[15] R4-070391, “LTE 900 - GSM 900 Downlink Coexistence”, RAN4#42bis[16] R4-061304, “LTE 900 - GSM 900 Uplink Simulation Results”, RAN4#41[17] R4-070390, “LTE 900 - GSM 900 Uplink Simulation Results”, RAN4#42bis[18] R4-070392 “LTE-LTE Coexistence with asymmetrical bandwidth”, RAN4#42bis[19] 3GPP TS 36.104, ”Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception”[20] 3GPP TS 25.104, ”Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (FDD)”[21] 3GPP TS 36.141, ”Base Station (BS) conformance testing”[22] Recommendation ITU-R SM.329-10, “Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain”[23] “International Telecommunications Union Radio Regulations”, Edition 2004, Volume 1 – Articles,ITU, December 2004.[24] “Adjacent Band Compatibility between UMTS and Other Services in the 2 GHz Band”, ERCReport 65, Menton, May 1999, revised in Helsinki, November 1999.[25] “Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)”, Federal Communications Commission.[26] R4-070337, "Impact of second adjacent channel ACLR/ACS on ACIR" (Nokia SiemensNetworks).[27] R4-070430, "UE ACS and BS ACLRs" (Fujitsu ).[28] R4-070264, "Proposal on LTE ACLR requirements for Node B" (NTT DoCoMo).[29] Recommendation ITU-R M.1580-1, “Generic unwanted emission characteristics of base stationsusing the terrestrial radio interfaces of IMT-2000”.[30] Report ITU-R M.2039, “Characteristics of terrestrial IMT-2000 systems for frequencysharing/interference analyses”.[31] E TSI EN 301 908-3 V2.2.1 (2003-10), “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrumMatters (ERM); Base Stations (BS), Repeaters and User Equipment (UE) for IMT-2000 Third-Generation cellular networks; Part 3: Harmonized EN for IMT-2000, CDMA Direct Spread(UTRA FDD) (BS) covering essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive”.3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations3.1 Definitions3.2 Symbols3.3 AbbreviationsFor the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:ACIR Adjacent Channel Interference RatioACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage power RatioACS Adjacent Channel SelectivityAMC Adaptive Modulation and CodingAWGN Additive White Gaussian NoiseBS Base StationCDF Cumulative Distribution FunctionDL DownlinkFDD Frequency Division DuplexMC Monte-CarloMCL Minimum Coupling LossMCS Modulation and Coding SchemePC Power ControlPSD Power Spectral DensityRX ReceiverTDD Time Division DuplexTX TransmitterUE User EquipmentUL Uplink4 General assumptionsThe present document discusses system scenarios for E-UTRA operation primarily with respect to the radio transmission and reception including the RRM aspects. To develop the E-UTRA standard, all the relevant scenarios need to be considered for the various aspects of operation and the most critical cases identified. The process may then be iterated to arrive at final parameters that meet both service and implementation requirements.The E-UTRA system is intended to be operated in the same frequency bands specified for UTRA. In order to limit the number of frequency bands to be simulated in the various simulation scenarios a mapping of frequency bands to two simulation frequencies (900 MHz and 2000 MHz) is applied. When using the macro cell propagation model ofTR25.942 [3], the frequency contributes to the path loss by 21*log10(f). The maximum path loss difference between the lowest/highest frequencies per E-UTRA frequency band and corresponding simulation frequency is shown in tables 4.1 and 4.2.Table 4.1: Simulation frequencies for FDD mode E-UTRA frequency bandsTable 4.2: Simulation frequencies for TDD mode E-UTRA frequency bandsIt can be observed that the difference of path loss between simulation frequency and operating frequency (except bands 7, 11 and 38) is in the worst case less than 0.8 dB for the