中山小榄华侨中学期末模拟试题2
2025届广东省中山市华侨中学物理高二上期末学业质量监测模拟试题含解析
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
I.导线若干
以上器材中电流表选用_______（填序号），电压表选用______（填序号），滑动变阻器选用__________（填序号）
（3）在答题卡的方框中画出实验电路图_______
四、计算题：本题共3小题，共38分。把答案写在答题卡中指定的答题处，要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和演算步骤。
13．（10分）已知 原子核质量为209.98287u， 原子核的质量为205.9746u 原子核的质量为4.00260u，静止的 核在α衰变中放出α粒子后变成 ．（计算结果均保留三位有效数字）求：
A.滑块运动到B点后将保持静止
B.滑块运动到B点后将返回向A点运动，来回所用时间不相同
C.滑块运动到B点后将返回向A点运动，到A点时速度大小仍为v
D.滑块回到A点时速度大小为
9、霍尔传感器测量转速的原理图如图所示，传感器固定在圆盘附近，圆盘上固定4个小磁体．在a、b间输入方向由a到b的恒定电流，圆盘转动时，每当磁体经过霍尔元件，传感器c、d端输出一个脉冲电压，检测单位时间内的脉冲数可得到圆盘的转速．关于该测速传感器，下列说法中正确的有
【详解】A．磁感线是闭合曲线，磁体外部磁感线是从N极到S极，而内部是从S极到N极，故A错误；
B．磁感线是描述磁场分布而假想引入的，磁感线的疏密表示磁场强弱，故B正确；
C．匀强磁场的特点：磁感线间隔相等、互相平行，故C正确；
广东省中山市华侨中学高三物理第二次模拟考试卷 上学期
中山市华侨中学物理科第二次模拟考试试题命题人：王亮伟审题人：范艰奋本试卷分选择题和非选择题两局部,总分为150分．考试用时120分钟．考生须将所有答案做在答卷与答题卡上，不能答在试卷上.第1卷〔选择题共40分〕一、第1卷共10小题．每一小题4分，共40分，在每一小题给出的四个选项中，有的小题只有一个选项正确，有的小题有多个选项正确．全部选对的得4分，选不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分．1．当担心手中竖直拿着的瓶子掉下去时，总是努力把它握得更紧些，这样做的最终目的是：A．增大瓶子所受的合外力B．增大手对瓶子的压力〔〕C．增大手对瓶子的摩擦力D．增大手对瓶子的最大静摩擦力2．如下列图，物体A靠在竖直墙面上，在力F作用下，A、B保持静止。
物体B的受力个数为：〔〕A．2 B．3 C．4 D．53．如下列图，外表粗糙的固定斜面顶端安有滑轮，两物块A、B用轻绳连接并跨过定滑轮〔不计滑轮的质量和摩擦〕，B悬于空中，A放在斜面上，均处于静止状态，当用水平向右的恒力推A时，A、B仍静止不动，如此：〔〕A．A受到的摩擦力一定变小B．A受到的摩擦力一定变大C．轻绳上拉力一定变小D．轻绳上拉力一定不变4. 两辆游戏赛车a、b在两条平行的直车道上行驶。
t=0时两车都在同一计时线处，此时比赛开始。
它们在四次比赛中的tv 图如下列图。
哪些图对应的比赛中，有一辆赛车追上了另一辆：( )5．图中弹簧秤．绳和滑轮的重量均不计，绳与滑轮间的摩擦力不计，物体的重力都是G，在图甲．乙．丙三种情况下，弹簧秤的读数分别是F1、F2、F3，如此：〔〕A．F3>F1＝F2B．F3＝F1>F2C．F1＝F2＝F3D．F1>F2＝F33006001200OR6．如下列图，某人用一根轻绳通过定滑轮牵拉一个置于水平面上的物体，当人以速度v 匀速向 左运动时，如此：〔 〕 A ．物体作匀速运动 B ．物体作匀加速运动 C ．物体作匀减速运动D ．图示时刻，物体的速度为2v7．如下列图，从倾角为θ的斜面上的M 点水平抛出一个小球，小球的初速度为v 0，最后小球落 在斜面上的N 点，如此：〔 〕 A ．可求M 、N 之间的距离B ．可求小球落到N 点时速度的大小和方向C ．可求小球到达N 点时的动能D ．可以断定，当小球速度方向与斜面平行时，小球与斜面间的距离最大8．圆形光滑轨道位于竖直平面内，其半径为R ，质量为m 的金属小球环套在轨道上，并能自 由滑动，如下列图，以下说法正确的答案是:〔 〕 A ．要使小圆环能通过轨道的最高点，小环通过最低点时的速度必须大于gR 5 B ．要使小圆环通过轨道的最高点，小环通过最低时的速度必须大于gR 2C ．如果小圆环通过轨道最高点时的速度大于gR ，如此小环挤压轨道外侧D ．如果小圆环通过轨道最高点时的速度大于gR ，如此小环挤压轨道内侧 9．2006年5月的天空是相当精彩的，行星们非常活跃，木星冲日、火星合月、 木星合月等景观美不胜收，而流星雨更是热闹非凡，宝瓶座流星雨非常壮丽，值得一观. 在太阳系中，木星是九兄弟中“最魁梧的巨人〞，5月4日23时，发生木星冲日现象.所谓的木星冲日是指地球、木星在各自轨道上运行时与太阳重逢在一条直线上，也就是木星与太阳黄经相差180度的现象，天文学上称为“冲日〞.冲日前后木星距离地球最近，也最明亮. 如下说法正确的答案是:〔 〕A ．2006年5月4日23时，木星的线速度大于地球的线速度B ．2006年5月4日23时，木星的加速度小于地球的加速度C ．2007年5月4日23时，必将产生下一个“木星冲日〞D ．下一个“木星冲日〞必将在2007年5月4日之后的某天发生10. 如下列图，小车的质量为M ，人的质量为m ，人用恒力F 拉绳，假设人和车保持相对静止， 不计绳和滑轮质量与车与地面的摩擦，如此车对人的摩擦力可能是：〔〕A ．0B ．F M m Mm +-，方向向右C ．F M m M m +-，方向向左D ．F Mm mM +-，方向向右m 左右 M第2卷〔非选择题，共110分〕二、此题有2小题，共20分。
广东省中山市华侨中学2023年物理高三第一学期期末学业水平测试模拟试题含解析
广东省中山市华侨中学2023年物理高三第一学期期末学业水平测试模拟试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、关于近代物理学，下列说法正确的是（）A．α射线、β射线和γ射线中，γ射线的电离能力最强B．根据玻尔理论，氢原子在辐射光子的同时，轨道也在连续地减小C．卢瑟福通过对α粒子散射实验的研究，揭示了原子核的组成D．对于某种金属，超过极限频率的入射光频率越高，所产生的光电子的最大初动能就越大2、如图所示，在水平匀强电场中，有一带电粒子（不计重力）以一定的初速度从M点运动到N点，则在此过程中，以下说法中正确的是（）A．电场力对该带电粒子一定做正功B．该带电粒子的运动速度一定减小C．M、N点的电势一定有φM＞φND．该带电粒子运动的轨迹一定是直线3、如图所示，真空中位于x轴上的两个等量正点电荷的位置关于坐标原点O对称，规定电场强度沿x轴正方向为正，无穷远处电势为0。
下列描述x轴上的电场强度E或电势 随位置x的变化规律正确的是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．4、如图所示，四根相互平行的固定长直导线L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4，其横截面构成一角度为60︒的菱形，均通有相等的电流I ，菱形中心为O 。
L 1中电流方向与L 2中的相同，与L 3、L 4，中的相反，下列说法中正确的是（ ）A ．菱形中心O 处的磁感应强度不为零B ．菱形中心O 处的磁感应强度方向沿O L 1C ．L 1所受安培力与L 3所受安培力大小不相等D ．L 1所受安培力的方向与L 3所受安培力的方向相同5、如图所示，a 、b 、c 为三根与纸面垂直的固定长直导线，其截面位于等边三角形的三个顶点上，bc 连线沿水平方向，导线中通有恒定电流，且2a b c I I I ==，电流方向如图中所示。
广东省中山市华侨中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次段考数学试题(含答案)
中山市华侨中学2026届高二年级上学期第二次段考数学科试题一、单选题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分）1. 圆和圆的位置关系是（ ）A 外离 B. 相交C. 外切D. 内含2. 平面内，动点的坐标，则动点的轨迹方程为（ ）A. B. C. D. 3.设，向量，，，且，，则等于（ ）A. B. 3 C. D. 44.如图，在四面体中，，，，为的重心，为的中点，则（ ）A. B. C. D. 5. 光线通过点，在直线上反射，反射光线经过点，则反射光线所在直线方程为（ ）A. B. C. D. .()2249x y -+=()2234x y +-=P (),x y =P 2212421x y +=22163x y +=22169x y +=22196x y +=,x y ∈R (),1,1a x = ()1,,1b y = ()2,4,2c =- a b ⊥ b c ∥a b + OABC OA a = OB b = OC c = G ABC V P OG AP = 211333a b c -++ 111633a b c -- 511666a b c -++ 511633a b c -- ()2,3A :10l x y ++=()2,2B 6520x y --=65220x y +-=5620x y -+=56220x y +-=6. 已知三棱锥，，且，则点到直线的距离为（ ）A.B. C. D. 37. 已知双曲线，两焦点分别为，，过右焦点作直线交右支于，点，且，若，则双曲线的离心率为（ ）A. B. C. D. 28. 