英语常考词义辨析
常用词形词义辨析
1.abroad到国外go abroad
board板on board
2.across介词，表面穿过walk across the road
cross动词cross the road
through介词，空间穿过go through the window
past介词，经过walk past the post office
pass 动词pass the test
3.alive 活着的I am still alive.
live现场直播is covered live
居住live in the city
lively活泼的make his class lively and interesting
living : make a living/ a living room
4.lonely孤独feel lonely
孤零零a lonely house
alone独自live alone
along沿着walk along the street
5.asleep 睡着的fall asleep
sleepy困倦的feel sleepy
6.fall 落下，倒fall down
fell ：fall的过去式(fall—fell---fallen)
feel 觉得feel sleepy/tired---过去式felt
7.badly---worse Jim acted badly, but Tom did worse.
well—better He plays football well and his father does better.
8.boring, interesting, exciting, tiring…修饰物an interesting story
bored, interested, excited, tired…修饰人feel bored
9.borrow 借进（以句子主语为参照物）May I borrow your pen?
lend 借出（以句子主语为参照物）Could you lend me some money?
keep 借一段时间How long can I keep the magazine?
10.both两者都Both of his parents are workers.
all 三者以上都All of my classmates are from China.
neither 两者都不Neither of my hands is clean.
none没有一个（三者及以上）None of the four apples is/are red.
nothing什么都没有There’s nothing in the fridge.
11.care：take care of
careful 形，仔细的be careful with fire
carefully 副，仔细地listen carefully
careless 形，粗心的a careless student
carelessly 副，粗心地drive carelessly
carelessness名，粗心Your carelessness led to the mistake.
12.take 带走（以说话者为中心）remember to take a raincoat
bring 带来（以说话者为中心）bring your book here
carry 拿，无方向Could you help me carry the books?
13.close 动词，关闭close the door
形，亲密的my closest friend
closed 形，关着的keep the door closed
14.closely 副，密切地work closely with us
15.brave 形，勇敢的He is brave enough to save the old man.
courage 名，勇气have the courage to tell him the bad news
bravely 副，勇敢地face the difficulties bravely
16.dead 形，死的have been dead
die 动，死亡die of hunger
death 名，死亡the death of his pet makes him so sad.
17.especially副，尤其He is good at all subjects, especially maths.
specially 副，专门The pen is specially designed for the boy.
special形，特殊的a special day
18.except 除了All the students except Tom will go for a school trip.
expect 期待You are expected to bring it back when you return.
19.excited形，激动的，修饰人feel excited
exciting形，激动人心的，修饰物an exciting film
excitedly 副，修饰人shouted excitedly
excitement名shout with excitement
20.a little一些，修饰不可数名词 a little money
a few一些，修饰可数名词a few trees
little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词There’s little water in the glass, is it?
few几乎没有，修饰可数名词so few students
21.form 形成form a good reading habit
from 从……
22.France 法国/ French 法语
German 德国的/ Germany 德国
23.hard 努力work hard
hardly 几乎不The boy hardly does his homework.
24.healthy 健康的keep healthy
health 健康it’s good for your health
healthily 健康地eat healthily
25.if 如果主将从现If he comes, I’ll call you.
是否I don’t know if he will come here.
whether 是否（如与or连用，则用）I wonder whether he’ll come or not.
weather 天气What will the weather be like tomorrow?
26.include 动词包括The list includes the names of many famous writers.
including 介词They have many pets, including three cats.
27.invent 动词发明Edison invented a lot of things.
invention 名词发明The invention made much difference to humans.
inventor 名词发明者Edison was a great inventor.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/4612824050.html,st 上一个的last year; 最后的make her last apperance
动词，持续The meeting will last one and a half hours.
lasting 形，持久的a lasting value
29.lie 名词，谎言tell a lie
动词，说谎He is always lying to us.
动词，位于Japan lies to the east of China.
动词，躺，平放He likes lying on the grass.
躺，平放；位于：lie—lay---lain
说谎：lie-lied-lied
30.luck 名，运气good luck
lucky 形，幸运的a lucky number
luckily 副，幸运的是Luckily, we got better marks.
unlucky/unluckily
31.noise名，噪音Don’t make any noise.
noisy 形，吵闹的much too noisy
noisily 副，吵闹地talk noisily
32.noise 噪音
sound 声音We sat listening to the sound of the waves
听起来The music sounds beautiful.
voice 嗓音The singer has a sweet voice.
33.provide 提供provide a chance for the boy=provide the boy with a chance
offer :offer a chance to the boy=offer the boy a chance
34.other别的，加名词other students
another另一个I don’t like the pair of shoes, would you like to show me another pair?
the other 两个中的另一个,常用one…the other Here is a shoe, where’s the other one?
others= other+名词
35.over/ under 年龄的上下
above/ below温度，楼层的上下
36.peace名词，和平love peace
peaceful形，宁静的a peaceful village
peacefully 副，和平地we hope to solve the problem peacefully.