downlink and less the 1,5 dB for the uplink. Hence the mapping of operating frequency to simulation frequency will provide valid results.The validity of simulations performed at 2 GHz for the 2.6 GHz bands 7 and 38 was already analyzed in TR 25.810. Considering the expected higher antenna gain in the 2.6 GHz band the difference in path loss is in the order of 1 dB what is comparable to the other frequency bands.4.1 Interference scenariosThis chapter should cover how the interference scenarios could occur e.g. BS-BS, UE-BS etc.4.2 Antenna ModelsThis chapter contains the various antenna models for BS and UE4.2.1 BS antennas4.2.1.1 BS antenna radiation patternThe BS antenna radiation pattern to be used for each sector in 3-sector cell sites is plotted in Figure 4.1. The pattern is identical to those defined in [1], [2] and [4]:()23min 12, where 180180m dB A A θθθθ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎢⎥=--≤≤ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦,dB 3θ is the 3dB beam width which corresponds to 65 degrees, and dB A m 20= is the maximum attenuationFigure 4.1: Antenna Pattern for 3-Sector Cells4.2.1.2 BS antenna heights and antenna gains for macro cellsAntenna heights and gains for macro cells are given in table 4.3.Table 4.3: Antenna height and gain for Macro Cells4.2.2 UE antennasFor UE antennas, a omni-directional radiation pattern with antenna gain 0dBi is assumed [2], [3], [4].4.2.3 MIMO antenna Characteristicsxxxx4.3 Cell definitionsThis chapter contain the cell properties e.g. cell range, cell type (omni, sector), MIMO cell definitions etc.4.4 Cell layoutsThis chapter contains different cell layouts in form of e.g. single operator, multi-operator and multi layer cell layouts(e.g. macro-micro etc).4.4.1 Single operator cell layouts4.4.1.1 Macro cellular deploymentBase stations with 3 sectors per site are placed on a hexagonal grid with distance of 3*R, where R is the cell radius (see Figure 4.2), with wrap around. The number of sites shall be equal to or higher than 19. [2] [4].Figure 4.2: Single operator cell layout4.4.2 Multi operator / Multi layer cell layouts4.4.2.1 Uncoordinated macro cellular deploymentFor uncoordinated network simulations, identical cell layouts for each network shall be applied, with worst case shift between sites. Second network’s sites are located at the first network’s cell edge, as shown in Figure 4.3 [2].Figure 4.3: Multi operator cell layout - uncoordinated operation4.4.2.2 Coordinated macro cellular deploymentFor coordinated network simulations, co-location of sites is assumed; hence identical cell layouts for each network shall be applied [2].Figure 4.4: Multi operator cell layout - coordinated operation4.5 Propagation conditions and channel modelsThis chapter contains the definition of channel models, propagation conditions for various environments e.g. urban, suburban etc.For each environment a propagation model is used to evaluate the propagation pathloss due to the distance. Propagation models are adopted from [3] and [4] and presented in the following clauses.4.5.1 Received signalAn important parameter to be defined is the minimum coupling loss (MCL). MCL is the parameter describing the minimum loss in signal between BS and UE or UE and UE in the worst case and is defined as the minimum distance loss including antenna gains measured between antenna connectors. MCL values are adopted from [3] and [7] as follows:Table 4.4: Minimum Coupling LossesWith the above definition, the received power in downlink and uplink can be expressed as [3]: RX_PWR = TX_PWR – Max (pathloss – G_TX – G_RX, MCL) where:RX_PWR is the received signal power TX_PWR is the transmitted signal power G_TX is the transmitter antenna gain G_RX is the receiver antenna gain4.5.2 Macro cell propagation model – Urban