已知，直线，直线，若为的交点，则的最小值为（ ）A B. C. D. 二、多选题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分）9. 已知直线，直线，则（ ）A. 当时，与的交点为B. 直线恒过点C 若，则D. 存在，使10. 已知正方体的棱长为2，点分别是棱的中点，则（ ）A. 直线与直线的夹角为B.直线与平面所成角C. 点到平面D. 三棱锥11. 已知曲线：（不同时为零），则（ ）..的O ABC -,,OA OB OB OC OC OA ⊥⊥⊥1,2,2OA OB OC ===A BC 2222:1x y C a b-=1F 2F 2F l A B 253AB AF = 1π3F AB ∠=C 325375(0,0),(0,1)O Q 1:240l kx y k -++=2:420l x ky k +++=P 12,l l 2||||PO PQ +6-9-3+1:30l ax y a +-=()2:2160l x a y +--=3a =1l 2l ()3,01l ()3,012l l ⊥13a =a ∈R 12l l //1111ABCD A B C D -,M N 111,CC C D MN 1AD 60oMN 11AB D A 1B MN 11C B MN -C 2222x y x y +=+x y ，A. 上的点的到点的距离的最大值为B. 上的点的横坐标的取值范围是C. 围成的图形的面积为D. 若上有四个点到直线，则三、填空题（本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）12. 已知数列满足，，则________．13. 抛物线：的焦点为，为上一点且，为坐标原点，则______.14. 已知圆，点是直线上一点，过点作圆的两条切线PA ，PB ，切点分别为A ，B ，若直线上仅有一点，使得，则的值为______.四、解答题（共77分）15. 已知等差数列满足，.（1）求的通项公式；（2）若对一切，恒成立，求的取值范围.16. 已知直线及圆.（1）求证：直线过定点，并求出圆心到直线距离最大时的值；（2）若直线与圆相交于、两点，且弦的长为，求的值.17. 如图，四棱锥的底面是正方形，且，.四棱锥的体积为.（1）证明：平面平面；（2）求平面与平面夹角的余弦值.18. 已知椭圆右焦点与抛物线，过的C (33)，C [1+C 4π8+C y x m =+33m -<<{}n a 114a =-()111N,1n n a n n a -=-∈>2026a =C 24y x =F P C 3PF =O OPF S = 22:()(1)1C x a y -++=P :341=0l x y ++P C l P π3APB ∠=a {}n a 35a =4618a a +={}n a *n ∈N n a n λ≥λ():40l ax y a a -+-=∈R ()()22:124C x y -+-=l C l a l C A B AB a P ABCD -2AB =PA PB ⊥P ABCD -43PAB ⊥ABCD PAB PCD 2222x y 1(a b 0)a b +=>>F 28y x =轴正半轴一点且斜率为交椭圆于两点．(1)求椭圆的标准方程；(2)是否存在实数使以线段为直径的圆经过点，若存在，求出实数的值；若不存在说明理由．19.对于曲线，若存在最小的非负实数和，使得曲线上任意一点，恒成立，则称曲线为有界曲线，且称点集为曲线的界域．（1）写出曲线的界域；（2）已知曲线上任意一点到坐标原点与直线的距离之和等于3，曲线是否为有界曲线，若是，求出其界域，若不是，请说明理由；（3）已知曲线上任意一点到定点的距离之积为常数，求曲线的界域．x (,0)m l ,A B m AB F m :(,)0C f x y =m n C (,)P x y ,x m y n ≤≤C {}(,)|,x y x m y n ≤≤C 22(1)4x y -+=M P O 1x =M C (,)P x y 12(1,0),(1,0)F F -(0)a a >中山市华侨中学2026届高二年级上学期第二次段考数学科试题简要答案一、单选题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分）【1题答案】【答案】C【2题答案】【答案】B【3题答案】【答案】B【4题答案】【答案】C【5题答案】【答案】C【6题答案】【答案】B【7题答案】【答案】C【8题答案】【答案】B二、多选题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分）【9题答案】【答案】ABC【10题答案】【答案】ABD【11题答案】【答案】ACD三、填空题（本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分）【12题答案】【答案】##【13题答案】14-0.25-【14题答案】【答案】或四、解答题（共77分）【15题答案】【答案】（1）（2）【16题答案】【答案】（1）证明略，（2）【17题答案】【答案】（1）证明略（2【18题答案】【答案】（1）；（2）存在，.【19题答案】【答案】（1）（2）（3）①时，②时，73-13321n a n =-(],1-∞0a=1a =±22162x y +=3m={(,)|3,2}x y x y ≤≤{(,)|2,x y x y ≤≤02a <≤{(,)|}2ax y x ≤2a >{(,)|x y x ≤。
2021届中山市华侨中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2021届中山市华侨中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALook at Some Greatest BookstoresAnother CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.Atlantis BooksOia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece. It was founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.Bart’s BooksOjai, California. U. S. A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.Adrian Harringtonsince 1971. Rare books: rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩).Address: 64a Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK.Corso Como BookshopMilan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art architecture, design graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzamil.The BookwormChina. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities — Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.1.What can you do in Atlantis Books?A.Enjoy rare books.B.Attend a festival.C.Learn photography.D.Buy books anytime.2.Which bookstore has the longest history?A.Adrian Harrington.B.Atlantis Books.C.Bart’s Books.D.Corso Como Bookshop.3.How is The Bookworm different from the others?A.It is used as a library.B.It focuses on photography.C.It hosts all sorts of activities.D.It has branches in different cities.BGerardo Ixcoy is a 27-year-old teacher in Guatemala. He teaches in the area where having electricity is something of a luxury and students have no access to mobile apps or computers, which became a problem when Guatemalan government had to choosedistance education for students at home because of COVID-19 inmid-March.Gerardo Ixcoy felt that he had to teach those children living far from the digital world. After all, education is a