37.pleasure名，乐意。对方请求帮助—With pleasure. 帮助后对方感谢—My pleasure./
It’s my pleasure.
pleasant 形，修饰物a pleasant trip
pleased形，修饰人I am pleased with the robot.
38.pollute动，污染The water will be polluted if you do that.
polluted形，被污染的Our planet is becoming more and more polluted and crowded.
pollution 名，污染noise pollution
39.quiet 安静的keep quiet
quite相当quite quiet
40.receive收到
accept 接受I received a valuable gift but I didn’t accept it because of its value.
41.realize 实现，主语为人I am sure you will realize your dream.
come true 实现，主语为物I hope your dream will come true.
42.raise 升起，及物动词，后面必须跟宾语raise your hand/ raise the national
flag( raise—raised—raised)
rise不及物动词，后面不可以跟宾语the sun rises, the price rises, the water level rises( rise—rose---risen)
43.sad 形，悲伤的too sad to say a word
sadness名，悲伤share your joy and sadness
sadly副，遗憾的是Sadly, few people were saved.
44.safe 形，安全的a safe place
safety名，安全Safety comes first.
safely副，安全地The plane landed safely.
save 动，挽救save money, save his life
45.satisfied 形，满意的I am not satisfied with the machine at all.
satisfy 动，满足satisfy your need
46.search 搜索（范围）
search for （目标）The police are searching the city for the murderer.
47.serve 动,服务serve the old couple politely
service 名I will never forget its good service./ be in service
48.smile名，微笑wear a big smile on her face
动smile at me kindly
smiling 形，微笑的Her smiling eyes make her loved by all the people.
49.succeed动，成功At last, he succeeded in winning the first prize.
success名，成功It turned out that her speech was a big success.
successful形，成功的I’m sure that you’ll be successful.
successfully副，成功地At last, he won the first prize successfully.
50.take 花费（时间）,主语是物How long does it take you to fly to Chengdu?
spend 花费时间或金钱，主语为人He spent 10,000 yuan on the bike.
I spend an hour reading
every day.
cost 花费金钱，主语为物The flat cost me 1,000,000 yuan.
pay 花费金钱，主语为人They pay 100 yuan for the shoes.
51.though虽然I take my medicine, though I do not like it.
thought想的过去式I've thought about it for some time.
想法Her thought isn’t the same as mine.
through （从空间）通过the light shines through the sharp teeth
52.wide 形，宽的The river is 300 metres wide.
副，充分地open his eyes wide
widely 副，广泛地English is widely used all over the world.
53.hope 希望hope to do;实现的可能性大;不可用hope sb. to do, 可改用hope 从句结
构I hope to go to college.
My father hopes that I can go to college.
wish 希望，可用wish sb. to do;实现的可能性不大，所以从句用虚拟语气I wish I could get rid of the habit of smoking.
54.worry 名，担忧share your worries with me
动，担忧Don’t worry about your exams.
worried形，担心的I am so worried about his heal th that I can’t sleep well.
55.have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，类似于make sb. do: Will you like to have him call
you back ?
have sth done 请人做Her father had the book punished.
have sth to do 有……要做I have too much homework to do today. have done sth 做了某事I have finished all my homework now.
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中考英语真题形容词和副词词义辨析
2019 年中考英语真题--- 形容词和副词词义辨析（一） 1. 【2019 ? 福建省】More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as as mountains of gold a and silver. A. central B. special C. valuable 2. 【2019 ?兰州 市】How ___ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. A heavily B. light C. heavy D. lightly 3.【2019 ?安徽 省】—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It's really __ A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional 4. 【2019 ?安徽 省】I came to school _____ this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom. A. early B. slowly C. quietly D. suddenly 5. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】The artist is so ___ that he can make different changing __________________________________________ pictures with sand. A. common B. careless C. creative D. helpful 6. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】—Confucius Institute （孔子学院） has been set up in many other countries. —Yes, Chinese is _____ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese. A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom 7. 【2019 ? 江西省】Peter spoke so ____ that I could hardly hear him.