AreaMacro cell propagation model for urban area is applicable for scenarios in urban and suburban areas outside the high rise core where the buildings are of nearly uniform height [3]:80dB (f)log 21(Dhb)log 18(R)log Dhb)104(140L 1010103+⋅+⋅-⋅⋅⋅-⋅=-where:R is the base station-UE separation in kilometres f is the carrier frequency in MHzDhb is the base station antenna height in metres, measured from the average rooftop levelConsidering a carrier frequency of 900MHz and a base station antenna height of 15 metres above average rooftop level, the propagation model is given by the following formula [4]:(R)37,6log 120,9L 10+=where:R is the base station-UE separation in kilometresConsidering a carrier frequency of 2000MHz and a base station antenna height of 15 metres above average rooftop level, the propagation model is given by the following formula:(R)37,6log 128,1L 10+=where:R is the base station-UE separation in kilometresAfter L is calculated, log-normally distributed shadowing (LogF) with standard deviation of 10dB should be added [2], [3]. A Shadowing correlation factor of 0.5 for the shadowing between sites (regardless aggressing or victim system) and of 1 between sectors of the same site shall be used The pathloss is given by the following formula:LogF L acro Pathloss_m +=NOTE 1: L shall in no circumstances be less than free space loss. This model is valid for NLOS case only anddescribes worse case propagation NOTE 2: The pathloss model is valid for a range of Dhb from 0 to 50 metres.NOTE 3: This model is designed mainly for distance from few hundred meters to kilometres. This model is notvery accurate for short distances. NOTE 4: The mean building height is equal to the sum of mobile antenna height (1,5m) and 10,5m Δh m = [5]. NOTE 5: Some downlink simulations in this TR were performed without shadowing correlation, however it wasreported this has a negligible impact on the simulation results.4.5.3 Macro cell propagation model – Rural AreaFor rural area, the Hata model was used in the work item UMTS900[2], this model can be reused:L (R)= 69.55 +26.16log 10(f)–13.82log 10(Hb)+[44.9-6.55log 10(Hb)]log(R) – 4.78(Log 10 (f))2+18.33 log 10 (f) -40.94 where:R is the base station-UE separation in kilometres f is the carrier frequency in MHzHb is the base station antenna height above ground in metresConsidering a carrier frequency of 900MHz and a base station antenna height of 45 meters above ground the propagation model is given by the following formula:(R)34,1log 5,95L 10+=where:R is the base station-UE separation in kilometresAfter L is calculated, log-normally distributed shadowing (LogF) with standard deviation of 10dB should be added [2], [3]. A Shadowing correlation factor of 0.5 for the shadowing between sites (regardless aggressing or victim system) and of 1 between sectors of the same site shall be used. The pathloss is given by the following formula:LogF L acro Pathloss_m +=NOTE 1: L shall in no circumstances be less than free space loss. This model is valid for NLOS case only anddescribes worse case propagation NOTE 2: This model is designed mainly for distance from few hundred meters to kilometres. This model is notvery accurate for short distances.4.6 Base-station modelThis chapter covers the fundamental BS properties e.g. output power, dynamic range, noise floor etc.Reference UTRA FDD base station parameters are given in Table 4.5.Table 4.5: UTRA FDD reference base station parameters（wcdma）Reference base station parameters for UTRA 1.28Mcps TDD are given in Table 4.5a.Table 4.5a: Reference base station for UTRA 1.28Mcps TDD（td-scdma）Reference UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD base station parameters are given in Table 4.5b.Table 4.5b: Reference base station for UTRA 3.84Mcps TDD（td-cdma）Reference E-UTRA FDD and E-UTRA