universal right. But what was the solution?Gerardo bought himself a secondhand tricycle with his savings. Once he had the tricycle, the next step was to change it into a classroom on wheels. He put a roof with a solar panel（太阳能电池板）on it, along with a screen to avoid the spread of COVID-19. He fixed a whiteboard on it so he could explain to the students the basics of primary education：math, the local language and the national language Spanish.The purpose of the solar panelis to provide constant power for a small loudspeaker so he can teach from a distance. It's a matter of respecting the healthy distance required to be safe from the virus. He, the teacher, stays outside, and the student participates from his or her house.He tries to visit his students at least twice a week, riding his classroom — cycle. The children he serves say that, although he visits them for only a few hours a week, they look forward to it. They appreciate his visit because they know he has limited time he can devote to them. They must take advantage of it to learn.4. What happened to Gerardo Ixcoy's students because of COVID-19?A. They chose to have classes in groups.B. They had to stop all the classes.C. They continued to have classes online.D. They started to learn about computers.5. Why does the teacher stay from a distance while teaching?A. Because healthy distance is reqired.B. Because he doesn't want to see his students.C. Because he wants to show his authority.D. Because the local custom reqiries him to.6. Where did Gerardo Ixcoy teach his students?A. In his own house.B. In his student's house.C. On the school playground.D. Outside his student's house.7. What can be the best title of the story?A. Love breaks down barriers.B. Hard work pays off.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.CIn 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entireFrench Scrabble Dictionaryin just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards’ impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works — real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI canoutperformhumans at routine tasks — provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs — executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy — which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.8. What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To mention Nigel’s feat.C. To stress the importance of good memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.9. Which of the following best explains “outperform” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Be superior toB. Be equal toC. Be similar toD. Be related to10. Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A. The writer.B. The shop assistant.C. The babysitter.D. The psychologist.11. What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B. Get more support from the government.C. Apply for the donation from companies.D. Upgrade themselves all the time.DI was so worried about handing my little boy over during his first week of school, but you made it easier. You smiled at him like a mother would at her own child.You showed warmth and your hugs were always on offer.After a day in class with you, Charlie would come home singing. Whenever I hear Do Your Ears Hang Low or see him stretching to the sky when singing about the days of the week, I will think of you.I didn't tell you at the time, but I loved your morning song so much that Iimplementedit in my own class (I'm a teacher, too).When you saw I was troubled, you hugged me with your smile and I knew everything would be OK. You made parents feel as cared for as our children.In the short time I knew you; you taught me about the type of teacher I desire to be. You never seemed disturbed by the mountain of paperwork or impossible work-life balance that comes with the role. Instead, you appeared to embrace every minute.I can't understand why you've been taken from us. Telling Charlie was one of the hardest things I've had to do.I'm not sure he fully understands, but he told me he loved you and has been asking whether your"robot powers"will work in heaven.A friend once told me white feathers