高考英语语法复习 动词词义辨析
高考英语语法复习动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 （一）易混动词 1 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。 4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?；look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。） 5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound 意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。 6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。 8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。 10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。 11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob 其后接人+of+抢的物品。 12、fit与suit：fit与suit均可作合适讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。 13、take, bring 与fetch：英文中拿三个词，即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是bring，拿去带走是take，而去取回来是fetch。 14、shut与close：shut与close有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close，而在命令，态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴)；又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合，则要用close。 15、answer与reply：作为回答讲answer是及物动词，如作不及物动词，则意义不同，如answer for，意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加上to。
五大方法巧解高考英语词义猜测题
五大方法巧解高考英语词义猜测题 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是高考阅读理解题6大出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。 词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。 近三年词义猜测题考查频次一览表 近几年高考词义猜测题在数量上保持稳定，每套试卷中直接考查词义猜测的试题不超过2道。但试卷中阅读理解部分生词量略有扩大，试题难度稍有增加。例如在2017年全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解中，有部分超纲单词（如unifying, emotion和insight)给出了汉语注释，另外一部分超纲词汇(如recontextualization)却没有附加注释。这些单词既不在《考试大纲》规定的词汇表内，又未加注释，这就意味着考生不仅仅需要完成试题中直接的词义猜测题，还需要凭借自己的知识积累和学习能力猜测出未加注生词的词义，这样才能透彻地理解文章，完成阅读理解任务。 词义猜测题考查的范围主要在以下几个方面：生词、短语、熟词生义、句子和代词的指代。 常见的设问形式主要有以下几种： What does the underlined word "..." in Paragraph...refer to? What does the underlined phrase "..." in Paragraph...refer to? What does the underlined word "..." in Paragraph...mean? What does the author mean by "..." in Paragraph...? Which of the following can replace the underlined word "..." in Paragraph...? 无论是直接的词义猜测题，还是阅读中需要理解不认识的生词，我们都可以利用构词法、逻辑关系、语法关系、生活常识、文化背景和上下文语境等方法来猜出单词或短语的意思。预计2018年此题型题量将会保持稳定，命题重点仍然是考查生词/短语的意思、熟词生义或代词的指代含义。
高三英语词义辨析和练习
高三英语词义辨析和练习 afford 熟义：v 买得起；支付得起 例句：I couldn’t afford the rent on my own. 我单靠自己付不起房租。 生义：v 抽得出（时间） 例句：She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. 她工作太忙，抽不出时间去看他。 against 熟义：prep 反对 例句：Are you for or against my proposal? 你赞成还是反对我的提议？ 生义：prep 以……为背景；以防 例句：His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 他的红色衣服在白雪中格外显眼。 We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. 我们替车买了火险、盗窃险和交通意外险。 air 熟义：n 空气 例句：Let’s go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点新鲜
空气。 生义：v 公开发表（看法） 例句：Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。 business 熟义：n 商业；买卖；生意 例句：She works in the computer business. 她从事电脑业。生义：n 职责 例句：It is the business of the police to protect the community. 警察的职责是保护社会。 coin 熟义：n 硬币 例句：a ten-cent coin 面值十分的硬币 生义：v 创造（新词语） 例句：Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality”and pioneered its early development. 加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期开发。 collect 熟义：v 收集；收藏
英语名词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
英语名词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?苏州）Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法，这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令；invitation邀请；introduction介绍，说明；invention发明。结合语境，所以选D。 2．— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing. — Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it. A. expression B. experiment C. examination D. experience 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。——向Kitty寻求帮助。她有许多做它的经验。A.表达；B.实验；C.考试；D.经验。向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验，故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 3．—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me. —If you make a , you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：-妈妈，我今年将会少吃快餐，相信我。-如果你许下诺言，你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话；noise吵闹；mistake错误；promise诺言。结合语境，所以选D。 4．There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear. A. carrots B. potatoes C. rice 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：家里剩的马铃薯不多了，去买一些吧。A. carrots 胡萝卜；B. potatoes马铃薯；C. rice大米。因为空格前有little，它修饰不可数名词，rice 是不可数名词，故选C。
英语词语辨析
一、cost的四条用法注意 1. 表示“花费”，其主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语it)，不能是人。如： The computer cost (me) $2000. 这部电脑花了(我)2000美元。 It cost me $1000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花(我)1000美元。 【注】表示主观上的“花费”，cost 通常不以人作主语，但是若表示客观上的“耗费”，有时也可用人作主语。如：Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 吸烟的人每年要耗费政府一大笔钱。 2. cost 的宾语通常是钱。如： How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱? 【注】cost 有时也用于时间，但通常用于笼统时间(一般不用于具体明确的时间)。如：Making experiments like this cost much time and labour. 做这样的实验要花很多时间和劳力。 3. 通常不用于被动语态。如： 正：The coat cost thirty dollars. 这外套花了30美元。 误：Thirty dollars was cost by the coat. 4. 有时用于比喻用法中。如(from https://www.360docs.net/doc/4612824050.html,)： His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误使他丢了工作。 Careless driving will cost you your life. 粗心开车会使你丧命。 二、spend 花费，主语是人 sb+spend + 时间/ 金钱+ on sth 在....上花多少时间/金钱 sb.spend + 时间/金钱 + (in)doing sth 在做...上花多少时间/金钱 例如: 把下面的句子背出来，对你的考试有用：(注意大写的地方) 1 He spent two weeks WITH his colleagues IN Beijing visit ING different schools there. 2 He spent 1760 yuan ON his new Japanese bike. 三、take 、spend、cost 、pay的用法都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例：His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) ＋时间,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。