TDD base station parameters are given in Table 4.6.Table 4.6: E-UTRA FDD and E-UTRA TDD reference base station parametersReference base station parameters for E-UTRA TDD (LCR TDD frame structure based) are given in Table 4.6a.Table 4.6a: Reference base station for E-UTRA TDD (LCR TDD frame structure based)（td-lte）4.7 UE modelThis chapter covers the fundamental UE properties e.g. output power, dynamic range, noise floor etc. Reference UTRA FDD parameters are given in Table 4.7.Table 4.7: UTRA FDD reference UE parametersfor simulation alignment purpose, a Noise Figure of 9 dB will be used.Reference UTRA 1.28 Mcps TDD parameters are given in Table 4.7aTable 4.7a: Reference UE for UTRA 1.28 Mcps TDDReference UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD UE parameters are given in Table 4.7b.Table 4.7b: UTRA 3.84 Mcps TDD reference UE parametersfor simulation alignment purpose, a Noise Figure of 9 dB will be used.Reference E-UTRA FDD and E-UTRA TDD UE parameters are given in Table 4.8.Table 4.8: E-UTRA FDD and E-UTRA TDD reference UE parametersHowever, for simulation alignment purpose, a Noise Figure of 9 dB will be used. Reference E-UTRA TDD UE (LCR TDD frame structure based) parameters are given in Table 4.8a.Table 4.8a: Reference UE for EUTRA TDD (LCR TDD frame structure based)4.8 RRM modelsThis chapter contains models that are necessary to study the RRM aspects e.g.4.8.1 Measurement modelsxxxx4.8.2 Modelling of the functionsxxxx4.9 Link level simulation assumptionsThis chapter covers Layer 1 aspects and assumptions (e.g. number of HARQ retransmissions) etc.4.10 System simulation assumptionsThis chapter contains system simulation assumptions e.g. Eb/No values for different services, activity factor for voice, power control steps, performance measures (system throughput, grade of service), confidence interval etc.4.10.1 System loadingxxxx5 Methodology descriptionThis chapter describes the methods used for various study items e.g. deterministic analysis for BS-BS interference, Monte-Carlo simulations and dynamic type of simulations for RRM.5.1 Methodology for co-existence simulationsSimulations to investigate the mutual interference impact of E-UTRA, UTRA and GERAN are based on snapshots were users are randomly placed in a predefined deployment scenario (Monte-Carlo approach). Assumptions or E-UTRA in this chapter are based on the physical layer (OFDMA DL and SC-FDMA UL) as described in the E-UTRA study item report [4]. It must be noted that actual E-UTRA physical layer specification of frequency resource block is different regarding number ofsub-carriers per resource block (12 instead of 25 specified in [4]) and regarding the size of a resource block (180 kHz instead of 375 kHz in [4]). However, this has no impact on the results and conclusions of the present document.5.1.1 Simulation assumptions for co-existence simulations5.1.1.1 SchedulerFor initial E-UTRA coexistence simulations Round Robin scheduler shall be used.5.1.1.2 Simulated servicesWhen using Round Robin scheduler, full buffer traffic shall be simulated. For E-UTRA downlink, one frequency resource block for one user shall be used. The E-UTRA system shall be maximum loaded, i.e. 24 frequency resource blocks in 10 MHz bandwidth and 12 frequency resource blocks in 5 MHz bandwidth respectively. For E-UTRA uplink, the number of allocated frequency resource blocks for one user is 4 for 5 MHz bandwidth and 8 for 10 MHz bandwidth respectively.For the 5 MHz TDD UTRA victim using 3.84 Mcps TDD, Enhanced Uplink providing data service shall be used where 1 UE shall occupy 1 Resource Unit (code x timeslot). Here the number of UE per timeslot is set to 3 UEs/timeslot.Other services, e.g. constant bit rate services are FFS.5.1.1.3 ACIR value and granularityFor downlink a common ACIR for all