are angels telling us that loved ones in heaven are well. On the first day collecting the children without you，a white feather floated through the sleet (雨夹雪). Watching the youngerones bounce and gigle as they tried to catch it was beautiful.I wish I had told you all of this when you were with us.I hope that you knew how you brought happiness to everyone you met and how loved you were. Goodbye, Dear Friend.12. What does the underlined word "implemented" in Paragraph l probably mean?A. Looked back on.B. Looked forward to.C. Thought highly of.D. Made use of.13. What can we learn from the passage about parents?A. They need to sing songs before children.B. They need to feel the affection as well.C. They find it hard to handle their kids.D. They find it necessary to hug the teachers.14. The writer mentioned "white feather" in Paragraph 4 mainly to ______.rm us of the loved one's deathB. remind us it's time for a snowball fightC. tell us the teacher stays in our mind after deathD. warn us of the falling snow when collecting children15. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this article?A. To make a remark on Charlie's teacher.B.To say goodbye to her fellow teacher.C. To take pity on her fellow teacher.D. To recall and show respect for Charlie's teacher.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省中山市小榄侨中九年级(上)期末化学试卷
广东省中山市小榄侨中九年级（上）期末化学试卷一、选择题（每小题2分，共28分）1．（2分）生活中我们经常看到下列现象，其中发生了化学变化的是（）A．潮湿的衣服经日晒变干B．瓷碗破碎C．食物变馊D．石蜡熔化2．（2分）鉴别空气．氧气．二氧化碳三种气体，最好选用下列方法中的（）A．闻气味B．燃着的木条伸入气体中C．澄清的石灰水倒入气体D．观察颜色3．（2分）儿童缺“锌”会使发育停滞，智力低下．这里的“锌”指的是（）A．元素B．分子C．原子D．离子4．（2分）下列试剂瓶的标签上，化学式书写错误的是（）A．B．C．D．5．（2分）下图所表示的实验方法或操作正确的是（）A．检查装置气密性B．往试管中加入锌粒C．加热液体D．固体药品的取用6．（2分）下面四位同学描述的是同一化学符号，此化学符号是（）小红：表示一种物质小丽：表示一个分子小军：表示由两种元素组成小雨：表示一个分子中有三个原子．A．HCN B．O3C．SiO2D．NH37．（2分）“低碳经济”已成为经济发展的重要模式，实现“低碳经济”的一种策略是节能．下列制备氧气的方法最节能的是（）A．通电电解水生成氢气和氧气B．加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰制取氧气C．双氧水和二氧化锰制取氧气D．加热高锰酸钾制取氧气8．（2分）水是人类生活不可缺少的物质．下列有关水的叙述不正确的是（）A．水资源是宝贵的，一定要节约用水B．用肥皂水可以区分硬水和软水C．氢气燃烧生成水和电解水的基本反应类型相同D．净化水的常用方法有吸附、沉淀、过滤和蒸馏9．（2分）不法商家为了让海带碧绿，用化工色素﹣﹣“碱性品绿”进行泡制，还加入了“连二亚硫酸钠（Na2S2O4）”起固色作用，若长期食用会对肝脏造成损害．Na2S2O4中硫元素的化合价为（）A．﹣2B．+3C．+4D．+610．（2分）下列事故处理的方法，正确的是（）A．家用电器着火时，立即用水扑灭B．炒菜时油锅着火，立即盖上锅盖C．高层住房着火时，立即打开所有门窗D．发现煤气泄漏时，立即打开排气扇电源开关11．（2分）元素周期表是学习化学的重要工具，如图是元素周期表中的一格，下面从该图获取的信息中，正确的是（）A．该元素在地壳中的含量为52.00%B．该元素属于非金属元素C．该元素的原子核外有24个电子D．该元素的原子序数为5212．（2分）工业上常用乙炔燃烧产生的高温火焰来切割金属．若用R表示乙炔，其燃烧的化学方程式2R+5O24CO2+2H2O，则乙炔的化学式是（）A．C2H4B．C2H2C．CH3COOH D．C2H613．（2分）第16届亚洲运动会火炬点燃暨火炬传递活动于10月12日从北京出发，在广东省内21个地级以上城市进行为期30天的传递．火炬的可燃物是丁烷（化学式为C4H10），它燃烧时，火苗高且亮，在白天，二百米以外也能清晰可见，关于丁烷的叙述正确的是（）①丁烷是由碳、氢两种元素组成的；②丁烷是由丁烷分子构成的；③丁烷分子是由碳、氢两种元素组成的；④丁烷由4个碳原子和10个氢原子构成的；⑤丁烷分子是由碳原子和氢原子构成的．A．①②③B．①②⑤C．③④D．②④⑤14．（2分）通过下列实验可以得出的结论，其中不合理的是（）A．实验中黄铜片能在铜片上刻画出痕迹可以说明黄铜的硬度比铜片大B．实验既可以说明分子在不停的运动着，又可以说明氨水显碱性C．实验既可以说明二氧化碳易溶于水，又可以说明二氧化碳具有酸性D．实验既可以说明一氧化碳具有还原性，又可以说明一氧化碳具有可燃性二、填空题：（共28分）15．（6分）用数字和化学符号填空：（1）2个氢气分子；（2）2个氢原子；（3）3个氢离子；（4）地壳中含量最高的金属元素对应的氧化物；（5）空气中体积含量最多的气体；（6）五氧化二磷中磷元素为+5价．16．（5分）请在“A．石墨、B．氮气、C．二氧化硫、D．酒精、E、氩气”中选择合适的物质填空：（填字母）（1）能形成酸雨的空气污染物是；（2）有绿色能源之称的可再生能源是；（3）具有优良导电性的非金属单质是；（4）可作气焊保护气以及制作霓虹灯的气体；（5）充入食品包装袋中可以防腐的气体单质是．17．（6分）2010年上海世博会的主题是“城市，让生活更美好”．（1）由上汽集团自主研发的“叶子”概念车（如右图所示）在中国馆低碳区展出，该车顶部的“大叶子”是一部光电转化器，把能转化为电能．（2）世博园区内有许多饮水台，可取水直接饮用．其中的饮用水处理步骤如下图所示；步骤①对应的作用是（填字母，下同），步骤③对应的作用是．A．杀菌消毒B．吸附杂质（3）实验室中进行电解水的实验时：①接通直流电源后，两电极上都有气泡产生，与电源负极相连的电极上产生的气体同电源正极相连的电极上产生的气体的体积比为；②该化学反应的化学方程式为：．18．（8分）元素周期律是学习和研究化学的重要工具．下表是元素周期表的部分信息：认真分析信息，回答：（1）地壳中含量最多的元素的原子序数是；（2）镁元素与硫元素的最本质区别是不同；（3）图表示的是（写粒子符号）；（4）从表中我发现如下规律：①原子序数与元素原子核电荷数在数值上相等；②．19．（3分）硝铵是一种常用的化肥，受热易分解．在一定条件下发生如下反应：NH4NO3N2O↑+2X．（1）上述化学方程式中X的化学式为．（2）N2O中氮元素的化合价为．（3）硝铵应保存．三、简答题（共12分）20．（6分）阅读材料，回答问题：早上醒来，用二甘醇超标的田七牙膏刷刷牙，再用发臭的蓝藻水洗脸，给孩子冲一杯添加了三聚氰胺和激素的牛奶，自己喝黑作坊的豆浆，吃根地沟油炸的油条外加一个苏丹红咸蛋…危害我们生命健康的有害物质无处不在．如二甘醇是无色透明具有吸湿性的粘稠液体，有辛辣气味，能与水、乙醇、丙酮、乙醚、乙二醇互溶．无腐蚀性，易燃，熔点﹣10.45℃，低毒．（1）请总结二甘醇的物理性质（写两点）：，；化学性质（写两点）：，；（2）地沟油属于（填“混合物”或“纯净物”）；（3）为安全起见，一般采用三聚氰胺制造的食品都会标明“不可放进微波炉使用”．试解释相关原因：．21．（6分）将紫黑色固体A加热，产生一种无色气体B，该气体能使带火星的木条复燃，取淡黄色的粉末C点燃后放入B中，产生蓝紫色火焰，生成一种有刺激性气味的气体D，试回答：（1）写出物质的化学式：A，B，C，D．（2）写出由C粉末与B气体反应生成刺激性气味的气体的化学方程式．四、实验探究：（共18分）22．（18分）2010年中山市化学实验操作考察的实验之一是“高锰酸钾制取氧气”．现摘录某同学的实验过程如下：①选择适当仪器，组装成如图1所示的实验装置；②检查装置气密性，装置气密性良好；③向集气瓶中加水，并倒置于盛有水的水槽中，集气瓶底部出现气泡；④将药品平铺于干燥试管底部，在导管口放置蓬松的棉花团，塞上橡皮塞，固定于铁架台上；⑤点燃酒精灯加热，待导管口有气泡产生，立即用集气瓶进行收集；⑥气体收集完毕，用毛玻璃片将集气瓶口盖好，从水中取出并正放在桌面上；⑦先熄灭酒精灯，后将导管从水槽中取出；请回答下列问题：（1）写出标有序号的仪器的名称：①，②，③；写出用高锰酸钾制取氧气的化学方程式，属于反应类型．（2）欲调整试管高度，应调节图中A、B、C哪个旋钮？．（3）步骤②的操作与观察到的现象是：；若装置无破损，加热一段时间后，观察到高锰酸钾已大量分解，但导管口仍未产生明显气泡，可能的原因是．（4）上述实验步骤中，可能导致集气瓶中收集的氧气不纯净（水蒸气不计）的是（填序号）．（5）步骤⑦中的操作，可能引起．（6）有一名同学欲用图2装置排空气法收集氧气，则氧气应从导管口通入，验证此装置是否收集满氧气的方法为．五、计算题（共14分）23．（8分）前一阶段我国有些地方出现的“结石娃娃”，是因为不法商人在原奶及其生产过程中非法地加入了一种假蛋白三聚氰胺的原因，婴幼儿长期食用了这种奶粉后，易导致泌尿系统结石，严重的会引起肾功能衰竭．查阅资料知三聚氰胺是一种含氮杂环有机化合物，是重要的有机化工原料，化学式为C3N6H6．请计算（1）三聚氰胺由种元素组成，一个三聚氰胺分子中含有个原子．（2）计算组成三聚氰胺各元素的质量比m （C）：m （N）：m （H）＝．（3）计算三聚氰胺的相对分子质量．（4）计算三聚氰胺中氮元素的质量分数为．（5）多少毫克三聚氰胺中含氮元素1.4毫克？24．（6分）某课外小组，用大理石与盐酸反应制取二氧化碳（大理石中杂质不与盐酸反应）．甲、乙、丙三同学分别进行实验，实验数据如下（烧杯的质量为25.0g）．若甲、乙、丙三同学中有一名同学所取的大理石和盐酸恰好完全反应，请回答下列问题．（1）同学所取的盐酸与大理石恰好完全反应．（2）计算大理石中碳酸钙的质量分数（计算结果精确到0.1%）．广东省中山市小榄侨中九年级（上）期末化学试卷参考答案一、选择题（每小题2分，共28分）1．C；2．B；3．A；4．D；5．A；6．C；7．C；8．C；9．B；10．B；11．C；12．B；13．B；14．C；二、填空题：（共28分）15．2H2；2H；3H+；Al2O3；N2；2O5；16．C；D；A；E；B；17．太阳能；B；A；2：1；2H2O2H2↑+O2↑；18．8；质子数（即核电荷数）；Ca2+；每一周期从左到右，原子序数依次增加（合理即可）；19．H2O；+1；低温（合理答案均给分）；三、简答题（共12分）20．无色透明具有吸湿性的粘稠液体，有辛辣气味；能与水、乙醇、丙酮、乙醚、乙二醇互溶，熔点﹣10.45℃；无腐蚀性；易燃，低毒；混合物；三聚氰胺在高温条件下可能会分解产生有毒的物质；21．KMnO4；O2；S；SO2；S+O2SO2；四、实验探究：（共18分）22．酒精灯；铁架台；集气瓶；2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑；分解；A；连接好装置，将导管放入水中，用手握着试管外壁，导管口出现气泡；装置漏气；③⑤；试管破裂；a；把带火星的木条放在导管口b处；五、计算题（共14分）23．三；15；6：14：1；126；66.7%；24．甲；。
2021年中山市华侨中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2021年中山市华侨中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Online EventsThe handshake：an anthropologist’s guideWhat is its biological purpose？What are the best and worst handshakes？In this talk，scientist Ella Al-Shamahi examines the power of touch and argues the handshake is at least 7 million years old．This event will start at 18:00 pm on 25 March and will last one hour．Standard ticket price：£15(A 20％discount for those who buy the ticket before March 20.)A rescue plan for natureWhat do we need to do to restore the planet 's biodiversity and preventthe next pandemic (疫情)？Join scientist Cristian Samper as he talks about how our ignoring nature caused the pandemic-and how we can seize a unique opportunity to build back better．This free event will start at 18:00 pm on 15 April．Origins of lifeWhy is the planet the way it is？How did we get here？Does everything happen for a reason or are some things left to chance？Research shows we live in a world driven by chance．In this talk，biologist Sean B Carroll will tell the stories of the mother of all accidents，and the surprising power of chance in our lives and the world．This event will start at 19:30 pm on 22 April and will last two hours．Standard ticket price：£18(A 10％discount for those who buy the ticket before April 17.)The truth about exerciseShould we all be hitting the gym three times a week？Should we worry about sitting to omuch？If you are strong and fit，can you get away with being inactive？In this talk，specialist Jason Gill introduces what science can really tell us about how much we need to move to live a healthy life．This event will start at 19:00 pm on May 13 and will last one hour，Standard ticket price：£12(A 15％discount for those who buy the ticket before May 8.)1.How much should you at least spend on the event about the handshake？A.£10.2．B.£12．C.£13．D.£16.2．2.From whom can you learn about the origins of life？A.Ella Al-Shamahi．B.Cristian Samper．C.Sean B Carroll．D.Jason Gill．3.What does the four online talks have in common？A.They are science-based．B.They are about cultures．C.They are related to nature．D.They are intended for the young．