frequency resource blocks to calculate inter-system shall be used. Frequency resource block specific ACIR is FFS.For uplink it is assumed that the ACIR is dominated by the UE ACLR. The ACLR model is described in table 5.1 and table 5.2Table 5.1: ACLR model for 5MHz E-UTRA interferer and UTRAvictim, 4 RBs per UETable 5.2: ACLR model for E-UTRA interferer and 10MHz E-UTRA victimNote: This ACLR models are agreed for the purpose of co-existence simulations. ACLR/ACS requirements need to be discussedseparately.5.1.1.4.1 Uplink Asymmetrical Bandwidths ACIR (Aggressor withlarger bandwidth)Since the uplink ACLR of the aggressor is measured in the aggressor’s bandwidth, for uplink asymmetrical bandwidth coexistence, a victim UE with a smaller bandwidth than that of the aggressor will receive a fraction of the interference power caused by the aggressor’s ACLR. For two victim UEs falling within the 1st ACLR of the aggressor, the victim UE closer in frequency to the aggressor will experience higher interference than one that is further away in frequency. The difference in interference depends on the power spectral density (PSD) within the aggressor’s 1st ACLR bandwidth. For simplicity, it is assumed that the PSD is flat across the aggressor’s ACLR bandwidth. Hence, the ACLR can be relaxed (or increased) by the factor, F ACLR:F ACLR = 10 × LOG10(B Aggressor/B Victim)Where, B Aggressor and B Victim are the E-UTRA aggressor and victim bandwidths respectively.20 MHz E-UTRA 5 MHz E-UTRAFigure 5.1: 20 MHz E-UTRA UE aggressor to 5 MHz E-UTRA UEvictims20 MHz E-UTRA 10 MHz E-UTRAFigure 5.2: 20 MHz E-UTRA UE aggressor to 10 MHz E-UTRAUE victimsIn Table 5.2, the aggressor UE that is non adjacent to the victim UE, the victim UE will experience an interference due to an ACLR of 43 + X –F ACLR. For the case where the aggressor UE is adjacent to the victim UEs, consider the scenarios in Figure 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3, where a 20 MHz E-UTRA aggressor is adjacent to 3 victim UEs of 5 MHz, 10 MHz and 15 MHz E-UTRA systems respectively.In Figure 5.1, all the UEs in the 5 MHz E-UTRA system will be affected by an ACLR of 30 + X - F ACLR. For the 10 MHz E-UTRA victims in Figure 5.2, two UEs will be affected by an ACLR of 30 + X - F ACLR whilst 1 UE will be affected by a less severe ACLR of 43 + X- F ACLR . In the 15 MHz E-UTRA victim as shown in Figure 5.3, the UE next to the band edge will be affected by an ACLR of 30 + X - F ACLR whilst the UE farthest from the band edge will be affected by an ACLR of 43 + X - F ACLR. The victim UE of the 15 MHz E-UTRA occupying the centre RB (2nd from band edge) is affected by 1/3 ACLR of 30 + X - F ACLR and 2/3 ACLR of 43 + X - F ACLR. This gives an ACLR of 34 + X - F ACLR.Using a similar approach for 15 MHz, 10 MHz and 5 MHz aggressor with a victim of smaller system bandwidth, the ACLR affecting each of the 3 victim UEs can be determined. This is summarised in Table 5.2A. Here the value Y is defined for victim UE, where ACLR = Y + X - F ACLR. UE1 is the UE adjacent to the aggressor, UE2 is located at the centre and UE3 is furthest away from the aggressor.。
3GPP中文协议(扩频和调制)
通信标准参考性技术文件TD-SCDMA系统无线接口物理层技术规范：物理层—扩频和调制TD-SCDMA System Radio Interface Physical Layer Technical Specification: Physical Layer—Spreading and Modulation20XX-XX-XX发布 20XX-XX-XX实施中华人民共和国信息产业部科学技术司印发目录................................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
1范围........................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
1.1参考文献 ......................................................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
1.2缩写 ................................................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