BHundreds of millions of people watched on television on July 20, 1969, when American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to land on the moon. Back then, businesses sold many products connected to the event and many such products are now on sales again — in celebration of the moon landing’s 50th anniversary.A limited number of Omega’s gold Speedmaster watches — the same kind that Buzz Aldrin wore on the moon — will be sold at $34,600. Omega Speedmaster watches have been an important part of space travel since NASA chose them for its moon landing in 1965. Other watches had failed required tests. Omega gave its gold Speedmasters to the astronauts at a dinner in 1969 before the landing. Another less costly type of silver Speedmasters will be sold at $ 9,650. It carries a picture of Aldrin stepping down from the moon lander.Something for children-as well as adults — is the NASA Apollo 11 moon lander set. Made by Lego, it is a group of small pieces to put together to make a model of the moon lander.Other things for sale include the anti-gravity Fisher Space Pens,developed just for the Apollo 11 mission. They work even when writing upside down. Now Fisher Space Pen Company has a limited-edition pen for sale at anout-of this-worldprice: $700, with real material from the Apollo 11 spacecraft.Back in 1969, companies were quick to show their Apollo 11 connections with media and advertisements. The food company Stouffer’s made sure consumers knew it provided food for Apollo 11 astronauts once they returned to Earth. It started the ad campaign “Everybody who’s been to the moon is eating Stouffer’s”. Fifty years later, the company is celebrating with a media campaign to share some recipes from 1969.Marketing experts David Meerman Scott says, “Since 1972,we’ve gone around and around the earth many times, and it is not interesting to people any more. I’m not sure whether they can accept such crazy prices. Now NASA has had plans to go to Mars in the 2030s and marketing efforts for a NASA Mars mission should be in development.”4. What can we learn about the gold Speedmaster watch?A. It will be sold at $34,600.B. NASA bought itats9,650.C. It has Aldrin’s picture inside.D. It was chosen by NASA in 1969.5. What does the underlined word “out-of-this-world” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Extremely fair.B. Surprisingly high.C. Really low.D. Truly worthwhile.6. What does David Meerman Scott mean?A. It is a waste of money to go around and around the moon.B. People will be interested in the products connected to Apollo.C. Since 1972,governments have lost interest in moon explorations.D. The event of going to Mars will be another good chance to advertise.7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to design the best advertisement.B. To forecast the sales of the products in the text.C. To introduce some of the products connected to Apollo 11.D. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first moon landing.CConcerns about health, animals and the environment are leading more people to remove meat from their diet. Plant-based meat alternatives (替代品) increasingly appear in supermarkets and restaurants. But what some people call clean meat-meat grown from cells in a laboratory—is still an idea that is just beginning.More than 24 companies are testing lab-grown fish, beef and chicken. These businesses hope to enter the alternative meat market, which could be worth $140 billion by 2029. One of the companies, Shiok Meats, grows its product by taking shrimp cells and keeping them at a fixed temperature. They are then given nutrients in a solution (溶液). The cells become meat in four to six weeks.This lab-grown meat’s price is high. One kilogram of it now costs $5,000, said Shiok Meats’ chief executive Sandhya Sriram. At that cost, a single pork and shrimp dumpling could be as much as $300. Sriram, avegetarian, hopes to cut the cost to $50 for one kilogram by the end of this year. “We are looking at next year, so we might be the first ever company to launch a cell-based meat product in the world,” Sriram said. “Shiok Meats still needs approval from the city’s food regulator, and that matters the most at present.”Although people increasingly demand meat alternatives, cell-based meat companies still faceresistance(抵制) to their products. In Singapore, some people said they would give lab grown meat a second thought. “I may not exactly dare to eat it, but I do find the idea appealing because the animals in the oceans are declining,” said 60-year-old Pet Loh, while sheshopped for shrimps in a Singapore market.Any alternative way of making animal protein without harming the environment is positive, said Paul Teng, a specialist in agriculture technology at Nanyang Technological University. But, he added, more studies are needed to understand any negative result of making cellular protein.8. Why are more people eating less meat?A. Because lab-grown meat has more nutrition.B. Because plant-based food is getting popular.C. Because meat in the market is increasingly expensive.D. Because health and the environment are their concerns.9. What is the most important for Shiok Meats at present according to Sriram?A. Bringing down the price.B. Gaining consumers’ acceptance.C. Obtaining official permission.D. Getting ahead of other companies.10. Which word best describes Pet Loh’s attitude towards lab-grown meat?A. Doubtful.B. Uncaring.C. Negative.D. Positive.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A new way to make a fortune.B. Negative results of lab-grown meat.C. New research findings on healthy diet.D. A meat alternative grown in labs.DThis is a true story. Tristin Saghin enjoyed themovie “Black Hawk Down” very much, which is about the conflict inSomalia. The battle scenes and the exciting rescues of people who are dying interested him greatly.There was just one problem: Tristin was only 9 years old, and it was thought that movie was not for children. When his parents caught him watching it on TV, they made him turn it off, though he had finished his homework and it was not late. Then one day, Tristin and his family were visiting his grandmother inMesa,Arizona. Tristin’s 2-year-old sister got out of the house and fell in the backyard pool. Realizing the little girl was missing, the family ran outside, only to find the girl had fallen into the water.Pulled from the pool and placed on the ground, the child wasn’t breathing. The family called the ambulance, but no one knew how to do first aid. No one, that is, except for Tristin. A scene in “Black Hawk Down” describes a doctor giving first aid. Tristin remembered it. Then the 9-year-old gave first aid to his sister at once and saved her life.His parents don’t stop him seeing the movies he likes any more.Tristin taught himself how to do first aid buthe had never thought he could use it to save his little sister’s life. Any skill can be used in time, so you should always learn.12. According to the text, Tristin Saghin ________.A. lived inMesa,ArizonaB. disliked studying very muchC. was always ready to help othersD. was nine years old13. Why did Tristin Saghin’s parents order him to turn off the TV?A. They wanted him to help look after his sister.B. He often spent too much time watching films.C. They thought the film was not good for children.D. He was asked to finish his homework first.14. How was Tristin’s sister saved?A. Tristin gave first aid to her.B. The ambulance arrived in time.C. A doctor passing by gave a hand.D. Her parents sent her to hospital at once.15. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to advise readers to ________.A. see more moviesB. learn more skillsC. save others bravelyD. do what they like第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省中学山市小榄镇2024届八年级数学第二学期期末调研模拟试题含解析
广东省中学山市小榄镇2024届八年级数学第二学期期末调研模拟试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1．下列表格是二次函数2y ax bx c =++的自变量x 与函数值y 的对应值，判断方程20ax bx c ++=（0a a b c ≠，，，为常数）的一个解x 的范围是 x… 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 … 2ax bx c ++…-0.03-0.010.020.04…A ．6 6.17x <<B ．6.17 6.18x <<C ．6.18 6.19x <<D ．6.19 6.20x <<2．矩形ABCD 中AB=10，BC=8，E 为AD 边上一点，沿CE 将△CDE 对折，点D 正好落在AB 边上的F 点．则AE 的长是（ ）A ．3B ．4C ．5D ．63．下列各式：2a b -，3x x+，5y π+，a b a b +-，1m （x+y ）中，是分式的共有（ ）A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个4．在平面直角坐标系中，一次函数y=kx+b 的图象如图所示，观察图象可得（ ）A．k＞0，b＞0 B．k＞0，b＜0 C．k＜0，b＞0 D．k＜0，b＜05．我校开展了主题为“青春·梦想”的艺术作品征集活动、从八年级某六个班中收集到的作品数量（单位：件）统计如图，则这组数据的众数、中位数、平均数依次是（）A．48，48，48 B．48，47.5，47.5C．48，48，48.5 D．48，47.5，48.56．对一组数据：﹣2，1，2，1，下列说法不正确的是（）A．平均数是1 B．众数是1 C．中位数是1 D．极差是47．一个有进水管与出水管的容器，从某时刻开始4min内只进水不出水，在随后的8min内既进水又出水，每分的进水量和出水量是两个常数.容器内的水量y（单位：L）与时间（单位：min）之间的关系如图所示.则每分的出水量是（）L．A．5 B．3.75 C．4 D．2.58．若菱形的周长为24cm，一个内角为60°，则菱形的面积为（）A．32B．32C．32D．329．如图，在周长为20cm的平行四边形ABCD中，AB≠AD，AC和BD相交于点O，OE⊥BD交AD于E，则ΔABE 的周长为（）A ．4cmB ．6cmC ．8cmD ．10cm10．若x ≤0，则化简|1﹣x |﹣2x 的结果是（ ） A ．1﹣2xB ．2x ﹣1C ．﹣1D ．1二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分)11．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，A 是双曲线在第一象限的分支上的一个动点，连接AO 并延长与这个双曲线的另一分支交于点B ，以AB 为底边作等腰直角三角形ABC ，使得点C 位于第四象限。