2概述. (1)3数据调制 (1)3.1符号速率和符号周期 (1)3.2比特到信号星座图的映射关系 (1)3.3脉冲成形滤波器 ............................................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。
3GPP 中文版协议
1. 简述该文档描述了第三代移动通信系统和数字小区通信系统内用在无线接口的核心网协议流程。
主要描述了无线接口上的流程(参考接口Um或Uu，参考跑3GPP 24.002或3GPP 23.002)比如呼叫控制CC, 移动性管理MM，和会话管理SM。
文中每当提及"further study"或"FS"或"FFS"的地方表示本文不会对相应的内容作标准阐述。
这些流程都是按照无线接口的控制信道上交换的信令定义的。
控制信道在3GPP 44.003和3GPP 25.301中描述。
该协议的功能性描述和流程，以及其他层和实体间的交互将在3GPP 24.007中描述。
1.3 层3流程的结构可以用“积木”法来描述层3的流程。
基础的积木是三个子层的协议控制实体提供的“基本流程”，这些子层是无线资源管理RRM，移动性管理MM和连接管理CM。
1.5 在A/Gb模式下逻辑信道的使用逻辑信道在3GPP 45.002中定义。
下述的这些控制信道都是承载信令信息或指定类型的用户分组数据：1) 广播控制信道BCCH：下行，用来广播小区独有信息2) 同步信道SCH：下行，用来广播同步信息和BSS标识信息3) 寻呼信道PCH：下行，用来发送寻呼给MS4) 随机接入信道RACH：上行，用来请求一条专用控制信道DCCH5) 接入允许信道AGCH：下行，用来分配一条专用控制信道DCCH6) 独立专用控制信道SDCCH：双向7) 快速辅助控制信道FACCH：双向，和一条业务信道TCH关联8) 慢速辅助控制信道SACCH：双向，和一条SDCCH或者TCH关联9) 小区广播信道CBCH：下行，用作非点对点短消息传输10) 指示信道NCH：下行，用来通知用户VBS呼叫或VGCS呼叫信令层2定义了两个服务接入点，以SAPI划分(详见3GPP 44.006)1) SAPI0：支持包括用户消息的信令信息的传输2) SAPI3：支持用户短消息的传输层3根据每条消息进行SAP的选择，以及逻辑控制信道的选择，L2操作模式(确认模式AM，非确认模式UM或随机接入)的选择。
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标准协议之3GPP标准协议
所有3G和GSM规范具有一个由4或5位数字组成的3GPP编号。
（例如：09.02或29.002）。
前两位数字对应下表所列的系列。
接着的两位数字对应01-13系列，或3位数字对应21-55系列。
词"3G"意味着采用UTRAN无线接入网
的3GPP系统，词"GSM" 意味着采用GERAN无线接入网
的3GPP系统（因而，"GSM"包括GPRS和EDGE性能）。
21-35系列规范只用于3G或既用于GSM也用
于3G。
第三位数字为"0"表示用于两个系统，例如29.002用于3G和GSM系统，而25.101和25.201仅用于3G。
其它系列的大多数规范仅用于GSM系统。
然而当规范编号用完后，须查看每个规范的信息页面（见下表）或查看01.01 / 41.101
(GSM) 和21.101 (3G) 中的目录。
The 3GPP Specifications are stored on the file server as zipped MS-Word files. The filenames have the following structure:
SM[-P[-Q]]-V.zip
where the character fields have the following significance ...
S = series number - 2 characters (see the table above)
M = mantissa (the part of the spec number after the series number) - 2 or 3 characters (see above)
P = optional part number - 1 or 2 digits if present
Q = optional sub-part number - 1 or 2 digits if present
V = version number, without separating dots - 3 digits
So for example:
21900-320.zip is 3GPP TR 21.900 version 3.2.0
0408-6g0.zip is 3GPP TS 04.08 version 6.16.0
32111-4-410 is 3GPP TS 32.111 part 4 version 4.1.0
29998-04-1-100 is 3GPP TS 29.998 part 4 sub-part 1 version 1.0.0
3GPP规范采用WORD文件的ZIP压缩格式保存，文件名结构如下：
SM[-P[-Q]]-V.zip
S=系列号-两位数字（见上表）
M=尾数（规范编号中系列号后面的部分）-2或3位数字
P=可选的部分编号-1或2位数字，如果有
Q=可选的子部分编号-1或2位数字，如果有
V=版本号，无分隔点-3位数字
例如：
21900-320.zip 是3GPP TR 21.900 版本 3.2.0
0408-6g0.zip 是3GPP TS 04.08 版本 6.16.0
32111-4-410 是3GPP TS 32.111 部分 4 版本 4.1.0 29998-04-1-100 是3GPP TS 29.998 部分 4 子部
分 1 版本
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好好研究下这个网站
/specification-numbering
就明白了每一个小类后面都有说明的
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mark。
协议里给的是结果，最近看协议想了解其原理，可惜不知道如何查找提案。
比如不知道PUCCH设计的原理，想查一下相关的提案却不知道如何查，有明白的xd给指点一下。
另外，/ftp/tsg_ran/WG1_RL1/下面是不是放的就是提案？
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TS 21.101 Technical Specifications and Technical Reports for a UTRAN-based 3GPP system SP Yes
TS 21.111 USIM and IC card
requirements C6 Yes
TS 21.133 3G security; Security threats and
requirements S3 Yes
TR 21.801 Specification drafting
rules SP No
TR 21.900 Technical Specification Group working
methods SP Yes
TR 21.905 Vocabulary for 3GPP
Specifications S1 Yes
TS 22.001 Principles of circuit telecommunication services supported by a Public Land Mobile Network
(PLMN) S1 Yes
TS 22.002 Circuit Bearer Services (BS) supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) S1 Yes
TS 22.003 Circuit Teleservices supported by a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) S1 Yes
TS 22.004 General on supplementary
services S1 Yes
TS 22.011 Service
accessibility S1 Yes
TS 22.016 International Mobile Equipment Identities (IMEI) S1 Yes
TS 22.022 Personalisation of Mobile Equipment (ME); Mobile functionality specification S3 Yes
TS 22.024 Description of Charge Advice Information (CAI) S1 Yes。