中山小榄华侨中学期末模拟试题2
初一数学上学期期末模拟题（二）编写人：洪彩华班级： 姓名： 学号： 成绩：一、选择题：（每题3分，共15分）1、下列算式中，运算结果为负数的是（ ）A ．－(－3)B ．3-C ．－32D ．(－3) 22、一个正方体的每个面都写有一个汉字．其平面展开图如图所示，那么在该正方体中，和“您”相对的字是（ ）A ：新B ：年C ：愉D ：快3、下面计算正确的是（ ）A 、32x －2x =3B 、32a ＋23a =55aC 、3＋x =3xD 、－0.25ab ＋41ba =0 4、下列说法中，正确的有（ ）①过两点有且只有一条直线； ②连结两点的线段叫做两点的距离；③两点之间，线段最短； ④若AB ＝BC ，则点B 是线段AC 的中点；A 、1个B 、2个C 、3个D 、4个5、有一群鸽子和一些鸽笼，如果每个鸽笼住6只鸽子，则剩余3只鸽子无鸽笼可住；如果再飞来5只鸽子，连同原来的鸽子，每个鸽笼刚好住8只鸽子，问有多少个鸽笼？设有x个鸽笼，则依题意可得方程（ ）A 、)5(8)3(6-=+x xB 、)5(8)3(6+=-x xC 、5836+=-x xD 、5836-=+x x二、填空题：（每题3分，共15分）6、某市某天最高气温是11℃，最低气温是零下3℃，那么当天的最大温差是 ℃.7、如图, 已知A 、B 、C 、D 是同一直线上的四点, 看图填空:AC=_______+BC, BD=AD －________8、已知3=x 是方程1211-=-ax x 的解，则=a .9、∠1与∠2负余，∠2与∠3∠互补，∠1＝34°，则∠3＝ ；10、在如右图所示的运算流程中，若输出的数y=5，则输入的数x= .三、解答题：（共70分）11、（5分）用数轴表示下列有理数，并用“＜”连接这些数。
B A 快愉年新您祝－1.5, 2)2(- －（－1）, +2，4--12、（5分）有一张地图，有A 、B 、C 三地，但地图被墨迹污染，C 地具体位置看不清楚了，但知道C 地在A 地的北偏东30°，在B 地的南偏东45°，你能帮他确定C 地的位置吗？13、（5分）计算：6)2(5)1(22+-⨯--14、（5分）化简求值：ab b a a ab 2)2(2)32(+--+-，其中2-=a ，3=b15、（5分）解方程：321)2(21-=--x x16、（6分）如图，已知线段6=AB ，延长线段AB 到C ，使BC=2AB ，点D 是AC 的中点. 求：（1）AC 的长； （2）BD 的长.17、（6分）已知多项式32x ＋m y －8与多项式－n 2x ＋2y ＋7的差中，不含有x 、y ，求m n -的值.B A18、（6分）一块三角尺的形状和尺寸如图所示。
广东省中学山市小榄镇2024届语文八年级第二学期期末联考模拟试题含解析
广东省中学山市小榄镇2024届语文八年级第二学期期末联考模拟试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、基础知识积累及运用(30分)1、下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A．今年麦子的收成是几年来麦子收成最好的一年。
B．南极恐龙化石的发现，有力地证明地壳在进行缓慢但又不可抗拒的运动。
C．全场的日光和掌声都集中到竖立在主席台前的旗杆上，D．他给我描绘了除夕农民包饺子，守岁守到深夜，初一清晨全家在一起，吃饺子，放鞭炮。
2、下面句子排序正确的一项是（）①但它的另个结果却是始料未及的②人们会在惟一的孩子身上投入过多的物质财富③计划生育能有效控制人口增长是不容置疑的④于是，小规模家庭反而变成高做排放体⑤每个孩子人均能源消耗量大大提高A．③⑤①④②B．②④③⑤①C．③①②⑤④D．②③⑤①④3、将下列句子组成语段，顺序排列正确的一项是（）①这启示我们，无论生活、事业是否一帆风顺，都有必要提醒自己：多总结经验、教训，注重培养打逆风球、啃硬骨头的能力。
②相对来说，平坦、起伏较小的道路，的确比较好走。
③但正是这样的路，反而容易让人对潜存的风险放松警惕。
④当心智足够成熟、能力足够强大，我们就能从容应对各种风险挑战，把生活过出自己想要的样子。
⑤正如古人所说，“却是平流无石处，时时闻说有沉沦”。
A．②④③⑤①B．②③⑤①④C．②⑤④①③D．②①⑤④③4、请选出下列句子中没有语病的一项（）A．留守儿童无时无刻不在期盼着与家人团聚。
B．一旦人群密集区发生火灾，后果不堪设想，因此掌握火灾中自救互救相当重要。
C．本来是出于好意，但没想到出现了这样的情况，这真是我当初始料未及的。
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初一数学上学期期末模拟题（二）编写人：洪彩华
班级： 姓名： 学号： 成绩： 一、选择题：（每题3分，共15分） 1、下列算式中，运算结果为负数的是（ ）
A ．－(－3)
B ．3-
C ．－32
D ．(－3) 2
2、一个正方体的每个面都写有一个汉字．其平面展开图如图所示，那么在该正方体中，和
“您”相对的字是（ ）
A ：新
B ：年
C ：愉
D ：快 3、下面计算正确的是（ ）
A 、32
x －2
x =3 B 、32
a ＋23
a =55
a C 、3＋x =3x D 、－0.25a
b ＋
4
1
ba =0 4、下列说法中，正确的有（ ）
①过两点有且只有一条直线； ②连结两点的线段叫做两点的距离； ③两点之间，线段最短； ④若AB ＝BC ，则点B 是线段AC 的中点； A 、1个 B 、2个 C 、3个 D 、4个
5、有一群鸽子和一些鸽笼，如果每个鸽笼住6只鸽子，则剩余3只鸽子无鸽笼可住；如果再飞来5只鸽子，连同原来的鸽子，每个鸽笼刚好住8只鸽子，问有多少个鸽笼？设有x 个鸽笼，则依题意可得方程（ ）
A 、)5(8)3(6-=+x x
B 、)5(8)3(6+=-x x
C 、5836+=-x x
D 、5836-=+x x 二、填空题：（每题3分，共15分）
6、某市某天最高气温是11℃，最低气温是零下3℃，那么当天的最大温差是 ℃.
7、如图, 已知A 、B 、C 、D 是同一直线上的四点, 看图填空:
AC=_______+BC, BD=AD －________
8、已知3=x 是方程1211-=-ax x 的解，则=a .
9、∠1与∠2负余，∠2与∠3∠互补，∠1＝34°，则∠3＝ ； 10、在如右图所示的运算流程中，若输出的数y=5， 则输入的数x= .
三、解答题：（共70分）
11、（5分）用数轴表示下列有理数，并用“＜”连接这些数。
B
A
快
愉年
新您祝
－1.5, 2)2(- －（－1）, +2，4--
12、（5分）有一张地图，有A 、B 、C 三地，但地图被墨迹污染，C 地具体位置看不清楚了，但知道C 地在A 地的北偏东30°，在B 地的南偏东45°，你能帮他确定C 地的位置吗？
13、（5分）计算：6)2(5)1(22+-⨯--
14、（5分）化简求值：ab b a a ab 2)2(2)32(+--+-，其中2-=a ，3=b
15、（5分）解方程：
3
2
1)2(21-=--x x
16、（6分）如图，已知线段6=AB ，延长线段AB 到C ，使BC=2AB ，点D 是AC 的中点. 求：（1）AC 的长； （2）BD 的长.
17、（6分）已知多项式32x ＋m y －8与多项式－n 2
x ＋2y ＋7的差中，不含有x 、y ，
求m n -的值.
B A
18、（6分）一块三角尺的形状和尺寸如图所示。
如果圆孔的半径是r，三角尺的厚度是h，这块三角尺的体积V是多少？若a=12cm，r=3cm，h=2cm，求V的值（结果保留π）
19、（6分）一辆大汽车原来的行驶速度是30千米/时，现在开始匀加速，每小时提速20千米/时，一辆小汽车原来的行驶速度是90千米/时，现在开始匀速减速，每小时减速10千米/时，经过多长时间两辆车的速度相等？这时车速是多少？
20、（6分）如图，一副三角板的两个直角顶点重合在一起。
（1）若∠MOF=34°，求∠EOM和∠FON的度数。
（2）若∠MOF=α,比较∠EOM与∠FON 的大小，并说明理由.
21、（7分）观察下面三行数：
3
-， 9，27
-， 81，243
-，…
5
-， 7，29
-， 79，245
-，…
1
-， 3，9
-， 27，81
-，…
（1）第一行数按什么规律排列？
a
a
（2）第二、第三行数与第一行数分别有什么关系？
（3）分别取这三行数的第10个数，计算这三个数的和。
22、（8分）国家规定个人发表文章、出版图书所得稿费的纳税计算方法是：（1）稿费不高
于800元的不纳税；（2）稿费高于800元，而低于4000元的应缴纳超过800元的那部分稿费的14%的税；（3）稿费为4000元或高于4000元的应缴纳全部稿费的11%的税，试根据上述纳税的计算方法作答：
①若王老师获得的稿费为2400元，则应纳税________元，若王老师获得的稿费为4000
元，则应纳税________元。
②若王老师获稿费后纳税420元，求这笔稿费是多少元？。